See dwale on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for dwale meaning in All languages combined (14.1kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dwale",
"4": "",
"5": "stupor; deception; delusion, evil"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dwale (“stupor; deception; delusion, evil”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dwala",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English dwala",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "dwola",
"3": "",
"4": "error, heresy; doubt; madman, deceiver, heretic"
},
"expansion": "dwola (“error, heresy; doubt; madman, deceiver, heretic”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "dvala",
"t": "sleep, stupor"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse dvala (“sleep, stupor”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dwale (“stupor; deception; delusion, evil”), from Old English dwala, dwola (“error, heresy; doubt; madman, deceiver, heretic”) and Old Norse dvala (“sleep, stupor”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dwales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "dwale (countable and uncountable, plural dwales)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1842, J. van Voorst, The Phytologist, page 595",
"text": "Beneath and around the clumps of ragged moss-grown elder and hoary stunted whitethorn (...) rise thickets of tall nettles and rank hemlock, concealing the deadly but alluring dwale",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1934, Chambers's Journal, page 198",
"text": "All parts of the dwale are poisonous, said to resemble snake bite, but the roots are said to be four or five times as virulent as the rest of the plant.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Jenny Harper, Face the Wind and Fly",
"text": "It was not bog myrtle at all, it was dwale.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Karen Maitland, The Vanishing Witch",
"text": "Monkshood and dwale belong to Hecate, the moon goddess of the witches, and by their use are witches able to fly.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Belladonna or a similar soporific plant."
],
"id": "en-dwale-en-noun-4dlT678d",
"links": [
[
"Belladonna",
"belladonna"
],
[
"soporific",
"soporific"
],
[
"plant",
"plant"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2007, Barbara S. Bowers, The Medieval Hospital and Medical Practice, page 197",
"text": "The authors studied the ingredients and method of administration to try to ascertain whether dwale was effective, and they found it certainly could have worked.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Toby Clements, Broken Faith, page 258",
"text": "'That is all?' Payne askes. 'You need no salve? No dwale?'",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018, The World of Lore, Volume 3, The World of Lore, Volume 3",
"text": "Dwale was a solution of wine mixed with a number of other ingredients, Some were pretty mile, like lettuce and boar bile. But the recipe also called for hemlock and belladonna, both known to be highly poisonous.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020, Sarah Woodbury, Chevalier",
"text": "Cadell agrees the vial contains arsenic, not willow bark, and it is no wonder Rollo found relief from what was in the flask since it isn't wine but dwale.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sleeping-potion, especially one made from belladonna."
],
"id": "en-dwale-en-noun--ToMO-X-",
"links": [
[
"sleeping",
"sleeping"
],
[
"potion",
"potion"
],
[
"belladonna",
"belladonna"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A sleeping-potion, especially one made from belladonna."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874, Charles Mackay, The Lost Beauties of the English Language, page 54",
"text": "He's in a dwale, a dead sleep; a common expression in the North of England.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Mary Leared, A Horseshoe Clown, page 44",
"text": "I stayed up there in a dwale – not seeing, not even thinking – until suddenly the wind got up and its chill woke me.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A torpor."
],
"id": "en-dwale-en-noun-ebZyXJlu",
"links": [
[
"torpor",
"torpor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialect) A torpor."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1856, Sydney Dobell, England in Time of War - Issue 34, page 72",
"text": "Consume us; shake the darkness like a tree, And fill the night with mischiefs, — blights and dwales, Weevils, and rots, and cankers!",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1981, Alexander Theroux, Darconville's Cat, page 384",
"text": "Tickle under their chins microscopical djinns or tease geloscopical dwales who live in The Tree That Can Never Be and fish for chocolate whales?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A bugbear."
