See presumptive on Wiktionary
{
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "heiress presumptive"
},
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"word": "heir presumptive"
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{
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"2": "upó"
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"2": "ine-pro",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "presumptif"
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"expansion": "Middle English presumptif",
"name": "inh"
},
{
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"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "presumptif"
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"expansion": "Anglo-Norman presumptif",
"name": "der"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "presumptif"
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"expansion": "Middle French presumptif",
"name": "der"
},
{
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"2": "présomptif"
},
"expansion": "French présomptif",
"name": "cog"
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},
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{
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"2": "LL.",
"3": "praesumptivus",
"t": "based on presumption; bold; insolent"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin praesumptivus (“based on presumption; bold; insolent”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "praesūmptus",
"t": "presumed"
},
"expansion": "Latin praesūmptus (“presumed”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁em-",
"t": "to distribute; to take"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁em- (“to distribute; to take”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *upó\nFrom Late Middle English presumptif, presumptijf (“based on presumption”), from Anglo-Norman presumptif and Middle French presumptif, présomptif (“based on presumption; of an heir or heiress: presumed to be entitled to inherit unless someone with a superior entitlement is born; presumptuous”) (modern French présomptif), and directly from their etymon Late Latin praesumptivus (“based on presumption; bold; insolent”), from Latin praesūmptus (“presumed”) + -īvus (suffix forming adjectives). Praesūmptus is the perfect passive participle of praesūmō (“to presume”), from prae- (prefix meaning ‘before; in front’) + sūmō (“to seize, take; to accept, presuppose; to undertake”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁em- (“to distribute; to take”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more presumptive",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most presumptive",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "presumptive (comparative more presumptive, superlative most presumptive)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pre‧sumpt‧ive"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "overpresumption"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "overpresumptuous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "presumable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "presumably"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "presume"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "presumed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "presumedly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "presuming"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "presumingly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "presumingness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "presumption"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "presumption of innocence"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "presumptuous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "presumptuously"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "presumptuousness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unpresumptuous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unpresumptuously"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unpresumptuousness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "supposition"
}
],
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"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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"examples": [
{
"text": "The Queen’s younger brother was the heir presumptive to the throne, until she gave birth to her first child.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1766, William Blackstone, “Of a Title by Descent”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book II (Of the Rights of Things), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 208:",
"text": "[B]y lavv no inheritance can veſt, nor can any perſon be the actual complete heir of another, till the anceſtor is previouſly dead. Nemo eſt haeres viventis [No one is the heir of the living]. Before that time the perſon vvho is next in the line of ſucceſſion is called an heir apparent, or heir preſumptive. […] Heirs preſumptive are ſuch, vvho, if the anceſtor ſhould die immediately, vvould in the preſent circumſtances of things be the heirs; but vvhoſe right of inheritance may be defeated by the contingency of ſome nearer heir being born: as a brother, or nephevv, vvhoſe preſumptive ſucceſſion may be deſtroyed by the birth of a child; or a daugher, vvhoſe preſent hopes may be hereafter cut off by the birth of a ſon. Nay, even if the eſtate hath deſcended, by the death of the ovvner, to ſuch brother, or nephevv, or daughter; in the former caſes the eſtate ſhall be deveſted and taken avvay by the birth of a poſthumous child; and, in the latter, it ſhall alſo be totally deveſted by the birth of a poſthumous ſon.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Based on presumption or conjecture; inferred, likely, presumed.",
"Often postpositive, as in heir presumptive: of an heir or heiress: presumed to be entitled to inherit unless someone with a superior entitlement is born."
