See presume on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for presume meaning in All languages combined (14.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁em-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "presumen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English presumen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "presumer"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman presumer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "praesūmere",
"4": "",
"5": "to take beforehand, anticipate"
},
"expansion": "Latin praesūmere (“to take beforehand, anticipate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "prae-"
},
"expansion": "prae-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sūmere",
"3": "",
"4": "to take"
},
"expansion": "sūmere (“to take”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English presumen, from Anglo-Norman presumer and its source, Latin praesūmere (“to take beforehand, anticipate”), from prae- + sūmere (“to take”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "presumes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "presuming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "presumed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "presumed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "presume (third-person singular simple present presumes, present participle presuming, simple past and past participle presumed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "presumption"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "presumptive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "presumptuous"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I wouldn't presume to tell him how to do his job.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1982 August 21, Sylvia Barren, “Women and the IGA: A History of Struggle”, in Gay Community News, volume 10, number 6, page 3",
"text": "There were no women at the birth of the International Gay Association in Coventry, England in 1978. The men there decided they would like lesbians to join; they would not presume to formulate aims for them but would adjust the organization if and when women joined it.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"With infinitive object: to be so presumptuous as (to do something) without proper authority or permission."
],
"id": "en-presume-en-verb-GJ1PUS46",
"links": [
[
"presumptuous",
"presumptuous"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) With infinitive object: to be so presumptuous as (to do something) without proper authority or permission."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 41 4 5 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 43 5 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Don't make the decision yourself and presume too much.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To perform, do (something) without authority; to lay claim to without permission."
],
"id": "en-presume-en-verb-vjy~CMJF",
"links": [
[
"perform",
"perform"
],
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"lay claim",
"lay claim"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, now rare) To perform, do (something) without authority; to lay claim to without permission."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Paw-prints in the snow allow us to presume a visit from next door's cat.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To assume or suggest to be true (without proof); to take for granted, to suppose."
],
"id": "en-presume-en-verb-SILgkLdA",
"links": [
[
"assume",
"assume"
],
[
"suggest",
"suggest"
],
[
"true",
"true"
],
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"suppose",
"suppose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To assume or suggest to be true (without proof); to take for granted, to suppose."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 3 67 24 5",
"sense": "to assume to be true",
"word": "suppose"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "uste izan"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predpolagam",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "предполагам"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "presumir"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "假設"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiǎshè",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "假设"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiǎdìng",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "假定"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "推測"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuīcè",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "推测"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "veronderstellen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "supozi"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "otaksua"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "présumer"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "supposer"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "annehmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "mutmaßen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "vermuten"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ypothéto",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "υποθέτω"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "feltételez"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "presumere"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"alt": "すいていする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "suitei suru",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "推定する"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"alt": "すいそくする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "suisoku suru",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "推測する"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "geojanghada",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "거장(假定)하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "praesūmō"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "whakahira"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "farz kardan",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "فرض کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "przypuszczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "presumir"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "pressupor"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "presupune"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predpolagátʹ",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "предполага́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predpoložítʹ",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "предположи́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "waza"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "dhania"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "kisia"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "förmoda"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "förutsätta"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prypuskaty",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "припускати"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 77 17 3",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "farẓ karnā",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "فرض کرنا"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011 February 5, John Patterson, The Guardian",
"text": "If we presume that human cloning may one day become a mundane, everyday reality, then maybe it's time to start thinking more positively about our soon-to-arrive genetically engineered pseudo-siblings.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To take as a premise; to assume for the sake of argument."
],
"id": "en-presume-en-verb-RcXofwSk",
"links": [
[
"premise",
"premise"
],
[
"for the sake of argument",
"for the sake of argument"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To take as a premise; to assume for the sake of argument."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1815, Jane Austen, Emma, volume II, chapter 15",
"text": "Emma was not required, by any subsequent discovery, to retract her ill opinion of Mrs. Elton. Her observation had been pretty correct. Such as Mrs. Elton appeared to her on this second interview, such she appeared whenever they met again,—self-important, presuming, familiar, ignorant, and ill-bred.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be presumptuous; with on, upon, to take advantage (of), to take liberties (with)."