],
"id": "en-dwale-en-noun-dyPmyMbC",
"links": [
[
"bugbear",
"bugbear"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dweɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dwale.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dwale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dwale.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dwale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dwale.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "dwale"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dwalen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dwalen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dwalian"
},
"expansion": "Old English dwalian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dwalōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dwalōną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰwelH-",
"t": "to make turbid"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰwelH- (“to make turbid”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dwalen, from Old English dwalian, from Proto-Germanic *dwalōną, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwelH- (“to make turbid”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dwales",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwaling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dwaled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dwaled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dwale (third-person singular simple present dwales, present participle dwaling, simple past and past participle dwaled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 7 5 4 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 10 8 5 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 9 7 10 41",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Nightshades",
"orig": "en:Nightshades",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To mutter deliriously."
],
"id": "en-dwale-en-verb-gkjyBYNC",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) To mutter deliriously."
],
"related": [
{
"english": "a dreamy",
"word": "dwaal"
},
{
"word": "dazed"
},
{
"word": "or absent-minded state"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dweɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dwale.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dwale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dwale.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dwale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dwale.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "dwale"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "dwale",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dwalen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular present subjunctive of dwalen"
],
"id": "en-dwale-nl-verb-mghND6RV",
"links": [
[
"dwalen",
"dwalen#Dutch"
]
],
"qualifier": "dated or formal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of dwalen"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"word": "dwale"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dwaal",
"3": "dweil"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: dwaal, dweil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: dwaal, dweil"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "dweiel"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish: dweiel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limburgish: dweiel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*thwāla"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *thwāla",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "*twēla"
},
"expansion": "*twēla",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*thweila"
},
"expansion": "*thweila",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þwahilu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þwahilu",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *thwāla, *twēla, *thweila, from Proto-West Germanic *þwahilu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dwâle",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{stem}}}-",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{stem2}}}-",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "m",
"g3": "",
"head": "dwâle",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "dwâle f or m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"g2": "m",
"head": "dwâle"
},
"expansion": "dwâle f or m",
"name": "dum-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cloth"
],
"id": "en-dwale-dum-noun-1uKP-zsZ",
"links": [
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"towel"
],
"id": "en-dwale-dum-noun-EMpQqKcU",
"links": [
[
"towel",
"towel"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dwêle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "*dweile"
}
],
"word": "dwale"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dwale"
},
"expansion": "English: dwale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: dwale"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dwall",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Scots: dwall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Scots: dwall"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dwala"
},
"expansion": "Old English dwala",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "dwola"
},
"expansion": "dwola",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "dvala"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse dvala",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English dwala, dwola; reinforced and semantically influenced by Old Norse dvala.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dwales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "dwale",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dwale (plural dwales)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 15 20 19 9 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Ethics",
"orig": "enm:Ethics",
"parents": [
"Philosophy",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 29 2 38 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mind",
"orig": "enm:Mind",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A stupor or trance; torpor."
],
"id": "en-dwale-enm-noun-lzWvJQ7G",
"links": [
[
"stupor",
"stupor"
],
[
"trance",
"trance"
],
[
"torpor",
"torpor"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 29 2 38 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mind",
"orig": "enm:Mind",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Belladonna or a similar soporific plant."
],
"id": "en-dwale-enm-noun-4dlT678d",
"links": [
[
"Belladonna",
"belladonna"
],
[
"soporific",
"soporific"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 7 1 1 1 18 0 1 2 7 37 7 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 6 2 1 1 19 0 1 2 6 39 6 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 25 41 14 8 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Plants",
"orig": "enm:Plants",
"parents": [
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sleeping draught, especially if made from belladonna."
],
"id": "en-dwale-enm-noun-L4wq78Mg",
"links": [
[
"sleeping draught",
"sleeping draught"
],
[
"belladonna",
"belladonna"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 29 2 38 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mind",
"orig": "enm:Mind",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 17 1 62 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "People",
"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An evil individual; a wrongdoer."
],
"id": "en-dwale-enm-noun-N6540lVw",
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
],
[
"wrongdoer",
"wrongdoer"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Evil; wrongdoing."
