See kalma on Wiktionary
{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "urj-fin-pro", "3": "*kalma" }, "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *kalma", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "urj-pro", "3": "*kalma" }, "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *kalma", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "myv", "2": "калмо", "3": "", "4": "grave" }, "expansion": "Erzya калмо (kalmo, “grave”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *kalma, likely from Proto-Uralic *kalma (whence e.g. Erzya калмо (kalmo, “grave”)) and a doublet with kuolema.", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "fi-decl-kala", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "no gradation", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "9/kala", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "kalma", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmat", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalma", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmat", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalman", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmat", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalman", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmain", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural", "rare" ] }, { "form": "kalmaa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoja", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmassa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoissa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmasta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoista", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoihin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalla", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoilla", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoilta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalle", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoille", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmana", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoina", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaksi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiksi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmatta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoitta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "See the possessive forms below.", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "fi-decl-kala", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "no gradation", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "9/kala", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "fi-decl-kala", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "kalmani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojeni", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaini", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural", "rare" ] }, { "form": "kalmaani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmassani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoissani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmastani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoistani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoihini", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmallani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaltani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiltani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalleni", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoilleni", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmanani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmakseni", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmoikseni", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmattani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoittani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoineni", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "fi-decl-kala", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "kalmasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojesi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaisi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural", "rare" ] }, { "form": "kalmaasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmassasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoissasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmastasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoistasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoihisi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmallasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaltasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiltasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmallesi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillesi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmanasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaksesi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiksesi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmattasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoittasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinesi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "fi-decl-kala", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "kalmamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojemme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaimme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural", "rare" ] }, { "form": "kalmaamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmassamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoissamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmastamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoistamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoihimme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmallamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaltamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiltamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmallemme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillemme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmanamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaksemme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiksemme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmattamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoittamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinemme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "fi-decl-kala", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "kalmanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojenne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmainne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural", "rare" ] }, { "form": "kalmaanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmassanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoissanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmastanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoistanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoihinne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmallanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaltanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiltanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmallenne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillenne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmananne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaksenne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiksenne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmattanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoittanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinenne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "fi-decl-kala", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "kalmansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojensa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmainsa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural", "rare" ] }, { "form": "kalmaansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmojansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmassaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmassansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoissaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoissansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmastaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmastansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoistaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoistansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoihinsa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmallaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmallansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaltaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmaltansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiltaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiltansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalleen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmallensa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoilleen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillensa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmanaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmanansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmakseen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmaksensa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmoikseen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiksensa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmattaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmattansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoittaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoittansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoineen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinensa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "nouns", "cat2": "", "g": "", "head": "", "sort": "" }, "expansion": "kalma", "name": "head" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "kalma", "name": "fi-noun" }, { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "literary" }, "expansion": "(literary)", "name": "tlb" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "kalm", "2": "", "3": "", "4": "a" }, "name": "fi-decl-kala" } ], "lang": "Finnish", "lang_code": "fi", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Finnish