See infer on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for infer meaning in All languages combined (19.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "inferō"
},
"expansion": "Latin inferō",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"gloss": "in, at, on; into",
"id": "in"
},
"expansion": "Latin in- (“in, at, on; into”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "ferō",
"gloss": "bear, carry; suffer"
},
"expansion": "Latin ferō (“bear, carry; suffer”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "beran"
},
"expansion": "Old English beran",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bear"
},
"expansion": "bear",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*ferō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *ferō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰéreti",
"4": "",
"5": "to bear, carry"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti (“to bear, carry”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰer-"
},
"expansion": "*bʰer-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "inbear"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of inbear",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin inferō, from Latin in- (“in, at, on; into”) + Latin ferō (“bear, carry; suffer”) (cognate to Old English beran, whence English bear), from Proto-Italic *ferō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti (“to bear, carry”), from the root *bʰer-. Literally “carry forward”, equivalent to “bear in”, as in concluding from a premise. Doublet of inbear.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "infers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "inferring",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "inferred",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "inferred",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "++"
},
"expansion": "infer (third-person singular simple present infers, present participle inferring, simple past and past participle inferred)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"alt": "-iferous",
"word": "-ferous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "illation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "illative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inferable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inference"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2010 October 7, “Keep calm, but don't carry on”, in The Economist",
"text": "It is dangerous to infer too much from martial bluster in British politics: at the first hint of trouble, channelling Churchill is a default tactic for beleaguered leaders of all sorts.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence."
],
"id": "en-infer-en-verb-GKSStLns",
"links": [
[
"conclusion",
"conclusion"
],
[
"conclude",
"conclude"
],
[
"reason",
"reason"
],
[
"deduction",
"deduction"
],
[
"premise",
"premise"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "conclude"
},
{
"word": "deduce"
},
{
"word": "educe"
},
{
"word": "construe"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zaključavam",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "заключавам"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "inferir"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "推斷"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuīduàn",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "推断"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "vyvodit"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "concluderen"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "päätellä"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "tehdä johtopäätös"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "déduire"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "inférer"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "schlussfolgern"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "folgern"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "schließen"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "Schlüsse ziehen"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "symperaíno",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "συμπεραίνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "következtet"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "kikövetkeztet"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "dedukál"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "inferire"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "dedurre"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "concludere"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "infliggere"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "coniecto"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "hīkaro"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "inferir"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "dedusir"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "deduire"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "dedurre"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wnioskować"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wywnioskować"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dedukować"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wydedukować"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "inferir"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "motiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "deduce"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "infera"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zaključitʹ",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "заключить"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sdelatʹ zaključenije",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "сделать заключение"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sdelatʹ vyvod",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "сделать вывод"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vyvesti",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "вывести"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "inferir"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "sluta sig till"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "anlam çıkarmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "anlamına gelmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "anlamak"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "mana çıkarmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "manasına gelmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "sonucunu çıkarmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "robyty vysnovok",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "робити висновок"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "enwytho"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zagatvam",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "загатвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "dopadnout"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "johtaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "selittää"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "zur Folge haben"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "yponoó",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "υπονοώ"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ypainíssomai",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "υπαινίσσομαι"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "implicare"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predpolagatʹ",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "предполагать"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predpoložitʹ",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "предположить"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dogadyvatʹsja",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "догадываться"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 2 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dogadatʹsja",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "догадаться"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a. 1535, Thomas More, letter to Fryth\nthe fyrste parte is not the proofe of the second. but rather contrarywyse the seconde inferreth well yͤ fyrst."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To lead to (something) as a consequence; to imply."
],
"id": "en-infer-en-verb-HeEKpVfL",
"links": [
[
"lead",
"lead"
],
[
"consequence",
"consequence"
],
[
"imply",
"imply"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, often proscribed) To lead to (something) as a consequence; to imply."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "imply"
},
{
"word": "suggest"
},
{
"word": "entail"
}
],
"tags": [
"often",
"proscribed",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 13 48 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause, inflict (something) upon or to someone."
],
"id": "en-infer-en-verb-g9LqDO79",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"inflict",
"inflict"
],
[
"upon",
"upon#English"
],
[
"to",
"to#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To cause, inflict (something) upon or to someone."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To introduce (a subject) in speaking, writing etc.; to bring in, to adduce."