],
"id": "en-dwale-enm-noun-w2c22v1j",
"links": [
[
"Evil",
"evil"
],
[
"wrongdoing",
"wrongdoing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Evil; wrongdoing."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A delusion or deception."
],
"id": "en-dwale-enm-noun-nxjAT0T4",
"links": [
[
"delusion",
"delusion"
],
[
"deception",
"deception"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A delusion or deception."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdwaːl(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "duale"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "duole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dwole"
}
],
"word": "dwale"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Ethics",
"enm:Mind",
"enm:People",
"enm:Plants"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "dwale",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dwalen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular present subjunctive of dwalen"
],
"links": [
[
"dwalen",
"dwalen#Dutch"
]
],
"qualifier": "dated or formal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of dwalen"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"word": "dwale"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl/1 syllable",
"en:Nightshades",
"enm:Ethics",
"enm:Mind",
"enm:People",
"enm:Plants"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dwale",
"4": "",
"5": "stupor; deception; delusion, evil"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dwale (“stupor; deception; delusion, evil”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dwala",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English dwala",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "dwola",
"3": "",
"4": "error, heresy; doubt; madman, deceiver, heretic"
},
"expansion": "dwola (“error, heresy; doubt; madman, deceiver, heretic”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "dvala",
"t": "sleep, stupor"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse dvala (“sleep, stupor”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dwale (“stupor; deception; delusion, evil”), from Old English dwala, dwola (“error, heresy; doubt; madman, deceiver, heretic”) and Old Norse dvala (“sleep, stupor”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dwales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "dwale (countable and uncountable, plural dwales)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1842, J. van Voorst, The Phytologist, page 595",
"text": "Beneath and around the clumps of ragged moss-grown elder and hoary stunted whitethorn (...) rise thickets of tall nettles and rank hemlock, concealing the deadly but alluring dwale",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1934, Chambers's Journal, page 198",
"text": "All parts of the dwale are poisonous, said to resemble snake bite, but the roots are said to be four or five times as virulent as the rest of the plant.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Jenny Harper, Face the Wind and Fly",
"text": "It was not bog myrtle at all, it was dwale.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Karen Maitland, The Vanishing Witch",
"text": "Monkshood and dwale belong to Hecate, the moon goddess of the witches, and by their use are witches able to fly.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Belladonna or a similar soporific plant."
],
"links": [
[
"Belladonna",
"belladonna"
],
[
"soporific",
"soporific"
],
[
"plant",
"plant"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2007, Barbara S. Bowers, The Medieval Hospital and Medical Practice, page 197",
"text": "The authors studied the ingredients and method of administration to try to ascertain whether dwale was effective, and they found it certainly could have worked.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Toby Clements, Broken Faith, page 258",
"text": "'That is all?' Payne askes. 'You need no salve? No dwale?'",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018, The World of Lore, Volume 3, The World of Lore, Volume 3",
"text": "Dwale was a solution of wine mixed with a number of other ingredients, Some were pretty mile, like lettuce and boar bile. But the recipe also called for hemlock and belladonna, both known to be highly poisonous.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020, Sarah Woodbury, Chevalier",
"text": "Cadell agrees the vial contains arsenic, not willow bark, and it is no wonder Rollo found relief from what was in the flask since it isn't wine but dwale.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sleeping-potion, especially one made from belladonna."
],
"links": [
[
"sleeping",
"sleeping"
],
[
"potion",
"potion"
],
[
"belladonna",
"belladonna"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A sleeping-potion, especially one made from belladonna."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874, Charles Mackay, The Lost Beauties of the English Language, page 54",
"text": "He's in a dwale, a dead sleep; a common expression in the North of England.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Mary Leared, A Horseshoe Clown, page 44",
"text": "I stayed up there in a dwale – not seeing, not even thinking – until suddenly the wind got up and its chill woke me.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A torpor."