kala-type nominals", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Finnish terms with collocations", "parents": [ "Terms with collocations", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 8 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "fi", "name": "Death", "orig": "fi:Death", "parents": [ "Body", "Life", "All topics", "Nature", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "15 15 11 14 0 13 13 15 1 0 0 2 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 8 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "kalmannos" }, { "word": "kalmea" }, { "word": "kalmo" }, { "word": "kalmanhaju" }, { "word": "kalmankalpea" }, { "word": "kalmankatkuinen" } ], "examples": [ { "english": "the odor of death", "text": "kalman haju", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "death" ], "id": "en-kalma-fi-noun-UsjgKYfM", "links": [ [ "death", "death" ] ], "tags": [ "literary" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈkɑlmɑ/" }, { "ipa": "[ˈkɑ̝lmɑ̝]" }, { "rhymes": "-ɑlmɑ" } ], "word": "kalma" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ha", "2": "ar", "3": "كَلِمَة" }, "expansion": "Arabic كَلِمَة (kalima)", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "From Arabic كَلِمَة (kalima).", "forms": [ { "form": "kalmā̀", "tags": [ "canonical", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "kalmōmī", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmàr̃", "tags": [ "possessed-form" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "f", "2": "kalmā̀", "3": "kalmōmī" }, "expansion": "kalmā̀ f (plural kalmōmī, possessed form kalmàr̃)", "name": "ha-noun" } ], "lang": "Hausa", "lang_code": "ha", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Hausa entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 8 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "15 15 11 14 0 13 13 15 1 0 0 2 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 8 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "word" ], "id": "en-kalma-ha-noun-mMHrTuk0", "links": [ [ "word", "word" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/kál.màː/" }, { "ipa": "[kál.màː]", "note": "Standard Kano Hausa" } ], "word": "kalma" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "io", "2": "en", "3": "calm" }, "expansion": "English calm", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "io", "2": "fr", "3": "calme" }, "expansion": "French calme", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "io", "2": "it", "3": "calmo" }, "expansion": "Italian calmo", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "io", "2": "es", "3": "calmo" }, "expansion": "Spanish calmo", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "calm", "2": "calme", "3": "", "4": "calmo", "5": "", "6": "calmo" }, "expansion": "Borrowed from English calm, French calme, Italian calmo, Spanish calmo.", "name": "io-bor" }, { "args": { "1": "14", "p": "578", "vol": "2" }, "expansion": "Decision no. 14, Progreso II.", "name": "progreso" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from English calm, French calme, Italian calmo, Spanish calmo. Decision no. 14, Progreso II.", "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "kalma", "name": "io-head" } ], "lang": "Ido", "lang_code": "io", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Ido entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Ido terms approved in Progreso II", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 8 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "15 15 11 14 0 13 13 15 1 0 0 2 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 8 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "derived": [ { "english": "to calm", "tags": [ "intransitive" ], "word": "kalmeskar" }, { "english": "to calm", "tags": [ "transitive" ], "word": "kalmigar" }, { "english": "anodyne, sedative", "word": "kalmigiva" }, { "english": "anodyne, sedative", "word": "kalmigivo" } ], "glosses": [ "calm, still, placid" ], "id": "en-kalma-io-adj-9sXx3HDY", "links": [ [ "calm", "calm#English" ], [ "still", "still#English" ], [ "placid", "placid#English" ] ], "qualifier": "objects; people or figuratively; objects; people or figuratively", "raw_glosses": [ "(objects, people or figuratively) calm, still, placid" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈkalma/" } ], "word": "kalma" } { "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "kalmaluu" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "izh", "2": "urj-fin-pro", "3": "*kalma" }, "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *kalma", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "kalma" }, "expansion": "Finnish kalma", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "et", "2": "kalm" }, "expansion": "Estonian kalm", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *kalma. Cognates include Finnish kalma and Estonian kalm.", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "izh-decl/kana", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "no gradation", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "3/kana", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "kalma", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmat", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalman", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoja", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaas", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmois", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmast", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoist", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalle", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoille", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaal", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoil", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalt", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoilt", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaks", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiks", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmanna", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinna", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmant", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "exessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoint", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "exessive", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "izh", "2": "noun" }, "expansion": "kalma", "name": "head" } ], "hyphenation": [ "kal‧ma" ], "lang": "Ingrian", "lang_code": "izh", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "15 15 11 14 0 13 13 15 1 0 0 2 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 8 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "14 14 11 20 0 12 12 14 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "97 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Ingrian entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "english": "When I look at the stones of the sea // It's like a big burial mound:", "ref": "1916, Volmari Porkka, quoting Maaroi Tarinaisista, “1455. Soikkola, Viistinä. III 326.”, in Väinö Salminen, V. Alava, editor, Suomen Kansan Vanhat Runot. Länsi-Inkerin runot, volume III2, Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, lines 14-15:", "text": "Ku katson meroin kivvooja // Niiku suuren kalman päälle:", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "burial mound" ], "id": "en-kalma-izh-noun-h33qTrcB", "links": [ [ "burial mound", "burial mound" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "98 2", "sense": "burial mound", "word": "hautapeentara" } ] }, { "glosses": [ "graveyard" ], "id": "en-kalma-izh-noun-rGlW1MRL", "links": [ [ "graveyard", "graveyard" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(in the plural) graveyard" ], "tags": [ "in-plural" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈkɑlmɑ/", "tags": [ "Ala-Laukaa" ] }, { "ipa": "[ˈkɑɫm]", "tags": [ "Ala-Laukaa" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈkɑlmɑ/", "tags": [ "Soikkola" ] }, { "ipa": "[ˈkɑɫmɑ]", "tags": [ "Soikkola" ] }, { "rhymes": "-ɑlm" }, { "rhymes": "-ɑlmɑ" } ], "word": "kalma" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "kea", "2": "pt", "3": "acalmar" }, "expansion": "Portuguese acalmar", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "From Portuguese acalmar.", "forms": [ { "form": "kalmá", "tags": [ "alternative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "kea", "2": "verb" }, "expansion": "kalma", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "lang_code": "kea", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Kabuverdianu entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 8 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Sotavento Kabuverdianu", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "15 