See sophisticate on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for sophisticate meaning in All languages combined (27.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "sophisticated"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sophisticated falsificationism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sophisticatedly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sophisticatedness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"word": "sophisticating"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "sophisticative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sophisticator"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sophisticaten",
"t": "to mix (something) with a foreign or inferior substance, adulterate"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sophisticaten (“to mix (something) with a foreign or inferior substance, adulterate”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "sophisticātus"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sophisticātus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past"
},
"expansion": "past",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "sophisticāre",
"t": "to disguise; to tamper with; to trick using words"
},
"expansion": "sophisticāre (“to disguise; to tamper with; to trick using words”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ātus",
"pos": "suffix denoting the possession of features or things"
},
"expansion": "-ātus (suffix denoting the possession of features or things)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "",
"3": "Sophisticāre"
},
"expansion": "Sophisticāre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "sophisticus",
"t": "pertaining to the ancient Sophists, sophistic; pertaining to sophistry, sophistic, sophistical"
},
"expansion": "Latin sophisticus (“pertaining to the ancient Sophists, sophistic; pertaining to sophistry, sophistic, sophistical”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "σοφιστικός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σοφιστικός (sophistikós)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σοφιστής",
"t": "master of a craft; prudent or wise person; philosopher; teacher, tutor; (derogatory) one who profits from false wisdom, cheat, swindler"
},
"expansion": "σοφιστής (sophistḗs, “master of a craft; prudent or wise person; philosopher; teacher, tutor; (derogatory) one who profits from false wisdom, cheat, swindler”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σοφός",
"t": "able, skilful; clever, intelligent, prudent, wise; cunning"
},
"expansion": "σοφός (sophós, “able, skilful; clever, intelligent, prudent, wise; cunning”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "active"
},
"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-āre",
"pos": "suffix forming present active infinitives of verbs"
},
"expansion": "-āre (suffix forming present active infinitives of verbs)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "sophistiquer"
},
"expansion": "French sophistiquer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "sofisticare"
},
"expansion": "Italian sofisticare",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "sofisticar"
},
"expansion": "Spanish sofisticar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The verb is derived from Middle English sophisticaten (“to mix (something) with a foreign or inferior substance, adulterate”), from Medieval Latin sophisticātus, the past participle of sophisticāre (“to disguise; to tamper with; to trick using words”) + -ātus (suffix denoting the possession of features or things). Sophisticāre is derived from Latin sophisticus (“pertaining to the ancient Sophists, sophistic; pertaining to sophistry, sophistic, sophistical”) (from Ancient Greek σοφιστικός (sophistikós), from σοφιστής (sophistḗs, “master of a craft; prudent or wise person; philosopher; teacher, tutor; (derogatory) one who profits from false wisdom, cheat, swindler”), from σοφός (sophós, “able, skilful; clever, intelligent, prudent, wise; cunning”), further etymology unknown) + -āre (suffix forming present active infinitives of verbs).\nThe noun is derived from the verb.\ncognates\n* French sophistiquer\n* Italian sofisticare\n* Spanish sofisticar",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sophisticates",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sophisticating",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sophisticated",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sophisticated",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sophisticate (third-person singular simple present sophisticates, present participle sophisticating, simple past and past participle sophisticated)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"so‧phis‧tic‧ate"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sophism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sophist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "sophister"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sophistic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sophistical"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sophistically"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sophistication"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "sophistress"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sophistry"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1960, R[ichard] S[tanley] Peters, “Motives and Motivation”, in R. F. Holland, editor, The Concept of Motivation (Studies in Philosophical Psychology), 2nd edition, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul; New York, N.Y.: Humanities Press, published 1965, →OCLC, page 38",
"text": "Psychologists have developed quasi-causal theories to explain the directedness of behaviour, to answer the question ‘Why are certain sorts of reasons operative?’ and these theories may well have insinuated themselves into ordinary language as part of the meaning of “motive”. It might well be, therefore, that people who are slightly sophisticated by psychological theories assume some such necessary connexion [between giving the motive for an action and making any assertions of a causal kind about a man’s emotional state].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make (something) less innocent or natural; to artificialize."
],
"id": "en-sophisticate-en-verb-he4LhX3D",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"innocent",
"innocent#Adjective"
],
[
"natural",
"natural#Adjective"
],
[
"artificialize",
"artificialize"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To make (something) less innocent or natural; to artificialize."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To make (something) more sophisticated (“complex, developed, or refined”); to develop, to refine."
