See kerven on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerfbank"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerfbeitel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerfbijl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerfboothamer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerfdier"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerfhak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerfhamer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerfhout"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerfkist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerfmachine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerfmes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerfnagel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerfpartij"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerfrand"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerfsnijmes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerfsnijwerk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerfstok"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerftaaiheid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerftabak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerfvijl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerfwerk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerver"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kerving"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "aankerven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "afkerven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bekerven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "doorkerven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "fijnkerven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "inkerven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "loskerven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ontkerven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "openkerven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "opkerven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "overkerven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rondkerven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "stukkerven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toekerven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "uitkerven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "verkerven"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "skèrf",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: skèrf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: skèrf"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gerbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "kerven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kerven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*kervan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *kervan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kerban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kerban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kerbaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kerbaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch kerven, from Old Dutch *kervan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "kerf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kervend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gekerfd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3b",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "kerf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "korf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "korf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "korf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "korft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "korft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "korf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "korven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "korve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "korven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kervend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gekorven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kerven",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ker‧ven"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kerf",
"2": "kerve"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kerf",
"2": "korf",
"3": "korven",
"4": "kerve",
"5": "korve",
"class": "3b"
},
"name": "nl-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 77 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 73 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch verbs with two conjugations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 21 4 11 4 2 4 6 18 3 11 4 3 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 2 4 4 2 4 10 21 2 12 3 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 30 1 3 3 1 2 7 26 1 15 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to cut, gouge out"
],
"id": "en-kerven-nl-verb-5c~Q0vL4",
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"gouge",
"gouge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to cut, gouge out"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to carve (out); (cut a) notch"
],
"id": "en-kerven-nl-verb-Tm5j~it7",
"links": [
[
"carve",
"carve"
],
[
"notch",
"notch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to carve (out); (cut a) notch"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-kerven.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/Nl-kerven.ogg/Nl-kerven.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Nl-kerven.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɛr.və(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrvən"
}
],
"word": "kerven"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gerbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "kerven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kerven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*kervan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *kervan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kerban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kerban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kerbaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kerbaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch kerven, from Old Dutch *kervan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "kerven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ker‧ven"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kerf"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of kerf"
],
"id": "en-kerven-nl-noun-EbdwncXz",
"links": [
[
"kerf",
"kerf#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-kerven.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/Nl-kerven.ogg/Nl-kerven.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Nl-kerven.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɛr.və(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrvən"
}
],
"word": "kerven"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kerven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: kerven",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: kerven"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*kervan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *kervan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kerban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kerban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kerbaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kerbaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *kervan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kervens",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kervene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "korve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerves",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "korfs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "korves",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerves",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "korves",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kervet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "korve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "korven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "korven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kervet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "korft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "korvet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kervet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "korvet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "korven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "korven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kerf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kervet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kervende",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gekorven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"head": "",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "kerven",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kerven",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kerv",
"2": "karv",
"3": "korv",
"4": "gekorven",
"class": "3"
},
"name": "dum-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 21 4 11 4 2 4 6 18 3 11 4 3 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 35 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to carve, to cut out"
],
"id": "en-kerven-dum-verb-7eAqoMnl",
"links": [
[
"carve",
"carve"
],
[
"cut",
"cut"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to cut through, to cut into pieces"
],
"id": "en-kerven-dum-verb-IsN9REfr",
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to destroy, to break"
],
"id": "en-kerven-dum-verb-tTG-AhBk",
"links": [
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"break",
"break"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kerven"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "English: carve"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Scots: cairve, kerve, kerf, carf"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ċeorfan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ċeorfan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kerban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kerban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kerbaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kerbaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English ċeorfan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.\nThe total depalatalization of most forms seems to have arisen from analogy to past plural curven and past participle corven; compare cherven.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kervest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "curve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "corve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerveth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "carf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "curve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "corve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "curven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "curve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "corven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "corve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kerveth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kervynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kervende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "corven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "corve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ycorven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ycorve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "carve",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "carven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cerven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "karven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kirven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyrvyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ceorfan",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "ceorfæn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "keorven",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "kerven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kerv",
"2": "carf",
"3": "curv",
"3a": "corv",
"4": "corv",
"c": "3"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "forkerven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kerf"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
"To cut into; to slice (especially meat)."
],
"id": "en-kerven-enm-verb-Y48J2FVi",
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"stab",
"stab"
],
[
"slash",
"slash"
],
[
"cutting",
"cutting"
],
[
"stabbing",
"stabbing"
],
[
"into",
"into"
],
[
"slice",
"slice"
],
[
"meat",
"meat"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 24 2 4 4 2 4 10 21 2 12 3 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Surgery",
"orig": "enm:Surgery",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
"To make surgical incisions or perform surgical operations."
