See toren in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "blokkentoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "boortoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Eiffeltoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ivoren toren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kasteeltoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kerktoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "klokkentoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "schaaktoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "torenduif"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "torenflat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "torenkraai"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "torenslak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "torenspits"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "torenuil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "torenvalk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "vieringtoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "vuurtoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "wachttoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "watertoren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "woontoren"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "toring"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: toring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: toring"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "tooren",
"3": "torm",
"4": "toorn"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: tooren, torm, toorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: tooren, torm, toorn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "djk",
"2": "tolen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Aukan: tolen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aukan: tolen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srm",
"2": "tolu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Saramaccan: tolu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Saramaccan: tolu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "torre"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch torre",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "turn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch turn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tur"
},
"expansion": "Old French tur",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "turris"
},
"expansion": "Latin turris",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch torre, from Old Dutch turn, from Old French tur, from Latin turris.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "torens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "torentje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-s",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "toren m (plural torens, diminutive torentje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"to‧ren"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "torenen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "uittorenen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "koning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "koningin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dame"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "loper"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bisschop"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "raadsheer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "paard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pion"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a tower"
],
"id": "en-toren-nl-noun-h9reBad9",
"links": [
[
"tower",
"tower"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "nl:Chess",
"parents": [
"Board games",
"Tabletop games",
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 71 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 92 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "nl:Chess",
"parents": [
"Board games",
"Tabletop games",
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a rook"
],
"id": "en-toren-nl-noun-mG3KgfrO",
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"rook",
"rook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) a rook"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kasteel"
},
{
"word": "schaaktoren"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "nl:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the fin or sail of a submarine"
],
"id": "en-toren-nl-noun-H8W676iT",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"fin",
"fin"
],
[
"sail",
"sail"
],
[
"submarine",
"submarine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) the fin or sail of a submarine"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sail"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtoː.rə(n)/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtʊːrə(n)]",
"tags": [
"Netherlands"
]
},
{
"audio": "Nl-toren.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/Nl-toren.ogg/Nl-toren.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/Nl-toren.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːrən"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:toren"
],
"word": "toren"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -s",
"Dutch terms derived from Latin",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old French",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/oːrən",
"Rhymes:Dutch/oːrən/2 syllables",
"nl:Chess"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "blokkentoren"
},
{
"word": "boortoren"
},
{
"word": "Eiffeltoren"
},
{
"word": "ivoren toren"
},
{
"word": "kasteeltoren"
},
{
"word": "kerktoren"
},
{
"word": "klokkentoren"
},
{
"word": "schaaktoren"
},
{
"word": "torenduif"
},
{
"word": "torenflat"
},
{
"word": "torenkraai"
},
{
"word": "torenslak"
},
{
"word": "torenspits"
},
{
"word": "torenuil"
},
{
"word": "torenvalk"
},
{
"word": "vieringtoren"
},
{
"word": "vuurtoren"
},
{
"word": "wachttoren"
},
{
"word": "watertoren"
},
{
"word": "woontoren"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "toring"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: toring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: toring"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "tooren",
"3": "torm",
"4": "toorn"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: tooren, torm, toorn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: tooren, torm, toorn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "djk",
"2": "tolen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Aukan: tolen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aukan: tolen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srm",
"2": "tolu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Saramaccan: tolu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Saramaccan: tolu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "torre"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch torre",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "turn"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch turn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tur"
},
"expansion": "Old French tur",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "turris"
},
"expansion": "Latin turris",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch torre, from Old Dutch turn, from Old French tur, from Latin turris.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "torens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "torentje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-s",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "toren m (plural torens, diminutive torentje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"to‧ren"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "torenen"
},
{
"word": "uittorenen"
},
{
"word": "koning"
},
{
"word": "koningin"
},
{
"word": "dame"
},
{
"word": "loper"
},
{
"word": "bisschop"
},
{
"word": "raadsheer"
},
{
"word": "paard"
},
{
"word": "pion"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a tower"
],
"links": [
[
"tower",
"tower"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"nl:Chess"
],
"glosses": [
"a rook"
],
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"rook",
"rook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) a rook"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kasteel"
},
{
"word": "schaaktoren"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"nl:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"the fin or sail of a submarine"
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"fin",
"fin"
],
[
"sail",
"sail"
],
[
"submarine",
"submarine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) the fin or sail of a submarine"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sail"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtoː.rə(n)/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈtʊːrə(n)]",
"tags": [
"Netherlands"
]
},
{
"audio": "Nl-toren.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/Nl-toren.ogg/Nl-toren.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/Nl-toren.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːrən"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nl:toren"
],
"word": "toren"
}
Download raw JSONL data for toren meaning in Dutch (3.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (ee63ee9 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.