See pidgin on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for pidgin meaning in All languages combined (19.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Chinese pidgin English"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Melanesian Pidgin English"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pidginisation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pidginization"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pidginise"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pidginize"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Pijin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Tok Pisin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "West African Pidgin Portuguese"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pidgin English"
},
"expansion": "pidgin English",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cpi",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese Pidgin English",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "en",
"3": "business"
},
"expansion": "English business",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "he",
"3": "פִּדְיוֹן",
"t": "exchange; trade; redemption",
"tr": "pidyón"
},
"expansion": "Hebrew פִּדְיוֹן (pidyón, “exchange; trade; redemption”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pt",
"3": "ocupação",
"4": "",
"5": "occupation; business"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese ocupação (“occupation; business”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "beach"
},
"expansion": "beach",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pt",
"3": "baixo",
"4": "",
"5": "low"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese baixo (“low”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pidgin English, from a Chinese Pidgin English pronunciation of English business during trade in the Far East.\nAll attestations of pidgin from the first half of the nineteenth century given in the third edition of the Oxford English Dictionary mean “business; an action, occupation, or affair” (the earliest being from 1807).\nOther suggested derivations include:\n* Hebrew פִּדְיוֹן (pidyón, “exchange; trade; redemption”)\n* Chinese pronunciation of Portuguese ocupação (“occupation; business”)\n* South Seas pronunciation of beach\n* Portuguese baixo (“low”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pidgins",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "pidgin (countable and uncountable, plural pidgins)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pidgin English"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "creole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Creole"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "en:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "88 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms borrowed back into English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2019, Chigozie Obioma, An Orchestra of Minorities, Abacus (2019), page 79",
"text": "‘I didnʼt know you can speak pidgin,’ he said and laughed.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An amalgamation of two disparate languages, used by two populations having no common language as a lingua franca to communicate with each other, lacking formalized grammar and having a small, utilitarian vocabulary and no native speakers."
],
"id": "en-pidgin-en-noun-Mp-0NjuX",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"amalgamation",
"amalgamation"
],
[
"disparate",
"disparate"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"population",
"population"
],
[
"lingua franca",
"lingua franca"
],
[
"formalize",
"formalize"
],
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"utilitarian",
"utilitarian"
],
[
"vocabulary",
"vocabulary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) An amalgamation of two disparate languages, used by two populations having no common language as a lingua franca to communicate with each other, lacking formalized grammar and having a small, utilitarian vocabulary and no native speakers."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "baragouin"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pʿiǰin",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "փիջին"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "bi",
"lang": "Bislama",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "pijin"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "皮欽語"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "píqīnyǔ",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "皮钦语"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "混雜語言"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hùnzá yǔyán",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "混杂语言"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pidginsprog"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "piĝino"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "créole"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "langue véhiculaire"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pidgin"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pidginsprache"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pidgin-Sprache"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "pijin gengo",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "ピジン言語"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German",
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pidgin"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German",
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pidginspraak"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German",
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pidgin-Spraak"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pidžin",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пиџин"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "kōrapurapu"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "reo kōrapurapu"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pidginspråk"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pidginspråk"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "pis",
"lang": "Pijin",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "pijin"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pidżin"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pidżyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pídžin",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пи́джин"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "pijini"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pidginspråk"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "tpi",
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "pisin"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "tarzanca"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pijin"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1950, Robert A. Heinlein, The Man Who Sold the Moon",
"text": "Forget money. That's my pidgin.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Guy Cullingford, Post Mortem",
"text": "It's up to the detective sergeant to ask his own questions, that's not my pidgin. But I did wonder if either of you gentlemen had an idea of the exact time of the shot.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person's business, occupation, work, or trade (also spelt as pigeon)"
],
"id": "en-pidgin-en-noun-Feb~L5Pz",
"links": [
[
"pigeon",
"pigeon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, idiomatic) A person's business, occupation, work, or trade (also spelt as pigeon)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"countable",
"idiomatic",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɪ.d͡ʒɪn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɪ.d͡ʒən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪd͡ʒən"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪd͡ʒɪn"
},
{
"homophone": "pigeon"
},
{
"enpr": "pĭjʹən",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Far East",
"pidgin"
],
"word": "pidgin"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "en",
"3": "pidgin",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "English pidgin",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "en",
"3": "pidgin"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English pidgin",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "cpi",
"3": "pidgin"
},
"expansion": "Chinese Pidgin English pidgin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "en",
"3": "business"
},