],
"id": "en-presumptive-en-adj-2Sg9u1II",
"links": [
[
"Based",
"base#Verb"
],
[
"presumption",
"presumption"
],
[
"conjecture",
"conjecture#Noun"
],
[
"inferred",
"inferred#Adjective"
],
[
"likely",
"likely#Adjective"
],
[
"presumed",
"presumed#Adjective"
],
[
"heir presumptive",
"heir presumptive"
],
[
"heir",
"heir#Noun"
],
[
"heiress",
"heiress"
],
[
"presume",
"presume"
],
[
"entitle",
"entitle"
],
[
"inherit",
"inherit"
],
[
"superior",
"superior#Adjective"
],
[
"entitlement",
"entitlement"
],
[
"born",
"bear#Verb"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "71 10 10 7 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of an heir or heiress: presumed to be entitled to inherit unless someone with a superior entitlement is born",
"word": "oletettava"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 10 10 7 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of an heir or heiress: presumed to be entitled to inherit unless someone with a superior entitlement is born",
"word": "oletettu"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 10 10 7 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of an heir or heiress: presumed to be entitled to inherit unless someone with a superior entitlement is born",
"word": "présomptif"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Embryology",
"orig": "en:Embryology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Developmental biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Based on presumption or conjecture; inferred, likely, presumed.",
"Of a cell or tissue: which has yet to differentiate, but is presumed to develop into a particular body part."
],
"id": "en-presumptive-en-adj-QrUn9OkR",
"links": [
[
"Based",
"base#Verb"
],
[
"presumption",
"presumption"
],
[
"conjecture",
"conjecture#Noun"
],
[
"inferred",
"inferred#Adjective"
],
[
"likely",
"likely#Adjective"
],
[
"presumed",
"presumed#Adjective"
],
[
"embryology",
"embryology"
],
[
"cell",
"cell#Noun"
],
[
"tissue",
"tissue#Noun"
],
[
"differentiate",
"differentiate#Verb"
],
[
"develop",
"develop"
],
[
"particular",
"particular#Adjective"
],
[
"body part",
"body part"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Based on presumption or conjecture; inferred, likely, presumed.",
"(embryology) Of a cell or tissue: which has yet to differentiate, but is presumed to develop into a particular body part."
],
"topics": [
"embryology",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 91 3 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a cell or tissue: which has yet to differentiate, but is presumed to develop into a particular body part",
"word": "alustava"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "By late May, he was already considered his party’s presumptive nominee.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1753 (indicated as 1754), [Samuel Richardson], “Letter LII. Lady G[randison]. To Miss Lucy Selby.”, in The History of Sir Charles Grandison. […], 2nd edition, volume VI, London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; [a]nd sold by C. Hitch and L. Hawes, […], →OCLC, page 263:",
"text": "Hovv delightfully vvould your time have been taken up vvith the appeals of ſcolding vvives, forſaken damſels and vvitches preſumptive!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1818 July 25, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter IV, in Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume I, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, pages 121–122:",
"text": "It's a beautiful point of presumptive murder, and there's been nane like it in the Justiciar Court since the case of Luckie Smith the howdie, that suffered in the year saxteen hundred and seventy-nine.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Based on presumption or conjecture; inferred, likely, presumed."
