"kerven" meaning in All languages combined

See kerven on Wiktionary

Noun [Dutch]

IPA: /ˈkɛr.və(n)/ Audio: Nl-kerven.ogg
Rhymes: -ɛrvən Etymology: From Middle Dutch kerven, from Old Dutch *kervan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną. Etymology templates: {{root|nl|ine-pro|*gerbʰ-}}, {{inh|nl|dum|kerven}} Middle Dutch kerven, {{inh|nl|odt|*kervan}} Old Dutch *kervan, {{inh|nl|gmw-pro|*kerban}} Proto-West Germanic *kerban, {{inh|nl|gem-pro|*kerbaną}} Proto-Germanic *kerbaną Head templates: {{head|nl|noun form}} kerven
  1. plural of kerf Tags: form-of, plural Form of: kerf
    Sense id: en-kerven-nl-noun-EbdwncXz

Verb [Dutch]

IPA: /ˈkɛr.və(n)/ Audio: Nl-kerven.ogg
Rhymes: -ɛrvən Etymology: From Middle Dutch kerven, from Old Dutch *kervan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną. Etymology templates: {{root|nl|ine-pro|*gerbʰ-}}, {{inh|nl|dum|kerven}} Middle Dutch kerven, {{inh|nl|odt|*kervan}} Old Dutch *kervan, {{inh|nl|gmw-pro|*kerban}} Proto-West Germanic *kerban, {{inh|nl|gem-pro|*kerbaną}} Proto-Germanic *kerbaną Head templates: {{nl-verb}} kerven Inflection templates: {{nl-conj-wk|kerf|kerve}}, {{nl-conj-st|kerf|korf|korven|kerve|korve|class=3b}} Forms: weak [table-tags], kerven [infinitive], kerven [gerund, neuter], kerf [first-person, present, singular], kerfde [first-person, past, singular], kerft [present, second-person, singular], kerf [present, second-person, singular], kerfde [past, second-person, singular], kerft [formal, present, second-person, singular], kerfde [formal, past, second-person, singular], kerft [Flanders, colloquial, present, second-person, singular], kerft [archaic, formal, majestic, present, second-person, singular], kerfde [Flanders, colloquial, past, second-person, singular], kerfde [archaic, formal, majestic, past, second-person, singular], kerft [present, singular, third-person], kerfde [past, singular, third-person], kerven [plural, present], kerfden [past, plural], kerve [archaic, present, singular, subjunctive], kerfde [archaic, past, singular, subjunctive], kerven [archaic, plural, present, subjunctive], kerfden [archaic, past, plural, subjunctive], kerf [imperative, present, singular], kerft [archaic, imperative, plural, present], kervend [participle, present], gekerfd [participle, past], strong [table-tags], kerven [infinitive], kerven [gerund, neuter], kerf [first-person, present, singular], korf [first-person, past, singular], kerft [present, second-person, singular], kerf [present, second-person, singular], korf [past, second-person, singular], kerft [formal, present, second-person, singular], korf [formal, past, second-person, singular], kerft [Flanders, colloquial, present, second-person, singular], kerft [archaic, formal, majestic, present, second-person, singular], korft [Flanders, colloquial, past, second-person, singular], korft [archaic, formal, majestic, past, second-person, singular], kerft [present, singular, third-person], korf [past, singular, third-person], kerven [plural, present], korven [past, plural], kerve [archaic, present, singular, subjunctive], korve [archaic, past, singular, subjunctive], kerven [archaic, plural, present, subjunctive], korven [archaic, past, plural, subjunctive], kerf [imperative, present, singular], kerft [archaic, imperative, plural, present], kervend [participle, present], gekorven [participle, past]
  1. (intransitive) to cut, gouge out Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: en-kerven-nl-verb-5c~Q0vL4 Categories (other): Dutch entries with incorrect language header, Dutch verbs with two conjugations, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 9 76 15 Disambiguation of Dutch verbs with two conjugations: 13 74 12 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 3 23 5 9 2 2 2 6 19 4 12 4 3 3 2 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 2 25 3 5 3 2 3 10 21 3 13 3 3 3 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 2 30 2 3 2 1 2 7 26 2 15 2 2 2 1
  2. (transitive) to carve (out); (cut a) notch Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-kerven-nl-verb-Tm5j~it7
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: kerf, kerfbank, kerfbeitel, kerfbijl, kerfboothamer, kerfdier, kerfhak, kerfhamer, kerfhout, kerfkist, kerfmachine, kerfmes, kerfnagel, kerfpartij, kerfrand, kerfsnijmes, kerfsnijwerk, kerfstok, kerftaaiheid, kerftabak, kerfvijl, kerfwerk, kerver, kerving, aankerven, afkerven, bekerven, doorkerven, fijnkerven, inkerven, loskerven, ontkerven, openkerven, opkerven, overkerven, rondkerven, stukkerven, toekerven, uitkerven, verkerven

Verb [Middle Dutch]