"expansion": "English business",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English pidgin, from Chinese Pidgin English pidgin, from English business.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pidgins",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "pidgin m (plural pidgins)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ca",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "ca:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pidgin"
],
"id": "en-pidgin-ca-noun-8P2WF368",
"links": [
[
"pidgin",
"pidgin#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpid.ʒin]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpid.d͡ʒin]",
"tags": [
"Valencian"
]
}
],
"word": "pidgin"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "en",
"3": "pidgin"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from English pidgin",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pidgin English"
},
"expansion": "pidgin English",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cpi",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese Pidgin English",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "en",
"3": "business"
},
"expansion": "English business",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from English pidgin, from pidgin English, from a Chinese Pidgin English pronunciation of English business during trade in the Far East.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pidgin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pidgin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "pidgin m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pi‧dgin"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "pidżyn"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "pl:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pidginowy"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of pidżyn"
],
"id": "en-pidgin-pl-noun-9wJDtmFw",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"pidżyn",
"pidżyn#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) Alternative spelling of pidżyn"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Far East"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.d͡ʐɨn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-id͡ʐɨn"
}
],
"word": "pidgin"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "pidgins",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "#s"
},
"expansion": "pidgin m (plural pidgins)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pid‧gin"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "pt:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pidgin (amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers)"
],
"id": "en-pidgin-pt-noun-FAzJ-P7-",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"pidgin",
"pidgin#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) pidgin (amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.d͡ʒĩ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.d͡ʒin/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpi.ðʒin]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "pidgin"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "pidgins",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pidgin",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "pidgins",
"pl2": "#"
},
"expansion": "pidgin m (plural pidgins or pidgin)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pid‧gin"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish nouns with multiple plurals",
"parents": [
"Nouns with multiple plurals",
"Nouns by inflection type",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "es:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pidgin (amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers)"
],
"id": "en-pidgin-es-noun-FAzJ-P7-",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"pidgin",
"pidgin#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) pidgin (amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpidxin/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpið̞.xĩn]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-idxin"
}
],
"word": "pidgin"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "en",
"3": "pidgin",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "English pidgin",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "en",
"3": "pidgin"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English pidgin",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "cpi",
"3": "pidgin"
},
"expansion": "Chinese Pidgin English pidgin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "en",
"3": "business"
},
"expansion": "English business",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English pidgin, from Chinese Pidgin English pidgin, from English business.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pidgins",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "pidgin m (plural pidgins)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Catalan countable nouns",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan masculine nouns",
"Catalan nouns",
"Catalan terms borrowed from English",
"Catalan terms derived from Chinese Pidgin English",
"Catalan terms derived from English",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"ca:Linguistics"
],
"glosses": [
"pidgin"
],
"links": [
[
"pidgin",
"pidgin#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpid.ʒin]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpid.d͡ʒin]",
"tags": [
"Valencian"
]
}
],
"word": "pidgin"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed back into English",
"English terms borrowed from Chinese Pidgin English",
"English terms derived from Chinese Pidgin English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/ɪd͡ʒən",
"Rhymes:English/ɪd͡ʒən/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɪd͡ʒɪn",
"Rhymes:English/ɪd͡ʒɪn/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Chinese pidgin English"
},
{
"word": "Melanesian Pidgin English"
},
{
"word": "pidginisation"
},
{
"word": "pidginization"
},
{
"word": "pidginise"
},
{
"word": "pidginize"
},
{
"word": "Pijin"
},
{
"word": "Tok Pisin"
},
{
"word": "West African Pidgin Portuguese"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pidgin English"
},
"expansion": "pidgin English",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cpi",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese Pidgin English",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "en",
"3": "business"
},
"expansion": "English business",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "he",
"3": "פִּדְיוֹן",
"t": "exchange; trade; redemption",
"tr": "pidyón"
},
"expansion": "Hebrew פִּדְיוֹן (pidyón, “exchange; trade; redemption”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pt",
"3": "ocupação",
"4": "",
"5": "occupation; business"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese ocupação (“occupation; business”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "beach"
},
"expansion": "beach",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pt",
"3": "baixo",
"4": "",
"5": "low"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese baixo (“low”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pidgin English, from a Chinese Pidgin English pronunciation of English business during trade in the Far East.\nAll attestations of pidgin from the first half of the nineteenth century given in the third edition of the Oxford English Dictionary mean “business; an action, occupation, or affair” (the earliest being from 1807).\nOther suggested derivations include:\n* Hebrew פִּדְיוֹן (pidyón, “exchange; trade; redemption”)\n* Chinese pronunciation of Portuguese ocupação (“occupation; business”)\n* South Seas pronunciation of beach\n* Portuguese baixo (“low”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pidgins",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "pidgin (countable and uncountable, plural pidgins)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "pidgin English"
},
{
"word": "creole"
},
{
"word": "Creole"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Linguistics"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2019, Chigozie Obioma, An Orchestra of Minorities, Abacus (2019), page 79",
"text": "‘I didnʼt know you can speak pidgin,’ he said and laughed.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An amalgamation of two disparate languages, used by two populations having no common language as a lingua franca to communicate with each other, lacking formalized grammar and having a small, utilitarian vocabulary and no native speakers."
