See pommel on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for pommel meaning in All languages combined (18.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pommel horse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pommel foot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pommel slicker"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "pomel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English pomel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "pomel"
},
"expansion": "Old French pomel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "pomellum"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin pomellum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pumellum"
},
"expansion": "pumellum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*pomellum",
"t": "ball, knob"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *pomellum (“ball, knob”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "pōmum",
"t": "apple"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin pōmum (“apple”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "pommeau"
},
"expansion": "French pommeau",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "pomo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish pomo",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English pomel, from Old French pomel and Medieval Latin pomellum, pumellum, presumedly via Vulgar Latin *pomellum (“ball, knob”), the diminutive of Late Latin pōmum (“apple”). Compare French pommeau and Spanish pomo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pommels",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pommel (plural pommels)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pom‧mel"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1830, Charles Thompson, Rules for Bad Horsemen, 2nd edition",
"text": "But, if it does so sit, it is plain that the pommel must rise sufficiently to secure the withers from pressure; therefore it follows, that a horse whose withers are higher than common, (a well-built hunter for example,) requires a pommel higher by so much as he excels the generality of horses.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1990, Richard W. Bulliet, The Camel and the Wheel",
"text": "In the shoulder saddle, pommel and cantle are inclined toward each other at the bottom and away from each other at the top.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Moira C. Reeve, The Original Horse Bible",
"text": "An owner fits four fingers underneath the saddle's pommel, testing the fit of the saddle.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The upper front brow of a saddle."
],
"id": "en-pommel-en-noun-PMz6dQ4N",
"links": [
[
"upper",
"upper"
],
[
"front",
"front"
],
[
"brow",
"brow"
],
[
"saddle",
"saddle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "swell"
},
{
"word": "fork"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 1 0 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lǎk na sedlo",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"word": "лък на седло"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 1 0 1 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hruška"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 1 0 1 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"word": "přední rozsocha"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 1 0 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"word": "nuppi"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 1 0 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"word": "etukaari"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 1 0 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pommeau"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 1 0 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Vorderzwiesel"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 1 0 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sattelknauf"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 1 0 1 1",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qas",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"word": "қас"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 1 0 1 1",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "büüreg",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"word": "бүүрэг"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 1 0 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "łęk przedni"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 1 0 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "perédnjaja luká",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пере́дняя лука́"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 1 0 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "borrén"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 1 0 1 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sadelknapp"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 43 10 4 33 7",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fencing",
"orig": "en:Fencing",
"parents": [
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 29 36 7 22 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Swords",
"orig": "en:Swords",
"parents": [
"Weapons",
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1867, Ernest George Ravenstein, The gymnasium and its fittings",
"text": "The pommels, of which two sets must be provided, fit into these incisions.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1970, Dennis Keith Stanley, Gymnastics for women",
"text": "Men use the pommels on the horse for side horse competition, and remove them for long horse vaulting. Women originally used the side horse with the pommels, but later the pommels were removed.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2003, Dale Mood, Sports and Recreational Activities",
"text": "Jahn is credited with introducing the parallel bars, the horizontal bar, the side horse with pommels, and the vaulting buck.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A rounded knob or handle.",
"Either of the rounded handles on a pommel horse."
],
"id": "en-pommel-en-noun-GX0bfh-K",
"links": [
[
"knob",
"knob#English"
],
[
"handle",
"handle#English"
],
[
"round",
"round"
],
[
"handle",
"handle"
],
[
"pommel horse",
"pommel horse"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 29 36 7 22 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Swords",
"orig": "en:Swords",
"parents": [
"Weapons",
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Holonyms: haft, hilt"
},
{
"ref": "1884, Sir Richard Francis Burton, The Book of the Sword",
"text": "The pommel is either a cone of metal or a crutch with a whorl ending either arm.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1929, Bashford Dean, Catalogue of European Daggers",
"text": "Pommel bilobed, overlaid with four acanthus leaves, and provided with small button-shaped eminences at tips of lobes and at apex.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Marko Aleksic, Medieval Swords from Southeastern Europe",
"text": "There is a possibility that pommel was only decorated on the occasion of his coronation in 1209 but I take as more probably that complete pommel was made at that time and added to the tang of a blade, which is undoubtedly earlier.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A rounded knob or handle.",
"The knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword or dagger."