],
"id": "en-sophisticate-en-verb-9ikf05lp",
"links": [
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated#English"
],
[
"complex",
"complex#Adjective"
],
[
"developed",
"developed#Adjective"
],
[
"refined",
"refined#Adjective"
],
[
"develop",
"develop"
],
[
"refine",
"refine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To make (something) more sophisticated (“complex, developed, or refined”); to develop, to refine."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "12 45 28 5 3 1 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "usložnjavam",
"sense": "to make (something) more sophisticated (“complex, developed, or refined”) — see also develop, refine",
"word": "усложнявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 45 28 5 3 1 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make (something) more sophisticated (“complex, developed, or refined”) — see also develop, refine",
"word": "tehdä hienostuneeksi"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 45 28 5 3 1 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make (something) more sophisticated (“complex, developed, or refined”) — see also develop, refine",
"word": "tehdä hienostuneemmaksi"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 45 28 5 3 1 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make (something) more sophisticated (“complex, developed, or refined”) — see also develop, refine",
"word": "sivistää"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 45 28 5 3 1 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make (something) more sophisticated (“complex, developed, or refined”) — see also develop, refine",
"word": "jalostaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 45 28 5 3 1 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to make (something) more sophisticated (“complex, developed, or refined”) — see also develop, refine",
"word": "sofisticar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 3 4 6 23 7 2 20 2 5 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 3 6 5 24 6 2 18 2 4 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 4 7 5 22 7 2 16 3 4 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 4 4 6 23 7 3 17 2 4 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 6 6 6 21 7 4 15 5 4 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ate",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 9 8 8 19 8 6 10 9 5 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make (oneself or someone) more sophisticated (“experienced in the ways of the world, that is, cosmopolitan or worldly-wise”); to cosmopolitanize."
],
"id": "en-sophisticate-en-verb-PETe-HUL",
"links": [
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated#English"
],
[
"experienced",
"experienced#Adjective"
],
[
"ways",
"way#Noun"
],
[
"world",
"world#Noun"
],
[
"cosmopolitan",
"cosmopolitan#Adjective"
],
[
"worldly-wise",
"worldly-wise"
],
[
"cosmopolitanize",
"cosmopolitanize"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(also reflexive) To make (oneself or someone) more sophisticated (“experienced in the ways of the world, that is, cosmopolitan or worldly-wise”); to cosmopolitanize."
],
"tags": [
"also",
"reflexive",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 16 63 3 4 1 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make (oneself or someone) more sophisticated (“experienced in the ways of the world, that is, cosmopolitan or worldly-wise”) — see also cosmopolitanize",
"word": "sivistää"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To alter and make impure (something) by mixing it with some foreign or inferior substance, especially with an intention to deceive; to adulterate; (generally) to corrupt or deceive (someone, their thinking, etc.)."
],
"id": "en-sophisticate-en-verb-lsKPtpC4",
"links": [
[
"alter",
"alter#Verb"
],
[
"impure",
"impure"
],
[
"mixing",
"mix#Verb"
],
[
"foreign",
"foreign#Adjective"
],
[
"inferior",
"inferior#Adjective"
],
[
"substance",
"substance#Noun"
],
[
"intention",
"intention"
],
[
"deceive",
"deceive"
],
[
"adulterate",
"adulterate#Verb"
],
[
"corrupt",
"corrupt#Verb"
],
[
"thinking",
"thinking#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(also figuratively) To alter and make impure (something) by mixing it with some foreign or inferior substance, especially with an intention to deceive; to adulterate; (generally) to corrupt or deceive (someone, their thinking, etc.)."
],
"tags": [
"also",
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1803 April 9, Thomas Jefferson, “John Adams to Thomas Jefferson. Quincy, July 16, 1813 [quoting Jefferson’s letter to Dr. Joseph Priestley]”, in The Writings of Thomas Jefferson; […], volume VI, New York, N.Y.: Riker, Thorne & Co.; Washington, D.C.: Taylor & Maury, published 1854, →OCLC, page 169",
"text": "His character and doctrines have received still greater injury from those who pretend to be his special disciples, and who have disfigured and sophisticated his actions and precepts from views of personal interest, so as to induce the unthinking part of mankind to throw off the whole system in disgust, and to pass sentence, as an impostor on the most innocent, the most benevolent, the most eloquent and sublime character that has ever been exhibited to man.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To change the meaning of (something) in a deceptive or misleading way."
