See joe on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for joe meaning in All languages combined (16.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "average joe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cup o' joe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cuppa joe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dwarf joe-pye weed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "green joe-pye weed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "half joe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "joe blake"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "joe job"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "joe-pye weed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "mumbly joe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "sloppy joe"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Joe"
},
"expansion": "Joe",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the proper name Joe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "joes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "joe (plural joes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I'm just an ordinary joe."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A male; a guy; a fellow."
],
"id": "en-joe-en-noun-UqhpzUKk",
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"guy",
"guy"
],
[
"fellow",
"fellow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) A male; a guy; a fellow."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 46 23 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 33 31 14 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2001, Tod Hoffman, Le Carré's Landscape, page 193",
"text": "Name me a joe in a bad country ... who doesn't fall for a pretty face if she's on his side against the world.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2004, Richard W. Cutler, Counterspy, page 96",
"text": "Soviet troops were permitted to enter the American sector, where they could easily capture and torture an agent to confirm the existence of a Joe house, then cripple American espionage efforts by kidnapping a nest of spies in one fell swoop.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2009, John Fleming, Stoppard's Theatre: Finding Order amid Chaos, page 178",
"text": "Then Hapgood turned him into a joe — that is, he works for the British.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Mick Herron, Slow Horses, page 215",
"text": "Lamb didn't look any different, was still a soft fat rude bastard, still dressed like he'd been thrown through a charity shop window, but Jesus, River thought—Lamb was a joe.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A spy, especially a double agent."
],
"id": "en-joe-en-noun-qlVOW6hT",
"links": [
[
"spy",
"spy"
],
[
"double agent",
"double agent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, slang) A spy, especially a double agent."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 33 31 14 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 17 64 11 7",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Coins",
"orig": "en:Coins",
"parents": [
"Money",
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1861, “United States Mint”, “Chapter I. Establishment of Mint—Standard of Coins—Laws Regulating Coinage—Progress of Coinage—Precious Metals in the Country”, in Eighty Years’ Progress of the United States: […], volume I, New York: […]. Worcester, Mass.: L. Stebbins, page 213, column 1",
"text": "Guineas, joes, half joes, doubloons, and pistoles of various origin constituted the gold currency, while the silver was mostly the Spanish American dollar and its fractions: the half, quarter, eighth, and sixteenth, with the pistareen and half pistareen.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1863 August, The Historical Magazine, and Notes and Queries Concerning the Antiquities, History and Biography of America, volume VII, number 8, New York: Charles B. Richardson, […]. London: Trübner & Co., page 245, column 2",
"text": "In the olden time the currency, you know, was a l in gold and silver, joes, half-joes (Johannes), pistoles, moidores, doubloons, pistareens, ninepences (12+¹⁄₂ cents), and fourpence-half-pennies (6+¹⁄₄ cents) or “fippenny-bits.”",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of johannes (“An old Portuguese gold coin bearing a figure of John V of Portugal.”)"
],
"id": "en-joe-en-noun-FMi5dyDA",
"links": [
[
"johannes",
"johannes#English"
],
[
"Portuguese",
"Portuguese"
],
[
"gold",
"gold"
],
[
"coin",
"coin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Synonym of johannes (“An old Portuguese gold coin bearing a figure of John V of Portugal.”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "An old Portuguese gold coin bearing a figure of John V of Portugal.",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "johannes"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʒəʊ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʒoʊ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"homophone": "Jo"
},
{
"homophone": "Joe"
},
{
"homophone": "Zhou"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊ"
},
{
"enpr": "jō",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Joe"
}
],
"word": "joe"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cup of joe"
},
"expansion": "cup of joe",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. See cup of joe for more.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "joes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "joe (countable and uncountable, plural joes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
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{
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 10 10 75 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Coffee",
"orig": "en:Coffee",
"parents": [
"Beverages",
"Drinking",
"Food and drink",
"Liquids",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Matter",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008 January–February, “70 Ways to Improve Every Day of the Week”, in Men's Health, volume 23, number 1, →ISSN, page 135",
"text": "45 have some joe Week's almost over—now bring it home. Austrian researchers found that a cup of java resulted in a 45-minute boost of brain activity in the regions responsible for attention, concentration, and short-term memory.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Melody Carlson, A Mile in My Flip-Flops, page 221",
"text": "Some people say I make the best joe in town. But you know there's a kiosk over on Eighteenth Avenue, not that far from here.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Coffee."