],
"links": [
[
"torpor",
"torpor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialect) A torpor."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1856, Sydney Dobell, England in Time of War - Issue 34, page 72",
"text": "Consume us; shake the darkness like a tree, And fill the night with mischiefs, — blights and dwales, Weevils, and rots, and cankers!",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1981, Alexander Theroux, Darconville's Cat, page 384",
"text": "Tickle under their chins microscopical djinns or tease geloscopical dwales who live in The Tree That Can Never Be and fish for chocolate whales?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A bugbear."
],
"links": [
[
"bugbear",
"bugbear"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dweɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dwale.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dwale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dwale.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dwale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dwale.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "dwale"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl/1 syllable",
"en:Nightshades",
"enm:Ethics",
"enm:Mind",
"enm:People",
"enm:Plants"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dwalen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dwalen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dwalian"
},
"expansion": "Old English dwalian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dwalōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dwalōną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰwelH-",
"t": "to make turbid"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰwelH- (“to make turbid”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dwalen, from Old English dwalian, from Proto-Germanic *dwalōną, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwelH- (“to make turbid”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dwales",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwaling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dwaled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dwaled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dwale (third-person singular simple present dwales, present participle dwaling, simple past and past participle dwaled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"english": "a dreamy",
"word": "dwaal"
},
{
"word": "dazed"
},
{
"word": "or absent-minded state"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"To mutter deliriously."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) To mutter deliriously."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dweɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dwale.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dwale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dwale.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dwale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dwale.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "dwale"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch feminine nouns",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch masculine nouns",
"Middle Dutch nouns",
"Middle Dutch nouns with multiple genders",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Ethics",
"enm:Mind",
"enm:People",
"enm:Plants"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dwaal",
"3": "dweil"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: dwaal, dweil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: dwaal, dweil"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "dweiel"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish: dweiel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limburgish: dweiel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*thwāla"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *thwāla",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "*twēla"
},
"expansion": "*twēla",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*thweila"
},
"expansion": "*thweila",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þwahilu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þwahilu",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *thwāla, *twēla, *thweila, from Proto-West Germanic *þwahilu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dwâle",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{stem}}}-",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{stem2}}}-",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "m",
"g3": "",
"head": "dwâle",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "dwâle f or m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"g2": "m",
"head": "dwâle"
},
"expansion": "dwâle f or m",
"name": "dum-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cloth"
],
"links": [
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"towel"
],
"links": [
[
"towel",
"towel"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dwêle"
},
{
"word": "*dweile"
}
],
"word": "dwale"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Ethics",
"enm:Mind",
"enm:People",
"enm:Plants"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dwale"
},
"expansion": "English: dwale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: dwale"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dwall",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Scots: dwall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Scots: dwall"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dwala"
},
"expansion": "Old English dwala",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "dwola"
},
"expansion": "dwola",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "dvala"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse dvala",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English dwala, dwola; reinforced and semantically influenced by Old Norse dvala.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dwales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "dwale",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dwale (plural dwales)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A stupor or trance; torpor."
],
"links": [
[
"stupor",
"stupor"
],
[
"trance",
"trance"
],
[
"torpor",
"torpor"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Belladonna or a similar soporific plant."
],
"links": [
[
"Belladonna",
"belladonna"
],
[
"soporific",
"soporific"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A sleeping draught, especially if made from belladonna."
],
"links": [
[
"sleeping draught",
"sleeping draught"
],
[
"belladonna",
"belladonna"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An evil individual; a wrongdoer."
],
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
],
[
"wrongdoer",
"wrongdoer"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Evil; wrongdoing."
],
"links": [
[
"Evil",
"evil"
],
[
"wrongdoing",
"wrongdoing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Evil; wrongdoing."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A delusion or deception."
],
"links": [
[
"delusion",
"delusion"
],
[
"deception",
"deception"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A delusion or deception."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdwaːl(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "duale"
},
{
"word": "duole"
},
{
"word": "dwole"
}
],
"word": "dwale"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.