"piquant" meaning in All languages combined

See piquant on Wiktionary

Adjective [English]

IPA: /ˈpiːkənt/, /ˈpiːˌkɑːnt/, /piːˈkɑːnt/, /ˈpiːkwənt/ Audio: En-us-piquant 01.ogg [US] Forms: more piquant [comparative], most piquant [superlative]
Rhymes: -iːkənt, -ɑːnt Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French piquant (“pricking, stimulating, irritating”), present participle of piquer, possibly from Old French pikier (“to prick, sting, nettle”). Doublet of picong. Related to pike. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|frm|piquant||pricking, stimulating, irritating}} Middle French piquant (“pricking, stimulating, irritating”), {{m|frm|piquer}} piquer, {{der|en|fro|pikier||to prick, sting, nettle}} Old French pikier (“to prick, sting, nettle”), {{doublet|en|picong}} Doublet of picong, {{m|en|pike}} pike Head templates: {{en-adj}} piquant (comparative more piquant, superlative most piquant)
  1. (archaic) Causing hurt feelings; scathing, severe. Tags: archaic
    Sense id: en-piquant-en-adj-YJv7ulv- Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Middle French entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 38 3 30 28 Disambiguation of Middle French entries with incorrect language header: 13 1 13 6 1 1 4 2 0 24 2 24 10
  2. Stimulating to the senses; engaging; charming. Categories (topical): Personality, Taste Translations (engaging; charming): pikant (Afrikaans), piccante (Italian), chamativo [masculine] (Portuguese), interessante [feminine, masculine] (Portuguese)
    Sense id: en-piquant-en-adj--dua2RiE Disambiguation of Personality: 5 56 20 18 Disambiguation of Taste: 7 15 42 35 Disambiguation of 'engaging; charming': 2 92 4 3
  3. Favorably stimulating to the palate; pleasantly spicy; tangy. Categories (topical): Taste Translations (favorably stimulating to the palate): pikant (Afrikaans), піка́нтны (pikántny) (Belarusian), ঝাল (jhal) (Bengali), пикантен (pikanten) (Bulgarian), စပ် (cap) (Burmese), picant (Catalan), pikant (Dutch), pikantne (Estonian), pikantti (Finnish), piquant (French), პიკანტური (ṗiḳanṭuri) (Georgian), pikant (German), pikáns (Hungarian), pik-anta (Ido), piccante (Italian), vespigno (Italian), 辛い (karai) (Japanese), 맵다 (maepda) (Korean), picant [masculine] (Romanian), пикантный (pikantnyj) (Russian), picante (Spanish), піка́нтний (pikántnyj) (Ukrainian), sbeislyd (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-piquant-en-adj-HxJ8SKfN Disambiguation of Taste: 7 15 42 35 Categories (other): English entries with topic categories using raw markup, Middle French entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 33 4 41 21 Disambiguation of Middle French entries with incorrect language header: 13 1 13 6 1 1 4 2 0 24 2 24 10 Disambiguation of 'favorably stimulating to the palate': 3 10 83 3
  4. Producing a burning sensation due to the presence of chilies or similar spices; spicy, hot. Categories (topical): Taste
    Sense id: en-piquant-en-adj-hGhUqfQw Disambiguation of Taste: 7 15 42 35
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: piquante Derived forms: piquancy

Adjective [French]

IPA: /pi.kɑ̃/ Audio: Fr-piquant.ogg Forms: piquante [feminine], piquants [masculine, plural], piquantes [feminine, plural]
Etymology: Present participle of piquer. Etymology templates: {{m|fr|piquer}} piquer Head templates: {{fr-adj}} piquant (feminine piquante, masculine plural piquants, feminine plural piquantes)
  1. spiky, spiny
    Sense id: en-piquant-fr-adj-rn6Qyz7E
  2. piquant, pungent, spicy-hot (of food) Categories (topical): Taste Synonyms: épicé
    Sense id: en-piquant-fr-adj-Efr8iizr Disambiguation of Taste: 3 53 4 11 12 16
  3. cold; ice-cold Synonyms: glacé, froid
    Sense id: en-piquant-fr-adj-iE0Ekfb5 Categories (other): French terms with collocations
  4. scathing (of humor, a joke, etc.)
    Sense id: en-piquant-fr-adj-fjSRBeVY
  5. (usually of a person) attractive Tags: usually Categories (topical): Personality
    Sense id: en-piquant-fr-adj-bvOwADnm Disambiguation of Personality: 3 21 3 21 33 19