],
"id": "en-sophisticate-en-verb-DN-uwg3~",
"links": [
[
"change",
"change#Verb"
],
[
"meaning",
"meaning#Noun"
],
[
"deceptive",
"deceptive"
],
[
"misleading",
"misleading#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To change the meaning of (something) in a deceptive or misleading way."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 4 3 86 1 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to change the meaning of (something) in a deceptive or misleading way",
"word": "käyttää harhaanjohtavassa merkityksessä"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To apply an artificial technique to (something)."
],
"id": "en-sophisticate-en-verb-hemP3ZFa",
"links": [
[
"apply",
"apply#Verb"
],
[
"artificial",
"artificial"
],
[
"technique",
"technique"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(archaic) To apply an artificial technique to (something)."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 1 1 94 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to apply an artificial technique to (something)",
"word": "soveltaa keinotekoista tekniikkaa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1876 March, Matthew Arnold, “Bishop Butler and the Zeit-Geist. II.”, in The Contemporary Review, volume XXVII, London: Strahan & Co. […], →ISSN, →OCLC, page 574",
"text": "Yet [Joseph] Butler professes to stick to plain facts, not to sophisticate, not to refine.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To practise sophistry (“the (deliberate) making of arguments that seem plausible but are fallacious or misleading”)."
],
"id": "en-sophisticate-en-verb-vtfKxbay",
"links": [
[
"practise",
"practise#Verb"
],
[
"sophistry",
"sophistry#English"
],
[
"deliberate",
"deliberate#Adjective"
],
[
"making",
"making#Noun"
],
[
"arguments",
"argument#Noun"
],
[
"seem",
"seem"
],
[
"plausible",
"plausible"
],
[
"fallacious",
"fallacious"
],
[
"misleading",
"misleading#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To practise sophistry (“the (deliberate) making of arguments that seem plausible but are fallacious or misleading”)."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 13 17 6 3 3 56",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izvǎrtam",
"sense": "to practice sophistry",
"word": "извъртам"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 13 17 6 3 3 56",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to practice sophistry",
"word": "olla sofistinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 13 17 6 3 3 56",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to practice sophistry",
"word": "sofismar"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/səˈfɪstɪkeɪt/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/səˈfɪstɪkət/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-sophisticate-adj.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sophisticate-adj.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sophisticate-adj.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "sophisticate"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sophisticaten",
"t": "to mix (something) with a foreign or inferior substance, adulterate"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sophisticaten (“to mix (something) with a foreign or inferior substance, adulterate”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "sophisticātus"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sophisticātus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past"
},
"expansion": "past",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "sophisticāre",
"t": "to disguise; to tamper with; to trick using words"
},
"expansion": "sophisticāre (“to disguise; to tamper with; to trick using words”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ātus",
"pos": "suffix denoting the possession of features or things"
},
"expansion": "-ātus (suffix denoting the possession of features or things)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "",
"3": "Sophisticāre"
},
"expansion": "Sophisticāre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "sophisticus",
"t": "pertaining to the ancient Sophists, sophistic; pertaining to sophistry, sophistic, sophistical"
},
"expansion": "Latin sophisticus (“pertaining to the ancient Sophists, sophistic; pertaining to sophistry, sophistic, sophistical”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "σοφιστικός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σοφιστικός (sophistikós)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σοφιστής",
"t": "master of a craft; prudent or wise person; philosopher; teacher, tutor; (derogatory) one who profits from false wisdom, cheat, swindler"
},
"expansion": "σοφιστής (sophistḗs, “master of a craft; prudent or wise person; philosopher; teacher, tutor; (derogatory) one who profits from false wisdom, cheat, swindler”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σοφός",
"t": "able, skilful; clever, intelligent, prudent, wise; cunning"
},
"expansion": "σοφός (sophós, “able, skilful; clever, intelligent, prudent, wise; cunning”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "active"
},
"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-āre",
"pos": "suffix forming present active infinitives of verbs"
},
"expansion": "-āre (suffix forming present active infinitives of verbs)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "sophistiquer"
},
"expansion": "French sophistiquer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "sofisticare"
},
"expansion": "Italian sofisticare",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "sofisticar"
},
