See dorsum on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dorsum",
"4": "",
"5": "the back"
},
"expansion": "Latin dorsum (“the back”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowing from Latin dorsum (“the back”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dorsa",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dorsa"
},
"expansion": "dorsum (plural dorsa)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dorsal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dorsumal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dorsum sellae"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 25 24",
"kind": "other",
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"Entry maintenance"
],
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{
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{
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},
{
"_dis": "28 28 16 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The back or dorsal region on the surface of an animal.",
"The back of the tongue, used for articulating dorsal consonants."
],
"id": "en-dorsum-en-noun-CV2qPnFM",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"dorsal",
"dorsal"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
],
[
"articulating",
"articulate"
],
[
"consonant",
"consonant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The back or dorsal region on the surface of an animal.",
"The back of the tongue, used for articulating dorsal consonants."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "back"
}
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "65 19 0 16",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shébèi",
"sense": "back of the tongue",
"word": "舌背"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 19 0 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "back of the tongue",
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"word": "Dorsum linguae"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 19 0 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "back of the tongue",
"topics": [
"linguistics",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "Dorsum"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 19 0 16",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "back of the tongue",
"word": "Zungenrücken"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
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},
{
"_dis": "26 26 25 24",
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"Entry maintenance"
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},
{
"_dis": "27 27 20 26",
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "24 24 19 23 1 1 8",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 16 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The back or dorsal region on the surface of an animal.",
"The top of the foot or the back of the hand."
],
"id": "en-dorsum-en-noun-HDwA1CE1",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"dorsal",
"dorsal"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"top",
"top"
],
[
"foot",
"foot"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The back or dorsal region on the surface of an animal.",
"The top of the foot or the back of the hand."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "back"
}
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "15 74 0 10",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiǎobèi",
"sense": "top of the foot or back of the hand",
"word": "腳背 /脚背"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 74 0 10",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shǒubèi",
"sense": "top of the foot or back of the hand",
"word": "手背"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "en:Geology",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 25 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 20 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 19 23 1 1 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 16 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A ridge on a hill, or on the surface of a planet or moon."
],
"id": "en-dorsum-en-noun-CYLD12qF",
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"hill",
"hill"
],
[
"planet",
"planet"
],
[
"moon",
"moon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) A ridge on a hill, or on the surface of a planet or moon."
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "12 12 67 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "ridge on a hill",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Dorsum"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Astronomy",
"orig": "en:Astronomy",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"Space",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 25 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 20 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 16 32 2 2 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 19 23 1 1 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 16 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 16 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Theta Capricorni, a star on the back of the Goat."
],
"id": "en-dorsum-en-noun-giNNp7MZ",
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"Theta Capricorni",
"Theta Capricorni"
],
[
"star",
"star"
],
[
"Goat",
"Goat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) Theta Capricorni, a star on the back of the Goat."