Verb [French]

IPA: /pi.kɑ̃/ Audio: Fr-piquant.ogg
Etymology: Present participle of piquer. Etymology templates: {{m|fr|piquer}} piquer Head templates: {{head|fr|present participle}} piquant
  1. present participle of piquer Tags: form-of, participle, present Form of: piquer
    Sense id: en-piquant-fr-verb-d79GVtzg Categories (other): Middle French entries with incorrect language header, French entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle French entries with incorrect language header: 13 1 13 6 1 1 4 2 0 24 2 24 10 Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 2 4 17 5 1 72

Adjective [Middle French]

Forms: piquante [feminine, singular], piquans [masculine, plural], piquantes [feminine, plural]
Head templates: {{head|frm|adjective||piquans|feminine singular|piquante|masculine plural|piquans||{{{mp2}}}|feminine plural|piquantes|f1accel-form=p|f2accel-form=f|s|f3accel-form=m|p|f5accel-form=f|p|g=m|g2=|head=}} piquant m (feminine singular piquante, masculine plural piquans, feminine plural piquantes), {{frm-adj|2=piquans}} piquant m (feminine singular piquante, masculine plural piquans, feminine plural piquantes)
  1. Alternative form of picquant Tags: alt-of, alternative, masculine Alternative form of: picquant
    Sense id: en-piquant-frm-adj-T2XwlN8k

Verb [Middle French]

Forms: piquante [feminine, singular], piquans [masculine, plural], piquantes [feminine, plural]
Head templates: {{head|frm|present participle|feminine singular|piquante|masculine plural|piquans|feminine plural|piquantes|head=}} piquant (feminine singular piquante, masculine plural piquans, feminine plural piquantes), {{frm-present participle|piquan}} piquant (feminine singular piquante, masculine plural piquans, feminine plural piquantes)
  1. present participle of piquer Tags: form-of, participle, present Form of: piquer
    Sense id: en-piquant-frm-verb-d79GVtzg Categories (other): Middle French entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle French entries with incorrect language header: 13 1 13 6 1 1 4 2 0 24 2 24 10
  2. (may be preceded by en, invariable) gerund of piquer Tags: form-of, gerund, invariable Form of: piquer
    Sense id: en-piquant-frm-verb-gQbt2EH9

