See ston on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stone"
},
"expansion": "English: stone",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "English: stone (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en-geo",
"2": "styen"
},
"expansion": "Geordie English: styen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Geordie English: styen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "stane"
},
"expansion": "Scots: stane",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: stane"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "sthoan",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Yola: sthoan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: sthoan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "ston",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Anglo-Norman: ston",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Anglo-Norman: ston"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stān",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English stān",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stān"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English stān",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stain"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stain",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stainaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stainaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English stān, from Proto-West Germanic *stain, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stones",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ston",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stonen",
"tags": [
"error-unknown-tag",
"plural",
"rare"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ston",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stones",
"pl2": "ston",
"pl3": "stonen",
"pl3_qual": "early, rare"
},
"expansion": "ston (plural stones or ston or (early, rare) stonen)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "brymston"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "capston"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "corner ston"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "flynt ston"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "graveston"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gunneston"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mylneston"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pibleston"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "slykeston"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stenen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stonen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Stonhenge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stony"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wheston"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 17 10 5 7 3 3 21 4 8 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Rocks",
"orig": "enm:Rocks",
"parents": [
"Geology",
"Natural materials",
"Earth sciences",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A stone, boulder, or pebble:",
"A millstone or whetstone."
],
"id": "en-ston-enm-noun-la6p729x",
"links": [
[
"stone",
"#English"
],
[
"boulder",
"boulder"
],
[
"pebble",
"pebble"
],
[
"millstone",
"millstone"
],
[
"whetstone",
"whetstone"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 20 11 12 5 5 6 5 6 14 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 21 10 11 4 4 9 4 12 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 21 10 10 4 4 9 4 12 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 29 7 8 5 5 5 6 15 7 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Architecture",
"orig": "enm:Architecture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 26 7 8 5 5 5 6 17 11 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Buildings and structures",
"orig": "enm:Buildings and structures",
"parents": [
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 29 12 7 5 4 4 6 4 6 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "enm:Geology",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 17 10 5 7 3 3 21 4 8 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Rocks",
"orig": "enm:Rocks",
"parents": [
"Geology",
"Natural materials",
"Earth sciences",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 23 6 7 7 7 7 7 9 6 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "enm:Units of measure",
"parents": [
"Metrology",
"Quantity",
"Applied sciences",
"Mathematics",
"Sciences",
"Formal sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A stone, boulder, or pebble:",
"A pebble used in a slingshot."
],
"id": "en-ston-enm-noun-VHx9u~Ui",
"links": [
[
"stone",
"#English"
],
[
"boulder",
"boulder"
],
[
"pebble",
"pebble"
],
[
"slingshot",
"slingshot"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "\"Judas, get up on the rock, high on the stone, / rest your head on my lap and fall asleep right away!\"",
"ref": "c. 1275, Judas (Roud 2964, Child Ballad 23, Trinity College MS. B.14.39), folio 34, recto, lines 15-16; republished at Cambridge: Wren Digital Library (Trinity College), 2019 May 29:",
"text": "Iudaſ go þou on þe roc heie upon the ſton / lei þin heued i my barm, ſlep þou þe anon",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "And they said to hills and rocks: \"Fall on us and hide us from the face of the one that sits on the throne and from the wrath of the lamb […] \"",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 6:16, page 119v, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": ".· ⁊ þei ſeien to hillis and to ſtoonys falle ȝe on us ⁊ hide ȝe vs fro þe face of hi[m] þat ſittiþ on the troone.· ⁊ fro þe wraþþe of þe lomb ·",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A stone, boulder, or pebble"
],
"id": "en-ston-enm-noun-7NSte418",
"links": [
[
"stone",
"#English"
],
[
"boulder",
"boulder"
],
[
"pebble",
"pebble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A stone, boulder, or pebble:"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A solid mass resembling stone, especially:",
"A piece of hail, a hailstone."
],
"id": "en-ston-enm-noun-5Bm2COCH",
"links": [
[
"hail",
"hail"
],
[
"hailstone",
"hailstone"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A solid mass resembling stone, especially:",
"A kidney stone or gallstone."
],
"id": "en-ston-enm-noun-Xf~tQrHO",
"links": [
[
"kidney",
"kidney"
],
[
"gallstone",
"gallstone"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A solid mass resembling stone, especially:",
"A pit; the hard seed of a fruit."