],
"id": "en-pommel-en-noun-dKZzB~BT",
"links": [
[
"knob",
"knob#English"
],
[
"handle",
"handle#English"
],
[
"knob",
"knob"
],
[
"hilt",
"hilt"
],
[
"edge",
"edge"
],
[
"weapon",
"weapon"
],
[
"sword",
"sword"
],
[
"dagger",
"dagger"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 10 82 5 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hruška"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 10 82 5 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sværdknap"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 10 82 5 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "knap"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 10 82 5 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"word": "ponsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 10 82 5 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pommeau"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 10 82 5 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Knauf"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 10 82 5 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pomo"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 10 82 5 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "peta",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пета"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 10 82 5 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "jabolčica",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "јаболчица"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 10 82 5 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naveršije",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"word": "навершие"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 10 82 5 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "svärdsknapp"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 10 82 5 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "knapp"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005, Susan T. Stevens, Bir Ftouha: a pilgrimage church complex at Carthage",
"text": "One fragment of pillar had a pommel finial with a mortise, indicating that it once held a metal object, perhaps a cross.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, M. Stephen Miller, Inspired Innovations: A Celebration of Shaker Ingenuity",
"text": "Yet each community had a turning (pommel or finial) at the top of the post whose shape distinguished it from the work of other communities. At New Lebanon, the decorative pommel varied little over the years.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Gareth Knight, The Book of Melusine of Lusignan in History, Legend and Romance",
"text": "Five or six years after Mèlusine had departed, there began to appear, on the last day of August, a great hand that removed the pommel from the Poitevin Tower and pulled at it so strongly that it broke a great part of the roof.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A rounded knob or handle.",
"A knob forming the finial of a turret or pavilion."
],
"id": "en-pommel-en-noun-0SgbvTDr",
"links": [
[
"knob",
"knob#English"
],
[
"handle",
"handle#English"
],
[
"finial",
"finial"
],
[
"turret",
"turret"
],
[
"pavilion",
"pavilion"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "en:Sports",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 9 7 8 70 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 6 9 6 73 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 29 36 7 22 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Swords",
"orig": "en:Swords",
"parents": [
"Weapons",
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 30 8 8 42 7",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Horse tack",
"orig": "en:Horse tack",
"parents": [
"Animal riding",
"Horses",
"Tools",
"Transport",
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Fundamental",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1871, Edmund Routledge, Routledge's Every Boy's Annual",
"text": "The player, armed with a pommel, stands from two to three feet from the spell, places a knur in the cup which is held down by the rack.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1886, William Smith, Morley: Ancient and Modern",
"text": "The commonest method of playing the game, by the smaller boys of the village, was with a \"sendstick,\" or pommel, and a wooden spell with a hole in one end to place the knur, which, when struck \"tip-cat\" like at the other end, threw the knur up to be struck at.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1911, The Encyclopaedia of sport & games, volume 3",
"text": "Next, the spring of the spell, at the end of which is a small brass cup to hold the knur, is adjusted by thumbscrews, so that when released by a touch of the pommel on the trigger, it will toss the knur a distance of six feet forward.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The bat used in the game of knurr and spell or trap ball."
