"crescere" meaning in All languages combined

See crescere on Wiktionary

Verb [Italian]

IPA: /ˈkreʃ.ʃe.re/ Audio: LL-Q652 (ita)-LangPao-crescere.wav
Rhymes: -eʃʃere Etymology: From Latin crēscere, from Proto-Italic *krēskō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”). Etymology templates: {{inh|it|la|crēscō|crēscere}} Latin crēscere, {{inh|it|itc-pro|*krēskō}} Proto-Italic *krēskō, {{der|it|ine-pro|*ḱer-|*ḱreh₁-|to grow, become bigger}} Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”) Head templates: {{it-verb|e􂀿intransitive􂁀:a􂀿transitive􂁀\@}} créscere (first-person singular present crésco, first-person singular past historic crébbi, past participle cresciùto, auxiliary (intransitive) èssere or (transitive) avére) Inflection templates: {{it-conj|e􂀿intransitive􂁀:a􂀿transitive􂁀\@}} Forms: créscere [canonical], crésco [first-person, present, singular], crébbi [first-person, historic, past, singular], cresciùto [participle, past], èssere [auxiliary, intransitive], avére [auxiliary, transitive], irregular [table-tags], créscere [infinitive], èssere [auxiliary], avére [auxiliary], crescèndo [gerund], crescènte [participle, present], cresciùto [participle, past], crésco [first-person, indicative, present, singular], crésci [indicative, present, second-person, singular], crésce [indicative, present, singular, third-person], cresciàmo [first-person, indicative, plural, present], crescéte [indicative, plural, present, second-person], créscono [indicative, plural, present, third-person], crescévo [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], crescévi [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], crescéva [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], crescevàmo [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], crescevàte [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], crescévano [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], crébbi [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], crescésti [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], crébbe [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], crescémmo [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], crescéste [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], crébbero [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], crescerò [first-person, future, indicative, singular], crescerài [future, indicative, second-person, singular], crescerà [future, indicative, singular, third-person], crescerémo [first-person, future, indicative, plural], cresceréte [future, indicative, plural, second-person], crescerànno [future, indicative, plural, third-person], crescerèi [conditional, first-person, present, singular], crescerésti [conditional, present, second-person, singular], crescerèbbe [conditional, present, singular, third-person], crescerébbe [conditional, present, singular, third-person], crescerémmo [conditional, first-person, plural, present], cresceréste [conditional, plural, present, second-person], crescerèbbero [conditional, plural, present, third-person], crescerébbero [conditional, plural, present, third-person], crésca [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], crésca [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], crésca [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], cresciàmo [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], cresciàte [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], créscano [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], crescéssi [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], crescéssi [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], crescésse [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], crescéssimo [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], crescéste [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], crescéssero [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], crésci [imperative, second-person, singular], crésca [formal, imperative, second-person-semantically, singular, third-person], cresciàmo [first-person, imperative, plural], crescéte [imperative, plural, second-person], créscano [formal, imperative, plural, second-person-semantically, third-person], créscere [imperative, negative, second-person, singular], crésca [formal, imperative, negative, second-person-semantically, singular, third-person], cresciàmo [first-person, imperative, negative, plural], crescéte [imperative, negative, plural, second-person], créscano [formal, imperative, negative, plural, second-person-semantically, third-person]
  1. (intransitive) to grow, to increase, to expand [auxiliary essere] Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: en-crescere-it-verb-bFFfyEbg Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header, Italian links with redundant wikilinks, Italian verbs ending in -ere, Italian verbs with irregular past historic, Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive Disambiguation of Italian entries with incorrect language header: 31 20 36 12 Disambiguation of Italian links with redundant wikilinks: 23 26 29 21 Disambiguation of Italian verbs ending in -ere: 25 26 27 22 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with irregular past historic: 25 26 27 22 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive: 27 31 22 19
  2. (intransitive, figurative) to progress [auxiliary essere] Tags: figuratively, intransitive
    Sense id: en-crescere-it-verb-M8dCWsLT Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header, Italian links with redundant wikilinks, Italian verbs ending in -ere, Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary, Italian verbs taking essere as auxiliary, Italian verbs with irregular past historic, Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive Disambiguation of Italian entries with incorrect language header: 31 20 36 12 Disambiguation of Italian links with redundant wikilinks: 23 26 29 21 Disambiguation of Italian verbs ending in -ere: 25 26 27 22 Disambiguation of Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary: 35 46 13 6 Disambiguation of Italian verbs taking essere as auxiliary: 35 47 12 6 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with irregular past historic: 25 26 27 22 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive: 27 31 22 19
  3. (transitive) to increase Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-crescere-it-verb-a3AU0Od6 Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header, Italian links with redundant wikilinks, Italian verbs ending in -ere, Italian verbs with irregular past historic, Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive Disambiguation of Italian entries with incorrect language header: 31 20 36 12 Disambiguation of Italian links with redundant wikilinks: 23 26 29 21 Disambiguation of Italian verbs ending in -ere: 25 26 27 22 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with irregular past historic: 25 26 27 22 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive: 27 31 22 19
  4. (transitive) to grow, to cultivate Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-crescere-it-verb-YpzXqZvA Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header, Italian links with redundant wikilinks, Italian verbs ending in -ere, Italian verbs with irregular past historic, Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive Disambiguation of Italian entries with incorrect language header: 31 20 36 12 Disambiguation of Italian links with redundant wikilinks: 23 26 29 21 Disambiguation of Italian verbs ending in -ere: 25 26 27 22 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with irregular past historic: 25 26 27 22 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive: 27 31 22 19
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: crescendo, crescenza, crescimento, crescita, decrescere, screscere, increscere, rincrescere, crescent, the French croissant, used to describe the waxing phase of the moon