Etymology: From Old Dutch *kervan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną. Etymology templates: {{inh|dum|odt|*kervan}} Old Dutch *kervan, {{inh|dum|gmw-pro|*kerban}} Proto-West Germanic *kerban, {{inh|dum|gem-pro|*kerbaną}} Proto-Germanic *kerbaną Head templates: {{head|dum|verb|head=|head2=}} kerven, {{dum-verb}} kerven Inflection templates: {{dum-conj-st|kerv|karv|korv|gekorven|class=3}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], kerven [error-unrecognized-form, infinitive], kervens [genitive, infinitive], kervene [dative, infinitive], kerve [first-person, indicative, present, singular], karf [first-person, indicative, past, singular], kerve [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], korve [first-person, past, singular, subjunctive], kerfs [indicative, present, second-person, singular], kerves [indicative, present, second-person, singular], korfs [indicative, past, second-person, singular], korves [indicative, past, second-person, singular], kerfs [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], kerves [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], korves [past, second-person, singular, subjunctive], kerft [indicative, present, singular, third-person], kervet [indicative, present, singular, third-person], karf [indicative, past, singular, third-person], kerve [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], korve [past, singular, subjunctive, third-person], kerven [first-person, indicative, plural, present], korven [first-person, indicative, past, plural], kerven [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], korven [first-person, past, plural, subjunctive], kerft [indicative, plural, present, second-person], kervet [indicative, plural, present, second-person], korft [indicative, past, plural, second-person], korvet [indicative, past, plural, second-person], kerft [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], kervet [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], korvet [past, plural, second-person, subjunctive], kerven [indicative, plural, present, third-person], korven [indicative, past, plural, third-person], kerven [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], korven [past, plural, subjunctive, third-person], kerf [imperative, indicative, present, singular], kerve [imperative, indicative, present, singular], kerft [imperative, indicative, plural, present], kervet [imperative, indicative, plural, present], kervende [imperative, participle, present], gekorven [imperative, participle, past]
  1. to carve, to cut out
    Sense id: en-kerven-dum-verb-7eAqoMnl Categories (other): Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 57 21 23
  2. to cut through, to cut into pieces
    Sense id: en-kerven-dum-verb-IsN9REfr
  3. to destroy, to break
    Sense id: en-kerven-dum-verb-tTG-AhBk

Verb [Middle English]

IPA: /ˈkɛrvən/
Rhymes: -ɛrvən Etymology: From Old English ċeorfan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną. The total depalatalization of most forms seems to have arisen from analogy to past plural curven and past participle corven; compare cherven. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|ċeorfan}} Old English ċeorfan, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*kerban}} Proto-West Germanic *kerban, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*kerbaną}} Proto-Germanic *kerbaną Head templates: {{head|enm|verb}} kerven Inflection templates: {{enm-conj-st|kerv|carf|curv|corv|3a=corv|c=3}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], kerven [infinitive], to kerven [infinitive], kerve [infinitive], kerve [first-person, present, singular], carf [first-person, past, singular], kervest [present, second-person, singular], curve [past, second-person, singular], corve [past, second-person, singular], carf [past, second-person, singular], kerveth [present, singular, third-person], carf [past, singular, third-person], kerve [present, singular, subjunctive], curve [past, singular, subjunctive], corve [past, singular, subjunctive], kerve [imperative, present, singular], - [imperative, past, singular], kerven [plural, present], kerve [plural, present], curven [past, plural], curve [past, plural], corven [past, plural], corve [past, plural], kerveth [imperative, plural, present], kerve [imperative, plural, present], - [imperative, past, plural], kervynge [participle, present], kervende [participle, present], corven [participle, past], corve [participle, past], ycorven [participle, past], ycorve [participle, past], carve [alternative], carven [alternative], cerven [alternative], karven [alternative], kerve [alternative], kirven [alternative], kyrvyn [alternative], ceorfan [alternative], ceorfæn [alternative], keorven [alternative]
  1. To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:
    To cut into; to slice (especially meat).