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for piquant meaning in All languages combined (15.2kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "piquancy"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "piquant",
        "4": "",
        "5": "pricking, stimulating, irritating"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French piquant (“pricking, stimulating, irritating”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "piquer"
      },
      "expansion": "piquer",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "pikier",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to prick, sting, nettle"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French pikier (“to prick, sting, nettle”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "picong"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of picong",
      "name": "doublet"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "pike"
      },
      "expansion": "pike",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle French piquant (“pricking, stimulating, irritating”), present participle of piquer, possibly from Old French pikier (“to prick, sting, nettle”). Doublet of picong. Related to pike.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more piquant",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most piquant",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "piquant (comparative more piquant, superlative most piquant)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pi‧quant"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 3 30 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 1 13 6 1 1 4 2 0 24 2 24 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Causing hurt feelings; scathing, severe."
      ],
      "id": "en-piquant-en-adj-YJv7ulv-",
      "links": [
        [
          "scathing",
          "scathing"
        ],
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Causing hurt feelings; scathing, severe."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 56 20 18",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Personality",
          "orig": "en:Personality",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 15 42 35",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Taste",
          "orig": "en:Taste",
          "parents": [
            "Drinking",
            "Eating",
            "Food and drink",
            "Senses",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Perception",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental",
            "Body"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Stimulating to the senses; engaging; charming."
      ],
      "id": "en-piquant-en-adj--dua2RiE",
      "links": [
        [
          "Stimulating",
          "stimulating"
        ],
        [
          "engaging",
          "engaging"
        ],
        [
          "charming",
          "charming"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 92 4 3",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "engaging; charming",
          "word": "pikant"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 92 4 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "engaging; charming",
          "word": "piccante"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 92 4 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "engaging; charming",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "chamativo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 92 4 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "engaging; charming",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "interessante"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "33 4 41 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 1 13 6 1 1 4 2 0 24 2 24 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 15 42 35",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Taste",
          "orig": "en:Taste",
          "parents": [
            "Drinking",
            "Eating",
            "Food and drink",
            "Senses",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Perception",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental",
            "Body"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2000, Lynn Bedford Hall, The Best of Cooking in South Africa, 2nd edition, Cape Town: Struik Publishers, page 103",
          "text": "Pork Chops with Apple and Port These chops are baked in a piquant sauce containing fruit, honey, cinnamon, lemon and port, all of which reduces to a spicy syrup.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2005, Clifford A. Wright, Some Like it Hot: Spicy Favorites from the World's Hot Zones, Boston, Mass.: Harvard Common Press, page 170",
          "text": "Elsewhere in South America, excepting Bahia in Brazil, one does not encounter piquant cuisine, although one may stumble on a piquant dish now and then […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2009, Sara Engram with Katie Luber and Kimberly Toqe, The Spice Kitchen: Everyday Cooking with Organic Spices, Kansas City, Mo.: Andrews McMeel Publishing, page 9",
          "text": "French charcuterie relies on cloves in the quatre épices, or four-spice powder, for seasoning fine sausages and piquant marinades.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Favorably stimulating to the palate; pleasantly spicy; tangy."
      ],
      "id": "en-piquant-en-adj-HxJ8SKfN",
      "links": [
        [
          "stimulating",
          "stimulating"
        ],
        [
          "palate",
          "palate"
        ],
        [
          "spicy",
          "spicy"
        ],
        [
          "tangy",
          "tangy"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "pikant"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "pikántny",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "піка́нтны"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "bn",
          "lang": "Bengali",
          "roman": "jhal",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "ঝাল"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "pikanten",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "пикантен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "my",
          "lang": "Burmese",
          "roman": "cap",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "စပ်"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "picant"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "pikant"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "pikantne"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "pikantti"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "piquant"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "ṗiḳanṭuri",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "პიკანტური"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "pikant"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "pikáns"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "pik-anta"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "piccante"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "vespigno"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "karai",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "辛い"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "maepda",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "맵다"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "picant"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "pikantnyj",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "пикантный"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "picante"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "pikántnyj",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "піка́нтний"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 10 83 3",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
          "word": "sbeislyd"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 15 42 35",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Taste",
          "orig": "en:Taste",
          "parents": [
            "Drinking",
            "Eating",
            "Food and drink",
