See draen on Wiktionary
{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "br", "2": "cel-bry-pro", "3": "*draɣen" }, "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *draɣen", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "br", "2": "cel-pro", "3": "*dragenā", "4": "", "5": "sloetree, blackthorn, Prunus spinosa" }, "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dragenā (“sloetree, blackthorn, Prunus spinosa”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "draigen" }, "expansion": "Old Irish draigen", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ga", "2": "draighean" }, "expansion": "Irish draighean", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "br", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰergʰ-", "t": "blackbush, sloe tree" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰergʰ- (“blackbush, sloe tree”)", "name": "inh" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *draɣen, from Proto-Celtic *dragenā (“sloetree, blackthorn, Prunus spinosa”) (compare Old Irish draigen, modern Irish draighean), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰergʰ- (“blackbush, sloe tree”).", "forms": [ { "form": "drein", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "draenenn", "tags": [ "singulative" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "draen", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "singular", "unmutated" ] }, { "form": "zraen", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "mutation-soft", "singular" ] }, { "form": "traen", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "mutation-hard", "singular" ] }, { "form": "drein", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "plural", "unmutated" ] }, { "form": "zrein", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "mutation-soft", "plural" ] }, { "form": "trein", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "mutation-hard", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "br", "10": "{{{p3}}}", "11": "", "12": "{{{d}}}", "13": "", "14": "{{{c}}}", "15": "singulative", "16": "draenenn", "17": "", "18": "{{{s2}}}", "2": "nouns", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "plural", "6": "drein", "7": "", "8": "{{{p2}}}", "9": "", "f2accel-form": "p", "f5accel-form": "d", "f7accel-form": "sgl", "f8accel-form": "s", "g": "f", "g2": "", "g3": "", "head": "", "sort": "" }, "expansion": "draen f (plural drein, singulative draenenn)", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "1": "f", "p": "drein", "s": "draenenn" }, "expansion": "draen f (plural drein, singulative draenenn)", "name": "br-noun" } ], "lang": "Breton", "lang_code": "br", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "br", "name": "Botany", "orig": "br:Botany", "parents": [ "Biology", "Sciences", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "54 7 2 2 15 19", "kind": "other", "name": "Breton entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "thorn" ], "id": "en-draen-br-noun-BJruvsjr", "links": [ [ "botany", "botany" ], [ "thorn", "thorn" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(botany) thorn" ], "tags": [ "feminine" ], "topics": [ "biology", "botany", "natural-sciences" ] }, { "glosses": [ "fishbone" ], "id": "en-draen-br-noun-D2u2rnOU", "links": [ [ "fishbone", "fishbone" ] ], "tags": [ "feminine" ] }, { "glosses": [ "point, tip (of sharp object)" ], "id": "en-draen-br-noun-olXZlPWC", "links": [ [ "point", "point" ], [ "tip", "tip" ] ], "tags": [ "feminine" ] }, { "glosses": [ "détente" ], "id": "en-draen-br-noun-4Gljj2EJ", "links": [ [ "détente", "détente" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(by extension, of arms) détente" ], "raw_tags": [ "of arms" ], "tags": [ "broadly", "feminine" ] }, { "glosses": [ "withers" ], "id": "en-draen-br-noun-~UcsiriF", "links": [ [ "withers", "withers" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(by extension, of horse) withers" ], "raw_tags": [ "of horse" ], "tags": [ "broadly", "feminine" ] }, { "glosses": [ "snag, hitch, problem, difficulty" ], "id": "en-draen-br-noun-owtVZMrD", "links": [ [ "snag", "snag" ], [ "hitch", "hitch" ], [ "problem", "problem" ], [ "difficulty", "difficulty" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(figurative) snag, hitch, problem, difficulty" ], "tags": [ "feminine", "figuratively" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈdʁɛːn/" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Brill Publishers" ], "word": "draen" } { "forms": [ { "form": "draein", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draenta", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "cln", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "nominative", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "indefinite" ] }, { "form": "draen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "indefinite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draenta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "indefinite", "plural" ] }, { "form": "vocative", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "indefinite" ] }, { "form": "a dhraein", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "indefinite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "a dhraenta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "indefinite", "plural" ] }, { "form": "genitive", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "indefinite" ] }, { "form": "draein", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "indefinite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dative", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "indefinite" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "cln", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "nominative", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite" ] }, { "form": "an draen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "na draenta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "plural" ] }, { "form": "genitive", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite" ] }, { "form": "an draein", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "na ndraenta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "plural" ] }, { "form": "dative", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite" ] }, { "form": "leis an draen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "don draen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "leis na