15 11 14 0 13 13 15 1 0 0 2 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 8 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "to calm" ], "id": "en-kalma-kea-verb-8ggGMCaX", "links": [ [ "calm", "calm" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Sotavento) to calm" ], "synonyms": [ { "tags": [ "Sotavento" ], "word": "branda" }, { "tags": [ "Barlavento" ], "word": "sosegá" } ], "tags": [ "Sotavento" ] } ], "word": "kalma" } { "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "kalma", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Tagalog: kalma", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Tagalog: kalma" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pam", "2": "sa", "3": "कर्मन्" }, "expansion": "Sanskrit कर्मन् (karman)", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "From Sanskrit कर्मन् (karman).", "forms": [ { "form": "kalmâ", "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "calma", "tags": [ "alternative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "kalmâ" }, "expansion": "kalmâ", "name": "pam-noun" } ], "lang": "Kapampangan", "lang_code": "pam", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Kapampangan entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 8 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "15 15 11 14 0 13 13 15 1 0 0 2 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 8 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "fate; fortune" ], "id": "en-kalma-pam-noun-uKTUsTfH", "links": [ [ "fate", "fate" ], [ "fortune", "fortune" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/kəlˈmaʔ/" }, { "ipa": "[kəlˈmäʔ]" } ], "word": "kalma" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "liv", "2": "urj-fin-pro", "3": "*kalma" }, "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *kalma", "name": "inh" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *kalma.", "forms": [ { "form": "kālma", "tags": [ "alternative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "liv", "2": "noun" }, "expansion": "kalma", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Livonian", "lang_code": "liv", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Livonian entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 8 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "15 15 11 14 0 13 13 15 1 0 0 2 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 8 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "grave" ], "id": "en-kalma-liv-noun-6-~hhBcf", "links": [ [ "grave", "grave" ] ] } ], "word": "kalma" } { "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "es", "3": "calma" }, "expansion": "Borrowed from Spanish calma", "name": "bor+" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "LL.", "3": "cauma" }, "expansion": "Late Latin cauma", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "grc", "3": "καῦμα" }, "expansion": "Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma)", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Spanish calma, from Late Latin cauma, ultimately from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma).", "forms": [ { "form": "ᜃᜎ᜔ᜋ", "tags": [ "Baybayin" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "b": "+" }, "expansion": "kalma (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎ᜔ᜋ)", "name": "tl-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "kal‧ma" ], "lang": "Tagalog", "lang_code": "tl", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "calmness; peace; stillness" ], "id": "en-kalma-tl-noun-94CK7otZ", "links": [ [ "calmness", "calmness" ], [ "peace", "peace" ], [ "stillness", "stillness" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "hinahon" }, { "word": "pagkahinahon" }, { "word": "kapayapaan" } ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "17 2 3 51 28", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "21 3 3 51 22", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "41 6 7 45", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "41 6 7 45", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "32 5 6 35 23", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog terms with maragsa pronunciation", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "21 3 3 50 22", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "silence" ], "id": "en-kalma-tl-noun-5sGP2-WX", "links": [ [ "silence", "silence" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "katahimikan" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈkalma/" }, { "ipa": "[ˈkal.mɐ]" }, { "rhymes": "-alma" }, { "ipa": "/kalˈma/" }, { "ipa": "[kɐlˈma]" }, { "rhymes": "-a" } ], "word": "kalma" } { "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "es", "3": "calma" }, "expansion": "Borrowed from Spanish calma", "name": "bor+" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "LL.", "3": "cauma" }, "expansion": "Late Latin cauma", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "grc", "3": "καῦμα" }, "expansion": "Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma)", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Spanish calma, from Late Latin cauma, ultimately from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma).", "forms": [ { "form": "kalmá", "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "ᜃᜎ᜔ᜋ", "tags": [ "Baybayin" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "kalmá", "b": "+" }, "expansion": "kalmá (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎ᜔ᜋ)", "name": "tl-adj" } ], "hyphenation": [ "kal‧ma" ], "lang": "Tagalog", "lang_code": "tl", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "41 6 7 45", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "41 6 7 45", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "32 5 6 35 23", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog terms with maragsa pronunciation", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "calm; peaceful; still" ], "id": "en-kalma-tl-adj-oyBDQv9k", "links": [ [ "calm", "calm" ], [ "peaceful", "peaceful" ], [ "still", "still" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "kalmado" }, { "word": "mahinahon" }, { "word": "payapa" } ] }, { "glosses": [ "silent" ], "id": "en-kalma-tl-adj-WpufyOmG", "links": [ [ "silent", "silent" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "tahimik" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈkalma/" }, { "ipa": "[ˈkal.mɐ]" }, { "rhymes": "-alma" }, { "ipa": "/kalˈma/" }, { "ipa": "[kɐlˈma]" }, { "rhymes": "-a" } ], "word": "kalma" } { "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "pam", "3": "kalma" }, "expansion": "Borrowed from Kapampangan kalma", "name": "bor+" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "sa", "3": "कर्मन्" }, "expansion": "Sanskrit कर्मन् (karman)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "karma" }, "expansion": "Doublet of karma", "name": "doublet" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Kapampangan kalma, ultimately from Sanskrit कर्मन् (karman). Doublet of karma.", "forms": [ { "form": "kalmâ", "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "ᜃᜎ᜔ᜋ", "tags": [ "Baybayin" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "kalmâ", "b": "+" }, "expansion": "kalmâ (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎ᜔ᜋ)", "name": "tl-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "kal‧ma" ], "lang": "Tagalog", "lang_code": "tl", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "32 5 6 35 23", "kind": "other", "name": "Tagalog terms with maragsa pronunciation", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "good fortune or pleasure" ], "id": "en-kalma-tl-noun-k2zvN3Og", "links": [ [ "good", "good" ], [ "fortune", "fortune" ], [ "pleasure", "pleasure" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/kalˈmaʔ/", "tags": [ "Standard-Tagalog" ] }, { "ipa": "[kɐlˈmaʔ]", "tags": [ "Standard-Tagalog" ] }, { "rhymes": "-aʔ" } ], "word": "kalma" } { "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "syd-pro", "2": "*kålmɜ" }, "expansion": "Proto-Samoyedic: *kålmɜ", "name": "desc" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)", "name": "see desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Samoyedic: *kålmɜ (see there for further descendants)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "Mordvinic: *kalmə, *kalma-" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "myv", "2": "калмо", "3": "калмамс", "t": "grave", "t2": "to bury" }, "expansion": "Erzya: калмо (kalmo, “grave”), калмамс (kalmams, “to bury”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Erzya: калмо (kalmo, “grave”), калмамс (kalmams, “to bury”)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "mdf", "2": "калма", "3": "калмамс", "t": "grave", "t2": "to bury" }, "expansion": "Moksha: калма (kalma, “grave”), калмамс (kalmams, “to bury”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Moksha: калма (kalma, “grave”), калмамс (kalmams, “to bury”)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "urj-fin-pro", "2": "*kalma", "t": "grave, death" }, "expansion": "Proto-Finnic: *kalma (“grave, death”)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)", "name": "see desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Finnic: *kalma (“grave, death”) (see there for further descendants)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "urj-pro", "2": "*kale-", "3": "*-ma", "t1": "to die" }, "expansion": "*kale- (“to die”) + *-ma", "name": "suffix" } ], "etymology_text": "From *kale- (“to die”) + *-ma. The reconstruction *kalema cannot be clearly ruled out.