            "Senses",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Perception",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental",
            "Body"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Producing a burning sensation due to the presence of chilies or similar spices; spicy, hot."
      ],
      "id": "en-piquant-en-adj-hGhUqfQw",
      "links": [
        [
          "spicy",
          "spicy"
        ],
        [
          "hot",
          "hot"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpiːkənt/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpiːˌkɑːnt/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/piːˈkɑːnt/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpiːkwənt/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iːkənt"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑːnt"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-piquant 01.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-piquant_01.ogg/En-us-piquant_01.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-piquant_01.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "piquante"
    }
  ],
  "word": "piquant"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "piquer"
      },
      "expansion": "piquer",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Present participle of piquer.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "piquante",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piquants",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piquantes",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "piquant (feminine piquante, masculine plural piquants, feminine plural piquantes)",
      "name": "fr-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "spiky, spiny"
      ],
      "id": "en-piquant-fr-adj-rn6Qyz7E",
      "links": [
        [
          "spiky",
          "spiky"
        ],
        [
          "spiny",
          "spiny"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 53 4 11 12 16",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Taste",
          "orig": "fr:Taste",
          "parents": [
            "Drinking",
            "Eating",
            "Food and drink",
            "Senses",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Perception",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental",
            "Body"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "piquant, pungent, spicy-hot (of food)"
      ],
      "id": "en-piquant-fr-adj-Efr8iizr",
      "links": [
        [
          "piquant",
          "piquant#English"
        ],
        [
          "pungent",
          "pungent"
        ],
        [
          "spicy",
          "spicy"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "épicé"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French terms with collocations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with collocations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "freezing cold",
          "text": "froid piquant"
        },
        {
          "english": "ice-cold wind",
          "text": "vent piquant"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cold; ice-cold"
      ],
      "id": "en-piquant-fr-adj-iE0Ekfb5",
      "links": [
        [
          "cold",
          "cold"
        ],
        [
          "ice-cold",
          "ice-cold"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "glacé"
        },
        {
          "word": "froid"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "scathing (of humor, a joke, etc.)"
      ],
      "id": "en-piquant-fr-adj-fjSRBeVY",
      "links": [
        [
          "scathing",
          "scathing"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 21 3 21 33 19",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Personality",
          "orig": "fr:Personality",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "attractive"
      ],
      "id": "en-piquant-fr-adj-bvOwADnm",
      "links": [
        [
          "attractive",
          "attractive"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(usually of a person) attractive"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a person"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pi.kɑ̃/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-piquant.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/Fr-piquant.ogg/Fr-piquant.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Fr-piquant.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "piquant"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "piquer"
      },
      "expansion": "piquer",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Present participle of piquer.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "present participle"
      },
      "expansion": "piquant",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 1 13 6 1 1 4 2 0 24 2 24 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 4 17 5 1 72",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "piquer"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "present participle of piquer"
      ],
      "id": "en-piquant-fr-verb-d79GVtzg",
      "links": [
        [
          "piquer",
          "piquer#French"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pi.kɑ̃/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-piquant.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/Fr-piquant.ogg/Fr-piquant.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Fr-piquant.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "piquant"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "piquante",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piquans",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piquantes",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "present participle",
        "3": "feminine singular",
        "4": "piquante",
        "5": "masculine plural",
        "6": "piquans",
        "7": "feminine plural",
        "8": "piquantes",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "piquant (feminine singular piquante, masculine plural piquans, feminine plural piquantes)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "piquan"
      },
      "expansion": "piquant (feminine singular piquante, masculine plural piquans, feminine plural piquantes)",
      "name": "frm-present participle"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle French",
  "lang_code": "frm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 1 13 6 1 1 4 2 0 24 2 24 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "piquer"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "present participle of piquer"
      ],
      "id": "en-piquant-frm-verb-d79GVtzg",
      "links": [
        [
          "piquer",
          "piquer#Middle French"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "piquer"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of piquer"
      ],
      "id": "en-piquant-frm-verb-gQbt2EH9",
      "links": [
        [
          "en",
          "en#Middle French"
        ],
        [
          "piquer",
          "piquer#Middle French"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "may be preceded by en",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(may be preceded by en, invariable) gerund of piquer"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "gerund",
        "invariable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "piquant"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "piquante",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piquans",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piquantes",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "10": "{{{mp2}}}",
        "11": "feminine plural",
        "12": "piquantes",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "piquans",
        "5": "feminine singular",
        "6": "piquante",
        "7": "masculine plural",
        "8": "piquans",
        "9": "",
        "f1accel-form": "p",
        "f2accel-form": "f|s",
        "f3accel-form": "m|p",
        "f5accel-form": "f|p",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "piquant m (feminine singular piquante, masculine plural piquans, feminine plural piquantes)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "2": "piquans"