],
"id": "en-presumptive-en-adj-EHvMu-D3",
"links": [
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"Based",
"base#Verb"
],
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"presumption",
"presumption"
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[
"conjecture",
"conjecture#Noun"
],
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"inferred",
"inferred#Adjective"
],
[
"likely",
"likely#Adjective"
],
[
"presumed",
"presumed#Adjective"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Forgive me for being presumptive, but aren’t you and Mark engaged?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1646, Thomas Browne, “A Digression concerning Blacknesse”, in Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], London: […] T[homas] H[arper] for Edward Dod, […], →OCLC, 6th book, page 334:",
"text": "There being therefore tvvo opinions repugnant unto each other, it may not be preſumptive or skepticall in me to doubt of both, and becauſe vve remaine imperfect in the generall theory of Colours, vvee ſhall deliver at preſent a ſhort diſcovery of blacknes, vvherein although perhaps vve afford no greater ſatisfaction then others, yet ſhall our attempts exceed any; for vvee ſhall empirically and ſenſibly diſcourſe hereof, deducing the cauſes of Blackneſſe from ſuch originalls in Nature, as vve doe generally obſerve things are denigrated by Art: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1748, [Tobias Smollett], chapter LIX, in The Adventures of Roderick Random. […], volume II, London: […] [William Strahan] for J[ohn] Osborn […], →OCLC, page 258:",
"text": "The inſolence of your reply to me yeſterday, in the long-room, I might have overlooked, had not your preſumptive emulation in a much more intereſting affair, and a diſcovery vvhich I made this morning, concurred in perſuading me to chaſtiſe your audacity vvith my ſvvord.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of presumptuous (“making unwarranted presumptions or assumptions, often out of arrogance or excessive self-confidence, and thus exceeding what is appropriate or right”)"
],
"id": "en-presumptive-en-adj-RTtmkpCZ",
"links": [
[
"presumptuous",
"presumptuous#English"
],
[
"making",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"unwarranted",
"unwarranted"
],
[
"assumption",
"assumption"
],
[
"arrogance",
"arrogance"
],
[
"excessive",
"excessive"
],
[
"self-confidence",
"self-confidence"
],
[
"exceed",
"exceed"
],
[
"appropriate",
"appropriate#Adjective"
],
[
"right",
"right#Adjective"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "presuming"
},
{
"extra": "making unwarranted presumptions or assumptions, often out of arrogance or excessive self-confidence, and thus exceeding what is appropriate or right",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "presumptuous"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "en:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1766, William Blackstone, “Of the Title to Things Real, in General”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book II (Of the Rights of Things), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 197:",
"text": "The perſon in this ſituation [having a mere right of property without possession or the right of possession of the property] may have the true ultimate property of the lands in himſelf: but by the intervention of certain circumſtances, either by his ovvn negligence, the ſolemn act of his anceſtor, or the determination of a court of juſtice, the preſumptive evidence of that right is ſtrongly in favour of his antagoniſt; vvho has thereby obtained the abſolute right of poſſeſſion.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1850, Herman Melville, “Edging Away”, in White Jacket; or, The World in a Man-of-War, volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, pages 182–183:",
"text": "Though we had seen no land since leaving Calloa, Cape Horn was said to be somewhere to the West of us; and though there was no positive evidence of the fact, the weather encountered might be accounted pretty good presumptive proof.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly in presumptive evidence: providing a reasonable basis for a certain presumption or conclusion to be drawn."
],
"id": "en-presumptive-en-adj-bXA4snZ6",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"providing",
"provide"
],
[
"reasonable",
"reasonable"
],
[
"basis",
"basis"
],
[
"conclusion",
"conclusion"
],
[
"drawn",
"draw#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often law) Chiefly in presumptive evidence: providing a reasonable basis for a certain presumption or conclusion to be drawn."
],
"tags": [
"often"
],
"topics": [
"law"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 9 8 6 69",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "providing a reasonable basis for a certain presumption or conclusion to be drawn",
"word": "todennäköinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 9 8 6 69",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "providing a reasonable basis for a certain presumption or conclusion to be drawn",
"word": "ilmeinen"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɹɪˈzʌm(p)tɪv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-presumptive.wav",
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},
{
"ipa": "/pɹiˈzʌm(p)tɪv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹə-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predpolagaem",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "предполагаем"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "presumptiu"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "vermoedelijk"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "verondersteld"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "oletettu"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "todennäköinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "présomptif"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "présumé"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "präsumtiv"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "erwartet"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "mutmaßlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "voraussichtlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "wahrscheinlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "mechoar",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "משוער"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sandigdh",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "संदिग्ध"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "presuntivo"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "presuntivo"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "presumível"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "prezumtiv"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predpolagájemyj",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "предполага́емый"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 31 31 5 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "presuntivo"
