See toren on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for toren meaning in All languages combined (7.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "blokkentoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "boortoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Eiffeltoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ivoren toren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kasteeltoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kerktoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "klokkentoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "schaaktoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "torenduif"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "torenflat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "torenkraai"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "torenslak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "torenspits"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "torenuil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "torenvalk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "vieringtoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "vuurtoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "wachttoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "watertoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "woontoren"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "toring"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: toring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: toring"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "tooren",
"3": "torm",
"4": "toorn"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: tooren, torm, toorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: tooren, torm, toorn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "djk",
"2": "tolen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Aukan: tolen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aukan: tolen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srm",
"2": "tolu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Saramaccan: tolu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Saramaccan: tolu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "torre"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch torre",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "turn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch turn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tur"
},
"expansion": "Old French tur",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "turris"
},
"expansion": "Latin turris",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch torre, from Old Dutch turn, from Old French tur, from Latin turris.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "torens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "torentje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-s",
"3": "torentje"
},
"expansion": "toren m (plural torens, diminutive torentje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"to‧ren"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "torenen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "uittorenen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "koning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "koningin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dame"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loper"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bisschop"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "raadsheer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "paard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pion"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A tower."
],
"id": "en-toren-nl-noun-fRu4clSm",
"links": [
[
"tower",
"tower"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "nl:Chess",
"parents": [
"Board games",
"Tabletop games",
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 46 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 86 12",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "nl:Chess",
"parents": [
"Board games",
"Tabletop games",
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A rook."
],
"id": "en-toren-nl-noun-zWUuXKBW",
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"rook",
"rook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) A rook."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kasteel"
},
{
"word": "schaaktoren"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "nl:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 46 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The fin or sail of a submarine."
],
"id": "en-toren-nl-noun-ep2B5vu0",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"fin",
"fin"
],
[
"sail",
"sail"
],
[
"submarine",
"submarine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) The fin or sail of a submarine."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sail"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtoː.rə(n)/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtʊːrə(n)]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːrən"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-toren.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/Nl-toren.ogg/Nl-toren.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/Nl-toren.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:toren"
],
"word": "toren"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "toren",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "torar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of torar:\n## third-person plural present subjunctive\n## third-person plural imperative",
"third-person plural present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en-toren-gl-verb-aSLnq3We",
"links": [
[
"torar",
"torar#Galician"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of torar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "torar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of torar:\n## third-person plural present subjunctive\n## third-person plural imperative",
"third-person plural imperative"
],
"id": "en-toren-gl-verb-bf3xfSvy",
"links": [
[
"torar",
"torar#Galician"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of torar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "toren"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "nl",
"3": "watertoren",
"t": "water tower"
},
"expansion": "Dutch watertoren (“water tower”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch watertoren (“water tower”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "torên",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "torenku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "torenmu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "torennya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "torên",
"pl": "-"
},
"expansion": "torên (first-person possessive torenku, second-person possessive torenmu, third-person possessive torennya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"to‧rên"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"water tower"
],
"id": "en-toren-id-noun-hJDz270z",
"links": [
[
"water tower",
"water tower#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) water tower"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "menara air"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"water tank"
],
"id": "en-toren-id-noun-uhfuycPR",
"links": [
[
"water tank",
"water tank"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) water tank"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tandon"
},
{
"word": "tangki"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtorən]"
}
],
"word": "toren"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -s",
"Dutch terms derived from Latin",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old French",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Dutch/oːrən",
"Rhymes:Dutch/oːrən/2 syllables",
"nl:Chess"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "blokkentoren"
},
{
"word": "boortoren"
},
{
"word": "Eiffeltoren"
},
{
"word": "ivoren toren"
},
{
"word": "kasteeltoren"
},
{
"word": "kerktoren"
},
{
"word": "klokkentoren"
},
{
"word": "schaaktoren"
},
{
"word": "torenduif"
},
{
"word": "torenflat"
},
{
"word": "torenkraai"
},
{
"word": "torenslak"
},
{
"word": "torenspits"
},
{
"word": "torenuil"
},
{
"word": "torenvalk"
},
{
"word": "vieringtoren"
},
{
"word": "vuurtoren"
},
{
"word": "wachttoren"
},
{
"word": "watertoren"
},
{
"word": "woontoren"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "toring"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: toring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: toring"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "tooren",
"3": "torm",
"4": "toorn"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: tooren, torm, toorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: tooren, torm, toorn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "djk",
"2": "tolen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Aukan: tolen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aukan: tolen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srm",
"2": "tolu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Saramaccan: tolu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Saramaccan: tolu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "torre"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch torre",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "turn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch turn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tur"
},
"expansion": "Old French tur",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "turris"
},
"expansion": "Latin turris",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch torre, from Old Dutch turn, from Old French tur, from Latin turris.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "torens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "torentje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-s",
"3": "torentje"
},
"expansion": "toren m (plural torens, diminutive torentje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"to‧ren"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "torenen"
},
{
"word": "uittorenen"
},
{
"word": "koning"
},
{
"word": "koningin"
},
{
"word": "dame"
},
{
"word": "loper"
},
{
"word": "bisschop"
},
{
"word": "raadsheer"
},
{
"word": "paard"
},
{
"word": "pion"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A tower."
],
"links": [
[
"tower",
"tower"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"nl:Chess"
],
"glosses": [
"A rook."
],
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"rook",
"rook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) A rook."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kasteel"
},
{
"word": "schaaktoren"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"nl:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"The fin or sail of a submarine."
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"fin",
"fin"
],
[
"sail",
"sail"
],
[
"submarine",
"submarine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) The fin or sail of a submarine."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sail"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtoː.rə(n)/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtʊːrə(n)]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːrən"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-toren.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/Nl-toren.ogg/Nl-toren.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/Nl-toren.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:toren"
],
"word": "toren"
}
{
"categories": [
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician non-lemma forms",
"Galician verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "toren",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "torar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of torar:\n## third-person plural present subjunctive\n## third-person plural imperative",
"third-person plural present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"torar",
"torar#Galician"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of torar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "torar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of torar:\n## third-person plural present subjunctive\n## third-person plural imperative",
"third-person plural imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"torar",
"torar#Galician"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of torar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "toren"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms borrowed from Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from Dutch",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Indonesian uncountable nouns"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "nl",
"3": "watertoren",
"t": "water tower"
},
"expansion": "Dutch watertoren (“water tower”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch watertoren (“water tower”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "torên",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "torenku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "torenmu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "torennya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "torên",
"pl": "-"
},
"expansion": "torên (first-person possessive torenku, second-person possessive torenmu, third-person possessive torennya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"to‧rên"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"water tower"
],
"links": [
[
"water tower",
"water tower#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) water tower"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "menara air"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"water tank"
],
"links": [
[
"water tank",
"water tank"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) water tank"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tandon"
},
{
"word": "tangki"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtorən]"
}
],
"word": "toren"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.