],
"id": "en-kerven-enm-verb-RfE~nFK5",
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"stab",
"stab"
],
[
"slash",
"slash"
],
[
"cutting",
"cutting"
],
[
"stabbing",
"stabbing"
],
[
"incisions",
"incisions"
],
[
"surgical",
"surgical"
],
[
"operations",
"operations"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 21 4 11 4 2 4 6 18 3 11 4 3 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 2 4 4 2 4 10 21 2 12 3 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 30 1 3 3 1 2 7 26 1 15 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
"To mince or slice up (slice into bits)"
],
"id": "en-kerven-enm-verb-bk9KPhYn",
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"stab",
"stab"
],
[
"slash",
"slash"
],
[
"cutting",
"cutting"
],
[
"stabbing",
"stabbing"
],
[
"mince",
"mince"
],
[
"slice",
"slice#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
"To separate by cutting; to cut apart."
],
"id": "en-kerven-enm-verb-5RReE8RX",
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"stab",
"stab"
],
[
"slash",
"slash"
],
[
"cutting",
"cutting"
],
[
"stabbing",
"stabbing"
],
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"apart",
"apart"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 21 4 11 4 2 4 6 18 3 11 4 3 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 24 2 4 4 2 4 10 21 2 12 3 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 30 1 3 3 1 2 7 26 1 15 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
"To remove or expel by cutting off or out."
],
"id": "en-kerven-enm-verb-nbcck~OF",
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"stab",
"stab"
],
[
"slash",
"slash"
],
[
"cutting",
"cutting"
],
[
"stabbing",
"stabbing"
],
[
"off",
"off"
],
[
"out",
"out"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To carve; to carve into or in the likeness of."
],
"id": "en-kerven-enm-verb-88hsPgjH",
"links": [
[
"carve",
"carve"
],
[
"into",
"into"
],
[
"likeness",
"likeness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To divide or separate; to split up."
],
"id": "en-kerven-enm-verb-HRbm~NAr",
"links": [
[
"divide",
"divide"
],
[
"separate",
"separate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To eliminate or destroy; to take away."
],
"id": "en-kerven-enm-verb-a7k2z-6x",
"links": [
[
"eliminate",
"eliminate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To go across; to exist across."
],
"id": "en-kerven-enm-verb-9rkLCiUD",
"links": [
[
"go",
"go"
],
[
"across",
"across"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɛrvən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrvən"
}
],
"word": "kerven"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch basic verbs",
"Dutch class 3b strong verbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch noun forms",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gerbʰ-",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch verbs",
"Dutch verbs with two conjugations",
"Dutch weak verbs",
"Middle English class 3 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɛrvən",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɛrvən/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɛrvən",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɛrvən/1 syllable",
"enm:Surgery"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kerf"
},
{
"word": "kerfbank"
},
{
"word": "kerfbeitel"
},
{
"word": "kerfbijl"
},
{
"word": "kerfboothamer"
},
{
"word": "kerfdier"
},
{
"word": "kerfhak"
},
{
"word": "kerfhamer"
},
{
"word": "kerfhout"
},
{
"word": "kerfkist"
},
{
"word": "kerfmachine"
},
{
"word": "kerfmes"
},
{
"word": "kerfnagel"
},
{
"word": "kerfpartij"
},
{
"word": "kerfrand"
},
{
"word": "kerfsnijmes"
},
{
"word": "kerfsnijwerk"
},
{
"word": "kerfstok"
},
{
"word": "kerftaaiheid"
},
{
"word": "kerftabak"
},
{
"word": "kerfvijl"
},
{
"word": "kerfwerk"
},
{
"word": "kerver"
},
{
"word": "kerving"
},
{
"word": "aankerven"
},
{
"word": "afkerven"
},
{
"word": "bekerven"
},
{
"word": "doorkerven"
},
{
"word": "fijnkerven"
},
{
"word": "inkerven"
},
{
"word": "loskerven"
},
{
"word": "ontkerven"
},
{
"word": "openkerven"
},
{
"word": "opkerven"
},
{
"word": "overkerven"
},
{
"word": "rondkerven"
},
{
"word": "stukkerven"
},
{
"word": "toekerven"
},
{
"word": "uitkerven"
},
{
"word": "verkerven"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "skèrf",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: skèrf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: skèrf"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gerbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "kerven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kerven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*kervan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *kervan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kerban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kerban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kerbaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kerbaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch kerven, from Old Dutch *kervan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "kerf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kervend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gekerfd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3b",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "kerf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "korf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "korf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "korf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "korft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "korft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "korf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "korven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "korve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "korven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kervend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gekorven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kerven",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ker‧ven"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kerf",
"2": "kerve"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kerf",
"2": "korf",
"3": "korven",
"4": "kerve",
"5": "korve",
"class": "3b"
},
"name": "nl-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to cut, gouge out"
],
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"gouge",
"gouge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to cut, gouge out"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to carve (out); (cut a) notch"
],
"links": [
[
"carve",
"carve"
],
[
"notch",
"notch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to carve (out); (cut a) notch"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-kerven.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/Nl-kerven.ogg/Nl-kerven.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Nl-kerven.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɛr.və(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrvən"
}
],
"word": "kerven"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch basic verbs",
"Dutch class 3b strong verbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch noun forms",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gerbʰ-",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch verbs",
"Dutch verbs with two conjugations",
"Dutch weak verbs",
"Middle English class 3 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɛrvən",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɛrvən/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɛrvən",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɛrvən/1 syllable",
"enm:Surgery"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gerbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "kerven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kerven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*kervan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *kervan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kerban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kerban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kerbaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kerbaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch kerven, from Old Dutch *kervan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "kerven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ker‧ven"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kerf"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of kerf"
],
"links": [
[
"kerf",
"kerf#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-kerven.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/Nl-kerven.ogg/Nl-kerven.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Nl-kerven.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɛr.və(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrvən"