],
"id": "en-ston-enm-noun-06NOOqOL",
"links": [
[
"pit",
"pit"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A solid mass resembling stone, especially:",
"A jewel or precious crystal"
],
"id": "en-ston-enm-noun-QxEMwQrH",
"links": [
[
"jewel",
"jewel"
],
[
"crystal",
"crystal"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 9 3 4 14 3 3 46 2 11 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Genitalia",
"orig": "enm:Genitalia",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Reproduction",
"Sex",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Life",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Nature",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 17 10 5 7 3 3 21 4 8 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Rocks",
"orig": "enm:Rocks",
"parents": [
"Geology",
"Natural materials",
"Earth sciences",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A solid mass resembling stone, especially:",
"A testicle."
],
"id": "en-ston-enm-noun-Q77ZLiHI",
"links": [
[
"testicle",
"testicle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A solid mass resembling stone, especially:",
"(colloquial) A testicle."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Stone as a material (especially in construction)"
],
"id": "en-ston-enm-noun-wqVvggrv"
},
{
"glosses": [
"A stone structure or monument, especially a tomb or tombstone."
],
"id": "en-ston-enm-noun-IjN5MMzT",
"links": [
[
"structure",
"structure"
],
[
"monument",
"monument"
],
[
"tomb",
"tomb"
],
[
"tombstone",
"tombstone"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A stone (unit of mass)"
],
"id": "en-ston-enm-noun-HvAqP8h6"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɑːn/",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/stɔːn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stane"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stoan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stone"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stoon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stoone"
}
],
"word": "ston"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "en",
"3": "stone"
},
"expansion": "English stone",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English stone.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ston",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"lang_code": "srn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"stone"
],
"id": "en-ston-srn-noun-3D1Q2o2s",
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ston/"
}
],
"word": "ston"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "ston",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sto"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite plural of sto"
],
"id": "en-ston-sv-noun-XWylFIZN",
"links": [
[
"sto",
"sto#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "ston"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpi",
"2": "en",
"3": "stone"
},
"expansion": "English stone",
"name": "der"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "tpi",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ston",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"lang_code": "tpi",
"pos": "noun",
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{
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tok Pisin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "→New International Version translation",
"ref": "1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 2:12:",
"text": "Long kantri Havila i gat gutpela gol, na i gat wanpela kain diwai, blut bilong en i gat gutpela smel. Na i gat wanpela kain ston i dai tumas, em ol i save kolim kanilian.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stone"
],
"id": "en-ston-tpi-noun-3D1Q2o2s",
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ston"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "stons",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "vo-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ston",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stons",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stona",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stonas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stone",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stones",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stoni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stonis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "o ston!",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "o stons!",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stonu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stonus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"predicative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "noun",
"3": "nominative plural",
"4": "stons",
"f1accel-form": "nom|p",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ston (nominative plural stons)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ston (nominative plural stons)",
"name": "vo-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "vo-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stone"
],
"id": "en-ston-vo-noun-3D1Q2o2s",
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ston/"
}
],
"word": "ston"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɔːn",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɔːn/1 syllable",
"enm:Architecture",
"enm:Buildings and structures",
"enm:Genitalia",
"enm:Geology",
"enm:Rocks",
"enm:Units of measure"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "stone"
},
"expansion": "English: stone",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "English: stone (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en-geo",
"2": "styen"
},
"expansion": "Geordie English: styen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Geordie English: styen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "stane"
},
"expansion": "Scots: stane",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: stane"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "sthoan",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Yola: sthoan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: sthoan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "ston",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Anglo-Norman: ston",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Anglo-Norman: ston"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stān",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English stān",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stān"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English stān",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stain"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stain",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stainaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stainaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English stān, from Proto-West Germanic *stain, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stones",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ston",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stonen",
"tags": [
"error-unknown-tag",
"plural",
"rare"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ston",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stones",
"pl2": "ston",
"pl3": "stonen",
"pl3_qual": "early, rare"
},
"expansion": "ston (plural stones or ston or (early, rare) stonen)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "brymston"
},
{
"word": "capston"
},
{
"word": "corner ston"
},
{
"word": "flynt ston"
},
{
"word": "graveston"
},
{
"word": "gunneston"
},
{
"word": "mylneston"
},
{
"word": "pibleston"
},
{
"word": "slykeston"
},
{
"word": "stenen"
},
{
"word": "stonen"
},
{
"word": "Stonhenge"
},
{
"word": "stony"
},
{
"word": "wheston"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A stone, boulder, or pebble:",
"A millstone or whetstone."
