See penn on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "xbm",
"3": "penn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton penn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "obt",
"3": "penn"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton penn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*penn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *penn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kʷennom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷennom",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Breton penn, from Old Breton penn, from Proto-Brythonic *penn, from Proto-Celtic *kʷennom.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pennoù",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "br-noun-mutation",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "penn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"singular",
"unmutated"
]
},
{
"form": "benn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennoù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"plural",
"unmutated"
]
},
{
"form": "bennoù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fennoù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"10": "{{{p3}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{d}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{c}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{s}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{s2}}}",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "pennoù",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{p2}}}",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"f5accel-form": "d",
"f7accel-form": "sgl",
"f8accel-form": "s",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "penn m (plural pennoù)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"p": "pennoù"
},
"expansion": "penn m (plural pennoù)",
"name": "br-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "p",
"2": "enn",
"3": "ennoù",
"g": "m"
},
"name": "br-noun-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Breton entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:br-noun-mutation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-penn-br-noun-ny5tM6Nx",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"chief, leader"
],
"id": "en-penn-br-noun-c-5~W2kg",
"links": [
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɛnː/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"br:penn"
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cnx",
"3": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Cornish pen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "oco",
"3": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Old Cornish pen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*penn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *penn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kʷennom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷennom",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Cornish pen, from Old Cornish pen, from Proto-Brythonic *penn, from Proto-Celtic *kʷennom.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pennow",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "kw-mut-cons",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "penn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"unmutated"
]
},
{
"form": "benn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "fenn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "pennow",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "penn m (plural pennow)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "p",
"2": "enn"
},
"name": "kw-mut-cons"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "90 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 16 16",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "kw",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "kw:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-penn-kw-noun-ny5tM6Nx",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"top"
],
"id": "en-penn-kw-noun-KHIDZcXn",
"links": [
[
"top",
"top#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"end"
],
"id": "en-penn-kw-noun-Nh5I0DCP",
"links": [
[
"end",
"end#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pɛnː]",
"tags": [
"Revived-Middle-Cornish"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pedn"
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "penn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pennen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular imperative of pennen"
],
"id": "en-penn-de-verb-X-tYhtxv",
"links": [
[
"pennen",
"pennen#German"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 4 4 4 4 14 48 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 3 3 3 3 10 59 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pennen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular present of pennen"
],
"id": "en-penn-de-verb-IuSxjBxJ",
"links": [
[
"pennen",
"pennen#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) first-person singular present of pennen"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "De-penn.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/De-penn.ogg/De-penn.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/De-penn.ogg"
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ht",
"2": "fr",
"3": "peindre"
},
"expansion": "French peindre",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French peindre.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ht",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "penn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"lang_code": "ht",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Haitian Creole entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to paint"
],
"id": "en-penn-ht-verb-f7weZDiM",
"links": [
[
"paint",
"paint"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "pent"
},
{
"word": "penti"
},
{
"word": "pentire"
}
]
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "penn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Luxembourgish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pennen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular imperative of pennen"
],
"id": "en-penn-lb-verb-BxuIt9Vr",
"links": [
[
"pennen",
"pennen#Luxembourgish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "sga",
"3": "penn",
"4": "",
"5": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish penn (“pen”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "la",
"3": "penna"
},
"expansion": "Latin penna",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish penn (“pen”), from Latin penna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "penney",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennyn",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gv-mut-cons",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "penn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "phenn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "benn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis",
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"10": "",
"11": "plural",
"12": "pennyn",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "penney",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f5accel-form": "p",
"f5request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "penn m (genitive singular penney, plural pennyn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "pennyn",
"3": "penney"
},
"expansion": "penn m (genitive singular penney, plural pennyn)",
"name": "gv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "p",
"2": "enn"
},
"name": "gv-mut-cons"
}
],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Manx entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "gv",
"name": "Writing instruments",
"orig": "gv:Writing instruments",
"parents": [
"Stationery",
"Tools",
"Writing",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Communication",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "pencil; lead pen",
"tags": [
"literally",
"masculine"
],
"word": "penn leoaie"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pen"
],
"id": "en-penn-gv-noun-4hprDLGT",
"links": [
[
"pen",
"pen"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "owl",
"3": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh pen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*penn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *penn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kʷennom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷennom",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Welsh pen, from Proto-Brythonic *penn, from Proto-Celtic *kʷennom.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "wlm-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "penn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "benn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "penn / phenn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "phenn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "penn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "p",
"2": "enn"
},
"name": "wlm-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-penn-wlm-noun-ny5tM6Nx",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"chief"
],
"id": "en-penn-wlm-noun-koWCe4Ax",
"links": [
[
"chief",
"chief"
]
]
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "pennen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penner",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "fjærpenn"
},
{
"word": "pennen er mektigere enn sverdet"
},
{
"word": "pennesplitt"
},
{
"word": "pennestrøk"
},
{
"word": "tusjpenn"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a pen (writing tool)"
],
"id": "en-penn-nb-noun-s1epwmXh",
"links": [
[
"pen",
"pen"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"no:penn"
]
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "pennen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pennesplitt"