\nFor previously included cognates in Samic, see *kolmes.", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "urj-pro", "2": "noun" }, "expansion": "*kalma", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Proto-Uralic", "lang_code": "urj-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/kalma", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "25 25 25 25", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "54 46", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "54 46", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Uralic terms suffixed with *-ma", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "grave" ], "id": "en-kalma-urj-pro-noun-6-~hhBcf", "links": [ [ "grave", "grave" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "25 25 25 25", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "54 46", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "54 46", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Uralic terms suffixed with *-ma", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "? death" ], "id": "en-kalma-urj-pro-noun-HON29xX~", "links": [ [ "death", "death" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "word": "kalma" } { "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "kalmisto" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "et", "2": "kalm" }, "expansion": "Estonian: kalm", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Estonian: kalm" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "kalma" }, "expansion": "Finnish: kalma", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Finnish: kalma" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "izh", "2": "kalmat", "t": "cemetery" }, "expansion": "Ingrian: kalmat (“cemetery”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Ingrian: kalmat (“cemetery”)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "krl", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Karelian:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Karelian:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "North Karelian: kalma" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "South Karelian: kalma" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "liv", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Livonian:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Livonian:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Courland Livonian: kālma" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Vidzeme Livonian: kālme" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "olo", "2": "kalmu" }, "expansion": "Livvi: kalmu", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Livvi: kalmu" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "lud", "2": "kalm" }, "expansion": "Ludian: kalm", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Ludian: kalm" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "vep", "2": "kaum", "3": "koum" }, "expansion": "Veps: kaum, koum", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Veps: kaum, koum" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "vro", "2": "kalm" }, "expansion": "Võro: kalm", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Võro: kalm" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "vot", "2": "kalmõ", "3": "kalmo" }, "expansion": "Votic: kalmõ, kalmo", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Votic: kalmõ, kalmo" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "smi-pro", "2": "*kālmē", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *kālmē", "name": "desc" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)", "name": "see desc" } ], "text": "→ Proto-Samic: *kālmē (see there for further descendants)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "urj-fin-pro", "2": "urj-pro", "3": "*kalma", "4": "", "5": "grave, death?" }, "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *kalma (“grave, death?”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "", "3": "*kwalmaz", "4": "killing, death" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kwalmaz (“killing, death”)", "name": "ncog" }, { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*kwalm" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kwalm", "name": "ncog" } ], "etymology_text": "Most likely from Proto-Uralic *kalma (“grave, death?”) (which would make the word a doublet with *koolëma), but compare also Proto-Germanic *kwalmaz (“killing, death”) (Proto-West Germanic *kwalm), *skalmǭ (“plague”).", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "urj-fin-decl", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "kalma", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmat", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalman", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmat", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalman", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmadën", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoidën", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmada", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "partitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoida", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "partitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmassa", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmahna", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoissa", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoihna", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmasta", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "elative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoista", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "elative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmahën", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "illative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoihën", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "illative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalla", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "adessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoilla", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "adessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalta", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoilta", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalën", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmalëk", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoilën", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoilëk", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmana", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoina", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaksi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "singular", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiksi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "plural", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalman", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instructive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoin", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instructive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmanëk", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "comitative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinëk", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "comitative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmatta", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "abessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoitta", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "abessive", "plural" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "kalma" }, "name": "urj-fin-decl" } ], "lang": "Proto-Finnic", "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kalma", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "25 25 25 25", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "50 50", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "50 50", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-oi", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "grave" ], "id": "en-kalma-urj-fin-pro-noun-6-~hhBcf", "links": [ [ "grave", "grave" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "25 25 25 25", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "50 50", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "50 50", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-oi", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "death" ], "id": "en-kalma-urj-fin-pro-noun-UsjgKYfM", "links": [ [ "death", "death" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "word": "kalma" }