    Categories (topical): Surgery
    Sense id: en-kerven-enm-verb-Y48J2FVi Disambiguation of Surgery: 13 13 28 13 24 3 1 5 1
  2. To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:
    To make surgical incisions or perform surgical operations.
    Categories (topical): Surgery
    Sense id: en-kerven-enm-verb-RfE~nFK5 Disambiguation of Surgery: 13 13 28 13 24 3 1 5 1
  3. To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:
    To mince or slice up (slice into bits)
    Categories (topical): Surgery
    Sense id: en-kerven-enm-verb-bk9KPhYn Disambiguation of Surgery: 13 13 28 13 24 3 1 5 1 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 3 23 5 9 2 2 2 6 19 4 12 4 3 3 2 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 2 25 3 5 3 2 3 10 21 3 13 3 3 3 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 2 30 2 3 2 1 2 7 26 2 15 2 2 2 1
  4. To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:
    To separate by cutting; to cut apart.
    Categories (topical): Surgery
    Sense id: en-kerven-enm-verb-5RReE8RX Disambiguation of Surgery: 13 13 28 13 24 3 1 5 1
  5. To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:
    To remove or expel by cutting off or out.
    Categories (topical): Surgery
    Sense id: en-kerven-enm-verb-nbcck~OF Disambiguation of Surgery: 13 13 28 13 24 3 1 5 1 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 3 23 5 9 2 2 2 6 19 4 12 4 3 3 2 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 2 25 3 5 3 2 3 10 21 3 13 3 3 3 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 2 30 2 3 2 1 2 7 26 2 15 2 2 2 1
  6. To carve; to carve into or in the likeness of.
    Sense id: en-kerven-enm-verb-88hsPgjH
  7. To divide or separate; to split up.
    Sense id: en-kerven-enm-verb-HRbm~NAr
  8. To eliminate or destroy; to take away.
    Sense id: en-kerven-enm-verb-a7k2z-6x
  9. To go across; to exist across.
    Sense id: en-kerven-enm-verb-9rkLCiUD
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: forkerven, kerf

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerf"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerfbank"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerfbeitel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerfbijl"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerfboothamer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerfdier"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerfhak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerfhamer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerfhout"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerfkist"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerfmachine"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerfmes"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerfnagel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerfpartij"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerfrand"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerfsnijmes"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerfsnijwerk"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerfstok"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerftaaiheid"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerftabak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerfvijl"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerfwerk"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerver"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kerving"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "aankerven"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "afkerven"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bekerven"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "doorkerven"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "fijnkerven"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "inkerven"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "loskerven"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ontkerven"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "openkerven"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "opkerven"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "overkerven"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "rondkerven"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "stukkerven"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "toekerven"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "uitkerven"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "verkerven"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pap",
            "2": "skèrf",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Papiamentu: skèrf",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Papiamentu: skèrf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gerbʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "kerven"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch kerven",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*kervan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *kervan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kerban"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kerban",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kerbaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kerbaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch kerven, from Old Dutch *kervan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nl-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "Flanders",
        "colloquial",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "majestic",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "Flanders",
        "colloquial",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "majestic",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervend",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gekerfd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nl-conj-st",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "3b",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "Flanders",
        "colloquial",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "majestic",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "Flanders",
        "colloquial",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "majestic",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervend",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gekorven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "kerven",
      "name": "nl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ker‧ven"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kerf",
        "2": "kerve"
      },
      "name": "nl-conj-wk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kerf",
        "2": "korf",
        "3": "korven",
        "4": "kerve",
        "5": "korve",
        "class": "3b"
      },
      "name": "nl-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 76 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 74 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch verbs with two conjugations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 23 5 9 2 2 2 6 19 4 12 4 3 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 25 3 5 3 2 3 10 21 3 13 3 3 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 30 2 3 2 1 2 7 26 2 15 2 2 2 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cut, gouge out"
      ],
      "id": "en-kerven-nl-verb-5c~Q0vL4",
      "links": [
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ],
        [
          "gouge",
          "gouge"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to cut, gouge out"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to carve (out); (cut a) notch"
      ],
      "id": "en-kerven-nl-verb-Tm5j~it7",
      "links": [
        [
          "carve",
          "carve"
        ],
        [
          "notch",