],
"id": "en-pommel-en-noun-oHsIw~qy",
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"bat",
"bat#English"
],
[
"knurr and spell",
"knurr and spell#English"
],
[
"trap ball",
"trap ball#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports, obsolete) The bat used in the game of knurr and spell or trap ball."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɒ.məl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑ.məl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒməl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pommel.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pommel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pommel.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pommel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pommel.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pummel"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 33 33 33 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "round handle or knob",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hruška"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 33 33 33 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "round handle or knob",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pommel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 33 33 33 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "round handle or knob",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Knauf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 33 33 33 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "round handle or knob",
"word": "gomb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 33 33 33 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "jabolčica",
"sense": "round handle or knob",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "јаболчица"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 33 33 33 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "round handle or knob",
"word": "castão"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 33 33 33 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "round handle or knob",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pomo"
}
],
"word": "pommel"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "pomel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English pomel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "pomel"
},
"expansion": "Old French pomel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "pomellum"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin pomellum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pumellum"
},
"expansion": "pumellum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*pomellum",
"t": "ball, knob"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *pomellum (“ball, knob”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "pōmum",
"t": "apple"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin pōmum (“apple”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "pommeau"
},
"expansion": "French pommeau",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "pomo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish pomo",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English pomel, from Old French pomel and Medieval Latin pomellum, pumellum, presumedly via Vulgar Latin *pomellum (“ball, knob”), the diminutive of Late Latin pōmum (“apple”). Compare French pommeau and Spanish pomo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pommels",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pommelling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pommeling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pommelled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "pommelled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "pommeled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "pommeled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "++",
"past2": "pommeled",
"pres_ptc2": "pommeling"
},
"expansion": "pommel (third-person singular simple present pommels, present participle pommelling or pommeling, simple past and past participle pommelled or pommeled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pom‧mel"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bepommel"
},
{
"word": "pommeller"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1843, Charles Dickens, A Christmas Carol",
"text": "The scaling him with chairs for ladders to dive into his pockets, despoil him of brown-paper parcels, hold on tight by his cravat, hug him round his neck, pommel his back, and kick his legs in irrepressible affection!",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1851, Herman Melville, “37”, in Moby Dick",
"text": "I will not say as schoolboys do to bullies—Take some one of your own size; don’t pommel me! No, ye’ve knocked me down, and I am up again; but ye have run and hidden.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Dan Alon, Munich Memoir",
"text": "I began to fight him, pommeling him with my fists, screaming at him, all the while he was yelling, “Dani, it's me, Dani, it's your brother. It's Yoram.”",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pound or beat."
],
"id": "en-pommel-en-verb-yLsuDiXz",
"links": [
[
"pound",
"pound"
],
[
"beat",
"beat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To pound or beat."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "pummel"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čukam",
"sense": "to pound or beat",
"word": "чукам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razčukvam",
"sense": "to pound or beat",
"word": "разчуквам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to pound or beat",
"word": "aframmelen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to pound or beat",
"word": "aftuigen"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to pound or beat",
"word": "gread"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɒ.məl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑ.məl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒməl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pommel.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pommel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pommel.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pommel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pommel.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pummel"
}
],
"word": "pommel"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒməl",
"Rhymes:English/ɒməl/2 syllables",
"en:Fencing",
"en:Horse tack",
"en:Swords"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pommel horse"
},
{
"word": "pommel foot"
},
{
"word": "pommel slicker"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "pomel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English pomel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "pomel"
},
"expansion": "Old French pomel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "pomellum"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin pomellum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pumellum"
},
"expansion": "pumellum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*pomellum",
"t": "ball, knob"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *pomellum (“ball, knob”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "pōmum",
"t": "apple"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin pōmum (“apple”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "pommeau"
},
"expansion": "French pommeau",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "pomo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish pomo",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English pomel, from Old French pomel and Medieval Latin pomellum, pumellum, presumedly via Vulgar Latin *pomellum (“ball, knob”), the diminutive of Late Latin pōmum (“apple”). Compare French pommeau and Spanish pomo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pommels",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pommel (plural pommels)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pom‧mel"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1830, Charles Thompson, Rules for Bad Horsemen, 2nd edition",
"text": "But, if it does so sit, it is plain that the pommel must rise sufficiently to secure the withers from pressure; therefore it follows, that a horse whose withers are higher than common, (a well-built hunter for example,) requires a pommel higher by so much as he excels the generality of horses.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1990, Richard W. Bulliet, The Camel and the Wheel",
"text": "In the shoulder saddle, pommel and cantle are inclined toward each other at the bottom and away from each other at the top.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Moira C. Reeve, The Original Horse Bible",
"text": "An owner fits four fingers underneath the saddle's pommel, testing the fit of the saddle.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The upper front brow of a saddle."
