"crescere" meaning in Italian

See crescere in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈkreʃ.ʃe.re/ Audio: LL-Q652 (ita)-LangPao-crescere.wav
Rhymes: -eʃʃere Etymology: From Latin crēscere, from Proto-Italic *krēskō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”). Etymology templates: {{inh|it|la|crēscō|crēscere}} Latin crēscere, {{inh|it|itc-pro|*krēskō}} Proto-Italic *krēskō, {{der|it|ine-pro|*ḱer-|*ḱreh₁-|to grow, become bigger}} Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”) Head templates: {{it-verb|e􂀿intransitive􂁀:a􂀿transitive􂁀\@}} créscere (first-person singular present crésco, first-person singular past historic crébbi, past participle cresciùto, auxiliary (intransitive) èssere or (transitive) avére) Inflection templates: {{it-conj|e􂀿intransitive􂁀:a􂀿transitive􂁀\@}} Forms: créscere [canonical], crésco [first-person, present, singular], crébbi [first-person, historic, past, singular], cresciùto [participle, past], èssere [auxiliary, intransitive], avére [auxiliary, transitive], irregular [table-tags], créscere [infinitive], èssere [auxiliary], avére [auxiliary], crescèndo [gerund], crescènte [participle, present], cresciùto [participle, past], crésco [first-person, indicative, present, singular], crésci [indicative, present, second-person, singular], crésce [indicative, present, singular, third-person], cresciàmo [first-person, indicative, plural, present], crescéte [indicative, plural, present, second-person], créscono [indicative, plural, present, third-person], crescévo [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], crescévi [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], crescéva [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], crescevàmo [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], crescevàte [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], crescévano [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], crébbi [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], crescésti [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], crébbe [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], crescémmo [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], crescéste [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], crébbero [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], crescerò [first-person, future, indicative, singular], crescerài [future, indicative, second-person, singular], crescerà [future, indicative, singular, third-person], crescerémo [first-person, future, indicative, plural], cresceréte [future, indicative, plural, second-person], crescerànno [future, indicative, plural, third-person], crescerèi [conditional, first-person, present, singular], crescerésti [conditional, present, second-person, singular], crescerèbbe [conditional, present, singular, third-person], crescerébbe [conditional, present, singular, third-person], crescerémmo [conditional, first-person, plural, present], cresceréste [conditional, plural, present, second-person], crescerèbbero [conditional, plural, present, third-person], crescerébbero [conditional, plural, present, third-person], crésca [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], crésca [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], crésca [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], cresciàmo [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], cresciàte [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], créscano [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], crescéssi [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], crescéssi [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], crescésse [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], crescéssimo [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], crescéste [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], crescéssero [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], crésci [imperative, second-person, singular], crésca [formal, imperative, second-person-semantically, singular, third-person], cresciàmo [first-person, imperative, plural], crescéte [imperative, plural, second-person], créscano [formal, imperative, plural, second-person-semantically, third-person], créscere [imperative, negative, second-person, singular], crésca [formal, imperative, negative, second-person-semantically, singular, third-person], cresciàmo [first-person, imperative, negative, plural], crescéte [imperative, negative, plural, second-person], créscano [formal, imperative, negative, plural, second-person-semantically, third-person]
  1. (intransitive) to grow, to increase, to expand [auxiliary essere] Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: en-crescere-it-verb-bFFfyEbg Categories (other): Italian links with redundant wikilinks, Italian verbs ending in -ere, Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary, Italian verbs with irregular past historic, Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive Disambiguation of Italian links with redundant wikilinks: 31 19 38 12 Disambiguation of Italian verbs ending in -ere: 28 27 27 18 Disambiguation of Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary: 35 43 16 6 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with irregular past historic: 27 25 29 19 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive: 28 28 27 17
  2. (intransitive, figurative) to progress [auxiliary essere] Tags: figuratively, intransitive
    Sense id: en-crescere-it-verb-M8dCWsLT Categories (other): Italian links with redundant wikilinks, Italian verbs ending in -ere, Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary, Italian verbs taking essere as auxiliary, Italian verbs with irregular past historic, Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive Disambiguation of Italian links with redundant wikilinks: 31 19 38 12 Disambiguation of Italian verbs ending in -ere: 28 27 27 18 Disambiguation of Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary: 35 43 16 6 Disambiguation of Italian verbs taking essere as auxiliary: 35 45 14 6 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with irregular past historic: 27 25 29 19 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive: 28 28 27 17
  3. (transitive) to increase Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-crescere-it-verb-a3AU0Od6 Categories (other): Italian links with redundant wikilinks, Italian verbs ending in -ere, Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary, Italian verbs with irregular past historic, Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive Disambiguation of Italian links with redundant wikilinks: 31 19 38 12 Disambiguation of Italian verbs ending in -ere: 28 27 27 18 Disambiguation of Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary: 35 43 16 6 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with irregular past historic: 27 25 29 19 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive: 28 28 27 17
  4. (transitive) to grow, to cultivate Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-crescere-it-verb-YpzXqZvA Categories (other): Italian links with redundant wikilinks, Italian verbs ending in -ere, Italian verbs with irregular past historic, Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive Disambiguation of Italian links with redundant wikilinks: 31 19 38 12 Disambiguation of Italian verbs ending in -ere: 28 27 27 18 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with irregular past historic: 27 25 29 19 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive: 28 28 27 17
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: crescendo, crescenza, crescimento, crescita, decrescere, screscere, increscere, rincrescere, crescent, the French croissant, used to describe the waxing phase of the moon

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for crescere meaning in Italian (12.9kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "crēscō",
        "4": "crēscere"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin crēscere",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*krēskō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *krēskō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱer-",
        "4": "*ḱreh₁-",
        "5": "to grow, become bigger"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin crēscere, from Proto-Italic *krēskō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "créscere",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésco",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbi",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciùto",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "èssere",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "it-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "èssere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescèndo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescènte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciùto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésco",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésci",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésce",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscono",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescévo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescévi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéva",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescevàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescevàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescévano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerò",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerài",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerà",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerémo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceréte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerànno",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerèi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerèbbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerébbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceréste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerèbbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerébbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescésse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssimo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésci",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "e􂀿intransitive􂁀:a􂀿transitive􂁀\\@"
