See dwale in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dwale"
},
"expansion": "English: dwale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: dwale"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dwall",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Scots: dwall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Scots: dwall"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dwala"
},
"expansion": "Old English dwala",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "dvala"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse dvala",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English dwala, dwola; reinforced and semantically influenced by Old Norse dvala.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dwales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "dwale",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dwale (plural dwales)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 13 21 19 9 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Ethics",
"orig": "enm:Ethics",
"parents": [
"Philosophy",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A stupor or trance; torpor."
],
"id": "en-dwale-enm-noun-lzWvJQ7G",
"links": [
[
"stupor",
"stupor"
],
[
"trance",
"trance"
],
[
"torpor",
"torpor"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Belladonna or a similar soporific plant."
],
"id": "en-dwale-enm-noun-4dlT678d",
"links": [
[
"Belladonna",
"belladonna"
],
[
"soporific",
"soporific"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 8 3 1 2 16 0 2 4 8 32 1 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 8 1 0 2 15 0 2 1 8 31 0 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 25 54 4 7 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Plants",
"orig": "enm:Plants",
"parents": [
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "To bed went Alan, and John too / There was no more; they didn't need any sleeping draught.",
"ref": "1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “The Reue”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 54, recto:",
"text": "To bedde gooth Aleyn / and alſo John / Ther nas namooꝛe / hem neded no dwale",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sleeping draught, especially if made from belladonna."
],
"id": "en-dwale-enm-noun-L4wq78Mg",
"links": [
[
"sleeping draught",
"sleeping draught"
],
[
"belladonna",
"belladonna"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 12 4 66 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mind",
"orig": "enm:Mind",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 6 2 84 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "People",
"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An evil individual; a wrongdoer."
],
"id": "en-dwale-enm-noun-N6540lVw",
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
],
[
"wrongdoer",
"wrongdoer"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Evil; wrongdoing."
],
"id": "en-dwale-enm-noun-w2c22v1j",
"links": [
[
"Evil",
"evil"
],
[
"wrongdoing",
"wrongdoing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Evil; wrongdoing."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A delusion or deception."
],
"id": "en-dwale-enm-noun-nxjAT0T4",
"links": [
[
"delusion",
"delusion"
],
[
"deception",
"deception"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A delusion or deception."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdwaːl(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "duale"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "duole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dwole"
}
],
"word": "dwale"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Ethics",
"enm:Mind",
"enm:People",
"enm:Plants"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dwale"
},
"expansion": "English: dwale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: dwale"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dwall",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Scots: dwall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Scots: dwall"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dwala"
},
"expansion": "Old English dwala",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "dvala"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse dvala",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English dwala, dwola; reinforced and semantically influenced by Old Norse dvala.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dwales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "dwale",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dwale (plural dwales)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A stupor or trance; torpor."
],
"links": [
[
"stupor",
"stupor"
],
[
"trance",
"trance"
],
[
"torpor",
"torpor"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Belladonna or a similar soporific plant."
],
"links": [
[
"Belladonna",
"belladonna"
],
[
"soporific",
"soporific"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "To bed went Alan, and John too / There was no more; they didn't need any sleeping draught.",
"ref": "1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “The Reue”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 54, recto:",
"text": "To bedde gooth Aleyn / and alſo John / Ther nas namooꝛe / hem neded no dwale",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sleeping draught, especially if made from belladonna."
],
"links": [
[
"sleeping draught",
"sleeping draught"
],
[
"belladonna",
"belladonna"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An evil individual; a wrongdoer."
],
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
],
[
"wrongdoer",
"wrongdoer"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Evil; wrongdoing."
],
"links": [
[
"Evil",
"evil"
],
[
"wrongdoing",
"wrongdoing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Evil; wrongdoing."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A delusion or deception."
],
"links": [
[
"delusion",
"delusion"
],
[
"deception",
"deception"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A delusion or deception."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdwaːl(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "duale"
},
{
"word": "duole"
},
{
"word": "dwole"
}
],
"word": "dwale"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dwale meaning in Middle English (3.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.