          "notch"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to carve (out); (cut a) notch"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "Nl-kerven.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/Nl-kerven.ogg/Nl-kerven.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Nl-kerven.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkɛr.və(n)/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛrvən"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kerven"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gerbʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "kerven"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch kerven",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*kervan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *kervan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kerban"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kerban",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kerbaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kerbaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch kerven, from Old Dutch *kervan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "noun form"
      },
      "expansion": "kerven",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ker‧ven"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "kerf"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "plural of kerf"
      ],
      "id": "en-kerven-nl-noun-EbdwncXz",
      "links": [
        [
          "kerf",
          "kerf#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "Nl-kerven.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/Nl-kerven.ogg/Nl-kerven.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Nl-kerven.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkɛr.və(n)/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛrvən"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kerven"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "kerven"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: kerven",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: kerven"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*kervan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *kervan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kerban"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kerban",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kerbaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kerbaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *kervan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dum-conj-st",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervens",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karf",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korve",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerves",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korfs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korves",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerves",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korves",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karf",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korve",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korft",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korvet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korvet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerf",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervende",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gekorven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": "",
        "head2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "kerven",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "kerven",
      "name": "dum-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kerv",
        "2": "karv",
        "3": "korv",
        "4": "gekorven",
        "class": "3"
      },
      "name": "dum-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Dutch",
  "lang_code": "dum",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "57 21 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to carve, to cut out"
      ],
      "id": "en-kerven-dum-verb-7eAqoMnl",
      "links": [
        [
          "carve",
          "carve"
        ],
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to cut through, to cut into pieces"
      ],
      "id": "en-kerven-dum-verb-IsN9REfr",
      "links": [
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to destroy, to break"
      ],
      "id": "en-kerven-dum-verb-tTG-AhBk",
      "links": [
        [
          "destroy",
          "destroy"
        ],
        [
          "break",
          "break"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kerven"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "English: carve"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Scots: cairve, kerve, kerf, carf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ċeorfan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ċeorfan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kerban"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kerban",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kerbaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kerbaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English ċeorfan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.\nThe total depalatalization of most forms seems to have arisen from analogy to past plural curven and past participle corven; compare cherven.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-st",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "carf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "curve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "corve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "carf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerveth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "carf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "curve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "corve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "curven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "curve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "corven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "corve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerveth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "corven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "corve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ycorven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ycorve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "carve",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "carven",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerven",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karven",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kirven",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyrvyn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceorfan",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceorfæn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keorven",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "kerven",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kerv",
        "2": "carf",
        "3": "curv",
        "3a": "corv",
        "4": "corv",
        "c": "3"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "forkerven"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kerf"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 13 28 13 24 3 1 5 1",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Surgery",
          "orig": "enm:Surgery",
          "parents": [
            "Medicine",
            "Biology",
            "Healthcare",
            "Sciences",
            "Health",
            "All topics",
            "Body",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
        "To cut into; to slice (especially meat)."
      ],
      "id": "en-kerven-enm-verb-Y48J2FVi",
      "links": [
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ],
        [
          "stab",
          "stab"
        ],
        [
          "slash",
          "slash"
        ],
        [
          "cutting",
          "cutting"
        ],
        [
          "stabbing",
          "stabbing"
        ],
        [
          "into",
          "into"
        ],
        [
          "slice",
          "slice"
        ],
        [
          "meat",
          "meat"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 13 28 13 24 3 1 5 1",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Surgery",
          "orig": "enm:Surgery",
          "parents": [
            "Medicine",
            "Biology",
            "Healthcare",
            "Sciences",
            "Health",
            "All topics",
            "Body",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
        "To make surgical incisions or perform surgical operations."