],
"links": [
[
"upper",
"upper"
],
[
"front",
"front"
],
[
"brow",
"brow"
],
[
"saddle",
"saddle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "swell"
},
{
"word": "fork"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1867, Ernest George Ravenstein, The gymnasium and its fittings",
"text": "The pommels, of which two sets must be provided, fit into these incisions.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1970, Dennis Keith Stanley, Gymnastics for women",
"text": "Men use the pommels on the horse for side horse competition, and remove them for long horse vaulting. Women originally used the side horse with the pommels, but later the pommels were removed.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2003, Dale Mood, Sports and Recreational Activities",
"text": "Jahn is credited with introducing the parallel bars, the horizontal bar, the side horse with pommels, and the vaulting buck.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A rounded knob or handle.",
"Either of the rounded handles on a pommel horse."
],
"links": [
[
"knob",
"knob#English"
],
[
"handle",
"handle#English"
],
[
"round",
"round"
],
[
"handle",
"handle"
],
[
"pommel horse",
"pommel horse"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Holonyms: haft, hilt"
},
{
"ref": "1884, Sir Richard Francis Burton, The Book of the Sword",
"text": "The pommel is either a cone of metal or a crutch with a whorl ending either arm.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1929, Bashford Dean, Catalogue of European Daggers",
"text": "Pommel bilobed, overlaid with four acanthus leaves, and provided with small button-shaped eminences at tips of lobes and at apex.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Marko Aleksic, Medieval Swords from Southeastern Europe",
"text": "There is a possibility that pommel was only decorated on the occasion of his coronation in 1209 but I take as more probably that complete pommel was made at that time and added to the tang of a blade, which is undoubtedly earlier.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A rounded knob or handle.",
"The knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword or dagger."
],
"links": [
[
"knob",
"knob#English"
],
[
"handle",
"handle#English"
],
[
"knob",
"knob"
],
[
"hilt",
"hilt"
],
[
"edge",
"edge"
],
[
"weapon",
"weapon"
],
[
"sword",
"sword"
],
[
"dagger",
"dagger"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005, Susan T. Stevens, Bir Ftouha: a pilgrimage church complex at Carthage",
"text": "One fragment of pillar had a pommel finial with a mortise, indicating that it once held a metal object, perhaps a cross.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, M. Stephen Miller, Inspired Innovations: A Celebration of Shaker Ingenuity",
"text": "Yet each community had a turning (pommel or finial) at the top of the post whose shape distinguished it from the work of other communities. At New Lebanon, the decorative pommel varied little over the years.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Gareth Knight, The Book of Melusine of Lusignan in History, Legend and Romance",
"text": "Five or six years after Mèlusine had departed, there began to appear, on the last day of August, a great hand that removed the pommel from the Poitevin Tower and pulled at it so strongly that it broke a great part of the roof.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A rounded knob or handle.",
"A knob forming the finial of a turret or pavilion."
],
"links": [
[
"knob",
"knob#English"
],
[
"handle",
"handle#English"
],
[
"finial",
"finial"
],
[
"turret",
"turret"
],
[
"pavilion",
"pavilion"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Sports"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1871, Edmund Routledge, Routledge's Every Boy's Annual",
"text": "The player, armed with a pommel, stands from two to three feet from the spell, places a knur in the cup which is held down by the rack.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1886, William Smith, Morley: Ancient and Modern",
"text": "The commonest method of playing the game, by the smaller boys of the village, was with a \"sendstick,\" or pommel, and a wooden spell with a hole in one end to place the knur, which, when struck \"tip-cat\" like at the other end, threw the knur up to be struck at.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1911, The Encyclopaedia of sport & games, volume 3",
"text": "Next, the spring of the spell, at the end of which is a small brass cup to hold the knur, is adjusted by thumbscrews, so that when released by a touch of the pommel on the trigger, it will toss the knur a distance of six feet forward.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The bat used in the game of knurr and spell or trap ball."