      },
      "expansion": "piquant m (feminine singular piquante, masculine plural piquans, feminine plural piquantes)",
      "name": "frm-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle French",
  "lang_code": "frm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "picquant"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of picquant"
      ],
      "id": "en-piquant-frm-adj-T2XwlN8k",
      "links": [
        [
          "picquant",
          "picquant#Middle French"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "piquant"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English adjectives",
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms borrowed from Middle French",
    "English terms derived from Middle French",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "Middle French adjectives",
    "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle French lemmas",
    "Middle French non-lemma forms",
    "Middle French present participles",
    "Rhymes:English/iːkənt",
    "Rhymes:English/iːkənt/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:English/ɑːnt",
    "Rhymes:English/ɑːnt/2 syllables",
    "en:Personality",
    "en:Taste"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "piquancy"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "piquant",
        "4": "",
        "5": "pricking, stimulating, irritating"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French piquant (“pricking, stimulating, irritating”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "piquer"
      },
      "expansion": "piquer",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "pikier",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to prick, sting, nettle"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French pikier (“to prick, sting, nettle”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "picong"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of picong",
      "name": "doublet"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "pike"
      },
      "expansion": "pike",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle French piquant (“pricking, stimulating, irritating”), present participle of piquer, possibly from Old French pikier (“to prick, sting, nettle”). Doublet of picong. Related to pike.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more piquant",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most piquant",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "piquant (comparative more piquant, superlative most piquant)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "pi‧quant"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Causing hurt feelings; scathing, severe."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "scathing",
          "scathing"
        ],
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Causing hurt feelings; scathing, severe."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Stimulating to the senses; engaging; charming."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Stimulating",
          "stimulating"
        ],
        [
          "engaging",
          "engaging"
        ],
        [
          "charming",
          "charming"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2000, Lynn Bedford Hall, The Best of Cooking in South Africa, 2nd edition, Cape Town: Struik Publishers, page 103",
          "text": "Pork Chops with Apple and Port These chops are baked in a piquant sauce containing fruit, honey, cinnamon, lemon and port, all of which reduces to a spicy syrup.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2005, Clifford A. Wright, Some Like it Hot: Spicy Favorites from the World's Hot Zones, Boston, Mass.: Harvard Common Press, page 170",
          "text": "Elsewhere in South America, excepting Bahia in Brazil, one does not encounter piquant cuisine, although one may stumble on a piquant dish now and then […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2009, Sara Engram with Katie Luber and Kimberly Toqe, The Spice Kitchen: Everyday Cooking with Organic Spices, Kansas City, Mo.: Andrews McMeel Publishing, page 9",
          "text": "French charcuterie relies on cloves in the quatre épices, or four-spice powder, for seasoning fine sausages and piquant marinades.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Favorably stimulating to the palate; pleasantly spicy; tangy."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stimulating",
          "stimulating"
        ],
        [
          "palate",
          "palate"
        ],
        [
          "spicy",
          "spicy"
        ],
        [
          "tangy",
          "tangy"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Producing a burning sensation due to the presence of chilies or similar spices; spicy, hot."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "spicy",
          "spicy"
        ],
        [
          "hot",
          "hot"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpiːkənt/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpiːˌkɑːnt/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/piːˈkɑːnt/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpiːkwənt/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iːkənt"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑːnt"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-piquant 01.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/En-us-piquant_01.ogg/En-us-piquant_01.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/En-us-piquant_01.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "piquante"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "engaging; charming",
      "word": "pikant"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "engaging; charming",
      "word": "piccante"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "engaging; charming",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "chamativo"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "engaging; charming",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "interessante"
    },
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "pikant"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "pikántny",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "піка́нтны"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "jhal",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "ঝাল"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "pikanten",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "пикантен"
    },
    {
      "code": "my",
      "lang": "Burmese",
      "roman": "cap",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "စပ်"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "picant"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "pikant"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "pikantne"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "pikantti"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "piquant"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ṗiḳanṭuri",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "პიკანტური"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "pikant"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "pikáns"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "pik-anta"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "piccante"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "vespigno"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "karai",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "辛い"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "maepda",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "맵다"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "picant"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "pikantnyj",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "пикантный"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "picante"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "pikántnyj",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "піка́нтний"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "favorably stimulating to the palate",
      "word": "sbeislyd"
    }
  ],