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɔː.səm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɔɹ.səm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "45 45 0 11",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bèibù",
"sense": "back of an animal",
"word": "背部"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 45 0 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "in anatomy",
"sense": "back of an animal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Dorsum"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 45 0 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "back of an animal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rücken"
}
],
"word": "dorsum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dorsālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dorsō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Dorsō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dorsuālis"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "dossum"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin: dossum",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Vulgar Latin: dossum (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "dors",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: dors",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: dors"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dorsum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: dorsum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: dorsum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "dorso",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: dorso",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: dorso"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "dorso",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: dorso",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: dorso"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "dorso",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: dorso",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: dorso"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "dorso",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: dorso",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: dorso"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*dorsom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *dorsom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*drosman",
"3": "*dros-man"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dros-man",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "druimm",
"3": "",
"4": "back, ridge"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish druimm (“back, ridge”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *dorsom, probably derived from deorsum (“downwards”) < *dēvorsum, with a semantic shift from \"turned away from\" > \"back\". Ramat notes that the two terms' contemporaneous use suggests that one was not a phonetic development of the other; however, de Vaan explains this as a case of lexical differentiation in the written and by extension spoken forms. A potential connection with a Proto-Celtic *dros-man, giving Old Irish druimm (“back, ridge”), is unclear.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dorsī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsōrum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dorsum<2>"
},
"expansion": "dorsum n (genitive dorsī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dorsum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "la:Anatomy",
"parents": [
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"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the back (part of the body between the neck and buttocks)"
],
"id": "en-dorsum-la-noun-sEzUAOqY",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"neck",
"neck#English"
],
[
"buttocks",
"buttocks#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) the back (part of the body between the neck and buttocks)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 19 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "la:Landforms",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(This “vast reef” or “huge ridge” posed a hidden danger; understood more imaginatively, a “monstrous spine” of rock destroyed the ships. Notus was the Greek south wind.)",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.108–110",
"text": "Trīs Notus abreptās in saxa latentia torquet —\nsaxa vocant Italī mediīs quae in flūctibus ārās —\ndorsum immāne marī summō ….\nThree [ships] were taken away [by] the Southwind, hurled into hidden rocks – rocks the Italians call the Altars, which [are] in the middle of the waves – a vast reef near the surface of the sea."
},
{
"english": "This [new city] was named Alba Longa, from its position, as it lay stretched out along the ridge",
"ref": "27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.3",
"text": "Quae ab situ porrectae in dorso urbis Longa Alba appellata"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the ridge, summit of a hill, a reef in the sea; any elevation"
],
"id": "en-dorsum-la-noun-90lyXzCE",
"links": [
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"summit",
"summit"
],
[
"hill",
"hill"
],
[
"reef",
"reef"
],
[
"sea",
"sea"
],
[
"elevation",
"elevation"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense) the ridge, summit of a hill, a reef in the sea; any elevation"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdor.sum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪ɔrs̠ʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdor.sum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪ɔrsum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dorsus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "late",
"tags": [
"proscribed"
],
"word": "dossum"
}
],
"word": "dorsum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dorsum",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "dorsum (not comparable)",
"name": "la-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "down",
"word": "deorsum"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of deorsum (“down”)"
],
"id": "en-dorsum-la-adv-la:down",
"links": [
[
"deorsum",
"deorsum#Latin"
]
],
"senseid": [
"la:down"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdor.sum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪ɔrs̠ʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdor.sum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪ɔrsum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "dorsum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dorsum",
"4": "",
"5": "the back"
},
"expansion": "Latin dorsum (“the back”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowing from Latin dorsum (“the back”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dorsa",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dorsa"
},
"expansion": "dorsum (plural dorsa)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "dorsal"
},
{
"word": "dorsumal"
},
{
"word": "dorsum sellae"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"The back or dorsal region on the surface of an animal.",
"The back of the tongue, used for articulating dorsal consonants."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"dorsal",
"dorsal"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
],
[
"articulating",
"articulate"
],
[
"consonant",
"consonant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The back or dorsal region on the surface of an animal.",
"The back of the tongue, used for articulating dorsal consonants."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "back"
}
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"The back or dorsal region on the surface of an animal.",
"The top of the foot or the back of the hand."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"dorsal",
"dorsal"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"top",
"top"
],
[
"foot",
"foot"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The back or dorsal region on the surface of an animal.",
"The top of the foot or the back of the hand."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "back"
}
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Geology"
],
"glosses": [
"A ridge on a hill, or on the surface of a planet or moon."
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"hill",
"hill"
],
[
"planet",
"planet"
],
[
"moon",
"moon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) A ridge on a hill, or on the surface of a planet or moon."
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Astronomy"
],
"glosses": [
"Theta Capricorni, a star on the back of the Goat."
],
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"Theta Capricorni",
"Theta Capricorni"
],
[
"star",
"star"
],
[
"Goat",
"Goat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) Theta Capricorni, a star on the back of the Goat."