draenta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "ga-mut", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "draen", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "dhraen", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "ndraen", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ga", "10": "", "11": "nominative plural", "12": "draenta", "13": "", "14": "", "15": "", "16": "", "2": "noun", "3": "genitive singular", "4": "draein", "5": "", "6": "", "7": "", "8": "", "9": "", "cat2": "", "f1request": "1", "f4request": "1", "g": "m", "g2": "", "g3": "", "head": "" }, "expansion": "draen m (genitive singular draein, nominative plural draenta)", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "1": "m", "2": "draein", "3": "~ta" }, "expansion": "draen m (genitive singular draein, nominative plural draenta)", "name": "ga-noun" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "ga-mut" } ], "lang": "Irish", "lang_code": "ga", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "alt_of": [ { "extra": "drain", "word": "draein" } ], "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 4 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "16 2 2 2 6 5 52 4 4 5 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 4 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 2 1 1 5 4 54 3 3 4 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "Alternative form of draein (“drain”)" ], "id": "en-draen-ga-noun-RaWZB~nT", "links": [ [ "draein", "draein#Irish" ] ], "tags": [ "alt-of", "alternative", "masculine" ] } ], "word": "draen" } { "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmh", "2": "dræjen", "3": "dræn" }, "expansion": "Middle High German: dræjen, dræn", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle High German: dræjen, dræn" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "bar", "2": "drahn" }, "expansion": "Bavarian: drahn", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Bavarian: drahn" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cim", "2": "dréenan" }, "expansion": "Cimbrian: dréenan", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Cimbrian: dréenan" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-cfr", "2": "driehe", "3": "drähe", "4": "drähne" }, "expansion": "Central Franconian: driehe, drähe, drähne", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Central Franconian: driehe, drähe, drähne" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "hrx", "2": "drehe" }, "expansion": "Hunsrik: drehe", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Hunsrik: drehe" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "lb", "2": "dréien", "3": "dréinen" }, "expansion": "Luxembourgish: dréien, dréinen", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Luxembourgish: dréien, dréinen" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "drehen" }, "expansion": "German: drehen", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "German: drehen" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "yi", "2": "דרייען" }, "expansion": "Yiddish: דרייען (dreyen)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Yiddish: דרייען (dreyen)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*þrāan" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þrāan", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*þrēaną" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þrēaną", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "thrāian" }, "expansion": "Old Saxon thrāian", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "þrāwan" }, "expansion": "Old English þrāwan", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *þrāan, from Proto-Germanic *þrēaną, akin to Old Saxon thrāian, Old English þrāwan.", "forms": [ { "form": "drāen", "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "weak", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "goh-conj-wk1", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "1", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "draen", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive" ] }, { "form": "drau", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "drata", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "drais", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draist", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dratōs", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dratōst", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "drait", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "drata", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "draem", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "draemēs", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "dratum", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "dratumēs", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "draet", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "dratut", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "draent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dratun", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "drae", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "drati", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draēs", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draēst", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dratīs", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dratīst", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "drae", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "drati", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "draēm", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "draēn", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "dratīm", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "dratīn", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "dratīmēs", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "draēt", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "dratīt", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "draēn", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dratīn", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "drai", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draet", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "draenti", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present" ] }, { "form": "gidrat", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "verb", "head": "drāen", "head2": "", "sort": "" }, "expansion": "drāen", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "head": "drāen" }, "expansion": "drāen", "name": "goh-verb" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "dra" }, "name": "goh-conj-wk1" } ], "lang": "Old