"expansion": "Spanish sofisticar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The verb is derived from Middle English sophisticaten (“to mix (something) with a foreign or inferior substance, adulterate”), from Medieval Latin sophisticātus, the past participle of sophisticāre (“to disguise; to tamper with; to trick using words”) + -ātus (suffix denoting the possession of features or things). Sophisticāre is derived from Latin sophisticus (“pertaining to the ancient Sophists, sophistic; pertaining to sophistry, sophistic, sophistical”) (from Ancient Greek σοφιστικός (sophistikós), from σοφιστής (sophistḗs, “master of a craft; prudent or wise person; philosopher; teacher, tutor; (derogatory) one who profits from false wisdom, cheat, swindler”), from σοφός (sophós, “able, skilful; clever, intelligent, prudent, wise; cunning”), further etymology unknown) + -āre (suffix forming present active infinitives of verbs).\nThe noun is derived from the verb.\ncognates\n* French sophistiquer\n* Italian sofisticare\n* Spanish sofisticar",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sophisticates",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sophisticate (plural sophisticates)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"so‧phis‧tic‧ate"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 3 4 6 23 7 2 20 2 5 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 3 6 5 24 6 2 18 2 4 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 4 7 5 22 7 2 16 3 4 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 4 4 6 23 7 3 17 2 4 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 6 6 6 21 7 4 15 5 4 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ate",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 9 8 8 19 8 6 10 9 5 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2001 September 21, Walt Dohrn, Paul Tibbitt, Merriwether Williams, “Sailor Mouth”, in SpongeBob SquarePants, season 2, episode 18a",
"text": "Patrick Star: Because classy sophisticates like us should not stain our lips with cursing. / SpongeBob SquarePants: Yea verily!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who is sophisticated (“experienced in the ways of the world, that is, cosmopolitan or worldly-wise”), or who has sophisticated tastes."
],
"id": "en-sophisticate-en-noun-hBl9cTc2",
"links": [
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated#English"
],
[
"experienced",
"experienced#Adjective"
],
[
"ways",
"way#Noun"
],
[
"world",
"world#Noun"
],
[
"cosmopolitan",
"cosmopolitan#Adjective"
],
[
"worldly-wise",
"worldly-wise"
],
[
"tastes",
"taste#Noun"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person who is sophisticated, or who has sophisticated tastes",
"word": "hienostunut"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [],
"word": "sophisticate"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sophisticat"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sophisticat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sophisticate",
"t": "adulterated; not genuine, counterfeit"
},
"expansion": "sophisticate (“adulterated; not genuine, counterfeit”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past"
},
"expansion": "past",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sophisticaten",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "sophisticaten (verb)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English sophisticat, sophisticate (“adulterated; not genuine, counterfeit”), an adjective use of the past participle of sophisticaten (verb): see etymology 1.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more sophisticate",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most sophisticate",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sophisticate (comparative more sophisticate, superlative most sophisticate)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"so‧phis‧tic‧ate"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 3 4 6 23 7 2 20 2 5 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 3 6 5 24 6 2 18 2 4 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 4 7 5 22 7 2 16 3 4 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 4 4 6 23 7 3 17 2 4 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 6 6 6 21 7 4 15 5 4 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ate",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 9 8 8 19 8 6 10 9 5 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of sophisticated (adjective)",
"Of a person: experienced in the ways of the world; cosmopolitan, worldly-wise."
],
"id": "en-sophisticate-en-adj-9xPqPZIO",
"links": [
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated#English"
],
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"experienced",
"experienced#Adjective"
],
[
"ways",
"way#Noun"
],
[
"world",
"world#Noun"
],
[
"cosmopolitan",
"cosmopolitan#Adjective"
],
[
"worldly-wise",
"worldly-wise"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Synonym of sophisticated (adjective)",
"Of art or other things: appealing to the tastes of an intellectual or sophisticated (sense 1.1) person; cerebral; also, cultured, elegant, refined."
],
"id": "en-sophisticate-en-adj-uXKQz16U",
"links": [
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated#English"
],
[
"art",
"art#Noun"
],
[
"thing",
"thing"
],
[
"appealing",
"appealing#Adjective"
],
[
"tastes",
"taste#Noun"
],
[
"intellectual",
"intellectual#Adjective"
],
[
"cerebral",
"cerebral"
],
[
"cultured",
"cultured#Adjective"
],
[
"elegant",
"elegant"
],
[
"refined",
"refined#Adjective"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of sophisticated (adjective)",
"Mixed with a foreign or inferior substance; not genuine or pure; adulterated, impure."
],
"id": "en-sophisticate-en-adj-DxuMt4yO",
"links": [
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated#English"
],
[
"Mixed",
"mix#Verb"
],
[
"foreign",
"foreign#Adjective"
],
[
"inferior",
"inferior#Adjective"
],
[
"substance",
"substance#Noun"
],
[
"genuine",
"genuine"
],
[
"pure",
"pure#Adjective"
],
[
"adulterated",
"adulterated#Adjective"
],
[
"impure",
"impure#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Synonym of sophisticated (adjective)",
"(obsolete) Mixed with a foreign or inferior substance; not genuine or pure; adulterated, impure."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of sophisticated (adjective)",
"Of a thing: having its meaning changed in a deceptive or misleading way."
