See trudny on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trudność"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
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],
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}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
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{
"args": {
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"2": "trudny"
},
"expansion": "Polish: trudny",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: trudny"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "trudny"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: trudny",
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}
],
"text": "Silesian: trudny"
}
],
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{
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},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
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"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *trudьnъ",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "sla-pro",
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{
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},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, trud + -ny",
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},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "the first half of the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
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{
"args": {
"1": "first half of the 14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the first half of the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trudьnъ. By surface analysis, trud + -ny. First attested in the first half of the 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"adv": "trudnie",
"adv2": "trudno"
},
"expansion": "trudny (derived adverb trudnie or trudno)",
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}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trud"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trudzenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trudzić"
}
],
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławski, Greater Poland, pages 16, 5:",
"text": "Prze slowa warg twoych ya yesm strzegl drog trudnych (vias duras)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"difficult, hard (requiring effort and overcoming obstacles)"
],
"id": "en-trudny-zlw-opl-adj-hF8NbYO2",
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) difficult, hard (requiring effort and overcoming obstacles)"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
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"Entry maintenance"
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [1444], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume IV, page 590:",
"text": "Trudna albo tagemna",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"difficult, hard (requiring much mental effort)"
],
"id": "en-trudny-zlw-opl-adj-j2MXdfJR",
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
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[
"hard",
"hard"
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},
{
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1301-1350, Kazania świętokrzyskie, Miechów, page br 31:",
"text": "Tacy dobre sø pres onogo nemochnego paralitica trvdnø nemocø urazonego znamonuiø",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"difficult (annoying, causing pain, burdensome)"
],
"id": "en-trudny-zlw-opl-adj-2n5FL4qC",
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) difficult (annoying, causing pain, burdensome)"
]
},
{
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 507:",
"text": "Lyvbo my to, aby […] s vamy vyelykonocz v Yerusalem, alyecz bądzye barzo *gorzka a *trudna vam y ye to vyelykonoczne svyato",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sad; full of pain"
],
"id": "en-trudny-zlw-opl-adj-Iunw~7g6",
"links": [
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"full",
"full"
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[
"pain",
"pain"
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},
{
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
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},
{
"_dis": "9 5 12 28 39 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 5 12 28 41 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms suffixed with -ny",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 4 9 22 34 3 3 2 2 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 9 27 37 2 2 2 1 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [End of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 175:",
"text": "Dabo vobis panem certum et artum, id est trudny (Is 30, 20)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"given in small amounts"
],
"id": "en-trudny-zlw-opl-adj-q7zlfseZ",
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[
"give",
"give"
],
[
"small",
"small"
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[
"amount",
"amount"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of bread) given in small amounts"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of bread"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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},
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"source": "w"
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XIX, Przeworsk, page 42:",
"text": "Tyś namacna ścieszka błędnych, tyś zdrowie wszech ludzi trudnych",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sick, ill; suffering"
],
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[
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[
"ill",
"ill"
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[
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"suffer"
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"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) sick, ill; suffering"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tru(ː)dnɨː/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/trudnɨ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "trudny"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "arcytrudny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trudna rada"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dla chcącego nic trudnego"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
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],
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}
],
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"g3": "",
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"2": "trud",
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},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, trud + -ny",
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish trudny. By surface analysis, trud + -ny.",
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{
"form": "trudniejszy",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "najtrudniejszy",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-adecl",
"source": "declension",
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"inflection-template"
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},
{
"form": "trudny",
"source": "declension",
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"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudną",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudną",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnymi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnymi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"adv": "trudno"
},
"expansion": "trudny (comparative trudniejszy, superlative najtrudniejszy, derived adverb trudno)",
"name": "pl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"trud‧ny"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "arcytrudno"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "lekki"
},
{
"word": "łatwy"
}
],