{ "categories": [ "Pages with 8 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "derived": [ { "word": "kalmannos" }, { "word": "kalmea" }, { "word": "kalmo" }, { "word": "kalmanhaju" }, { "word": "kalmankalpea" }, { "word": "kalmankatkuinen" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "urj-fin-pro", "3": "*kalma" }, "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *kalma", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "urj-pro", "3": "*kalma" }, "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *kalma", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "myv", "2": "калмо", "3": "", "4": "grave" }, "expansion": "Erzya калмо (kalmo, “grave”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *kalma, likely from Proto-Uralic *kalma (whence e.g. Erzya калмо (kalmo, “grave”)) and a doublet with kuolema.", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "fi-decl-kala", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "no gradation", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "9/kala", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "kalma", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmat", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalma", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmat", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalman", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmat", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalman", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmain", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural", "rare" ] }, { "form": "kalmaa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoja", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmassa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoissa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmasta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoista", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoihin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalla", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoilla", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoilta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalle", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoille", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmana", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoina", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaksi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiksi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmatta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoitta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "See the possessive forms below.", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "fi-decl-kala", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "no gradation", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "9/kala", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "fi-decl-kala", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "kalmani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojeni", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaini", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural", "rare" ] }, { "form": "kalmaani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmassani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoissani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmastani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoistani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoihini", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmallani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaltani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiltani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalleni", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoilleni", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmanani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmakseni", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmoikseni", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmattani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoittani", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoineni", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "fi-decl-kala", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "kalmasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojesi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaisi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural", "rare" ] }, { "form": "kalmaasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmassasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoissasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmastasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoistasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoihisi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmallasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaltasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiltasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmallesi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillesi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmanasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaksesi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiksesi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmattasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoittasi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinesi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "fi-decl-kala", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "kalmamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojemme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaimme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural", "rare" ] }, { "form": "kalmaamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmassamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoissamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmastamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoistamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoihimme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmallamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaltamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiltamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmallemme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillemme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmanamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaksemme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiksemme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmattamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoittamme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinemme", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "fi-decl-kala", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "kalmanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojenne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmainne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural", "rare" ] }, { "form": "kalmaanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmassanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoissanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmastanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoistanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoihinne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmallanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaltanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiltanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmallenne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillenne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmananne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaksenne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiksenne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmattanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoittanne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinenne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "fi-decl-kala", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "kalmansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojensa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmainsa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural", "rare" ] }, { "form": "kalmaansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmojaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmojansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmassaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmassansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoissaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoissansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmastaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmastansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoistaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoistansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoihinsa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmallaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmallansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaltaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmaltansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiltaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiltansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalleen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmallensa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoilleen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoillensa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmanaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmanansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmakseen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmaksensa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmoikseen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiksensa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmattaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmattansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoittaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoittansa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "abessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instructive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoineen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinensa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "comitative", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "nouns", "cat2": "", "g": "", "head": "", "sort": "" }, "expansion": "kalma", "name": "head" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "kalma", "name": "fi-noun" }, { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "literary" }, "expansion": "(literary)", "name": "tlb" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "kalm", "2": "", "3": "", "4": "a" }, "name": "fi-decl-kala" } ], "lang": "Finnish", "lang_code": "fi", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Finnish 