],
"id": "en-sophisticate-en-adj-NKTyw4wH",
"links": [
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated#English"
],
[
"meaning",
"meaning#Noun"
],
[
"changed",
"change#Verb"
],
[
"deceptive",
"deceptive"
],
[
"misleading",
"misleading#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Synonym of sophisticated (adjective)",
"(obsolete) Of a thing: having its meaning changed in a deceptive or misleading way."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [],
"word": "sophisticate"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 4-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ate",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "sophisticated"
},
{
"word": "sophisticated falsificationism"
},
{
"word": "sophisticatedly"
},
{
"word": "sophisticatedness"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"word": "sophisticating"
},
{
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "sophisticative"
},
{
"word": "sophisticator"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sophisticaten",
"t": "to mix (something) with a foreign or inferior substance, adulterate"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sophisticaten (“to mix (something) with a foreign or inferior substance, adulterate”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "sophisticātus"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sophisticātus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past"
},
"expansion": "past",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "sophisticāre",
"t": "to disguise; to tamper with; to trick using words"
},
"expansion": "sophisticāre (“to disguise; to tamper with; to trick using words”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ātus",
"pos": "suffix denoting the possession of features or things"
},
"expansion": "-ātus (suffix denoting the possession of features or things)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "",
"3": "Sophisticāre"
},
"expansion": "Sophisticāre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "sophisticus",
"t": "pertaining to the ancient Sophists, sophistic; pertaining to sophistry, sophistic, sophistical"
},
"expansion": "Latin sophisticus (“pertaining to the ancient Sophists, sophistic; pertaining to sophistry, sophistic, sophistical”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "σοφιστικός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σοφιστικός (sophistikós)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σοφιστής",
"t": "master of a craft; prudent or wise person; philosopher; teacher, tutor; (derogatory) one who profits from false wisdom, cheat, swindler"
},
"expansion": "σοφιστής (sophistḗs, “master of a craft; prudent or wise person; philosopher; teacher, tutor; (derogatory) one who profits from false wisdom, cheat, swindler”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σοφός",
"t": "able, skilful; clever, intelligent, prudent, wise; cunning"
},
"expansion": "σοφός (sophós, “able, skilful; clever, intelligent, prudent, wise; cunning”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "active"
},
"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-āre",
"pos": "suffix forming present active infinitives of verbs"
},
"expansion": "-āre (suffix forming present active infinitives of verbs)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "sophistiquer"
},
"expansion": "French sophistiquer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "sofisticare"
},
"expansion": "Italian sofisticare",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "sofisticar"
},
"expansion": "Spanish sofisticar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The verb is derived from Middle English sophisticaten (“to mix (something) with a foreign or inferior substance, adulterate”), from Medieval Latin sophisticātus, the past participle of sophisticāre (“to disguise; to tamper with; to trick using words”) + -ātus (suffix denoting the possession of features or things). Sophisticāre is derived from Latin sophisticus (“pertaining to the ancient Sophists, sophistic; pertaining to sophistry, sophistic, sophistical”) (from Ancient Greek σοφιστικός (sophistikós), from σοφιστής (sophistḗs, “master of a craft; prudent or wise person; philosopher; teacher, tutor; (derogatory) one who profits from false wisdom, cheat, swindler”), from σοφός (sophós, “able, skilful; clever, intelligent, prudent, wise; cunning”), further etymology unknown) + -āre (suffix forming present active infinitives of verbs).\nThe noun is derived from the verb.\ncognates\n* French sophistiquer\n* Italian sofisticare\n* Spanish sofisticar",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sophisticates",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sophisticating",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sophisticated",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sophisticated",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sophisticate (third-person singular simple present sophisticates, present participle sophisticating, simple past and past participle sophisticated)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"so‧phis‧tic‧ate"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "sophism"
},
{
"word": "sophist"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "sophister"
},
{
"word": "sophistic"
},
{
"word": "sophistical"
},
{
"word": "sophistically"
},
{
"word": "sophistication"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "sophistress"
},
{
"word": "sophistry"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1960, R[ichard] S[tanley] Peters, “Motives and Motivation”, in R. F. Holland, editor, The Concept of Motivation (Studies in Philosophical Psychology), 2nd edition, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul; New York, N.Y.: Humanities Press, published 1965, →OCLC, page 38",
"text": "Psychologists have developed quasi-causal theories to explain the directedness of behaviour, to answer the question ‘Why are certain sorts of reasons operative?’ and these theories may well have insinuated themselves into ordinary language as part of the meaning of “motive”. It might well be, therefore, that people who are slightly sophisticated by psychological theories assume some such necessary connexion [between giving the motive for an action and making any assertions of a causal kind about a man’s emotional state].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make (something) less innocent or natural; to artificialize."
