See druh on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for druh meaning in All languages combined (14.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "druh",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Czech druh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "druh"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Czech druh",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*drugъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *drugъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*draugás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *draugás",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrewgʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech druh, from Proto-Slavic *drugъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *draugás, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "družka",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "animate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "druh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "druzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "druhové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "druhovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druzích",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an",
"f": "družka"
},
"expansion": "druh m anim (feminine družka)",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.an.nompli:ové"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"companion"
],
"id": "en-druh-cs-noun-yYnt8YJG",
"links": [
[
"companion",
"companion"
]
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdrux]"
},
{
"audio": "Cs-druh.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/Cs-druh.ogg/Cs-druh.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Cs-druh.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "druh"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "druh",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Czech druh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "druh"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Czech druh",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*drugъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *drugъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*draugás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *draugás",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrewgʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech druh, from Proto-Slavic *drugъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *draugás, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "inanimate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "druh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "druhy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "druhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druzích",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "druh m inan",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cs",
"name": "Taxonomy",
"orig": "cs:Taxonomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Evolutionary theory",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cs",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "cs:Male people",
"parents": [
"Male",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Potatoes are my favourite vegetables, and there are all kinds of potatoes here.",
"text": "Moje oblíbená zelenina jsou brambory, a tady jsou všechny druhy brambor.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"species"
],
"id": "en-druh-cs-noun-FVnWqjw2",
"links": [
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
],
[
"species",
"species"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(taxonomy) species"
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "družba"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "družina"
},
{
"word": "družit"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "družka"
},
{
"word": "družný"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "družstvo"
},
{
"word": "přidružený"
},
{
"word": "přidružit"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sdružení"
},
{
"word": "sdružit"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "slovní druh"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "soudruh"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdrux]"
},
{
"audio": "Cs-druh.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/Cs-druh.ogg/Cs-druh.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Cs-druh.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "druh"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "druh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "druh m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "druh m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "druh"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "druh",
"2": "druhas",
"3": "druh",
"4": "druhas",
"5": "druhes",
"6": "druha",
"7": "druhe",
"8": "druhum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dust"
],
"id": "en-druh-ang-noun-q7MnARF9",
"links": [
[
"dust",
"dust"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/drux/"
}
],
"word": "druh"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "drug",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish drug",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "drug"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish drug",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "druch"
},
"expansion": "druch",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*drugъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *drugъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*draugás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *draugás",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrewgʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "друг"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian друг (druh)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "druh"
},
"expansion": "Czech druh",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "druh"
},
"expansion": "druh",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "drużba"
},
"expansion": "drużba",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "duch"
},
"expansion": "duch",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "dusza"
},
"expansion": "dusza",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "błahy"
},
"expansion": "błahy",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "błazen"
},
"expansion": "błazen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "Sapieha"
},
"expansion": "Sapieha",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "Sapieżanka"
},
"expansion": "Sapieżanka",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish drug, druch, from Proto-Slavic *drugъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *draugás, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-. The h spelling was influenced by the pronunciation of Ukrainian друг (druh) and possibly also by Czech druh. Note, however, that h in druh alternates with ż in such words as drużba so that this orthographic rule may take precedence over the rule that forbids h at the end of words (compare duch – dusza, but błahy – błazen, and Sapieha – Sapieżanka).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drużka",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-masc-pers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "druh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "druhowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr",
"f": "drużka"
},
"expansion": "druh m pers (female equivalent drużka)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"druh"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dru",
"2": "h",
"3": "druhowie"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-masc-pers"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "pl:Male people",
"parents": [
"Male",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"friend, companion"
],
"id": "en-druh-pl-noun-wQ2RN7VQ",
"links": [
[
"friend",
"friend"
],
[
"companion",
"companion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) friend, companion"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "drużba"
},
{
"word": "drużyna"
}
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/drux/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ux"
},
{
"homophone": "druch"
},
{
"homophone": "Druch"
}
],
"word": "druh"
}
{
"categories": [
"Czech animate nouns",
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech inanimate nouns",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech masculine animate nouns",
"Czech masculine inanimate nouns",
"Czech masculine nouns",
"Czech nouns",
"Czech terms derived from Old Czech",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Old Czech",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Czech terms with audio links",