High German", "lang_code": "goh", "pos": "verb", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "drāto" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "50 50", "kind": "other", "name": "Old High German entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "to twist" ], "id": "en-draen-goh-verb-yLU83-d1", "links": [ [ "twist", "twist" ] ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "50 50", "kind": "other", "name": "Old High German entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "to turn" ], "id": "en-draen-goh-verb-4s29iXOP", "links": [ [ "turn", "turn" ] ] } ], "word": "draen" } { "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cy", "2": "cel-bry-pro", "3": "*draɣen" }, "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *draɣen", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "cy", "2": "cel-pro", "3": "*dragenā", "4": "", "5": "sloetree, blackthorn, Prunus spinosa" }, "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dragenā (“sloetree, blackthorn, Prunus spinosa”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "draigen" }, "expansion": "Old Irish draigen", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ga", "2": "draighean" }, "expansion": "Irish draighean", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "cy", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰergʰ-", "t": "blackbush, sloe tree" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰergʰ- (“blackbush, sloe tree”)", "name": "inh" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *draɣen, from Proto-Celtic *dragenā (“sloetree, blackthorn, Prunus spinosa”) (compare Old Irish draigen, modern Irish draighean), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰergʰ- (“blackbush, sloe tree”).", "forms": [ { "form": "draenen", "tags": [ "singulative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "f-p", "2": "draenen" }, "expansion": "draen f (collective, singulative draenen)", "name": "cy-noun" } ], "lang": "Welsh", "lang_code": "cy", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "alt_of": [ { "extra": "thorn, prickle", "word": "drain" } ], "categories": [ { "_dis": "92 8", "kind": "other", "name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "83 17", "kind": "lifeform", "langcode": "cy", "name": "Plants", "orig": "cy:Plants", "parents": [ "Lifeforms", "All topics", "Life", "Fundamental", "Nature" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "draenog" }, { "word": "dreiniog" }, { "word": "ar y draen" }, { "english": "on tenterhooks", "word": "ar ddraen" } ], "glosses": [ "Alternative form of drain (“thorn, prickle”)" ], "id": "en-draen-cy-noun-XIXsEq-V", "links": [ [ "drain", "drain#Welsh" ] ], "tags": [ "alt-of", "alternative", "collective", "feminine" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/draːɨ̯n/", "tags": [ "North-Wales" ] }, { "ipa": "/drai̯n/", "tags": [ "South-Wales" ] }, { "rhymes": "-aːɨ̯n" }, { "homophone": "drain (South Wales)" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Brill Publishers" ], "word": "draen" } { "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cy", "2": "en", "3": "drain" }, "expansion": "English drain", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "From English drain.", "forms": [ { "form": "dreiniau", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "cy-mut", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "draen", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "ddraen", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "soft" ] }, { "form": "nraen", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "f", "2": "dreiniau" }, "expansion": "draen f (plural dreiniau)", "name": "cy-noun" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "cy-mut" } ], "lang": "Welsh", "lang_code": "cy", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "drain" ], "id": "en-draen-cy-noun-UQNFR478", "links": [ [ "drain", "drain" ] ], "related": [ { "word": "draenio" }, { "english": "to drain", "word": "dreinio" }, { "english": "drainage", "word": "draeniad" } ], "tags": [ "feminine" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/draːɨ̯n/", "tags": [ "North-Wales" ] }, { "ipa": "/drai̯n/", "tags": [ "South-Wales" ] }, { "rhymes": "-aːɨ̯n" }, { "homophone": "drain (South Wales)" } ], "word": "draen" }
{ "categories": [ "Breton entries with incorrect language header", "Breton feminine nouns", "Breton lemmas", "Breton nouns", "Breton terms derived from Proto-Brythonic", "Breton terms derived from Proto-Celtic", "Breton terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Breton terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic", "Breton terms inherited from Proto-Celtic", "Breton terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "cy:Plants" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "br", "2": "cel-bry-pro", "3": "*draɣen" }, "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *draɣen", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "br", "2": "cel-pro", "3": "*dragenā", "4": "", "5": "sloetree, blackthorn, Prunus spinosa" }, "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dragenā (“sloetree, blackthorn, Prunus spinosa”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "draigen" }, "expansion": "Old Irish draigen", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ga", "2": "draighean" }, "expansion": "Irish draighean", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "br", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰergʰ-", "t": "blackbush, sloe tree" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰergʰ- (“blackbush, sloe tree”)", "name": "inh" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *draɣen, from Proto-Celtic *dragenā (“sloetree, blackthorn, Prunus spinosa”) (compare Old Irish draigen, modern Irish draighean), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰergʰ- (“blackbush, sloe tree”).", "forms": [ { "form": "drein", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "draenenn", "tags": [ "singulative" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "draen", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "singular", "unmutated" ] }, { "form": "zraen", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "mutation-soft", "singular" ] }, { "form": "traen", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "mutation-hard", "singular" ] }, { "form": "drein", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "plural", "unmutated" ] }, { "form": "zrein", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "mutation-soft", "plural" ] }, { "form": "trein", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "mutation-hard", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "br", "10": "{{{p3}}}", "11": "", "12": "{{{d}}}", "13": "", "14": "{{{c}}}", "15": "singulative", "16": "draenenn", "17": "", "18": "{{{s2}}}", "2": "nouns", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "plural", "6": "drein", "7": "", "8": "{{{p2}}}", "9": "", "f2accel-form": "p", "f5accel-form": "d", "f7accel-form": "sgl", "f8accel-form": "s", "g": "f", "g2": "", "g3": "", "head": "", "sort": "" }, "expansion": "draen f (plural drein, singulative draenenn)", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "1": "f", "p": "drein", "s": "draenenn" }, "expansion": "draen f (plural drein, singulative draenenn)", "name": "br-noun" } ], "lang": "Breton", "lang_code": "br", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "br:Botany" ], "glosses": [ "thorn" ], "links": [ [ "botany", "botany" ], [ "thorn", "thorn" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(botany) thorn" ], "tags": [ "feminine" ], "topics": [ "biology", "botany", "natural-sciences" ] }, { "glosses": [ "fishbone" ], "links": [ [ "fishbone", "fishbone" ] ], "tags": [ "feminine" ] }, { "glosses": [ "point, tip (of sharp object)" ], "links": [ [ "point", "point" ], [ "tip", "tip" ] ], "tags": [ "feminine" ] }, { "glosses": [ "détente" ], "links": [ [ "détente", "détente" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(by extension, of arms) détente" ], "raw_tags": [ "of arms" ], "tags": [ "broadly", "feminine" ] }, { "glosses": [ "withers" ], "links": [ [ "withers", "withers" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(by extension, of horse) withers" ], "raw_tags": [ "of horse" ], "tags": [ "broadly", "feminine" ] }, { "glosses": [ "snag, hitch, problem, difficulty" ], "links": [ [ "snag", "snag" ], [ "hitch", "hitch" ], [ "problem", "problem" ], [ "difficulty", "difficulty" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(figurative) snag, hitch, problem, difficulty" ], "tags": [ "feminine", "figuratively" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈdʁɛːn/" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Brill Publishers" ], "word": "draen" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "cy:Plants" ], "forms": [ { "form": "draein", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draenta", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "cln", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "nominative", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "indefinite" ] }, { "form": "draen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "indefinite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draenta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "indefinite", "plural" ] }, { "form": "vocative", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "indefinite" ] }, { "form": "a dhraein", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "indefinite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "a dhraenta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "indefinite", "plural" ] }, { "form": "genitive", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "indefinite" ] }, { "form": "draein", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "indefinite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dative", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "indefinite" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "cln", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "nominative", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite" ] }, { "form": "an draen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "na draenta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "plural" ] }, { "form": "genitive", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite" ] }, { "form": "an draein", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "na ndraenta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "plural" ] }, { "form": "dative", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite" ] }, { "form": "leis an draen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "don draen", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "leis na draenta", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "ga-mut", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "draen", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "dhraen", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "ndraen", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ga", "10": "", "11": "nominative plural", "12": "draenta", "13": "", "14": "", "15": "", "16": "", "2": "noun", "3": "genitive singular", "4": "draein", "5": "", "6": "", "7": "", "8": "", "9": "", "cat2": "", "f1request": "1", "f4request": "1", "g": "m", "g2": "", "g3": "", "head": "" }, "expansion": "draen m (genitive singular draein, nominative plural draenta)", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "1": "m", "2": "draein", "3": "~ta" }, "expansion": "draen m (genitive singular draein, nominative plural draenta)", "name": "ga-noun" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "ga-mut" } ], "lang": "Irish", "lang_code": "ga", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "alt_of": [ { "extra": "drain", "word": "draein" } ], "categories": [ "Irish entries with incorrect language header", "Irish first-declension nouns", "Irish lemmas", "Irish masculine nouns", "Irish nouns", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "glosses": [ "Alternative form of draein (“drain”)" ], "links": [ [ "draein", "draein#Irish" ] ], "tags": [ "alt-of", "alternative", "masculine" ] } ], "word": "draen" } { "categories": [ "Old High German class 1 weak verbs", "Old High German entries with incorrect language header", "Old High German lemmas", "Old High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "Old High German verbs", "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "cy:Plants" ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmh", "2": "dræjen", "3": "dræn" }, "expansion": "Middle High German: dræjen, dræn", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle High German: dræjen, dræn" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "bar", "2": "drahn" }, "expansion": "Bavarian: drahn", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Bavarian: drahn" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cim", "2": "dréenan" }, "expansion": "Cimbrian: dréenan", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Cimbrian: dréenan" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-cfr", "2": "driehe", "3": "drähe", "4": "drähne" }, "expansion": "Central Franconian: driehe, drähe, drähne", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Central Franconian: driehe, drähe, drähne" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "hrx", "2": "drehe" }, "expansion": "Hunsrik: drehe", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Hunsrik: drehe" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "lb", "2": "dréien", "3": "dréinen" }, "expansion": "Luxembourgish: dréien, dréinen", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Luxembourgish: dréien, dréinen" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "drehen" }, "expansion": "German: drehen", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "German: drehen" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "yi", "2": "דרייען" }, "expansion": "Yiddish: דרייען (dreyen)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Yiddish: דרייען (dreyen)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*þrāan" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þrāan", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*þrēaną" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þrēaną", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "thrāian" }, "expansion": "Old Saxon thrāian", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "þrāwan" }, "expansion": "Old English þrāwan", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *þrāan, from Proto-Germanic *þrēaną, akin to Old Saxon thrāian, Old English þrāwan.", "forms": [ { "form": "drāen", "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "weak", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "goh-conj-wk1", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "1", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "draen", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive" ] }, { "form": "drau", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "drata", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "drais", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draist", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dratōs", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dratōst", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "drait", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "drata", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "draem", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "draemēs", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "dratum", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "dratumēs", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "draet", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "dratut", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "draent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dratun", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "drae", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "drati", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draēs", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draēst", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dratīs", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "dratīst", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "drae", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "drati", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "draēm", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "draēn", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "dratīm", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "dratīn", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "dratīmēs", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "draēt", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "dratīt", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "draēn", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "dratīn", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "drai", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draet", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "draenti", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present" ] }, { "form": "gidrat", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "verb", "head": "drāen", "head2": "", "sort": "" }, "expansion": "drāen", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "head": "drāen" }, "expansion": "drāen", "name": "goh-verb" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "dra" }, "name": "goh-conj-wk1" } ], "lang": "Old High German", "lang_code": "goh", "pos": "verb", "related": [ { "word": "drāto" } ], "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "to twist" ], "links": [ [ "twist", "twist" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "to turn" ], "links": [ [ "turn", "turn" ] ] } ], "word": "draen" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:Welsh/aːɨ̯n", "Rhymes:Welsh/aːɨ̯n/1 syllable", "Welsh collective nouns", "Welsh countable nouns", "Welsh entries with incorrect language header", "Welsh feminine nouns", "Welsh lemmas", "Welsh nouns", "Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines", "Welsh terms borrowed from English", "Welsh terms derived from English", "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic", "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic", "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic", "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic", "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European", "Welsh terms with homophones", "cy:Plants" ], "derived": [ { "word": "draenog" }, { "word": "dreiniog" }, { "word": "ar y draen" }, { "english": "on tenterhooks", "word": "ar ddraen" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cy", "2": "cel-bry-pro", "3": "*draɣen" }, "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *draɣen", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "cy", "2": "cel-pro", "3": "*dragenā", "4": "", "5": "sloetree, blackthorn, Prunus spinosa" }, "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dragenā (“sloetree, blackthorn, Prunus spinosa”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "draigen" }, "expansion": "Old Irish draigen", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ga", "2": "draighean" }, "expansion": "Irish draighean", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "cy", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰergʰ-", "t": "blackbush, sloe tree" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰergʰ- (“blackbush, sloe tree”)", "name": "inh" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *draɣen, from Proto-Celtic *dragenā (“sloetree, blackthorn, Prunus spinosa”) (compare Old Irish draigen, modern Irish draighean), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰergʰ- (“blackbush, sloe tree”).", "forms": [ { "form": "draenen", "tags": [ "singulative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "f-p", "2": "draenen" }, "expansion": "draen f (collective, singulative draenen)", "name": "cy-noun" } ], "lang": "Welsh", "lang_code": "cy", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "alt_of": [ { "extra": "thorn, prickle", "word": "drain" } ], "glosses": [ "Alternative form of drain (“thorn, prickle”)" ], "links": [ [ "drain", "drain#Welsh" ] ], "tags": [ "alt-of", "alternative", "collective", "feminine" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/draːɨ̯n/", "tags": [ "North-Wales" ] }, { "ipa": "/drai̯n/", "tags": [ "South-Wales" ] }, { "rhymes": "-aːɨ̯n" }, { "homophone": "drain (South Wales)" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Brill Publishers" ], "word": "draen" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 4 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:Welsh/aːɨ̯n", "Rhymes:Welsh/aːɨ̯n/1 syllable", "Welsh countable nouns", "Welsh entries with incorrect language header", "Welsh feminine nouns", "Welsh lemmas", "Welsh nouns", "Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines", "Welsh terms borrowed from English", "Welsh terms derived from English", "Welsh terms with homophones", "cy:Plants" ], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "cy", "2": "en", "3": "drain" }, "expansion": "English drain", "name": "bor" } ], "etymology_text": "From English drain.", "forms": [ { "form": "dreiniau", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "cy-mut", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "draen", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "ddraen", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "soft" ] }, { "form": "nraen", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "f", "2": "dreiniau" }, "expansion": "draen f (plural dreiniau)", "name": "cy-noun" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "cy-mut" } ], "lang": "Welsh", "lang_code": "cy", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "word": "draenio" }, { "english": "to drain", "word": "dreinio" }, { "english": "drainage", "word": "draeniad" } ], "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "drain" ], "links": [ [ "drain", "drain" ] ], "tags": [ "feminine" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/draːɨ̯n/", "tags": [ "North-Wales" ] }, { "ipa": "/drai̯n/", "tags": [ "South-Wales" ] }, { "rhymes": "-aːɨ̯n" }, { "homophone": "drain (South Wales)" } ], "word": "draen" }
Download raw JSONL data for draen meaning in All languages combined (17.6kB)
{ "called_from": "inflection/2457", "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: nominative", "path": [ "draen" ], "section": "Irish", "subsection": "noun", "title": "draen", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "inflection/2457", "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: vocative", "path": [ "draen" ], "section": "Irish", "subsection": "noun", "title": "draen", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "inflection/2457", "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: genitive", "path": [ "draen" ], "section": "Irish", "subsection": "noun", "title": "draen", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "inflection/2457", "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: dative", "path": [ "draen" ], "section": "Irish", "subsection": "noun", "title": "draen", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "inflection/2457", "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: nominative", "path": [ "draen" ], "section": "Irish", "subsection": "noun", "title": "draen", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "inflection/2457", "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: genitive", "path": [ "draen" ], "section": "Irish", "subsection": "noun", "title": "draen", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "inflection/2457", "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: dative", "path": [ "draen" ], "section": "Irish", "subsection": "noun", "title": "draen", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "inflection/865", "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: draen/Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()", "path": [ "draen" ], "section": "Irish", "subsection": "noun", "title": "draen", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "inflection/735", "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'", "path": [ "draen" ], "section": "Irish", "subsection": "noun", "title": "draen", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "inflection/735", "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'eclipsis'", "path": [ "draen" ], "section": "Irish", "subsection": "noun", "title": "draen", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "inflection/865", "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: draen/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()", "path": [ "draen" ], "section": "Welsh", "subsection": "noun", "title": "draen", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "inflection/865", "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: draen/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}", "path": [ "draen" ], "section": "Welsh", "subsection": "noun", "title": "draen", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "inflection/865", "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: draen/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}", "path": [ "draen" ], "section": "Welsh", "subsection": "noun", "title": "draen", "trace": "" }
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.