],
"links": [
[
"make",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"innocent",
"innocent#Adjective"
],
[
"natural",
"natural#Adjective"
],
[
"artificialize",
"artificialize"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To make (something) less innocent or natural; to artificialize."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To make (something) more sophisticated (“complex, developed, or refined”); to develop, to refine."
],
"links": [
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated#English"
],
[
"complex",
"complex#Adjective"
],
[
"developed",
"developed#Adjective"
],
[
"refined",
"refined#Adjective"
],
[
"develop",
"develop"
],
[
"refine",
"refine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To make (something) more sophisticated (“complex, developed, or refined”); to develop, to refine."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English reflexive verbs",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To make (oneself or someone) more sophisticated (“experienced in the ways of the world, that is, cosmopolitan or worldly-wise”); to cosmopolitanize."
],
"links": [
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated#English"
],
[
"experienced",
"experienced#Adjective"
],
[
"ways",
"way#Noun"
],
[
"world",
"world#Noun"
],
[
"cosmopolitan",
"cosmopolitan#Adjective"
],
[
"worldly-wise",
"worldly-wise"
],
[
"cosmopolitanize",
"cosmopolitanize"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(also reflexive) To make (oneself or someone) more sophisticated (“experienced in the ways of the world, that is, cosmopolitan or worldly-wise”); to cosmopolitanize."
],
"tags": [
"also",
"reflexive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To alter and make impure (something) by mixing it with some foreign or inferior substance, especially with an intention to deceive; to adulterate; (generally) to corrupt or deceive (someone, their thinking, etc.)."
],
"links": [
[
"alter",
"alter#Verb"
],
[
"impure",
"impure"
],
[
"mixing",
"mix#Verb"
],
[
"foreign",
"foreign#Adjective"
],
[
"inferior",
"inferior#Adjective"
],
[
"substance",
"substance#Noun"
],
[
"intention",
"intention"
],
[
"deceive",
"deceive"
],
[
"adulterate",
"adulterate#Verb"
],
[
"corrupt",
"corrupt#Verb"
],
[
"thinking",
"thinking#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(also figuratively) To alter and make impure (something) by mixing it with some foreign or inferior substance, especially with an intention to deceive; to adulterate; (generally) to corrupt or deceive (someone, their thinking, etc.)."
],
"tags": [
"also",
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1803 April 9, Thomas Jefferson, “John Adams to Thomas Jefferson. Quincy, July 16, 1813 [quoting Jefferson’s letter to Dr. Joseph Priestley]”, in The Writings of Thomas Jefferson; […], volume VI, New York, N.Y.: Riker, Thorne & Co.; Washington, D.C.: Taylor & Maury, published 1854, →OCLC, page 169",
"text": "His character and doctrines have received still greater injury from those who pretend to be his special disciples, and who have disfigured and sophisticated his actions and precepts from views of personal interest, so as to induce the unthinking part of mankind to throw off the whole system in disgust, and to pass sentence, as an impostor on the most innocent, the most benevolent, the most eloquent and sublime character that has ever been exhibited to man.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To change the meaning of (something) in a deceptive or misleading way."
],
"links": [
[
"change",
"change#Verb"
],
[
"meaning",
"meaning#Noun"
],
[
"deceptive",
"deceptive"
],
[
"misleading",
"misleading#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"To change the meaning of (something) in a deceptive or misleading way."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To apply an artificial technique to (something)."
],
"links": [
[
"apply",
"apply#Verb"
],
[
"artificial",
"artificial"
],
[
"technique",
"technique"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(archaic) To apply an artificial technique to (something)."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1876 March, Matthew Arnold, “Bishop Butler and the Zeit-Geist. II.”, in The Contemporary Review, volume XXVII, London: Strahan & Co. […], →ISSN, →OCLC, page 574",
"text": "Yet [Joseph] Butler professes to stick to plain facts, not to sophisticate, not to refine.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To practise sophistry (“the (deliberate) making of arguments that seem plausible but are fallacious or misleading”)."