}
],
"word": "presumptive"
}
{
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"args": {
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"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "presumptive",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "presumptiv"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite natural masculine singular of presumptiv"
],
"id": "en-presumptive-sv-adj-vbEfLRm3",
"links": [
[
"presumptiv",
"presumptiv#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"natural",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "presumptive"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁em-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preh₂-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *upó",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ive",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "heiress presumptive"
},
{
"word": "heir presumptive"
},
{
"word": "presumptively"
},
{
"word": "presumptiveness"
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "upó"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *upó",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*preh₂-",
"4": "*h₁em-"
},
"expansion": "",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "presumptif"
},
"expansion": "Middle English presumptif",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "presumptif"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman presumptif",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "presumptif"
},
"expansion": "Middle French presumptif",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "présomptif"
},
"expansion": "French présomptif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "praesumptivus",
"t": "based on presumption; bold; insolent"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin praesumptivus (“based on presumption; bold; insolent”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "praesūmptus",
"t": "presumed"
},
"expansion": "Latin praesūmptus (“presumed”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
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{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
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"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perfect"
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"expansion": "perfect",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "passive"
},
"expansion": "passive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "prefix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁em-",
"t": "to distribute; to take"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁em- (“to distribute; to take”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *upó\nFrom Late Middle English presumptif, presumptijf (“based on presumption”), from Anglo-Norman presumptif and Middle French presumptif, présomptif (“based on presumption; of an heir or heiress: presumed to be entitled to inherit unless someone with a superior entitlement is born; presumptuous”) (modern French présomptif), and directly from their etymon Late Latin praesumptivus (“based on presumption; bold; insolent”), from Latin praesūmptus (“presumed”) + -īvus (suffix forming adjectives). Praesūmptus is the perfect passive participle of praesūmō (“to presume”), from prae- (prefix meaning ‘before; in front’) + sūmō (“to seize, take; to accept, presuppose; to undertake”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁em- (“to distribute; to take”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more presumptive",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most presumptive",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "presumptive (comparative more presumptive, superlative most presumptive)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pre‧sumpt‧ive"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "overpresumption"
},
{
"word": "overpresumptuous"
},
{
"word": "presumable"
},
{
"word": "presumably"
},
{
"word": "presume"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "presumed"
},
{
"word": "presumedly"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "presuming"
},
{
"word": "presumingly"
},
{
"word": "presumingness"
},
{
"word": "presumption"
},
{
"word": "presumption of innocence"
},
{
"word": "presumptuous"
},
{
"word": "presumptuously"
},
{
"word": "presumptuousness"
},
{
"word": "unpresumptuous"
},
{
"word": "unpresumptuously"
},
{
"word": "unpresumptuousness"
},
{
"word": "supposition"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The Queen’s younger brother was the heir presumptive to the throne, until she gave birth to her first child.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1766, William Blackstone, “Of a Title by Descent”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book II (Of the Rights of Things), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 208:",
"text": "[B]y lavv no inheritance can veſt, nor can any perſon be the actual complete heir of another, till the anceſtor is previouſly dead. Nemo eſt haeres viventis [No one is the heir of the living]. Before that time the perſon vvho is next in the line of ſucceſſion is called an heir apparent, or heir preſumptive. […] Heirs preſumptive are ſuch, vvho, if the anceſtor ſhould die immediately, vvould in the preſent circumſtances of things be the heirs; but vvhoſe right of inheritance may be defeated by the contingency of ſome nearer heir being born: as a brother, or nephevv, vvhoſe preſumptive ſucceſſion may be deſtroyed by the birth of a child; or a daugher, vvhoſe preſent hopes may be hereafter cut off by the birth of a ſon. Nay, even if the eſtate hath deſcended, by the death of the ovvner, to ſuch brother, or nephevv, or daughter; in the former caſes the eſtate ſhall be deveſted and taken avvay by the birth of a poſthumous child; and, in the latter, it ſhall alſo be totally deveſted by the birth of a poſthumous ſon.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Based on presumption or conjecture; inferred, likely, presumed.",
"Often postpositive, as in heir presumptive: of an heir or heiress: presumed to be entitled to inherit unless someone with a superior entitlement is born."