],
"id": "en-infer-en-verb-ZB1vGPfh",
"links": [
[
"introduce",
"introduce"
],
[
"bring in",
"bring in"
],
[
"adduce",
"adduce"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To introduce (a subject) in speaking, writing etc.; to bring in, to adduce."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈfɜː/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈfɝ/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-infer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/En-us-infer.ogg/En-us-infer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/En-us-infer.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "infer"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "īnfer",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "īnfer"
},
"expansion": "īnfer",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "īnferō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present active imperative of īnferō"
],
"id": "en-infer-la-verb-KuoqccUt",
"links": [
[
"īnferō",
"infero#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈin.fer/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈĩːfɛr]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈin.fer/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈiɱfer]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "infer"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰer-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Bulgarian translations",
"Requests for review of Czech translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Greek translations",
"Requests for review of Icelandic translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Japanese translations",
"Requests for review of Maori translations",
"Requests for review of Norwegian translations",
"Requests for review of Occitan translations",
"Requests for review of Portuguese translations",
"Requests for review of Romanian translations",
"Requests for review of Russian translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰer-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "inferō"
},
"expansion": "Latin inferō",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"gloss": "in, at, on; into",
"id": "in"
},
"expansion": "Latin in- (“in, at, on; into”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "ferō",
"gloss": "bear, carry; suffer"
},
"expansion": "Latin ferō (“bear, carry; suffer”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "beran"
},
"expansion": "Old English beran",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bear"
},
"expansion": "bear",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*ferō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *ferō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰéreti",
"4": "",
"5": "to bear, carry"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti (“to bear, carry”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰer-"
},
"expansion": "*bʰer-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "inbear"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of inbear",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin inferō, from Latin in- (“in, at, on; into”) + Latin ferō (“bear, carry; suffer”) (cognate to Old English beran, whence English bear), from Proto-Italic *ferō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti (“to bear, carry”), from the root *bʰer-. Literally “carry forward”, equivalent to “bear in”, as in concluding from a premise. Doublet of inbear.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "infers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "inferring",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "inferred",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "inferred",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "++"
},
"expansion": "infer (third-person singular simple present infers, present participle inferring, simple past and past participle inferred)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"alt": "-iferous",
"word": "-ferous"
},
{
"word": "illation"
},
{
"word": "illative"
},
{
"word": "inferable"
},
{
"word": "inference"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2010 October 7, “Keep calm, but don't carry on”, in The Economist",
"text": "It is dangerous to infer too much from martial bluster in British politics: at the first hint of trouble, channelling Churchill is a default tactic for beleaguered leaders of all sorts.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence."
],
"links": [
[
"conclusion",
"conclusion"
],
[
"conclude",
"conclude"
],
[
"reason",
"reason"
],
[
"deduction",
"deduction"
],
[
"premise",
"premise"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "conclude"
},
{
"word": "deduce"
},
{
"word": "educe"
},
{
"word": "construe"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English proscribed terms",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a. 1535, Thomas More, letter to Fryth\nthe fyrste parte is not the proofe of the second. but rather contrarywyse the seconde inferreth well yͤ fyrst."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To lead to (something) as a consequence; to imply."
],
"links": [
[
"lead",
"lead"
],
[
"consequence",
"consequence"
],
[
"imply",
"imply"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, often proscribed) To lead to (something) as a consequence; to imply."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "imply"
},
{
"word": "suggest"
},
{
"word": "entail"
}
],
"tags": [
"often",
"proscribed",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To cause, inflict (something) upon or to someone."
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"inflict",
"inflict"
],
[
"upon",
"upon#English"
],
[
"to",
"to#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To cause, inflict (something) upon or to someone."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To introduce (a subject) in speaking, writing etc.; to bring in, to adduce."
],
"links": [
[
"introduce",
"introduce"
],
[
"bring in",
"bring in"
],
[
"adduce",
"adduce"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To introduce (a subject) in speaking, writing etc.; to bring in, to adduce."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈfɜː/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪnˈfɝ/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-infer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/En-us-infer.ogg/En-us-infer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/En-us-infer.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zaključavam",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "заключавам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "inferir"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "推斷"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuīduàn",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "推断"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "vyvodit"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "concluderen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "päätellä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "tehdä johtopäätös"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "déduire"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "inférer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "schlussfolgern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "folgern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "schließen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "Schlüsse ziehen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "symperaíno",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "συμπεραίνω"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "következtet"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "kikövetkeztet"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "dedukál"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "inferire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "dedurre"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "concludere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "infliggere"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "coniecto"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "hīkaro"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "inferir"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "dedusir"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "deduire"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "dedurre"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wnioskować"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wywnioskować"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dedukować"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wydedukować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "inferir"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "motiva"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "deduce"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "infera"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zaključitʹ",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "заключить"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sdelatʹ zaključenije",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "сделать заключение"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sdelatʹ vyvod",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "сделать вывод"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vyvesti",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "вывести"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "inferir"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "sluta sig till"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "anlam çıkarmak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "anlamına gelmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "anlamak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "mana çıkarmak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "manasına gelmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "sonucunu çıkarmak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "robyty vysnovok",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "робити висновок"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "enwytho"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zagatvam",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "загатвам"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "dopadnout"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "johtaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "selittää"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "zur Folge haben"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "yponoó",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "υπονοώ"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ypainíssomai",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "υπαινίσσομαι"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "implicare"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predpolagatʹ",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "предполагать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predpoložitʹ",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "предположить"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dogadyvatʹsja",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "догадываться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dogadatʹsja",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "догадаться"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "inferir"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence",
"word": "enwytho"
}
],
"word": "infer"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "īnfer",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "īnfer"
},
"expansion": "īnfer",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "īnferō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present active imperative of īnferō"
],
"links": [
[
"īnferō",
"infero#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈin.fer/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈĩːfɛr]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈin.fer/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈiɱfer]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "infer"
}
{
"called_from": "page/2530",
"msg": "skipping string in the middle of translations: </table></div></div>\n\n",
"path": [
"infer"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "infer",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "translations/324",
"msg": "possible sense number in translation item: Icelandic: __IGNORE__ (1), að gefa í skyn (2)",
"path": [
"infer"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "infer",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "translations/324",
"msg": "possible sense number in translation item: Norwegian: __IGNORE__, __IGNORE__, __IGNORE__ (1), __IGNORE__, __IGNORE__, __IGNORE__ (2)",
"path": [
"infer"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "infer",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2517",
"msg": "UNIMPLEMENTED parse_translation_template: trans-top-see {1: 'to lead to as a consequence', 2: 'imply'}",
"path": [
"infer",
"trans-top-see"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "infer",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.