  "word": "piquant"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "French 2-syllable words",
    "French adjectives",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French lemmas",
    "French non-lemma forms",
    "French present participles",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French terms with audio links",
    "Middle French adjectives",
    "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle French lemmas",
    "Middle French non-lemma forms",
    "Middle French present participles",
    "fr:Personality",
    "fr:Taste"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "piquer"
      },
      "expansion": "piquer",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Present participle of piquer.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "piquante",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piquants",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piquantes",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "piquant (feminine piquante, masculine plural piquants, feminine plural piquantes)",
      "name": "fr-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "spiky, spiny"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "spiky",
          "spiky"
        ],
        [
          "spiny",
          "spiny"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "piquant, pungent, spicy-hot (of food)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "piquant",
          "piquant#English"
        ],
        [
          "pungent",
          "pungent"
        ],
        [
          "spicy",
          "spicy"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "épicé"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French terms with collocations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "freezing cold",
          "text": "froid piquant"
        },
        {
          "english": "ice-cold wind",
          "text": "vent piquant"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cold; ice-cold"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cold",
          "cold"
        ],
        [
          "ice-cold",
          "ice-cold"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "glacé"
        },
        {
          "word": "froid"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "scathing (of humor, a joke, etc.)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "scathing",
          "scathing"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "attractive"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "attractive",
          "attractive"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(usually of a person) attractive"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a person"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pi.kɑ̃/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-piquant.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/Fr-piquant.ogg/Fr-piquant.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Fr-piquant.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "piquant"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "French 2-syllable words",
    "French adjectives",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French lemmas",
    "French non-lemma forms",
    "French present participles",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French terms with audio links",
    "Middle French adjectives",
    "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle French lemmas",
    "Middle French non-lemma forms",
    "Middle French present participles",
    "fr:Personality",
    "fr:Taste"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "piquer"
      },
      "expansion": "piquer",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Present participle of piquer.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "present participle"
      },
      "expansion": "piquant",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French present participles"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "piquer"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "present participle of piquer"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "piquer",
          "piquer#French"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pi.kɑ̃/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-piquant.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/Fr-piquant.ogg/Fr-piquant.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Fr-piquant.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "piquant"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle French adjectives",
    "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle French lemmas",
    "Middle French non-lemma forms",
    "Middle French present participles"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "piquante",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piquans",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piquantes",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "present participle",
        "3": "feminine singular",
        "4": "piquante",
        "5": "masculine plural",
        "6": "piquans",
        "7": "feminine plural",
        "8": "piquantes",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "piquant (feminine singular piquante, masculine plural piquans, feminine plural piquantes)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "piquan"
      },
      "expansion": "piquant (feminine singular piquante, masculine plural piquans, feminine plural piquantes)",
      "name": "frm-present participle"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle French",
  "lang_code": "frm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "piquer"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "present participle of piquer"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "piquer",
          "piquer#Middle French"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle French gerunds"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "piquer"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gerund of piquer"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "en",
          "en#Middle French"
        ],
        [
          "piquer",
          "piquer#Middle French"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "may be preceded by en",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(may be preceded by en, invariable) gerund of piquer"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "gerund",
        "invariable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "piquant"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle French adjectives",
    "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle French lemmas",
    "Middle French non-lemma forms",
    "Middle French present participles"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "piquante",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piquans",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "piquantes",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "10": "{{{mp2}}}",
        "11": "feminine plural",
        "12": "piquantes",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "piquans",
        "5": "feminine singular",
        "6": "piquante",
        "7": "masculine plural",
        "8": "piquans",
        "9": "",
        "f1accel-form": "p",
        "f2accel-form": "f|s",
        "f3accel-form": "m|p",
        "f5accel-form": "f|p",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "piquant m (feminine singular piquante, masculine plural piquans, feminine plural piquantes)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "2": "piquans"
      },
      "expansion": "piquant m (feminine singular piquante, masculine plural piquans, feminine plural piquantes)",
      "name": "frm-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle French",
  "lang_code": "frm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "picquant"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of picquant"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "picquant",
          "picquant#Middle French"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "piquant"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.