],
"links": [
[
"practise",
"practise#Verb"
],
[
"sophistry",
"sophistry#English"
],
[
"deliberate",
"deliberate#Adjective"
],
[
"making",
"making#Noun"
],
[
"arguments",
"argument#Noun"
],
[
"seem",
"seem"
],
[
"plausible",
"plausible"
],
[
"fallacious",
"fallacious"
],
[
"misleading",
"misleading#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To practise sophistry (“the (deliberate) making of arguments that seem plausible but are fallacious or misleading”)."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/səˈfɪstɪkeɪt/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/səˈfɪstɪkət/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-sophisticate-verb.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/15/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sophisticate-verb.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sophisticate-verb.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/15/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sophisticate-verb.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sophisticate-verb.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-sophisticate-adj.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sophisticate-adj.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sophisticate-adj.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sophisticate-adj.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-sophisticate-adj.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "usložnjavam",
"sense": "to make (something) more sophisticated (“complex, developed, or refined”) — see also develop, refine",
"word": "усложнявам"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make (something) more sophisticated (“complex, developed, or refined”) — see also develop, refine",
"word": "tehdä hienostuneeksi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make (something) more sophisticated (“complex, developed, or refined”) — see also develop, refine",
"word": "tehdä hienostuneemmaksi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make (something) more sophisticated (“complex, developed, or refined”) — see also develop, refine",
"word": "sivistää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make (something) more sophisticated (“complex, developed, or refined”) — see also develop, refine",
"word": "jalostaa"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to make (something) more sophisticated (“complex, developed, or refined”) — see also develop, refine",
"word": "sofisticar"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make (oneself or someone) more sophisticated (“experienced in the ways of the world, that is, cosmopolitan or worldly-wise”) — see also cosmopolitanize",
"word": "sivistää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to change the meaning of (something) in a deceptive or misleading way",
"word": "käyttää harhaanjohtavassa merkityksessä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to apply an artificial technique to (something)",
"word": "soveltaa keinotekoista tekniikkaa"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izvǎrtam",
"sense": "to practice sophistry",
"word": "извъртам"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to practice sophistry",
"word": "olla sofistinen"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to practice sophistry",
"word": "sofismar"
}
],
"word": "sophisticate"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 4-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ate",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sophisticaten",
"t": "to mix (something) with a foreign or inferior substance, adulterate"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sophisticaten (“to mix (something) with a foreign or inferior substance, adulterate”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "sophisticātus"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sophisticātus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past"
},
"expansion": "past",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "sophisticāre",
"t": "to disguise; to tamper with; to trick using words"
},
"expansion": "sophisticāre (“to disguise; to tamper with; to trick using words”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ātus",
"pos": "suffix denoting the possession of features or things"
},
"expansion": "-ātus (suffix denoting the possession of features or things)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "",
"3": "Sophisticāre"
},
"expansion": "Sophisticāre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "sophisticus",
"t": "pertaining to the ancient Sophists, sophistic; pertaining to sophistry, sophistic, sophistical"
},
"expansion": "Latin sophisticus (“pertaining to the ancient Sophists, sophistic; pertaining to sophistry, sophistic, sophistical”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "σοφιστικός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σοφιστικός (sophistikós)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σοφιστής",
"t": "master of a craft; prudent or wise person; philosopher; teacher, tutor; (derogatory) one who profits from false wisdom, cheat, swindler"
},
"expansion": "σοφιστής (sophistḗs, “master of a craft; prudent or wise person; philosopher; teacher, tutor; (derogatory) one who profits from false wisdom, cheat, swindler”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σοφός",
"t": "able, skilful; clever, intelligent, prudent, wise; cunning"
},
"expansion": "σοφός (sophós, “able, skilful; clever, intelligent, prudent, wise; cunning”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "active"
},
"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-āre",
"pos": "suffix forming present active infinitives of verbs"
},
"expansion": "-āre (suffix forming present active infinitives of verbs)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "sophistiquer"
},
"expansion": "French sophistiquer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "sofisticare"
},
"expansion": "Italian sofisticare",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "sofisticar"
},
"expansion": "Spanish sofisticar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The verb is derived from Middle English sophisticaten (“to mix (something) with a foreign or inferior substance, adulterate”), from Medieval Latin sophisticātus, the past participle of sophisticāre (“to disguise; to tamper with; to trick using words”) + -ātus (suffix denoting the possession of features or things). Sophisticāre is derived from Latin sophisticus (“pertaining to the ancient Sophists, sophistic; pertaining to sophistry, sophistic, sophistical”) (from Ancient Greek σοφιστικός (sophistikós), from σοφιστής (sophistḗs, “master of a craft; prudent or wise person; philosopher; teacher, tutor; (derogatory) one who profits from false wisdom, cheat, swindler”), from σοφός (sophós, “able, skilful; clever, intelligent, prudent, wise; cunning”), further etymology unknown) + -āre (suffix forming present active infinitives of verbs).\nThe noun is derived from the verb.\ncognates\n* French sophistiquer\n* Italian sofisticare\n* Spanish sofisticar",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sophisticates",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sophisticate (plural sophisticates)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"so‧phis‧tic‧ate"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2001 September 21, Walt Dohrn, Paul Tibbitt, Merriwether Williams, “Sailor Mouth”, in SpongeBob SquarePants, season 2, episode 18a",
"text": "Patrick Star: Because classy sophisticates like us should not stain our lips with cursing. / SpongeBob SquarePants: Yea verily!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who is sophisticated (“experienced in the ways of the world, that is, cosmopolitan or worldly-wise”), or who has sophisticated tastes."