],
"links": [
[
"Based",
"base#Verb"
],
[
"presumption",
"presumption"
],
[
"conjecture",
"conjecture#Noun"
],
[
"inferred",
"inferred#Adjective"
],
[
"likely",
"likely#Adjective"
],
[
"presumed",
"presumed#Adjective"
],
[
"heir presumptive",
"heir presumptive"
],
[
"heir",
"heir#Noun"
],
[
"heiress",
"heiress"
],
[
"presume",
"presume"
],
[
"entitle",
"entitle"
],
[
"inherit",
"inherit"
],
[
"superior",
"superior#Adjective"
],
[
"entitlement",
"entitlement"
],
[
"born",
"bear#Verb"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Embryology"
],
"glosses": [
"Based on presumption or conjecture; inferred, likely, presumed.",
"Of a cell or tissue: which has yet to differentiate, but is presumed to develop into a particular body part."
],
"links": [
[
"Based",
"base#Verb"
],
[
"presumption",
"presumption"
],
[
"conjecture",
"conjecture#Noun"
],
[
"inferred",
"inferred#Adjective"
],
[
"likely",
"likely#Adjective"
],
[
"presumed",
"presumed#Adjective"
],
[
"embryology",
"embryology"
],
[
"cell",
"cell#Noun"
],
[
"tissue",
"tissue#Noun"
],
[
"differentiate",
"differentiate#Verb"
],
[
"develop",
"develop"
],
[
"particular",
"particular#Adjective"
],
[
"body part",
"body part"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Based on presumption or conjecture; inferred, likely, presumed.",
"(embryology) Of a cell or tissue: which has yet to differentiate, but is presumed to develop into a particular body part."
],
"topics": [
"embryology",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "By late May, he was already considered his party’s presumptive nominee.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1753 (indicated as 1754), [Samuel Richardson], “Letter LII. Lady G[randison]. To Miss Lucy Selby.”, in The History of Sir Charles Grandison. […], 2nd edition, volume VI, London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; [a]nd sold by C. Hitch and L. Hawes, […], →OCLC, page 263:",
"text": "Hovv delightfully vvould your time have been taken up vvith the appeals of ſcolding vvives, forſaken damſels and vvitches preſumptive!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1818 July 25, Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter IV, in Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume I, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, pages 121–122:",
"text": "It's a beautiful point of presumptive murder, and there's been nane like it in the Justiciar Court since the case of Luckie Smith the howdie, that suffered in the year saxteen hundred and seventy-nine.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Based on presumption or conjecture; inferred, likely, presumed."
],
"links": [
[
"Based",
"base#Verb"
],
[
"presumption",
"presumption"
],
[
"conjecture",
"conjecture#Noun"
],
[
"inferred",
"inferred#Adjective"
],
[
"likely",
"likely#Adjective"
],
[
"presumed",
"presumed#Adjective"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Forgive me for being presumptive, but aren’t you and Mark engaged?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1646, Thomas Browne, “A Digression concerning Blacknesse”, in Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], London: […] T[homas] H[arper] for Edward Dod, […], →OCLC, 6th book, page 334:",
"text": "There being therefore tvvo opinions repugnant unto each other, it may not be preſumptive or skepticall in me to doubt of both, and becauſe vve remaine imperfect in the generall theory of Colours, vvee ſhall deliver at preſent a ſhort diſcovery of blacknes, vvherein although perhaps vve afford no greater ſatisfaction then others, yet ſhall our attempts exceed any; for vvee ſhall empirically and ſenſibly diſcourſe hereof, deducing the cauſes of Blackneſſe from ſuch originalls in Nature, as vve doe generally obſerve things are denigrated by Art: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1748, [Tobias Smollett], chapter LIX, in The Adventures of Roderick Random. […], volume II, London: […] [William Strahan] for J[ohn] Osborn […], →OCLC, page 258:",
"text": "The inſolence of your reply to me yeſterday, in the long-room, I might have overlooked, had not your preſumptive emulation in a much more intereſting affair, and a diſcovery vvhich I made this morning, concurred in perſuading me to chaſtiſe your audacity vvith my ſvvord.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of presumptuous (“making unwarranted presumptions or assumptions, often out of arrogance or excessive self-confidence, and thus exceeding what is appropriate or right”)"
],
"links": [
[
"presumptuous",
"presumptuous#English"
],
[
"making",
"make#Verb"
],
[
"unwarranted",
"unwarranted"
],
[
"assumption",
"assumption"
],
[
"arrogance",
"arrogance"
],
[
"excessive",
"excessive"
],
[
"self-confidence",
"self-confidence"
],
[
"exceed",
"exceed"
],
[
"appropriate",
"appropriate#Adjective"
],
[
"right",
"right#Adjective"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "presuming"
},
{
"extra": "making unwarranted presumptions or assumptions, often out of arrogance or excessive self-confidence, and thus exceeding what is appropriate or right",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "presumptuous"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Law"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1766, William Blackstone, “Of the Title to Things Real, in General”, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book II (Of the Rights of Things), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 197:",