],
"links": [
[
"stone",
"#English"
],
[
"boulder",
"boulder"
],
[
"pebble",
"pebble"
],
[
"millstone",
"millstone"
],
[
"whetstone",
"whetstone"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A stone, boulder, or pebble:",
"A pebble used in a slingshot."
],
"links": [
[
"stone",
"#English"
],
[
"boulder",
"boulder"
],
[
"pebble",
"pebble"
],
[
"slingshot",
"slingshot"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "\"Judas, get up on the rock, high on the stone, / rest your head on my lap and fall asleep right away!\"",
"ref": "c. 1275, Judas (Roud 2964, Child Ballad 23, Trinity College MS. B.14.39), folio 34, recto, lines 15-16; republished at Cambridge: Wren Digital Library (Trinity College), 2019 May 29:",
"text": "Iudaſ go þou on þe roc heie upon the ſton / lei þin heued i my barm, ſlep þou þe anon",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "And they said to hills and rocks: \"Fall on us and hide us from the face of the one that sits on the throne and from the wrath of the lamb […] \"",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 6:16, page 119v, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": ".· ⁊ þei ſeien to hillis and to ſtoonys falle ȝe on us ⁊ hide ȝe vs fro þe face of hi[m] þat ſittiþ on the troone.· ⁊ fro þe wraþþe of þe lomb ·",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A stone, boulder, or pebble"
],
"links": [
[
"stone",
"#English"
],
[
"boulder",
"boulder"
],
[
"pebble",
"pebble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A stone, boulder, or pebble:"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A solid mass resembling stone, especially:",
"A piece of hail, a hailstone."
],
"links": [
[
"hail",
"hail"
],
[
"hailstone",
"hailstone"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A solid mass resembling stone, especially:",
"A kidney stone or gallstone."
],
"links": [
[
"kidney",
"kidney"
],
[
"gallstone",
"gallstone"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A solid mass resembling stone, especially:",
"A pit; the hard seed of a fruit."
],
"links": [
[
"pit",
"pit"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A solid mass resembling stone, especially:",
"A jewel or precious crystal"
],
"links": [
[
"jewel",
"jewel"
],
[
"crystal",
"crystal"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"A solid mass resembling stone, especially:",
"A testicle."
],
"links": [
[
"testicle",
"testicle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A solid mass resembling stone, especially:",
"(colloquial) A testicle."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Stone as a material (especially in construction)"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A stone structure or monument, especially a tomb or tombstone."
],
"links": [
[
"structure",
"structure"
],
[
"monument",
"monument"
],
[
"tomb",
"tomb"
],
[
"tombstone",
"tombstone"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A stone (unit of mass)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɑːn/",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/stɔːn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "stan"
},
{
"word": "stane"
},
{
"word": "stoan"
},
{
"word": "stone"
},
{
"word": "stoon"
},
{
"word": "stoone"
}
],
"word": "ston"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "en",
"3": "stone"
},
"expansion": "English stone",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English stone.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ston",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"lang_code": "srn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sranan Tongo entries with incorrect language header",
"Sranan Tongo lemmas",
"Sranan Tongo nouns",
"Sranan Tongo terms derived from English"
],
"glosses": [
"stone"
],
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ston/"
}
],
"word": "ston"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "ston",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish non-lemma forms",
"Swedish noun forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sto"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite plural of sto"
],
"links": [
[
"sto",
"sto#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "ston"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpi",
"2": "en",
"3": "stone"
},
"expansion": "English stone",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English stone.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpi",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ston",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"lang_code": "tpi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Tok Pisin entries with incorrect language header",
"Tok Pisin lemmas",
"Tok Pisin nouns",
"Tok Pisin terms derived from English",
"Tok Pisin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "→New International Version translation",
"ref": "1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 2:12:",
"text": "Long kantri Havila i gat gutpela gol, na i gat wanpela kain diwai, blut bilong en i gat gutpela smel. Na i gat wanpela kain ston i dai tumas, em ol i save kolim kanilian.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stone"
],
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ston"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "stons",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "vo-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ston",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stons",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stona",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stonas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stone",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stones",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stoni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stonis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "o ston!",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "o stons!",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stonu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stonus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"predicative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "noun",
"3": "nominative plural",
"4": "stons",
"f1accel-form": "nom|p",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ston (nominative plural stons)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ston (nominative plural stons)",
"name": "vo-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "vo-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"Volapük lemmas",
"Volapük nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"stone"
],
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ston/"
}
],
"word": "ston"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ston meaning in All languages combined (10.1kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''A stone, boulder, or pebble:'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"ston"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ston",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.