Verb [Latin]

Forms: crēscere [canonical]
Head templates: {{head|la|verb form|head=crēscere}} crēscere
  1. present active infinitive of crēscō Tags: active, form-of, infinitive, present Form of: crēscō
    Sense id: en-crescere-la-verb-CVw~in5K Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for crescere meaning in All languages combined (14.0kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "crēscō",
        "4": "crēscere"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin crēscere",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*krēskō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *krēskō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱer-",
        "4": "*ḱreh₁-",
        "5": "to grow, become bigger"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin crēscere, from Proto-Italic *krēskō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "créscere",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésco",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbi",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciùto",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "èssere",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "it-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "èssere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescèndo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescènte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciùto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésco",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésci",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésce",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscono",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescévo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescévi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéva",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescevàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescevàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescévano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerò",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerài",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerà",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerémo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceréte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerànno",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerèi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerèbbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerébbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceréste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerèbbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerébbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescésse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssimo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésci",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "e􂀿intransitive􂁀:a􂀿transitive􂁀\\@"
      },
      "expansion": "créscere (first-person singular present crésco, first-person singular past historic crébbi, past participle cresciùto, auxiliary (intransitive) èssere or (transitive) avére)",
      "name": "it-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "cré‧sce‧re"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "e􂀿intransitive􂁀:a􂀿transitive􂁀\\@"
      },
      "name": "it-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crescendo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crescenza"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crescimento"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crescita"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "decrescere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "screscere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "increscere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "rincrescere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crescent"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "the French croissant"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "used to describe the waxing phase of the moon"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 20 36 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 26 29 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 26 27 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 26 27 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 31 22 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grow, to increase, to expand [auxiliary essere]",
        "to grow, to increase, to expand"
      ],
      "id": "en-crescere-it-verb-bFFfyEbg",
      "links": [
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ],
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ],
        [
          "expand",
          "expand"
        ],
        [
          "essere",
          "essere#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to grow, to increase, to expand [auxiliary essere]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 20 36 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 26 29 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 26 27 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 46 13 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 47 12 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs taking essere as auxiliary",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 26 27 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 31 22 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to progress [auxiliary essere]",
        "to progress"
      ],
      "id": "en-crescere-it-verb-M8dCWsLT",
      "links": [
        [
          "progress",
          "progress"
        ],
        [
          "essere",
          "essere#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, figurative) to progress [auxiliary essere]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 20 36 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 26 29 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 26 27 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 26 27 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 31 22 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to increase"
      ],
      "id": "en-crescere-it-verb-a3AU0Od6",
      "links": [
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to increase"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 20 36 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 26 29 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 26 27 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 26 27 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 31 22 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grow, to cultivate"
      ],
      "id": "en-crescere-it-verb-YpzXqZvA",
      "links": [
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ],
        [
          "cultivate",
          "cultivate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to grow, to cultivate"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkreʃ.ʃe.re/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eʃʃere"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q652 (ita)-LangPao-crescere.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "crescere"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "crēscere",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "verb form",