"text": "The perſon in this ſituation [having a mere right of property without possession or the right of possession of the property] may have the true ultimate property of the lands in himſelf: but by the intervention of certain circumſtances, either by his ovvn negligence, the ſolemn act of his anceſtor, or the determination of a court of juſtice, the preſumptive evidence of that right is ſtrongly in favour of his antagoniſt; vvho has thereby obtained the abſolute right of poſſeſſion.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1850, Herman Melville, “Edging Away”, in White Jacket; or, The World in a Man-of-War, volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, pages 182–183:",
"text": "Though we had seen no land since leaving Calloa, Cape Horn was said to be somewhere to the West of us; and though there was no positive evidence of the fact, the weather encountered might be accounted pretty good presumptive proof.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly in presumptive evidence: providing a reasonable basis for a certain presumption or conclusion to be drawn."
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"providing",
"provide"
],
[
"reasonable",
"reasonable"
],
[
"basis",
"basis"
],
[
"conclusion",
"conclusion"
],
[
"drawn",
"draw#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often law) Chiefly in presumptive evidence: providing a reasonable basis for a certain presumption or conclusion to be drawn."
],
"tags": [
"often"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɹɪˈzʌm(p)tɪv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-presumptive.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/15/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-presumptive.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-presumptive.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"ipa": "/pɹiˈzʌm(p)tɪv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɹə-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predpolagaem",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "предполагаем"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "presumptiu"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "vermoedelijk"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "verondersteld"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "oletettu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "todennäköinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "présomptif"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "présumé"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "präsumtiv"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "erwartet"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "mutmaßlich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "voraussichtlich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "wahrscheinlich"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "mechoar",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "משוער"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sandigdh",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "संदिग्ध"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "presuntivo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "presuntivo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "presumível"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "prezumtiv"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predpolagájemyj",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "предполага́емый"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "based on presumption or conjecture — see also presumed",
"word": "presuntivo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of an heir or heiress: presumed to be entitled to inherit unless someone with a superior entitlement is born",
"word": "oletettava"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of an heir or heiress: presumed to be entitled to inherit unless someone with a superior entitlement is born",
"word": "oletettu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of an heir or heiress: presumed to be entitled to inherit unless someone with a superior entitlement is born",
"word": "présomptif"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a cell or tissue: which has yet to differentiate, but is presumed to develop into a particular body part",
"word": "alustava"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "providing a reasonable basis for a certain presumption or conclusion to be drawn",
"word": "todennäköinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "providing a reasonable basis for a certain presumption or conclusion to be drawn",
"word": "ilmeinen"
}
],
"word": "presumptive"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "presumptive",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish adjective forms",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish non-lemma forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "presumptiv"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite natural masculine singular of presumptiv"
],
"links": [
[
"presumptiv",
"presumptiv#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"natural",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "presumptive"
}
Download raw JSONL data for presumptive meaning in All languages combined (18.0kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''Based on presumption or conjec'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"presumptive"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "presumptive",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (ee63ee9 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.