],
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"bat",
"bat#English"
],
[
"knurr and spell",
"knurr and spell#English"
],
[
"trap ball",
"trap ball#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports, obsolete) The bat used in the game of knurr and spell or trap ball."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɒ.məl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑ.məl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒməl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pommel.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pommel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pommel.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pommel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pommel.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pummel"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lǎk na sedlo",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"word": "лък на седло"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hruška"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"word": "přední rozsocha"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"word": "nuppi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"word": "etukaari"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pommeau"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Vorderzwiesel"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sattelknauf"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qas",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"word": "қас"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "büüreg",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"word": "бүүрэг"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "łęk przedni"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "perédnjaja luká",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пере́дняя лука́"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "borrén"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "upper front brow of a saddle",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sadelknapp"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "round handle or knob",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hruška"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "round handle or knob",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pommel"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "round handle or knob",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Knauf"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "round handle or knob",
"word": "gomb"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "jabolčica",
"sense": "round handle or knob",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "јаболчица"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "round handle or knob",
"word": "castão"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "round handle or knob",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pomo"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hruška"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sværdknap"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "knap"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"word": "ponsi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pommeau"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Knauf"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pomo"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "peta",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пета"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "jabolčica",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "јаболчица"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naveršije",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"word": "навершие"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "svärdsknapp"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "knob on the hilt of an edged weapon such as a sword",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "knapp"
}
],
"word": "pommel"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒməl",
"Rhymes:English/ɒməl/2 syllables",
"en:Fencing",
"en:Horse tack",
"en:Swords"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bepommel"
},
{
"word": "pommeller"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "pomel"
},
"expansion": "Middle English pomel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "pomel"
},
"expansion": "Old French pomel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "pomellum"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin pomellum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pumellum"
},
"expansion": "pumellum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*pomellum",
"t": "ball, knob"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *pomellum (“ball, knob”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "pōmum",
"t": "apple"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin pōmum (“apple”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "pommeau"
},
"expansion": "French pommeau",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "pomo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish pomo",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English pomel, from Old French pomel and Medieval Latin pomellum, pumellum, presumedly via Vulgar Latin *pomellum (“ball, knob”), the diminutive of Late Latin pōmum (“apple”). Compare French pommeau and Spanish pomo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pommels",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pommelling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pommeling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pommelled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "pommelled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "pommeled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "pommeled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "++",
"past2": "pommeled",
"pres_ptc2": "pommeling"
},
"expansion": "pommel (third-person singular simple present pommels, present participle pommelling or pommeling, simple past and past participle pommelled or pommeled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pom‧mel"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "pummel"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1843, Charles Dickens, A Christmas Carol",
"text": "The scaling him with chairs for ladders to dive into his pockets, despoil him of brown-paper parcels, hold on tight by his cravat, hug him round his neck, pommel his back, and kick his legs in irrepressible affection!",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1851, Herman Melville, “37”, in Moby Dick",
"text": "I will not say as schoolboys do to bullies—Take some one of your own size; don’t pommel me! No, ye’ve knocked me down, and I am up again; but ye have run and hidden.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Dan Alon, Munich Memoir",
"text": "I began to fight him, pommeling him with my fists, screaming at him, all the while he was yelling, “Dani, it's me, Dani, it's your brother. It's Yoram.”",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pound or beat."
],
"links": [
[
"pound",
"pound"
],
[
"beat",
"beat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To pound or beat."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɒ.məl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑ.məl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒməl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pommel.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pommel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pommel.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pommel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pommel.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pummel"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čukam",
"sense": "to pound or beat",
"word": "чукам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razčukvam",
"sense": "to pound or beat",
"word": "разчуквам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to pound or beat",
"word": "aframmelen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to pound or beat",
"word": "aftuigen"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to pound or beat",
"word": "gread"
}
],
"word": "pommel"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.