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɔː.səm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɔɹ.səm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bèibù",
"sense": "back of an animal",
"word": "背部"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "in anatomy",
"sense": "back of an animal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Dorsum"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "back of an animal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rücken"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shébèi",
"sense": "back of the tongue",
"word": "舌背"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "back of the tongue",
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"word": "Dorsum linguae"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "back of the tongue",
"topics": [
"linguistics",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "Dorsum"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "back of the tongue",
"word": "Zungenrücken"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jiǎobèi",
"sense": "top of the foot or back of the hand",
"word": "腳背 /脚背"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shǒubèi",
"sense": "top of the foot or back of the hand",
"word": "手背"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "ridge on a hill",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Dorsum"
}
],
"word": "dorsum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin adverbs",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin uncomparable adverbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Landforms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dorsālis"
},
{
"word": "dorsō"
},
{
"word": "Dorsō"
},
{
"word": "dorsuālis"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "dossum"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin: dossum",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Vulgar Latin: dossum (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "dors",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: dors",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: dors"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dorsum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: dorsum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: dorsum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "dorso",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: dorso",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: dorso"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "dorso",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: dorso",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: dorso"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "dorso",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: dorso",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: dorso"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "dorso",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: dorso",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: dorso"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*dorsom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *dorsom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*drosman",
"3": "*dros-man"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dros-man",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "druimm",
"3": "",
"4": "back, ridge"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish druimm (“back, ridge”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *dorsom, probably derived from deorsum (“downwards”) < *dēvorsum, with a semantic shift from \"turned away from\" > \"back\". Ramat notes that the two terms' contemporaneous use suggests that one was not a phonetic development of the other; however, de Vaan explains this as a case of lexical differentiation in the written and by extension spoken forms. A potential connection with a Proto-Celtic *dros-man, giving Old Irish druimm (“back, ridge”), is unclear.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dorsī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsōrum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dorsum<2>"
},
"expansion": "dorsum n (genitive dorsī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dorsum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"la:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"the back (part of the body between the neck and buttocks)"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"neck",
"neck#English"
],
[
"buttocks",
"buttocks#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) the back (part of the body between the neck and buttocks)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Latin terms with transferred senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(This “vast reef” or “huge ridge” posed a hidden danger; understood more imaginatively, a “monstrous spine” of rock destroyed the ships. Notus was the Greek south wind.)",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.108–110",
"text": "Trīs Notus abreptās in saxa latentia torquet —\nsaxa vocant Italī mediīs quae in flūctibus ārās —\ndorsum immāne marī summō ….\nThree [ships] were taken away [by] the Southwind, hurled into hidden rocks – rocks the Italians call the Altars, which [are] in the middle of the waves – a vast reef near the surface of the sea."
},
{
"english": "This [new city] was named Alba Longa, from its position, as it lay stretched out along the ridge",
"ref": "27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.3",
"text": "Quae ab situ porrectae in dorso urbis Longa Alba appellata"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the ridge, summit of a hill, a reef in the sea; any elevation"
],
"links": [
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"summit",
"summit"
],
[
"hill",
"hill"
],
[
"reef",
"reef"
],
[
"sea",
"sea"
],
[
"elevation",
"elevation"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense) the ridge, summit of a hill, a reef in the sea; any elevation"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdor.sum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪ɔrs̠ʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdor.sum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪ɔrsum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dorsus"
},
{
"english": "late",
"tags": [
"proscribed"
],
"word": "dossum"
}
],
"word": "dorsum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin adverbs",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin uncomparable adverbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dorsum",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "dorsum (not comparable)",
"name": "la-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "down",
"word": "deorsum"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of deorsum (“down”)"
],
"links": [
[
"deorsum",
"deorsum#Latin"
]
],
"senseid": [
"la:down"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdor.sum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪ɔrs̠ʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdor.sum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪ɔrsum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "dorsum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dorsum meaning in All languages combined (11.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (e4a2c88 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.