      ],
      "id": "en-kerven-enm-verb-RfE~nFK5",
      "links": [
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ],
        [
          "stab",
          "stab"
        ],
        [
          "slash",
          "slash"
        ],
        [
          "cutting",
          "cutting"
        ],
        [
          "stabbing",
          "stabbing"
        ],
        [
          "incisions",
          "incisions"
        ],
        [
          "surgical",
          "surgical"
        ],
        [
          "operations",
          "operations"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 23 5 9 2 2 2 6 19 4 12 4 3 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 25 3 5 3 2 3 10 21 3 13 3 3 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 30 2 3 2 1 2 7 26 2 15 2 2 2 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 13 28 13 24 3 1 5 1",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Surgery",
          "orig": "enm:Surgery",
          "parents": [
            "Medicine",
            "Biology",
            "Healthcare",
            "Sciences",
            "Health",
            "All topics",
            "Body",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
        "To mince or slice up (slice into bits)"
      ],
      "id": "en-kerven-enm-verb-bk9KPhYn",
      "links": [
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ],
        [
          "stab",
          "stab"
        ],
        [
          "slash",
          "slash"
        ],
        [
          "cutting",
          "cutting"
        ],
        [
          "stabbing",
          "stabbing"
        ],
        [
          "mince",
          "mince"
        ],
        [
          "slice",
          "slice#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 13 28 13 24 3 1 5 1",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Surgery",
          "orig": "enm:Surgery",
          "parents": [
            "Medicine",
            "Biology",
            "Healthcare",
            "Sciences",
            "Health",
            "All topics",
            "Body",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
        "To separate by cutting; to cut apart."
      ],
      "id": "en-kerven-enm-verb-5RReE8RX",
      "links": [
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ],
        [
          "stab",
          "stab"
        ],
        [
          "slash",
          "slash"
        ],
        [
          "cutting",
          "cutting"
        ],
        [
          "stabbing",
          "stabbing"
        ],
        [
          "separate",
          "separate"
        ],
        [
          "apart",
          "apart"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 23 5 9 2 2 2 6 19 4 12 4 3 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 25 3 5 3 2 3 10 21 3 13 3 3 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 30 2 3 2 1 2 7 26 2 15 2 2 2 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 13 28 13 24 3 1 5 1",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Surgery",
          "orig": "enm:Surgery",
          "parents": [
            "Medicine",
            "Biology",
            "Healthcare",
            "Sciences",
            "Health",
            "All topics",
            "Body",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
        "To remove or expel by cutting off or out."
      ],
      "id": "en-kerven-enm-verb-nbcck~OF",
      "links": [
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ],
        [
          "stab",
          "stab"
        ],
        [
          "slash",
          "slash"
        ],
        [
          "cutting",
          "cutting"
        ],
        [
          "stabbing",
          "stabbing"
        ],
        [
          "off",
          "off"
        ],
        [
          "out",
          "out"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To carve; to carve into or in the likeness of."
      ],
      "id": "en-kerven-enm-verb-88hsPgjH",
      "links": [
        [
          "carve",
          "carve"
        ],
        [
          "into",
          "into"
        ],
        [
          "likeness",
          "likeness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To divide or separate; to split up."
      ],
      "id": "en-kerven-enm-verb-HRbm~NAr",
      "links": [
        [
          "divide",
          "divide"
        ],
        [
          "separate",
          "separate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To eliminate or destroy; to take away."
      ],
      "id": "en-kerven-enm-verb-a7k2z-6x",
      "links": [
        [
          "eliminate",
          "eliminate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To go across; to exist across."