],
"id": "en-joe-en-noun-8iGw5cgr",
"links": [
[
"Coffee",
"coffee"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly US, informal) Coffee."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "cup of joe"
}
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable",
"informal",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "coffee",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kaffee"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʒəʊ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʒoʊ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"homophone": "Jo"
},
{
"homophone": "Joe"
},
{
"homophone": "Zhou"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊ"
},
{
"enpr": "jō",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "joe"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "joes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "joe (plural joes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "a darling or sweetheart",
"word": "jo"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 33 31 14 21",
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1836 Joanna Baillie The Phantom, Act 2. Provost, to a maidservant.\nI fear, my joe, the good that I can do him,\nOr ev'n the minister, if he were here,\nWould be but little."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of jo (“a darling or sweetheart”)"
],
"id": "en-joe-en-noun-tDN3L25a",
"links": [
[
"jo",
"jo#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland) Alternative form of jo (“a darling or sweetheart”)"
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʒəʊ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʒoʊ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"homophone": "Jo"
},
{
"homophone": "Joe"
},
{
"homophone": "Zhou"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊ"
},
{
"enpr": "jō",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "joe"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "jai",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "pronoun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "jai",
"g": "f"
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"expansion": "joe f (plural jai)",
"name": "head"
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],
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dalmatian entries with incorrect language header",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dalmatian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"her"
],
"id": "en-joe-dlm-pron-NUy~yBQm",
"links": [
[
"her",
"her"
]
],
"qualifier": "oblique case",
"raw_glosses": [
"(third-person feminine singular pronoun, oblique case) her"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "jala"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "joi"
},
{
"word": "jai"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ioe"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "joe"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "joe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entry maintenance"
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"name": "Dutch entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Farewells",
"orig": "nl:Farewells",
"parents": [
"Social acts",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Bye!",
"text": "Joe!"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bye"
],
"id": "en-joe-nl-intj-tJ9CWn4f",
"links": [
[
"bye",
"bye"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) bye"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-joe.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e3/Nl-joe.ogg/Nl-joe.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Nl-joe.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "joe"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
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{
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"3": "joe",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French joe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "fro",
"3": "joe"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French joe",
"name": "inh+"
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{
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"3": "*gauta"
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"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *gauta",
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{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "joue"
},
"expansion": "French joue",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French joe, from Vulgar Latin *gauta. Compare French joue.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "joes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "joes",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "joe f (plural joes)",
"name": "head"
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{
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"expansion": "joe f (plural joes)",
"name": "nrf-noun"
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],
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
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"categories": [
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"kind": "other",
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[
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "jaue"
},
{
"word": "jouoe"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈʒo]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈʒow]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈʒu]"
}
],
"word": "joe"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "joue"
},
"expansion": "French: joue",
"name": "desc"
}
],
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},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "joe",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Norman: joe, jaue, jouoe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: joe, jaue, jouoe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "gawe"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: gawe",
"name": "desc"
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],
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},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "joue",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: joue, goue, jovwe, jowwe, jaue, jeaue, geoue\nEnglish: jaw",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: joue, goue, jovwe, jowwe, jaue, jeaue, geoue\nEnglish: jaw"
}
],
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"3": "*gauta",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
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"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *gauta",
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"name": "inh+"
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],
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"forms": [
{
"form": "joe oblique singular or",
"tags": [
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"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "joes",
"tags": [
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"plural"
]
},
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"tags": [
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},
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"plural"
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],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "97 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fro",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "fro:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cheek"
],
"id": "en-joe-fro-noun-NUmyogXm",
"links": [
[
"cheek",
"cheek"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"jaw"
],
"id": "en-joe-fro-noun-9pXnGrOB",
"links": [
[
"jaw",
"jaw"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɔðə/",
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɔə/",
"note": "classical"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʒuə/",
"note": "late"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "jode"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "archaic or orthographically archaizing",
"word": "joude"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "joue"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "jouue"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "jowe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "forms reflecting introduction of antihiatic /w/, raising of /ɔ/ to /u/, or both",
"word": "jouwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "goe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "goue"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gouhe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "⟨g⟩ either genuine northern /ɡ/ or Anglo-Norman graphy for /d͡ʒ/",
"word": "gowe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "joewe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "jewe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "joie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "joye"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "yoe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "unusual; some forms may reflect [ɔw]~[ɔj] interchange; ⟨y⟩ prob. alt. graphy for /d͡ʒ/",
"word": "giue"
}
],
"word": "joe"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "joe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"lang_code": "srn",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "yu"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sranan Tongo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sranan Tongo pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Superseded spelling of yu."