"glosses": [
"difficult (hard, not easy, requiring much effort)"
],
"id": "en-trudny-pl-adj-oqDyLc59",
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trudny"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"difficult (not easily understandable)"
],
"id": "en-trudny-pl-adj-2GaY4uVb",
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"difficult (filled with hardship)"
],
"id": "en-trudny-pl-adj-vzzQst59",
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ciężki"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 9 9 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 18 17 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ny",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-trudny-pl-adj-bC~c6kf5",
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrud.nɘ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrud.nɨ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-udnɘ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "ciężki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "męczący"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "mozolny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "nielekki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "niełatwy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "pracochłonny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "trudny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "wyczerpujący"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "uciążliwy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "znojny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "żmudny"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "trudny"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"2": "sla-pro",
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"expansion": "Old Polish trudny",
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{
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"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish trudny",
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{
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"2": "trud",
"3": "-ny"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, trud + -ny",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish trudny. By surface analysis, trud + -ny.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "szl-decl-adj-auto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "trudny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnŏ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnyj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnymu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnyj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnõ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"inanimate",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnõ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"inanimate",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"inanimate",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"inanimate",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnōm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnymi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnyj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnŏ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trudni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"virile",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"adv": "trudno"
},
"expansion": "trudny (derived adverb trudno)",
"name": "szl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"trud‧ny"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trud",
"2": "n",
"3": "y"
},
"name": "szl-decl-adj-auto"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trudny",
"10": "trudnyj",
"11": "trudnyj",
"12": "trudnõ",
"13": "trudnōm",
"14": "trudnyj",
"15": "trudni",
"16": "trudnych",
"17": "trudnym",
"18": "trudnych",
"19": "trudnymi",
"2": "trudnego",
"20": "trudnych",
"21": "trudne",
"3": "trudnymu",
"4": "trudnego",
"5": "trudny",
"6": "trudnym",
"7": "trudnym",
"8": "trudne",
"9": "trudnŏ"
},
"name": "szl-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian terms suffixed with -ny",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "trudność"
}
],
"glosses": [
"difficult; hard"
],
"id": "en-trudny-szl-adj-1~zAeThC",
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrud.nɪ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-udnɪ"
}
],
"word": "trudny"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish adjectives",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms suffixed with -ny",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "trudność"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trudna"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "trudny"
},
"expansion": "Polish: trudny",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: trudny"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "trudny"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: trudny",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: trudny"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*trudьnъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *trudьnъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*trudьnъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trudьnъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "trud",
"3": "-ny"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, trud + -ny",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "first half of the 14th century"
},
"expansion": "the first half of the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "first half of the 14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the first half of the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trudьnъ. By surface analysis, trud + -ny. First attested in the first half of the 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"adv": "trudnie",
"adv2": "trudno"
},
"expansion": "trudny (derived adverb trudnie or trudno)",
"name": "zlw-opl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "trud"
},
{
"word": "trudzenie"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trudzić"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławski, Greater Poland, pages 16, 5:",
"text": "Prze slowa warg twoych ya yesm strzegl drog trudnych (vias duras)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"difficult, hard (requiring effort and overcoming obstacles)"
],
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) difficult, hard (requiring effort and overcoming obstacles)"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [1444], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume IV, page 590:",
"text": "Trudna albo tagemna",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"difficult, hard (requiring much mental effort)"
],
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1301-1350, Kazania świętokrzyskie, Miechów, page br 31:",
"text": "Tacy dobre sø pres onogo nemochnego paralitica trvdnø nemocø urazonego znamonuiø",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"difficult (annoying, causing pain, burdensome)"
],
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) difficult (annoying, causing pain, burdensome)"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 507:",
"text": "Lyvbo my to, aby […] s vamy vyelykonocz v Yerusalem, alyecz bądzye barzo *gorzka a *trudna vam y ye to vyelykonoczne svyato",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sad; full of pain"
],
"links": [
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"full",
"full"
],
[
"pain",
"pain"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [End of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 175:",
"text": "Dabo vobis panem certum et artum, id est trudny (Is 30, 20)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"given in small amounts"
],
"links": [
[
"give",
"give"
],
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"amount",