      ],
      "id": "en-kerven-enm-verb-9rkLCiUD",
      "links": [
        [
          "go",
          "go"
        ],
        [
          "across",
          "across"
        ],
        [
          "exist",
          "exist"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkɛrvən/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛrvən"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kerven"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch basic verbs",
    "Dutch class 3b strong verbs",
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch non-lemma forms",
    "Dutch noun forms",
    "Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gerbʰ-",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Dutch verbs",
    "Dutch verbs with two conjugations",
    "Dutch weak verbs",
    "Middle English class 3 strong verbs",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ɛrvən",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ɛrvən/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:Middle English/ɛrvən",
    "Rhymes:Middle English/ɛrvən/1 syllable",
    "enm:Surgery"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "kerf"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerfbank"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerfbeitel"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerfbijl"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerfboothamer"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerfdier"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerfhak"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerfhamer"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerfhout"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerfkist"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerfmachine"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerfmes"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerfnagel"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerfpartij"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerfrand"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerfsnijmes"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerfsnijwerk"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerfstok"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerftaaiheid"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerftabak"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerfvijl"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerfwerk"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerver"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerving"
    },
    {
      "word": "aankerven"
    },
    {
      "word": "afkerven"
    },
    {
      "word": "bekerven"
    },
    {
      "word": "doorkerven"
    },
    {
      "word": "fijnkerven"
    },
    {
      "word": "inkerven"
    },
    {
      "word": "loskerven"
    },
    {
      "word": "ontkerven"
    },
    {
      "word": "openkerven"
    },
    {
      "word": "opkerven"
    },
    {
      "word": "overkerven"
    },
    {
      "word": "rondkerven"
    },
    {
      "word": "stukkerven"
    },
    {
      "word": "toekerven"
    },
    {
      "word": "uitkerven"
    },
    {
      "word": "verkerven"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pap",
            "2": "skèrf",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Papiamentu: skèrf",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Papiamentu: skèrf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gerbʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "kerven"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch kerven",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*kervan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *kervan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kerban"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kerban",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kerbaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kerbaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch kerven, from Old Dutch *kervan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nl-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "Flanders",
        "colloquial",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "majestic",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "Flanders",
        "colloquial",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "majestic",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervend",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gekerfd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nl-conj-st",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "3b",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "Flanders",
        "colloquial",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "majestic",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "Flanders",
        "colloquial",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "majestic",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervend",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gekorven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "kerven",
      "name": "nl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ker‧ven"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kerf",
        "2": "kerve"
      },
      "name": "nl-conj-wk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kerf",
        "2": "korf",
        "3": "korven",
        "4": "kerve",
        "5": "korve",
        "class": "3b"
      },
      "name": "nl-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Dutch intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cut, gouge out"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ],
        [
          "gouge",
          "gouge"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to cut, gouge out"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Dutch transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to carve (out); (cut a) notch"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "carve",
          "carve"
        ],
        [
          "notch",
          "notch"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to carve (out); (cut a) notch"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "Nl-kerven.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/Nl-kerven.ogg/Nl-kerven.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Nl-kerven.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkɛr.və(n)/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛrvən"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kerven"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch basic verbs",
    "Dutch class 3b strong verbs",
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch non-lemma forms",
    "Dutch noun forms",
    "Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gerbʰ-",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Dutch verbs",
    "Dutch verbs with two conjugations",
    "Dutch weak verbs",
    "Middle English class 3 strong verbs",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ɛrvən",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ɛrvən/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:Middle English/ɛrvən",
    "Rhymes:Middle English/ɛrvən/1 syllable",
    "enm:Surgery"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gerbʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "kerven"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch kerven",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*kervan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *kervan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kerban"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kerban",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kerbaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kerbaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch kerven, from Old Dutch *kervan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "noun form"
      },
      "expansion": "kerven",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ker‧ven"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "kerf"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "plural of kerf"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "kerf",
          "kerf#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "Nl-kerven.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/Nl-kerven.ogg/Nl-kerven.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Nl-kerven.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkɛr.və(n)/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛrvən"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kerven"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle Dutch class 3 strong verbs",
    "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle Dutch lemmas",
    "Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
    "Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
    "Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle Dutch verbs",
    "Middle English class 3 strong verbs",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Middle English/ɛrvən",
    "Rhymes:Middle English/ɛrvən/1 syllable",