2-syllable words", "Finnish entries with incorrect language header", "Finnish kala-type nominals", "Finnish lemmas", "Finnish literary terms", "Finnish nouns", "Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic", "Finnish terms derived from Proto-Uralic", "Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic", "Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Uralic", "Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation", "Finnish terms with collocations", "Pages with 8 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:Finnish/ɑlmɑ", "Rhymes:Finnish/ɑlmɑ/2 syllables", "fi:Death" ], "examples": [ { "english": "the odor of death", "text": "kalman haju", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "death" ], "links": [ [ "death", "death" ] ], "tags": [ "literary" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈkɑlmɑ/" }, { "ipa": "[ˈkɑ̝lmɑ̝]" }, { "rhymes": "-ɑlmɑ" } ], "word": "kalma" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 8 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ha", "2": "ar", "3": "كَلِمَة" }, "expansion": "Arabic كَلِمَة (kalima)", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "From Arabic كَلِمَة (kalima).", "forms": [ { "form": "kalmā̀", "tags": [ "canonical", "feminine" ] }, { "form": "kalmōmī", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmàr̃", "tags": [ "possessed-form" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "f", "2": "kalmā̀", "3": "kalmōmī" }, "expansion": "kalmā̀ f (plural kalmōmī, possessed form kalmàr̃)", "name": "ha-noun" } ], "lang": "Hausa", "lang_code": "ha", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Hausa entries with incorrect language header", "Hausa feminine nouns", "Hausa lemmas", "Hausa nouns", "Hausa terms borrowed from Arabic", "Hausa terms derived from Arabic", "Hausa terms with IPA pronunciation", "Pages with 8 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "glosses": [ "word" ], "links": [ [ "word", "word" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/kál.màː/" }, { "ipa": "[kál.màː]", "note": "Standard Kano Hausa" } ], "word": "kalma" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 8 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "derived": [ { "english": "to calm", "tags": [ "intransitive" ], "word": "kalmeskar" }, { "english": "to calm", "tags": [ "transitive" ], "word": "kalmigar" }, { "english": "anodyne, sedative", "word": "kalmigiva" }, { "english": "anodyne, sedative", "word": "kalmigivo" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "io", "2": "en", "3": "calm" }, "expansion": "English calm", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "io", "2": "fr", "3": "calme" }, "expansion": "French calme", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "io", "2": "it", "3": "calmo" }, "expansion": "Italian calmo", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "io", "2": "es", "3": "calmo" }, "expansion": "Spanish calmo", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "calm", "2": "calme", "3": "", "4": "calmo", "5": "", "6": "calmo" }, "expansion": "Borrowed from English calm, French calme, Italian calmo, Spanish calmo.", "name": "io-bor" }, { "args": { "1": "14", "p": "578", "vol": "2" }, "expansion": "Decision no. 14, Progreso II.", "name": "progreso" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from English calm, French calme, Italian calmo, Spanish calmo. Decision no. 14, Progreso II.", "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "kalma", "name": "io-head" } ], "lang": "Ido", "lang_code": "io", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Ido adjectives", "Ido entries with incorrect language header", "Ido lemmas", "Ido terms approved in Progreso II", "Ido terms borrowed from English", "Ido terms borrowed from French", "Ido terms borrowed from Italian", "Ido terms borrowed from Spanish", "Ido terms derived from English", "Ido terms derived from French", "Ido terms derived from Italian", "Ido terms derived from Spanish", "Ido terms with IPA pronunciation", "Pages with 8 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "glosses": [ "calm, still, placid" ], "links": [ [ "calm", "calm#English" ], [ "still", "still#English" ], [ "placid", "placid#English" ] ], "qualifier": "objects; people or figuratively; objects; people or figuratively", "raw_glosses": [ "(objects, people or figuratively) calm, still, placid" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈkalma/" } ], "word": "kalma" } { "categories": [ "Ingrian entries with incorrect language header", "Ingrian lemmas", "Ingrian nouns", "Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic", "Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic", "Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation", "Pages with 8 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑlm", "Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑlm/2 syllables", "Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑlmɑ", "Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑlmɑ/2 syllables" ], "derived": [ { "word": "kalmaluu" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "izh", "2": "urj-fin-pro", "3": "*kalma" }, "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *kalma", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "kalma" }, "expansion": "Finnish kalma", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "et", "2": "kalm" }, "expansion": "Estonian kalm", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *kalma. Cognates include Finnish kalma and Estonian kalm.", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "izh-decl/kana", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "no gradation", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "3/kana", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "kalma", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmat", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalman", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoja", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "partitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoi", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "illative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaas", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmois", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmast", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoist", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "elative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalle", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoille", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaal", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoil", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "adessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalt", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoilt", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaks", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiks", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmanna", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmaan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinna", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoin", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmant", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "exessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoint", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "exessive", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "izh", "2": "noun" }, "expansion": "kalma", "name": "head" } ], "hyphenation": [ "kal‧ma" ], "lang": "Ingrian", "lang_code": "izh", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Ingrian terms with quotations" ], "examples": [ { "english": "When I look at the stones of the sea // It's like a big burial mound:", "ref": "1916, Volmari Porkka, quoting Maaroi Tarinaisista, “1455. Soikkola, Viistinä. III 326.”, in Väinö Salminen, V. Alava, editor, Suomen Kansan Vanhat Runot. Länsi-Inkerin runot, volume III2, Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, lines 14-15:", "text": "Ku katson meroin kivvooja // Niiku suuren kalman päälle:", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "burial mound" ], "links": [ [ "burial mound", "burial mound" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "graveyard" ], "links": [ [ "graveyard", "graveyard" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(in the plural) graveyard" ], "tags": [ "in-plural" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈkɑlmɑ/", "tags": [ "Ala-Laukaa" ] }, { "ipa": "[ˈkɑɫm]", "tags": [ "Ala-Laukaa" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈkɑlmɑ/", "tags": [ "Soikkola" ] }, { "ipa": "[ˈkɑɫmɑ]", "tags": [ "Soikkola" ] }, { "rhymes": "-ɑlm" }, { "rhymes": "-ɑlmɑ" } ], "synonyms": [ { "sense": "burial mound", "word": "hautapeentara" } ], "word": "kalma" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 8 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "kea", "2": "pt", "3": "acalmar" }, "expansion": "Portuguese acalmar", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "From Portuguese acalmar.", "forms": [ { "form": "kalmá", "tags": [ "alternative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "kea", "2": "verb" }, "expansion": "kalma", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Kabuverdianu", "lang_code": "kea", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Kabuverdianu entries with incorrect language header", "Kabuverdianu lemmas", "Kabuverdianu terms derived from Portuguese", "Kabuverdianu verbs", "Pages with 8 entries", "Pages with entries", "Sotavento Kabuverdianu" ], "glosses": [ "to calm" ], "links": [ [ "calm", "calm" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Sotavento) to calm" ], "synonyms": [ { "tags": [ "Sotavento" ], "word": "branda" }, { "tags": [ "Barlavento" ], "word": "sosegá" } ], "tags": [ "Sotavento" ] } ], "word": "kalma" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 8 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "kalma", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Tagalog: kalma", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Tagalog: kalma" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pam", "2": "sa", "3": "कर्मन्" }, "expansion": "Sanskrit कर्मन् (karman)", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "From Sanskrit कर्मन् (karman).", "forms": [ { "form": "kalmâ", "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "calma", "tags": [ "alternative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "kalmâ" }, "expansion": "kalmâ", "name": "pam-noun" } ], "lang": "Kapampangan", "lang_code": "pam", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Kapampangan entries with incorrect language header", "Kapampangan lemmas", "Kapampangan nouns", "Kapampangan terms derived from Sanskrit", "Kapampangan terms with IPA pronunciation", "Pages with 8 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "glosses": [ "fate; fortune" ], "links": [ [ "fate", "fate" ], [ "fortune", "fortune" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/kəlˈmaʔ/" }, { "ipa": "[kəlˈmäʔ]" } ], "word": "kalma" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 8 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "liv", "2": "urj-fin-pro", "3": "*kalma" }, "expansion": "Proto-Finnic *kalma", "name": "inh" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *kalma.", "forms": [ { "form": "kālma", "tags": [ "alternative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "liv", "2": "noun" }, "expansion": "kalma", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Livonian", "lang_code": "liv", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Livonian entries with incorrect language header", "Livonian lemmas", "Livonian nouns", "Livonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic", "Livonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic", "Pages with 8 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "glosses": [ "grave" ], "links": [ [ "grave", "grave" ] ] } ], "word": "kalma" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-Finnic lemmas", "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-oi", "Proto-Finnic nouns", "Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic", "Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic", "urj-fin-pro:Death" ], "derived": [ { "word": "kalmisto" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "et", "2": "kalm" }, "expansion": "Estonian: kalm", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Estonian: kalm" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fi", "2": "kalma" }, "expansion": "Finnish: kalma", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Finnish: kalma" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "izh", "2": "kalmat", "t": "cemetery" }, "expansion": "Ingrian: kalmat (“cemetery”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Ingrian: kalmat (“cemetery”)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "krl", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Karelian:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Karelian:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "North Karelian: kalma" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "South Karelian: kalma" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "liv", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Livonian:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Livonian:" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Courland Livonian: kālma" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Vidzeme Livonian: kālme" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "olo", "2": "kalmu" }, "expansion": "Livvi: kalmu", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Livvi: kalmu" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "lud", "2": "kalm" }, "expansion": "Ludian: kalm", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Ludian: kalm" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "vep", "2": "kaum", "3": "koum" }, "expansion": "Veps: kaum, koum", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Veps: kaum, koum" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "vro", "2": "kalm" }, "expansion": "Võro: kalm", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Võro: kalm" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "vot", "2": "kalmõ", "3": "kalmo" }, "expansion": "Votic: kalmõ, kalmo", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Votic: kalmõ, kalmo" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "smi-pro", "2": "*kālmē", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *kālmē", "name": "desc" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)", "name": "see desc" } ], "text": "→ Proto-Samic: *kālmē (see there for further descendants)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "urj-fin-pro", "2": "urj-pro", "3": "*kalma", "4": "", "5": "grave, death?" }, "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *kalma (“grave, death?”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "", "3": "*kwalmaz", "4": "killing, death" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kwalmaz (“killing, death”)", "name": "ncog" }, { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*kwalm" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kwalm", "name": "ncog" } ], "etymology_text": "Most likely from Proto-Uralic *kalma (“grave, death?”) (which would make the word a doublet with *koolëma), but compare also Proto-Germanic *kwalmaz (“killing, death”) (Proto-West Germanic *kwalm), *skalmǭ (“plague”).", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "urj-fin-decl", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "kalma", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmat", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalman", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmat", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalman", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmadën", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoidën", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmada", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "partitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoida", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "partitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmassa", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmahna", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoissa", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoihna", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmasta", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "elative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoista", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "elative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmahën", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "illative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoihën", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "illative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalla", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "adessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoilla", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "adessive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalta", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "ablative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoilta", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "ablative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmalën", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmalëk", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "allative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoilën", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmoilëk", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "allative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmana", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "essive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoina", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "essive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmaksi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "singular", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalmoiksi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "plural", "translative" ] }, { "form": "kalman", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instructive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoin", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instructive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmanëk", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "comitative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoinëk", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "comitative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kalmatta", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "abessive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kalmoitta", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "abessive", "plural" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "kalma" }, "name": "urj-fin-decl" } ], "lang": "Proto-Finnic", "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kalma", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "grave" ], "links": [ [ "grave", "grave" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "glosses": [ "death" ], "links": [ [ "death", "death" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "word": "kalma" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-Uralic lemmas", "Proto-Uralic nouns", "Proto-Uralic terms suffixed with *-ma" ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "syd-pro", "2": "*kålmɜ" }, "expansion": "Proto-Samoyedic: *kålmɜ", "name": "desc" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)", "name": "see desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Samoyedic: *kålmɜ (see there for further descendants)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [], "text": "Mordvinic: *kalmə, *kalma-" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "myv", "2": "калмо", "3": "калмамс", "t": "grave", "t2": "to bury" }, "expansion": "Erzya: калмо (kalmo, “grave”), калмамс (kalmams, “to bury”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Erzya: калмо (kalmo, “grave”), калмамс (kalmams, “to bury”)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "mdf", "2": "калма", "3": "калмамс", "t": "grave", "t2": "to bury" }, "expansion": "Moksha: калма (kalma, “grave”), калмамс (kalmams, “to bury”)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Moksha: калма (kalma, “grave”), калмамс (kalmams, “to bury”)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "urj-fin-pro", "2": "*kalma", "t": "grave, death" }, "expansion": "Proto-Finnic: *kalma (“grave, death”)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)", "name": "see desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Finnic: *kalma (“grave, death”) (see there for further descendants)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "urj-pro", "2": "*kale-", "3": "*-ma", "t1": "to die" }, "expansion": "*kale- (“to die”) + *-ma", "name": "suffix" } ], "etymology_text": "From *kale- (“to die”) + *-ma. The reconstruction *kalema cannot be clearly ruled out.\nFor previously included cognates in Samic, see *kolmes.", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "urj-pro", "2": "noun" }, "expansion": "*kalma", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Proto-Uralic", "lang_code": "urj-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/kalma", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "grave" ], "links": [ [ "grave", "grave" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "glosses": [ "? death" ], "links": [ [ "death", "death" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "word": "kalma" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 8 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:Tagalog/a", "Rhymes:Tagalog/a/2 syllables", "Rhymes:Tagalog/alma", "Rhymes:Tagalog/alma/2 syllables", "Rhymes:Tagalog/aʔ", "Rhymes:Tagalog/aʔ/2 syllables", "Tagalog 2-syllable words", "Tagalog adjectives", "Tagalog doublets", "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header", "Tagalog lemmas", "Tagalog nouns", "Tagalog terms borrowed from Kapampangan", "Tagalog terms borrowed from Spanish", "Tagalog terms derived from Ancient Greek", "Tagalog terms derived from Kapampangan", "Tagalog terms derived from Late Latin", "Tagalog terms derived from Sanskrit", "Tagalog terms derived from Spanish", "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script", "Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation", "Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation", "Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation", "Tagalog terms with maragsa pronunciation", "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries" ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "es", "3": "calma" }, "expansion": "Borrowed from Spanish calma", "name": "bor+" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "LL.", "3": "cauma" }, "expansion": "Late Latin cauma", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "grc", "3": "καῦμα" }, "expansion": "Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma)", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Spanish calma, from Late Latin cauma, ultimately from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma).", "forms": [ { "form": "ᜃᜎ᜔ᜋ", "tags": [ "Baybayin" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "b": "+" }, "expansion": "kalma (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎ᜔ᜋ)", "name": "tl-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "kal‧ma" ], "lang": "Tagalog", "lang_code": "tl", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "calmness; peace; stillness" ], "links": [ [ "calmness", "calmness" ], [ "peace", "peace" ], [ "stillness", "stillness" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "hinahon" }, { "word": "pagkahinahon" }, { "word": "kapayapaan" } ] }, { "glosses": [ "silence" ], "links": [ [ "silence", "silence" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "katahimikan" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈkalma/" }, { "ipa": "[ˈkal.mɐ]" }, { "rhymes": "-alma" }, { "ipa": "/kalˈma/" }, { "ipa": "[kɐlˈma]" }, { "rhymes": "-a" } ], "word": "kalma" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 8 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:Tagalog/a", "Rhymes:Tagalog/a/2 syllables", "Rhymes:Tagalog/alma", "Rhymes:Tagalog/alma/2 syllables", "Rhymes:Tagalog/aʔ", "Rhymes:Tagalog/aʔ/2 syllables", "Tagalog 2-syllable words", "Tagalog adjectives", "Tagalog doublets", "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header", "Tagalog lemmas", "Tagalog nouns", "Tagalog terms borrowed from Kapampangan", "Tagalog terms borrowed from Spanish", "Tagalog terms derived from Ancient Greek", "Tagalog terms derived from Kapampangan", "Tagalog terms derived from Late Latin", "Tagalog terms derived from Sanskrit", "Tagalog terms derived from Spanish", "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script", "Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation", "Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation", "Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation", "Tagalog terms with maragsa pronunciation", "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries" ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "es", "3": "calma" }, "expansion": "Borrowed from Spanish calma", "name": "bor+" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "LL.", "3": "cauma" }, "expansion": "Late Latin cauma", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "grc", "3": "καῦμα" }, "expansion": "Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma)", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Spanish calma, from Late Latin cauma, ultimately from Ancient Greek καῦμα (kaûma).", "forms": [ { "form": "kalmá", "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "ᜃᜎ᜔ᜋ", "tags": [ "Baybayin" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "kalmá", "b": "+" }, "expansion": "kalmá (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎ᜔ᜋ)", "name": "tl-adj" } ], "hyphenation": [ "kal‧ma" ], "lang": "Tagalog", "lang_code": "tl", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "calm; peaceful; still" ], "links": [ [ "calm", "calm" ], [ "peaceful", "peaceful" ], [ "still", "still" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "kalmado" }, { "word": "mahinahon" }, { "word": "payapa" } ] }, { "glosses": [ "silent" ], "links": [ [ "silent", "silent" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "tahimik" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈkalma/" }, { "ipa": "[ˈkal.mɐ]" }, { "rhymes": "-alma" }, { "ipa": "/kalˈma/" }, { "ipa": "[kɐlˈma]" }, { "rhymes": "-a" } ], "word": "kalma" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 8 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:Tagalog/aʔ", "Rhymes:Tagalog/aʔ/2 syllables", "Tagalog 2-syllable words", "Tagalog doublets", "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header", "Tagalog lemmas", "Tagalog nouns", "Tagalog terms borrowed from Kapampangan", "Tagalog terms derived from Kapampangan", "Tagalog terms derived from Sanskrit", "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script", "Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation", "Tagalog terms with maragsa pronunciation", "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries" ], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "pam", "3": "kalma" }, "expansion": "Borrowed from Kapampangan kalma", "name": "bor+" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "sa", "3": "कर्मन्" }, "expansion": "Sanskrit कर्मन् (karman)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "tl", "2": "karma" }, "expansion": "Doublet of karma", "name": "doublet" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Kapampangan kalma, ultimately from Sanskrit कर्मन् (karman). Doublet of karma.", "forms": [ { "form": "kalmâ", "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "ᜃᜎ᜔ᜋ", "tags": [ "Baybayin" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "kalmâ", "b": "+" }, "expansion": "kalmâ (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎ᜔ᜋ)", "name": "tl-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "kal‧ma" ], "lang": "Tagalog", "lang_code": "tl", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "good fortune or pleasure" ], "links": [ [ "good", "good" ], [ "fortune", "fortune" ], [ "pleasure", "pleasure" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/kalˈmaʔ/", "tags": [ "Standard-Tagalog" ] }, { "ipa": "[kɐlˈmaʔ]", "tags": [ "Standard-Tagalog" ] }, { "rhymes": "-aʔ" } ], "word": "kalma" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (ce0be54 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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