],
"id": "en-joe-srn-pron-RPznBIIz",
"links": [
[
"yu",
"yu#Sranan Tongo"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"archaic"
]
}
],
"word": "joe"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "jai",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "jai",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "joe f (plural jai)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "jala"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "joi"
},
{
"word": "jai"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dalmatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Dalmatian lemmas",
"Dalmatian pronouns"
],
"glosses": [
"her"
],
"links": [
[
"her",
"her"
]
],
"qualifier": "oblique case",
"raw_glosses": [
"(third-person feminine singular pronoun, oblique case) her"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ioe"
}
],
"word": "joe"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "joe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch colloquialisms",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Dutch interjections",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"nl:Farewells"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Bye!",
"text": "Joe!"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bye"
],
"links": [
[
"bye",
"bye"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) bye"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-joe.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e3/Nl-joe.ogg/Nl-joe.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Nl-joe.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "joe"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:English/əʊ",
"Rhymes:English/əʊ/1 syllable",
"en:Coffee",
"en:Coins"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "average joe"
},
{
"word": "cup o' joe"
},
{
"word": "cuppa joe"
},
{
"word": "dwarf joe-pye weed"
},
{
"word": "green joe-pye weed"
},
{
"word": "half joe"
},
{
"word": "joe blake"
},
{
"word": "joe job"
},
{
"word": "joe-pye weed"
},
{
"word": "mumbly joe"
},
{
"word": "sloppy joe"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Joe"
},
"expansion": "Joe",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the proper name Joe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "joes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "joe (plural joes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I'm just an ordinary joe."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A male; a guy; a fellow."
],
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"guy",
"guy"
],
[
"fellow",
"fellow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) A male; a guy; a fellow."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2001, Tod Hoffman, Le Carré's Landscape, page 193",
"text": "Name me a joe in a bad country ... who doesn't fall for a pretty face if she's on his side against the world.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2004, Richard W. Cutler, Counterspy, page 96",
"text": "Soviet troops were permitted to enter the American sector, where they could easily capture and torture an agent to confirm the existence of a Joe house, then cripple American espionage efforts by kidnapping a nest of spies in one fell swoop.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2009, John Fleming, Stoppard's Theatre: Finding Order amid Chaos, page 178",
"text": "Then Hapgood turned him into a joe — that is, he works for the British.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Mick Herron, Slow Horses, page 215",
"text": "Lamb didn't look any different, was still a soft fat rude bastard, still dressed like he'd been thrown through a charity shop window, but Jesus, River thought—Lamb was a joe.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A spy, especially a double agent."
],
"links": [
[
"spy",
"spy"
],
[
"double agent",
"double agent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, slang) A spy, especially a double agent."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1861, “United States Mint”, “Chapter I. Establishment of Mint—Standard of Coins—Laws Regulating Coinage—Progress of Coinage—Precious Metals in the Country”, in Eighty Years’ Progress of the United States: […], volume I, New York: […]. Worcester, Mass.: L. Stebbins, page 213, column 1",
"text": "Guineas, joes, half joes, doubloons, and pistoles of various origin constituted the gold currency, while the silver was mostly the Spanish American dollar and its fractions: the half, quarter, eighth, and sixteenth, with the pistareen and half pistareen.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1863 August, The Historical Magazine, and Notes and Queries Concerning the Antiquities, History and Biography of America, volume VII, number 8, New York: Charles B. Richardson, […]. London: Trübner & Co., page 245, column 2",
"text": "In the olden time the currency, you know, was a l in gold and silver, joes, half-joes (Johannes), pistoles, moidores, doubloons, pistareens, ninepences (12+¹⁄₂ cents), and fourpence-half-pennies (6+¹⁄₄ cents) or “fippenny-bits.”",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of johannes (“An old Portuguese gold coin bearing a figure of John V of Portugal.”)"
],
"links": [
[
"johannes",
"johannes#English"
],
[
"Portuguese",
"Portuguese"
],
[
"gold",
"gold"
],
[
"coin",
"coin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Synonym of johannes (“An old Portuguese gold coin bearing a figure of John V of Portugal.”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "An old Portuguese gold coin bearing a figure of John V of Portugal.",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "johannes"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʒəʊ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʒoʊ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"homophone": "Jo"
},
{
"homophone": "Joe"
},
{
"homophone": "Zhou"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊ"
},
{
"enpr": "jō",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Joe"
}
],
"word": "joe"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with homophones",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/əʊ",
"Rhymes:English/əʊ/1 syllable",
"en:Coffee",
"en:Coins"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cup of joe"
},
"expansion": "cup of joe",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. See cup of joe for more.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "joes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "joe (countable and uncountable, plural joes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "cup of joe"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English informal terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008 January–February, “70 Ways to Improve Every Day of the Week”, in Men's Health, volume 23, number 1, →ISSN, page 135",
"text": "45 have some joe Week's almost over—now bring it home. Austrian researchers found that a cup of java resulted in a 45-minute boost of brain activity in the regions responsible for attention, concentration, and short-term memory.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Melody Carlson, A Mile in My Flip-Flops, page 221",
"text": "Some people say I make the best joe in town. But you know there's a kiosk over on Eighteenth Avenue, not that far from here.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Coffee."