}
],
"word": "kerven"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch class 3 strong verbs",
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch verbs",
"Middle English class 3 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɛrvən",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɛrvən/1 syllable",
"enm:Surgery"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kerven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: kerven",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: kerven"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*kervan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *kervan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kerban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kerban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kerbaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kerbaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *kervan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kervens",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kervene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "korve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerves",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "korfs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "korves",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerfs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerves",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "korves",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kervet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "karf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "korve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "korven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "korven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kervet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "korft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "korvet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kervet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "korvet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "korven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "korven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kerf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kervet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kervende",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gekorven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"head": "",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "kerven",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kerven",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kerv",
"2": "karv",
"3": "korv",
"4": "gekorven",
"class": "3"
},
"name": "dum-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to carve, to cut out"
],
"links": [
[
"carve",
"carve"
],
[
"cut",
"cut"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to cut through, to cut into pieces"
],
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to destroy, to break"
],
"links": [
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"break",
"break"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kerven"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 3 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɛrvən",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɛrvən/1 syllable",
"enm:Surgery"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "English: carve"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Scots: cairve, kerve, kerf, carf"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ċeorfan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ċeorfan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kerban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kerban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kerbaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kerbaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English ċeorfan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.\nThe total depalatalization of most forms seems to have arisen from analogy to past plural curven and past participle corven; compare cherven.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kervest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "curve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "corve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerveth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "carf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "curve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "corve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kerven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "curven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "curve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "corven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "corve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kerveth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kervynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kervende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "corven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "corve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ycorven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ycorve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "carve",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "carven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cerven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "karven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kerve",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kirven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kyrvyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ceorfan",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "ceorfæn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "keorven",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "kerven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kerv",
"2": "carf",
"3": "curv",
"3a": "corv",
"4": "corv",
"c": "3"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "forkerven"
},
{
"word": "kerf"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
"To cut into; to slice (especially meat)."
],
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"stab",
"stab"
],
[
"slash",
"slash"
],
[
"cutting",
"cutting"
],
[
"stabbing",
"stabbing"
],
[
"into",
"into"
],
[
"slice",
"slice"
],
[
"meat",
"meat"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
"To make surgical incisions or perform surgical operations."
],
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"stab",
"stab"
],
[
"slash",
"slash"
],
[
"cutting",
"cutting"
],
[
"stabbing",
"stabbing"
],
[
"incisions",
"incisions"
],
[
"surgical",
"surgical"
],
[
"operations",
"operations"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
"To mince or slice up (slice into bits)"
],
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"stab",
"stab"
],
[
"slash",
"slash"
],
[
"cutting",
"cutting"
],
[
"stabbing",
"stabbing"
],
[
"mince",
"mince"
],
[
"slice",
"slice#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
"To separate by cutting; to cut apart."
],
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"stab",
"stab"
],
[
"slash",
"slash"
],
[
"cutting",
"cutting"
],
[
"stabbing",
"stabbing"
],
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"apart",
"apart"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
"To remove or expel by cutting off or out."
],
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"stab",
"stab"
],
[
"slash",
"slash"
],
[
"cutting",
"cutting"
],
[
"stabbing",
"stabbing"
],
[
"off",
"off"
],
[
"out",
"out"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To carve; to carve into or in the likeness of."
],
"links": [
[
"carve",
"carve"
],
[
"into",
"into"
],
[
"likeness",
"likeness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To divide or separate; to split up."
],
"links": [
[
"divide",
"divide"
],
[
"separate",
"separate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To eliminate or destroy; to take away."
],
"links": [
[
"eliminate",
"eliminate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To go across; to exist across."
],
"links": [
[
"go",
"go"
],
[
"across",
"across"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɛrvən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrvən"
}
],
"word": "kerven"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kerven meaning in All languages combined (25.1kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: kerven/Middle Dutch 'base form' base_tags={'infinitive'}",
"path": [
"kerven"
],
"section": "Middle Dutch",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "kerven",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (89ebc88 and e74c913). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.