    "enm:Surgery"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "kerven"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: kerven",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: kerven"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*kervan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *kervan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kerban"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kerban",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kerbaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kerbaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *kervan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dum-conj-st",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervens",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karf",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korve",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerves",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korfs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korves",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerfs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerves",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korves",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karf",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korve",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korft",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korvet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korvet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "korven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerf",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerft",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervet",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervende",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gekorven",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": "",
        "head2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "kerven",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "kerven",
      "name": "dum-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kerv",
        "2": "karv",
        "3": "korv",
        "4": "gekorven",
        "class": "3"
      },
      "name": "dum-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Dutch",
  "lang_code": "dum",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to carve, to cut out"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "carve",
          "carve"
        ],
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to cut through, to cut into pieces"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to destroy, to break"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "destroy",
          "destroy"
        ],
        [
          "break",
          "break"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kerven"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English class 3 strong verbs",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Middle English/ɛrvən",
    "Rhymes:Middle English/ɛrvən/1 syllable",
    "enm:Surgery"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "English: carve"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Scots: cairve, kerve, kerf, carf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ċeorfan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ċeorfan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kerban"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kerban",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kerbaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kerbaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English ċeorfan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.\nThe total depalatalization of most forms seems to have arisen from analogy to past plural curven and past participle corven; compare cherven.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-st",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "carf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "curve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "corve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "carf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerveth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "carf",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "curve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "corve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "curven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "curve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "corven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "corve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerveth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kervende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "corven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "corve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ycorven",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ycorve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "carve",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "carven",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerven",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karven",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kerve",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kirven",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kyrvyn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceorfan",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceorfæn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "keorven",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "kerven",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kerv",
        "2": "carf",
        "3": "curv",
        "3a": "corv",
        "4": "corv",
        "c": "3"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "forkerven"
    },
    {
      "word": "kerf"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
        "To cut into; to slice (especially meat)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ],
        [
          "stab",
          "stab"
        ],
        [
          "slash",
          "slash"
        ],
        [
          "cutting",
          "cutting"
        ],
        [
          "stabbing",
          "stabbing"
        ],
        [
          "into",
          "into"
        ],
        [
          "slice",
          "slice"
        ],
        [
          "meat",
          "meat"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
        "To make surgical incisions or perform surgical operations."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ],
        [
          "stab",
          "stab"
        ],
        [
          "slash",
          "slash"
        ],
        [
          "cutting",
          "cutting"
        ],
        [
          "stabbing",
          "stabbing"
        ],
        [
          "incisions",
          "incisions"
        ],
        [
          "surgical",
          "surgical"
        ],
        [
          "operations",
          "operations"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
        "To mince or slice up (slice into bits)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ],
        [
          "stab",
          "stab"
        ],
        [
          "slash",
          "slash"
        ],
        [
          "cutting",
          "cutting"
        ],
        [
          "stabbing",
          "stabbing"
        ],
        [
          "mince",
          "mince"
        ],
        [
          "slice",
          "slice#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
        "To separate by cutting; to cut apart."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ],
        [
          "stab",
          "stab"
        ],
        [
          "slash",
          "slash"
        ],
        [
          "cutting",
          "cutting"
        ],
        [
          "stabbing",
          "stabbing"
        ],
        [
          "separate",
          "separate"
        ],
        [
          "apart",
          "apart"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:",
        "To remove or expel by cutting off or out."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ],
        [
          "stab",
          "stab"
        ],
        [
          "slash",
          "slash"
        ],
        [
          "cutting",
          "cutting"
        ],
        [
          "stabbing",
          "stabbing"
        ],
        [
          "off",
          "off"
        ],
        [
          "out",
          "out"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To carve; to carve into or in the likeness of."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "carve",
          "carve"
        ],
        [
          "into",
          "into"
        ],
        [
          "likeness",
          "likeness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To divide or separate; to split up."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "divide",
          "divide"
        ],
        [
          "separate",
          "separate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To eliminate or destroy; to take away."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "eliminate",
          "eliminate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To go across; to exist across."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "go",
          "go"
        ],
        [
          "across",
          "across"
        ],
        [
          "exist",
          "exist"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkɛrvən/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛrvən"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kerven"
}

Download raw JSONL data for kerven meaning in All languages combined (25.0kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: kerven/Middle Dutch 'base form' base_tags={'infinitive'}",
  "path": [
    "kerven"
  ],
  "section": "Middle Dutch",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "kerven",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (4eaa824 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.