        "head": "crēscere"
      },
      "expansion": "crēscere",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "crēscō"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "present active infinitive of crēscō"
      ],
      "id": "en-crescere-la-verb-CVw~in5K",
      "links": [
        [
          "crēscō",
          "cresco#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "form-of",
        "infinitive",
        "present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "crescere"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Italian 3-syllable words",
    "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Italian irregular verbs",
    "Italian lemmas",
    "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Italian terms derived from Latin",
    "Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Italian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Italian terms inherited from Latin",
    "Italian terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Italian terms with audio links",
    "Italian verbs",
    "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
    "Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
    "Italian verbs taking essere as auxiliary",
    "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
    "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
    "Rhymes:Italian/eʃʃere",
    "Rhymes:Italian/eʃʃere/3 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "crēscō",
        "4": "crēscere"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin crēscere",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*krēskō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *krēskō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱer-",
        "4": "*ḱreh₁-",
        "5": "to grow, become bigger"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin crēscere, from Proto-Italic *krēskō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "créscere",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésco",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbi",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciùto",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "èssere",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "it-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "èssere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescèndo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescènte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciùto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésco",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésci",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésce",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscono",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescévo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescévi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéva",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescevàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescevàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescévano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerò",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerài",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerà",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerémo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceréte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerànno",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerèi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerèbbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerébbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceréste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerèbbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerébbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescésse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssimo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésci",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "e􂀿intransitive􂁀:a􂀿transitive􂁀\\@"
      },
      "expansion": "créscere (first-person singular present crésco, first-person singular past historic crébbi, past participle cresciùto, auxiliary (intransitive) èssere or (transitive) avére)",
      "name": "it-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "cré‧sce‧re"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "e􂀿intransitive􂁀:a􂀿transitive􂁀\\@"
      },
      "name": "it-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "crescendo"
    },
    {
      "word": "crescenza"
    },
    {
      "word": "crescimento"
    },
    {
      "word": "crescita"
    },
    {
      "word": "decrescere"
    },
    {
      "word": "screscere"
    },
    {
      "word": "increscere"
    },
    {
      "word": "rincrescere"
    },
    {
      "word": "crescent"
    },
    {
      "word": "the French croissant"
    },
    {
      "word": "used to describe the waxing phase of the moon"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grow, to increase, to expand [auxiliary essere]",
        "to grow, to increase, to expand"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ],
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ],
        [
          "expand",
          "expand"
        ],
        [
          "essere",
          "essere#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to grow, to increase, to expand [auxiliary essere]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to progress [auxiliary essere]",
        "to progress"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "progress",
          "progress"
        ],
        [
          "essere",
          "essere#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, figurative) to progress [auxiliary essere]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to increase"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to increase"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grow, to cultivate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ],
        [
          "cultivate",
          "cultivate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to grow, to cultivate"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkreʃ.ʃe.re/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eʃʃere"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q652 (ita)-LangPao-crescere.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "crescere"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "crēscere",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "verb form",
        "head": "crēscere"
      },
      "expansion": "crēscere",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
        "Latin non-lemma forms",
        "Latin verb forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "crēscō"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "present active infinitive of crēscō"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crēscō",
          "cresco#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "form-of",
        "infinitive",
        "present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "crescere"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.