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"amalgamation",
"amalgamation"
],
[
"disparate",
"disparate"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"population",
"population"
],
[
"lingua franca",
"lingua franca"
],
[
"formalize",
"formalize"
],
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"utilitarian",
"utilitarian"
],
[
"vocabulary",
"vocabulary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) An amalgamation of two disparate languages, used by two populations having no common language as a lingua franca to communicate with each other, lacking formalized grammar and having a small, utilitarian vocabulary and no native speakers."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "baragouin"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English idioms",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1950, Robert A. Heinlein, The Man Who Sold the Moon",
"text": "Forget money. That's my pidgin.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Guy Cullingford, Post Mortem",
"text": "It's up to the detective sergeant to ask his own questions, that's not my pidgin. But I did wonder if either of you gentlemen had an idea of the exact time of the shot.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person's business, occupation, work, or trade (also spelt as pigeon)"
],
"links": [
[
"pigeon",
"pigeon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, idiomatic) A person's business, occupation, work, or trade (also spelt as pigeon)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"countable",
"idiomatic",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɪ.d͡ʒɪn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɪ.d͡ʒən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪd͡ʒən"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪd͡ʒɪn"
},
{
"homophone": "pigeon"
},
{
"enpr": "pĭjʹən",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pʿiǰin",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "փիջին"
},
{
"code": "bi",
"lang": "Bislama",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "pijin"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "皮欽語"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "píqīnyǔ",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "皮钦语"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "混雜語言"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hùnzá yǔyán",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "混杂语言"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pidginsprog"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "piĝino"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "créole"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "langue véhiculaire"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pidgin"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pidginsprache"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pidgin-Sprache"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "pijin gengo",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "ピジン言語"
},
{
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German",
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pidgin"
},
{
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German",
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pidginspraak"
},
{
"code": "nds-de",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"German-Low-German",
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pidgin-Spraak"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pidžin",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пиџин"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "kōrapurapu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "reo kōrapurapu"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pidginspråk"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pidginspråk"
},
{
"code": "pis",
"lang": "Pijin",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "pijin"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pidżin"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pidżyn"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pídžin",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пи́джин"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "pijini"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "pidgin"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pidginspråk"
},
{
"code": "tpi",
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "pisin"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"word": "tarzanca"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pijin"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Far East",
"pidgin"
],
"word": "pidgin"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "pidginowy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "en",
"3": "pidgin"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from English pidgin",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pidgin English"
},
"expansion": "pidgin English",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cpi",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese Pidgin English",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "en",
"3": "business"
},
"expansion": "English business",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from English pidgin, from pidgin English, from a Chinese Pidgin English pronunciation of English business during trade in the Far East.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pidgin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pidgin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pidginy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "pidgin m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pi‧dgin"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "pidżyn"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from English",
"Polish terms derived from Chinese Pidgin English",
"Polish terms derived from English",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish unadapted borrowings from English",
"Rhymes:Polish/id͡ʐɨn",
"Rhymes:Polish/id͡ʐɨn/2 syllables",
"pl:Linguistics"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of pidżyn"
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"pidżyn",
"pidżyn#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) Alternative spelling of pidżyn"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Far East"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.d͡ʐɨn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-id͡ʐɨn"
}
],
"word": "pidgin"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "pidgins",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "#s"
},
"expansion": "pidgin m (plural pidgins)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pid‧gin"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese masculine nouns",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"pt:Linguistics"
],
"glosses": [
"pidgin (amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers)"
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"pidgin",
"pidgin#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) pidgin (amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.d͡ʒĩ/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi.d͡ʒin/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpi.ðʒin]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "pidgin"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "pidgins",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pidgin",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "pidgins",
"pl2": "#"
},
"expansion": "pidgin m (plural pidgins or pidgin)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pid‧gin"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Spanish/idxin",
"Rhymes:Spanish/idxin/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish nouns with multiple plurals",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"es:Linguistics"
],
"glosses": [
"pidgin (amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers)"
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"pidgin",
"pidgin#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) pidgin (amalgamation of two languages having no native speakers)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpidxin/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpið̞.xĩn]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-idxin"
}
],
"word": "pidgin"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.