"amount"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of bread) given in small amounts"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of bread"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XIX, Przeworsk, page 42:",
"text": "Tyś namacna ścieszka błędnych, tyś zdrowie wszech ludzi trudnych",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sick, ill; suffering"
],
"links": [
[
"sick",
"sick"
],
[
"ill",
"ill"
],
[
"suffer",
"suffer"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) sick, ill; suffering"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tru(ː)dnɨː/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/trudnɨ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "trudny"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish adjectives",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish hard adjectives",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ny",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/udnɘ",
"Rhymes:Polish/udnɘ/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "arcytrudny"
},
{
"word": "trudność"
},
{
"word": "trudna rada"
},
{
"word": "dla chcącego nic trudnego"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trudnić"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "trudny",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish trudny",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "trudny"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish trudny",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "trud",
"3": "-ny"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, trud + -ny",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish trudny. By surface analysis, trud + -ny.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "trudniejszy",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "najtrudniejszy",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trudny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnemu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudną",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudną",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnymi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnymi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trudniejszy",
"adv": "trudno"
},
"expansion": "trudny (comparative trudniejszy, superlative najtrudniejszy, derived adverb trudno)",
"name": "pl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"trud‧ny"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "arcytrudno"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "lekki"
},
{
"word": "łatwy"
}
],
"glosses": [
"difficult (hard, not easy, requiring much effort)"
],
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trudny"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"difficult (not easily understandable)"
],
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"difficult (filled with hardship)"
],
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ciężki"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"difficult (hard to manage, uncooperative, troublesome)"
],
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrud.nɘ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrud.nɨ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-udnɘ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "ciężki"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "męczący"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "mozolny"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "nielekki"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "niełatwy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "pracochłonny"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "trudny"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "wyczerpujący"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "uciążliwy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "znojny"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:trudny",
"word": "żmudny"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "trudny"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "trudność"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "trudny",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish trudny",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "trudny"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish trudny",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "trud",
"3": "-ny"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, trud + -ny",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish trudny. By surface analysis, trud + -ny.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "szl-decl-adj-auto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trudny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnŏ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnyj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnymu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnyj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnego",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnõ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"animate",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"inanimate",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnõ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"inanimate",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"inanimate",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"inanimate",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnōm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnymi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnyj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnych",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trudnŏ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trudni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"virile",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trudne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"adv": "trudno"
},
"expansion": "trudny (derived adverb trudno)",
"name": "szl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"trud‧ny"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trud",
"2": "n",
"3": "y"
},
"name": "szl-decl-adj-auto"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trudny",
"10": "trudnyj",
"11": "trudnyj",
"12": "trudnõ",
"13": "trudnōm",
"14": "trudnyj",
"15": "trudni",
"16": "trudnych",
"17": "trudnym",
"18": "trudnych",
"19": "trudnymi",
"2": "trudnego",
"20": "trudnych",
"21": "trudne",
"3": "trudnymu",
"4": "trudnego",
"5": "trudny",
"6": "trudnym",
"7": "trudnym",
"8": "trudne",
"9": "trudnŏ"
},
"name": "szl-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Silesian/udnɪ",
"Rhymes:Silesian/udnɪ/2 syllables",
"Silesian adjectives",
"Silesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Silesian lemmas",
"Silesian terms derived from Old Polish",
"Silesian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Silesian terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Silesian terms suffixed with -ny",
"Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"difficult; hard"
],
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrud.nɪ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-udnɪ"
}
],
"word": "trudny"
}
Download raw JSONL data for trudny meaning in All languages combined (16.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: derived adverb trudnie or trudno",
"path": [
"trudny"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "trudny",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: derived adverb trudno",
"path": [
"trudny"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "trudny",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'non-virile'",
"path": [
"trudny"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "trudny",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: derived adverb trudno",
"path": [
"trudny"
],
"section": "Silesian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "trudny",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.