See dorsum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dorsālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dorsō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Dorsō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dorsuālis"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "dossum"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin: dossum",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Vulgar Latin: dossum (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "dors",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: dors",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: dors"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dorsum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: dorsum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: dorsum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "dorso",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: dorso",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: dorso"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "dorso",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: dorso",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: dorso"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "dorso",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: dorso",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: dorso"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "dorso",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: dorso",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: dorso"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*dorsom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *dorsom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*drosman",
"3": "*dros-man"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dros-man",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "druimm",
"3": "",
"4": "back, ridge"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish druimm (“back, ridge”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *dorsom, probably derived from deorsum (“downwards”) < *dēvorsum, with a semantic shift from \"turned away from\" > \"back\". Ramat notes that the two terms' contemporaneous use suggests that one was not a phonetic development of the other; however, de Vaan explains this as a case of lexical differentiation in the written and by extension spoken forms. A potential connection with a Proto-Celtic *dros-man, giving Old Irish druimm (“back, ridge”), is unclear.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dorsī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsōrum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dorsum<2>"
},
"expansion": "dorsum n (genitive dorsī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dorsum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "la:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "22 39 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the back (part of the body between the neck and buttocks)"
],
"id": "en-dorsum-la-noun-sEzUAOqY",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"neck",
"neck#English"
],
[
"buttocks",
"buttocks#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) the back (part of the body between the neck and buttocks)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 39 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "la:Landforms",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(This “vast reef” or “huge ridge” posed a hidden danger; understood more imaginatively, a “monstrous spine” of rock destroyed the ships. Notus was the Greek south wind.)",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.108–110",
"text": "Trīs Notus abreptās in saxa latentia torquet —\nsaxa vocant Italī mediīs quae in flūctibus ārās —\ndorsum immāne marī summō ….\nThree [ships] were taken away [by] the Southwind, hurled into hidden rocks – rocks the Italians call the Altars, which [are] in the middle of the waves – a vast reef near the surface of the sea."
},
{
"english": "This [new city] was named Alba Longa, from its position, as it lay stretched out along the ridge",
"ref": "27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.3",
"text": "Quae ab situ porrectae in dorso urbis Longa Alba appellata"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the ridge, summit of a hill, a reef in the sea; any elevation"
],
"id": "en-dorsum-la-noun-90lyXzCE",
"links": [
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"summit",
"summit"
],
[
"hill",
"hill"
],
[
"reef",
"reef"
],
[
"sea",
"sea"
],
[
"elevation",
"elevation"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense) the ridge, summit of a hill, a reef in the sea; any elevation"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdor.sum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪ɔrs̠ʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdor.sum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪ɔrsum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dorsus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "late",
"tags": [
"proscribed"
],
"word": "dossum"
}
],
"word": "dorsum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dorsum",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "dorsum (not comparable)",
"name": "la-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "down",
"word": "deorsum"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 39 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of deorsum (“down”)"
],
"id": "en-dorsum-la-adv-la:down",
"links": [
[
"deorsum",
"deorsum#Latin"
]
],
"senseid": [
"la:down"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdor.sum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪ɔrs̠ʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdor.sum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪ɔrsum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "dorsum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin adverbs",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin uncomparable adverbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Landforms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dorsālis"
},
{
"word": "dorsō"
},
{
"word": "Dorsō"
},
{
"word": "dorsuālis"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "dossum"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin: dossum",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Vulgar Latin: dossum (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "dors",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: dors",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: dors"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dorsum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: dorsum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: dorsum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "dorso",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: dorso",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: dorso"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "dorso",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: dorso",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: dorso"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "dorso",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: dorso",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: dorso"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "dorso",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: dorso",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: dorso"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*dorsom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *dorsom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*drosman",
"3": "*dros-man"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dros-man",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "druimm",
"3": "",
"4": "back, ridge"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish druimm (“back, ridge”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *dorsom, probably derived from deorsum (“downwards”) < *dēvorsum, with a semantic shift from \"turned away from\" > \"back\". Ramat notes that the two terms' contemporaneous use suggests that one was not a phonetic development of the other; however, de Vaan explains this as a case of lexical differentiation in the written and by extension spoken forms. A potential connection with a Proto-Celtic *dros-man, giving Old Irish druimm (“back, ridge”), is unclear.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dorsī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsōrum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dorsa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dorsum<2>"
},
"expansion": "dorsum n (genitive dorsī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dorsum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"la:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"the back (part of the body between the neck and buttocks)"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"neck",
"neck#English"
],
[
"buttocks",
"buttocks#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) the back (part of the body between the neck and buttocks)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Latin terms with transferred senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(This “vast reef” or “huge ridge” posed a hidden danger; understood more imaginatively, a “monstrous spine” of rock destroyed the ships. Notus was the Greek south wind.)",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.108–110",
"text": "Trīs Notus abreptās in saxa latentia torquet —\nsaxa vocant Italī mediīs quae in flūctibus ārās —\ndorsum immāne marī summō ….\nThree [ships] were taken away [by] the Southwind, hurled into hidden rocks – rocks the Italians call the Altars, which [are] in the middle of the waves – a vast reef near the surface of the sea."
},
{
"english": "This [new city] was named Alba Longa, from its position, as it lay stretched out along the ridge",
"ref": "27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.3",
"text": "Quae ab situ porrectae in dorso urbis Longa Alba appellata"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the ridge, summit of a hill, a reef in the sea; any elevation"
],
"links": [
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"summit",
"summit"
],
[
"hill",
"hill"
],
[
"reef",
"reef"
],
[
"sea",
"sea"
],
[
"elevation",
"elevation"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense) the ridge, summit of a hill, a reef in the sea; any elevation"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdor.sum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪ɔrs̠ʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdor.sum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪ɔrsum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dorsus"
},
{
"english": "late",
"tags": [
"proscribed"
],
"word": "dossum"
}
],
"word": "dorsum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin adverbs",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin uncomparable adverbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dorsum",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "dorsum (not comparable)",
"name": "la-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "down",
"word": "deorsum"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of deorsum (“down”)"
],
"links": [
[
"deorsum",
"deorsum#Latin"
]
],
"senseid": [
"la:down"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdor.sum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪ɔrs̠ʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdor.sum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪ɔrsum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "dorsum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dorsum meaning in Latin (7.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.