},
{
"word": "pennestrøk"
},
{
"word": "tusjpenn"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a pen (writing tool)"
],
"id": "en-penn-nn-noun-s1epwmXh",
"links": [
[
"pen",
"pen"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*pennō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pennō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *pennō, *pannijō (“pin, bolt, nail, tack”), of uncertain origin, but perhaps related to pinn (“peg, pin”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "penn m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "penn m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Walls and fences",
"orig": "ang:Walls and fences",
"parents": [
"Buildings and structures",
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pen, enclosure, fold"
],
"id": "en-penn-ang-noun-N~wouNF5",
"links": [
[
"pen",
"pen"
],
[
"enclosure",
"enclosure"
],
[
"fold",
"fold"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "/penn/"
},
{
"other": "[pen]"
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcb",
"2": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Cumbric: pen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cumbric: pen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obt",
"2": "penn",
"3": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton: penn, pen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Breton: penn, pen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "penn",
"3": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: penn, pen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: penn, pen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "penn"
},
"expansion": "Breton: penn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: penn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oco",
"2": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Old Cornish: pen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cornish: pen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cnx",
"2": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Cornish: pen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Cornish: pen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "penn",
"3": "pedn"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: penn, pedn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: penn, pedn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "owl",
"2": "penn"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh: penn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Welsh: penn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "penn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: penn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: penn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: pen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: pen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "cel-pro>*kʷennom>head",
"id": "head"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kʷennom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷennom",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *kʷennom.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "*{{{2}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "*{{{pl2}}}",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*penn m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/penn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Brythonic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-penn-cel-bry-pro-noun-ny5tM6Nx",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpenː/"
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Breton entries with incorrect language header",
"Breton lemmas",
"Breton masculine nouns",
"Breton nouns",
"Breton terms derived from Middle Breton",
"Breton terms derived from Old Breton",
"Breton terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Breton terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Breton terms inherited from Middle Breton",
"Breton terms inherited from Old Breton",
"Breton terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Breton terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:br-noun-mutation",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "xbm",
"3": "penn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton penn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "obt",
"3": "penn"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton penn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*penn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *penn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kʷennom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷennom",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Breton penn, from Old Breton penn, from Proto-Brythonic *penn, from Proto-Celtic *kʷennom.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pennoù",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "br-noun-mutation",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "penn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"singular",
"unmutated"
]
},
{
"form": "benn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fenn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennoù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"plural",
"unmutated"
]
},
{
"form": "bennoù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fennoù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"10": "{{{p3}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{d}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{c}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{s}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{s2}}}",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "pennoù",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{p2}}}",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"f5accel-form": "d",
"f7accel-form": "sgl",
"f8accel-form": "s",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "penn m (plural pennoù)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"p": "pennoù"
},
"expansion": "penn m (plural pennoù)",
"name": "br-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "p",
"2": "enn",
"3": "ennoù",
"g": "m"
},
"name": "br-noun-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"chief, leader"
],
"links": [
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɛnː/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"br:penn"
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"Cornish lemmas",
"Cornish masculine nouns",
"Cornish nouns",
"Cornish terms derived from Middle Cornish",
"Cornish terms derived from Old Cornish",
"Cornish terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Cornish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Cornish terms inherited from Middle Cornish",
"Cornish terms inherited from Old Cornish",
"Cornish terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Cornish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"kw:Anatomy"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cnx",
"3": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Cornish pen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "oco",
"3": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Old Cornish pen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*penn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *penn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kʷennom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷennom",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Cornish pen, from Old Cornish pen, from Proto-Brythonic *penn, from Proto-Celtic *kʷennom.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pennow",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "kw-mut-cons",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "penn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"unmutated"
]
},
{
"form": "benn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "fenn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "pennow",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "penn m (plural pennow)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "p",
"2": "enn"
},
"name": "kw-mut-cons"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"top"
],
"links": [
[
"top",
"top#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"end"
],
"links": [
[
"end",
"end#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pɛnː]",
"tags": [
"Revived-Middle-Cornish"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pedn"
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German non-lemma forms",
"German verb forms",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "penn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pennen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular imperative of pennen"
],
"links": [
[
"pennen",
"pennen#German"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German colloquialisms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pennen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular present of pennen"
],
"links": [
[
"pennen",
"pennen#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) first-person singular present of pennen"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "De-penn.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/De-penn.ogg/De-penn.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/De-penn.ogg"
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ht",
"2": "fr",
"3": "peindre"
},
"expansion": "French peindre",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French peindre.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ht",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "penn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"lang_code": "ht",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "pent"
},
{
"word": "penti"
},
{
"word": "pentire"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Haitian Creole entries with incorrect language header",