"Czech velar-stem masculine animate nouns",
"Czech velar-stem masculine inanimate nouns",
"cs:Male people"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "druh",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Czech druh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "druh"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Czech druh",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*drugъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *drugъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*draugás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *draugás",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrewgʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech druh, from Proto-Slavic *drugъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *draugás, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "družka",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "animate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "druh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "druzi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "druhové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "druhovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druzích",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an",
"f": "družka"
},
"expansion": "druh m anim (feminine družka)",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.an.nompli:ové"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"companion"
],
"links": [
[
"companion",
"companion"
]
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdrux]"
},
{
"audio": "Cs-druh.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/Cs-druh.ogg/Cs-druh.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Cs-druh.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "druh"
}
{
"categories": [
"Czech animate nouns",
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech inanimate nouns",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech masculine animate nouns",
"Czech masculine inanimate nouns",
"Czech masculine nouns",
"Czech nouns",
"Czech terms derived from Old Czech",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Old Czech",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Czech terms with audio links",
"Czech velar-stem masculine animate nouns",
"Czech velar-stem masculine inanimate nouns",
"cs:Male people"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "druh",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Czech druh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "druh"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Czech druh",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*drugъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *drugъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*draugás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *draugás",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrewgʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech druh, from Proto-Slavic *drugъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *draugás, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "inanimate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "druh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "druhy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "druhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druzích",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "druh m inan",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "družba"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "družina"
},
{
"word": "družit"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "družka"
},
{
"word": "družný"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "družstvo"
},
{
"word": "přidružený"
},
{
"word": "přidružit"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sdružení"
},
{
"word": "sdružit"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "slovní druh"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "soudruh"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Czech terms with usage examples",
"cs:Taxonomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Potatoes are my favourite vegetables, and there are all kinds of potatoes here.",
"text": "Moje oblíbená zelenina jsou brambory, a tady jsou všechny druhy brambor.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"species"
],
"links": [
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
],
[
"species",
"species"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(taxonomy) species"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdrux]"
},
{
"audio": "Cs-druh.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/Cs-druh.ogg/Cs-druh.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Cs-druh.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "druh"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "druh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "druh m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "druh m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "druh"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "druh",
"2": "druhas",
"3": "druh",
"4": "druhas",
"5": "druhes",
"6": "druha",
"7": "druhe",
"8": "druhum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"dust"
],
"links": [
[
"dust",
"dust"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/drux/"
}
],
"word": "druh"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "drug",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish drug",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "drug"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish drug",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "druch"
},
"expansion": "druch",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*drugъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *drugъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*draugás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *draugás",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrewgʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "друг"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian друг (druh)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "druh"
},
"expansion": "Czech druh",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "druh"
},
"expansion": "druh",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "drużba"
},
"expansion": "drużba",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "duch"
},
"expansion": "duch",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "dusza"
},
"expansion": "dusza",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "błahy"
},
"expansion": "błahy",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "błazen"
},
"expansion": "błazen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "Sapieha"
},
"expansion": "Sapieha",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "Sapieżanka"
},
"expansion": "Sapieżanka",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish drug, druch, from Proto-Slavic *drugъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *draugás, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-. The h spelling was influenced by the pronunciation of Ukrainian друг (druh) and possibly also by Czech druh. Note, however, that h in druh alternates with ż in such words as drużba so that this orthographic rule may take precedence over the rule that forbids h at the end of words (compare duch – dusza, but błahy – błazen, and Sapieha – Sapieżanka).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drużka",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-masc-pers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "druh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "druhach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "druhu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "druhowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr",
"f": "drużka"
},
"expansion": "druh m pers (female equivalent drużka)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"druh"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dru",
"2": "h",
"3": "druhowie"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-masc-pers"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "drużba"
},
{
"word": "drużyna"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish literary terms",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ux",
"Rhymes:Polish/ux/1 syllable",
"pl:Male people"
],
"glosses": [
"friend, companion"
],
"links": [
[
"friend",
"friend"
],
[
"companion",
"companion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) friend, companion"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/drux/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ux"
},
{
"homophone": "druch"
},
{
"homophone": "Druch"
}
],
"word": "druh"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.