],
"id": "en-presume-en-verb-pRZQrbAm",
"links": [
[
"presumptuous",
"presumptuous"
],
[
"on",
"on#English"
],
[
"upon",
"upon#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To be presumptuous; with on, upon, to take advantage (of), to take liberties (with)."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɹɪˈzjuːm/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹiˈz(j)um/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹəˈz(j)um/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹɪˈzjʉːm/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹɪˈʒʉːm/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹɘˈzjʉːm/",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹɘˈʒʉːm/",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-presume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/En-uk-presume.ogg/En-uk-presume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/En-uk-presume.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-presume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/En-us-presume.ogg/En-us-presume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/En-us-presume.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "præsume"
}
],
"word": "presume"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "presume",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "presumere"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present indicative of presumere"
],
"id": "en-presume-it-verb-B95mcpHl",
"links": [
[
"presumere",
"presumere#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "presume"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "presume",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "presumir"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of presumir:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-presume-pt-verb-EQO0n3If",
"links": [
[
"presumir",
"presumir#Portuguese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of presumir:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "presumir"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of presumir:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-presume-pt-verb-wpC6t-72",
"links": [
[
"presumir",
"presumir#Portuguese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of presumir:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "presume"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "presume",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "presumir"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of presumir:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-presume-es-verb-EQO0n3If",
"links": [
[
"presumir",
"presumir#Spanish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of presumir:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "presumir"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of presumir:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-presume-es-verb-wpC6t-72",
"links": [
[
"presumir",
"presumir#Spanish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of presumir:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "presume"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English raising verbs",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁em-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Rhymes:English/uːm",
"Rhymes:English/uːm/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁em-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "presumen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English presumen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "presumer"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman presumer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "praesūmere",
"4": "",
"5": "to take beforehand, anticipate"
},
"expansion": "Latin praesūmere (“to take beforehand, anticipate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "prae-"
},
"expansion": "prae-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sūmere",
"3": "",
"4": "to take"
},
"expansion": "sūmere (“to take”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English presumen, from Anglo-Norman presumer and its source, Latin praesūmere (“to take beforehand, anticipate”), from prae- + sūmere (“to take”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "presumes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "presuming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "presumed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "presumed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "presume (third-person singular simple present presumes, present participle presuming, simple past and past participle presumed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "presumption"
},
{
"word": "presumptive"
},
{
"word": "presumptuous"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I wouldn't presume to tell him how to do his job.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1982 August 21, Sylvia Barren, “Women and the IGA: A History of Struggle”, in Gay Community News, volume 10, number 6, page 3",
"text": "There were no women at the birth of the International Gay Association in Coventry, England in 1978. The men there decided they would like lesbians to join; they would not presume to formulate aims for them but would adjust the organization if and when women joined it.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"With infinitive object: to be so presumptuous as (to do something) without proper authority or permission."
],
"links": [
[
"presumptuous",
"presumptuous"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) With infinitive object: to be so presumptuous as (to do something) without proper authority or permission."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with rare senses",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Don't make the decision yourself and presume too much.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To perform, do (something) without authority; to lay claim to without permission."
],
"links": [
[
"perform",
"perform"
],
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"lay claim",
"lay claim"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, now rare) To perform, do (something) without authority; to lay claim to without permission."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Paw-prints in the snow allow us to presume a visit from next door's cat.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To assume or suggest to be true (without proof); to take for granted, to suppose."
],
"links": [
[
"assume",
"assume"
],
[
"suggest",
"suggest"
],
[
"true",
"true"
],
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"suppose",
"suppose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To assume or suggest to be true (without proof); to take for granted, to suppose."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011 February 5, John Patterson, The Guardian",
"text": "If we presume that human cloning may one day become a mundane, everyday reality, then maybe it's time to start thinking more positively about our soon-to-arrive genetically engineered pseudo-siblings.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To take as a premise; to assume for the sake of argument."
],
"links": [
[
"premise",
"premise"
],
[
"for the sake of argument",
"for the sake of argument"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To take as a premise; to assume for the sake of argument."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1815, Jane Austen, Emma, volume II, chapter 15",
"text": "Emma was not required, by any subsequent discovery, to retract her ill opinion of Mrs. Elton. Her observation had been pretty correct. Such as Mrs. Elton appeared to her on this second interview, such she appeared whenever they met again,—self-important, presuming, familiar, ignorant, and ill-bred.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be presumptuous; with on, upon, to take advantage (of), to take liberties (with)."
],
"links": [
[
"presumptuous",
"presumptuous"
],
[
"on",
"on#English"
],
[
"upon",
"upon#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To be presumptuous; with on, upon, to take advantage (of), to take liberties (with)."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɹɪˈzjuːm/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹiˈz(j)um/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹəˈz(j)um/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹɪˈzjʉːm/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹɪˈʒʉːm/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹɘˈzjʉːm/",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹɘˈʒʉːm/",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-presume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/En-uk-presume.ogg/En-uk-presume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/En-uk-presume.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-presume.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/En-us-presume.ogg/En-us-presume.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/En-us-presume.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "to assume to be true",
"word": "suppose"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "præsume"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "uste izan"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predpolagam",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "предполагам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "presumir"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "假設"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiǎshè",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "假设"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiǎdìng",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "假定"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "推測"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuīcè",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "推测"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "veronderstellen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "supozi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "otaksua"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "présumer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "supposer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "annehmen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "mutmaßen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "vermuten"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ypothéto",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "υποθέτω"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "feltételez"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "presumere"
},
{
"alt": "すいていする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "suitei suru",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "推定する"
},
{
"alt": "すいそくする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "suisoku suru",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "推測する"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "geojanghada",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "거장(假定)하다"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "praesūmō"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "whakahira"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "farz kardan",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "فرض کردن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "przypuszczać"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "presumir"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "pressupor"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "presupune"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predpolagátʹ",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "предполага́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predpoložítʹ",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "предположи́ть"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "waza"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "dhania"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "kisia"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "förmoda"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "förutsätta"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prypuskaty",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "припускати"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "farẓ karnā",
"sense": "to assume to be true, suppose",
"word": "فرض کرنا"
}
],
"word": "presume"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "presume",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian non-lemma forms",
"Italian verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "presumere"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present indicative of presumere"
],
"links": [
[
"presumere",
"presumere#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "presume"
}
{
"categories": [
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese non-lemma forms",
"Portuguese verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "presume",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "presumir"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of presumir:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"presumir",
"presumir#Portuguese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of presumir:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "presumir"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of presumir:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"presumir",
"presumir#Portuguese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of presumir:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "presume"
}
{
"categories": [
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish non-lemma forms",
"Spanish verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "presume",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "presumir"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of presumir:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"presumir",
"presumir#Spanish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of presumir:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "presumir"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of presumir:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"presumir",
"presumir#Spanish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of presumir:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "presume"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.