"Haitian Creole lemmas",
"Haitian Creole terms derived from French",
"Haitian Creole verbs",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to paint"
],
"links": [
[
"paint",
"paint"
]
]
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "penn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Luxembourgish entries with incorrect language header",
"Luxembourgish non-lemma forms",
"Luxembourgish verb forms",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "pennen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular imperative of pennen"
],
"links": [
[
"pennen",
"pennen#Luxembourgish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "pencil; lead pen",
"tags": [
"literally",
"masculine"
],
"word": "penn leoaie"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "sga",
"3": "penn",
"4": "",
"5": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish penn (“pen”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "la",
"3": "penna"
},
"expansion": "Latin penna",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish penn (“pen”), from Latin penna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "penney",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennyn",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gv-mut-cons",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "penn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "phenn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "benn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis",
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"10": "",
"11": "plural",
"12": "pennyn",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "penney",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f5accel-form": "p",
"f5request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "penn m (genitive singular penney, plural pennyn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "pennyn",
"3": "penney"
},
"expansion": "penn m (genitive singular penney, plural pennyn)",
"name": "gv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "p",
"2": "enn"
},
"name": "gv-mut-cons"
}
],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Manx entries with incorrect language header",
"Manx lemmas",
"Manx masculine nouns",
"Manx nouns",
"Manx terms derived from Latin",
"Manx terms derived from Old Irish",
"Manx terms inherited from Old Irish",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"gv:Writing instruments"
],
"glosses": [
"pen"
],
"links": [
[
"pen",
"pen"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Welsh lemmas",
"Middle Welsh nouns",
"Middle Welsh terms derived from Old Welsh",
"Middle Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Middle Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Middle Welsh terms inherited from Old Welsh",
"Middle Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Middle Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "owl",
"3": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh pen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*penn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *penn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kʷennom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷennom",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Welsh pen, from Proto-Brythonic *penn, from Proto-Celtic *kʷennom.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "wlm-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "penn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "benn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "penn / phenn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "phenn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "penn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "p",
"2": "enn"
},
"name": "wlm-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"chief"
],
"links": [
[
"chief",
"chief"
]
]
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "fjærpenn"
},
{
"word": "pennen er mektigere enn sverdet"
},
{
"word": "pennesplitt"
},
{
"word": "pennestrøk"
},
{
"word": "tusjpenn"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "pennen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penner",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Bokmål lemmas",
"Norwegian Bokmål masculine nouns",
"Norwegian Bokmål nouns",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"a pen (writing tool)"
],
"links": [
[
"pen",
"pen"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"no:penn"
]
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "pennesplitt"
},
{
"word": "pennestrøk"
},
{
"word": "tusjpenn"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "pennen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pennar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pennane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas",
"Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk nouns",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"a pen (writing tool)"
],
"links": [
[
"pen",
"pen"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*pennō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pennō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *pennō, *pannijō (“pin, bolt, nail, tack”), of uncertain origin, but perhaps related to pinn (“peg, pin”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "penn m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "penn m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ang:Walls and fences"
],
"glosses": [
"pen, enclosure, fold"
],
"links": [
[
"pen",
"pen"
],
[
"enclosure",
"enclosure"
],
[
"fold",
"fold"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "/penn/"
},
{
"other": "[pen]"
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcb",
"2": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Cumbric: pen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cumbric: pen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obt",
"2": "penn",
"3": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton: penn, pen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Breton: penn, pen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "penn",
"3": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: penn, pen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: penn, pen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "penn"
},
"expansion": "Breton: penn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: penn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oco",
"2": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Old Cornish: pen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cornish: pen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cnx",
"2": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Cornish: pen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Cornish: pen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "penn",
"3": "pedn"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: penn, pedn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: penn, pedn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "owl",
"2": "penn"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh: penn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Welsh: penn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "penn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: penn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: penn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "pen"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: pen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: pen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "cel-pro>*kʷennom>head",
"id": "head"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kʷennom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷennom",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *kʷennom.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "*{{{2}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "*{{{pl2}}}",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*penn m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/penn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Brythonic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Brythonic lemmas",
"Proto-Brythonic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Brythonic nouns",
"Proto-Brythonic terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Proto-Brythonic terms inherited from Proto-Celtic"
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpenː/"
}
],
"word": "penn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for penn meaning in All languages combined (16.0kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: penn/Cornish 'hard' base_tags={'mutation-soft', 'mutation-aspirate', 'unmutated', 'mutation'}",
"path": [
"penn"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "penn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"penn",
"br-noun-mutation",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:checkparams:warn()",
"extensionTag()"
],
"section": "Breton",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "penn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"penn",
"br-noun-mutation",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:checkparams:warn()",
"frame:preprocess()",
"#tag",
"#tag"
],
"section": "Breton",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "penn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"penn",
"br-noun-mutation",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:checkparams:warn()",
"extensionTag()"
],
"section": "Breton",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "penn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"penn",
"br-noun-mutation",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:checkparams:warn()",
"frame:preprocess()",
"#tag",
"#tag"
],
"section": "Breton",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "penn",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.