],
"links": [
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated#English"
],
[
"experienced",
"experienced#Adjective"
],
[
"ways",
"way#Noun"
],
[
"world",
"world#Noun"
],
[
"cosmopolitan",
"cosmopolitan#Adjective"
],
[
"worldly-wise",
"worldly-wise"
],
[
"tastes",
"taste#Noun"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person who is sophisticated, or who has sophisticated tastes",
"word": "hienostunut"
}
],
"word": "sophisticate"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 4-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ate",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sophisticat"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sophisticat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sophisticate",
"t": "adulterated; not genuine, counterfeit"
},
"expansion": "sophisticate (“adulterated; not genuine, counterfeit”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past"
},
"expansion": "past",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sophisticaten",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "sophisticaten (verb)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English sophisticat, sophisticate (“adulterated; not genuine, counterfeit”), an adjective use of the past participle of sophisticaten (verb): see etymology 1.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more sophisticate",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most sophisticate",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sophisticate (comparative more sophisticate, superlative most sophisticate)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"so‧phis‧tic‧ate"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Synonym of sophisticated (adjective)",
"Of a person: experienced in the ways of the world; cosmopolitan, worldly-wise."
],
"links": [
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated#English"
],
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"experienced",
"experienced#Adjective"
],
[
"ways",
"way#Noun"
],
[
"world",
"world#Noun"
],
[
"cosmopolitan",
"cosmopolitan#Adjective"
],
[
"worldly-wise",
"worldly-wise"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Synonym of sophisticated (adjective)",
"Of art or other things: appealing to the tastes of an intellectual or sophisticated (sense 1.1) person; cerebral; also, cultured, elegant, refined."
],
"links": [
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated#English"
],
[
"art",
"art#Noun"
],
[
"thing",
"thing"
],
[
"appealing",
"appealing#Adjective"
],
[
"tastes",
"taste#Noun"
],
[
"intellectual",
"intellectual#Adjective"
],
[
"cerebral",
"cerebral"
],
[
"cultured",
"cultured#Adjective"
],
[
"elegant",
"elegant"
],
[
"refined",
"refined#Adjective"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of sophisticated (adjective)",
"Mixed with a foreign or inferior substance; not genuine or pure; adulterated, impure."
],
"links": [
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated#English"
],
[
"Mixed",
"mix#Verb"
],
[
"foreign",
"foreign#Adjective"
],
[
"inferior",
"inferior#Adjective"
],
[
"substance",
"substance#Noun"
],
[
"genuine",
"genuine"
],
[
"pure",
"pure#Adjective"
],
[
"adulterated",
"adulterated#Adjective"
],
[
"impure",
"impure#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Synonym of sophisticated (adjective)",
"(obsolete) Mixed with a foreign or inferior substance; not genuine or pure; adulterated, impure."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of sophisticated (adjective)",
"Of a thing: having its meaning changed in a deceptive or misleading way."
],
"links": [
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated#English"
],
[
"meaning",
"meaning#Noun"
],
[
"changed",
"change#Verb"
],
[
"deceptive",
"deceptive"
],
[
"misleading",
"misleading#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Synonym of sophisticated (adjective)",
"(obsolete) Of a thing: having its meaning changed in a deceptive or misleading way."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [],
"word": "sophisticate"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.