],
"links": [
[
"Coffee",
"coffee"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly US, informal) Coffee."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable",
"informal",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʒəʊ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʒoʊ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"homophone": "Jo"
},
{
"homophone": "Joe"
},
{
"homophone": "Zhou"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊ"
},
{
"enpr": "jō",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "coffee",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kaffee"
}
],
"word": "joe"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:English/əʊ",
"Rhymes:English/əʊ/1 syllable",
"en:Coffee",
"en:Coins"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "joes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "joe (plural joes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "a darling or sweetheart",
"word": "jo"
}
],
"categories": [
"Scottish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1836 Joanna Baillie The Phantom, Act 2. Provost, to a maidservant.\nI fear, my joe, the good that I can do him,\nOr ev'n the minister, if he were here,\nWould be but little."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of jo (“a darling or sweetheart”)"
],
"links": [
[
"jo",
"jo#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland) Alternative form of jo (“a darling or sweetheart”)"
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʒəʊ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡ʒoʊ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"homophone": "Jo"
},
{
"homophone": "Joe"
},
{
"homophone": "Zhou"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊ"
},
{
"enpr": "jō",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "joe"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "fro",
"3": "joe",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French joe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "fro",
"3": "joe"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French joe",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*gauta"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *gauta",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "joue"
},
"expansion": "French joue",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French joe, from Vulgar Latin *gauta. Compare French joue.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "joes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "joes",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "joe f (plural joes)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "joe f (plural joes)",
"name": "nrf-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norman entries with incorrect language header",
"Norman feminine nouns",
"Norman lemmas",
"Norman nouns",
"Norman terms derived from Old French",
"Norman terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Norman terms inherited from Old French",
"Norman terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"Norman terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"cheek"
],
"links": [
[
"cheek",
"cheek"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈʒo]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈʒow]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈʒu]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "jaue"
},
{
"word": "jouoe"
}
],
"word": "joe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"fro:Anatomy"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "joue"
},
"expansion": "French: joue",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: joue"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "joe",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Norman: joe, jaue, jouoe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: joe, jaue, jouoe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "gawe"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: gawe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: gawe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "joue",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: joue, goue, jovwe, jowwe, jaue, jeaue, geoue\nEnglish: jaw",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: joue, goue, jovwe, jowwe, jaue, jeaue, geoue\nEnglish: jaw"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*gauta",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *gauta",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*gauta"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Vulgar Latin *gauta",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Vulgar Latin *gauta. Attested from ca. 1100 onwards.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "joe oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "joes",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "joe",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "joes",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "joe oblique singular, f (oblique plural joes, nominative singular joe, nominative plural joes)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cheek"
],
"links": [
[
"cheek",
"cheek"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"jaw"
],
"links": [
[
"jaw",
"jaw"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɔðə/",
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɔə/",
"note": "classical"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʒuə/",
"note": "late"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "jode"
},
{
"alt": "archaic or orthographically archaizing",
"word": "joude"
},
{
"word": "joue"
},
{
"word": "jouue"
},
{
"word": "jowe"
},
{
"alt": "forms reflecting introduction of antihiatic /w/, raising of /ɔ/ to /u/, or both",
"word": "jouwe"
},
{
"word": "goe"
},
{
"word": "goue"
},
{
"word": "gouhe"
},
{
"alt": "⟨g⟩ either genuine northern /ɡ/ or Anglo-Norman graphy for /d͡ʒ/",
"word": "gowe"
},
{
"word": "joewe"
},
{
"word": "jewe"
},
{
"word": "joie"
},
{
"word": "joye"
},
{
"word": "yoe"
},
{
"alt": "unusual; some forms may reflect [ɔw]~[ɔj] interchange; ⟨y⟩ prob. alt. graphy for /d͡ʒ/",
"word": "giue"
}
],
"word": "joe"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "joe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"lang_code": "srn",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "yu"
}
],
"categories": [
"Sranan Tongo entries with incorrect language header",
"Sranan Tongo lemmas",
"Sranan Tongo pronouns",
"Sranan Tongo superseded forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Superseded spelling of yu."
],
"links": [
[
"yu",
"yu#Sranan Tongo"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"archaic"
]
}
],
"word": "joe"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'joe oblique singular or', originally 'joe oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"joe"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "joe",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'joe oblique singular or', originally 'joe oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"joe"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "joe",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['feminine', 'canonical']: 'joe oblique singular or' in 'joe oblique singular, f (oblique plural joes, nominative singular joe, nominative plural joes)'",
"path": [
"joe"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "joe",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.