      },
      "expansion": "créscere (first-person singular present crésco, first-person singular past historic crébbi, past participle cresciùto, auxiliary (intransitive) èssere or (transitive) avére)",
      "name": "it-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "cré‧sce‧re"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "e􂀿intransitive􂁀:a􂀿transitive􂁀\\@"
      },
      "name": "it-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crescendo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crescenza"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crescimento"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crescita"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "decrescere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "screscere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "increscere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "rincrescere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crescent"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "the French croissant"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "used to describe the waxing phase of the moon"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 19 38 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 27 27 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 43 16 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 25 29 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 28 27 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grow, to increase, to expand [auxiliary essere]",
        "to grow, to increase, to expand"
      ],
      "id": "en-crescere-it-verb-bFFfyEbg",
      "links": [
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ],
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ],
        [
          "expand",
          "expand"
        ],
        [
          "essere",
          "essere#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to grow, to increase, to expand [auxiliary essere]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 19 38 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 27 27 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 43 16 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 45 14 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs taking essere as auxiliary",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 25 29 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 28 27 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to progress [auxiliary essere]",
        "to progress"
      ],
      "id": "en-crescere-it-verb-M8dCWsLT",
      "links": [
        [
          "progress",
          "progress"
        ],
        [
          "essere",
          "essere#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, figurative) to progress [auxiliary essere]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 19 38 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 27 27 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 43 16 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 25 29 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 28 27 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to increase"
      ],
      "id": "en-crescere-it-verb-a3AU0Od6",
      "links": [
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to increase"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 19 38 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 27 27 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 25 29 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 28 27 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grow, to cultivate"
      ],
      "id": "en-crescere-it-verb-YpzXqZvA",
      "links": [
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ],
        [
          "cultivate",
          "cultivate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to grow, to cultivate"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkreʃ.ʃe.re/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eʃʃere"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q652 (ita)-LangPao-crescere.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "crescere"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Italian 3-syllable words",
    "Italian irregular verbs",
    "Italian lemmas",
    "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Italian terms with audio links",
    "Italian verbs",
    "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
    "Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
    "Italian verbs taking essere as auxiliary",
    "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
    "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
    "Rhymes:Italian/eʃʃere",
    "Rhymes:Italian/eʃʃere/3 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "crēscō",
        "4": "crēscere"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin crēscere",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*krēskō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *krēskō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱer-",
        "4": "*ḱreh₁-",
        "5": "to grow, become bigger"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin crēscere, from Proto-Italic *krēskō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "créscere",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésco",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbi",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciùto",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "èssere",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "it-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "èssere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescèndo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescènte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciùto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésco",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésci",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésce",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscono",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescévo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescévi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéva",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescevàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescevàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescévano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerò",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerài",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerà",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerémo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceréte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerànno",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerèi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerèbbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerébbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceréste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerèbbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerébbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescésse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssimo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésci",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "e􂀿intransitive􂁀:a􂀿transitive􂁀\\@"
      },
      "expansion": "créscere (first-person singular present crésco, first-person singular past historic crébbi, past participle cresciùto, auxiliary (intransitive) èssere or (transitive) avére)",
      "name": "it-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "cré‧sce‧re"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "e􂀿intransitive􂁀:a􂀿transitive􂁀\\@"
      },
      "name": "it-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "crescendo"
    },
    {
      "word": "crescenza"
    },
    {
      "word": "crescimento"
    },
    {
      "word": "crescita"
    },
    {
      "word": "decrescere"
    },
    {
      "word": "screscere"
    },
    {
      "word": "increscere"
    },
    {
      "word": "rincrescere"
    },
    {
      "word": "crescent"
    },
    {
      "word": "the French croissant"
    },
    {
      "word": "used to describe the waxing phase of the moon"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grow, to increase, to expand [auxiliary essere]",
        "to grow, to increase, to expand"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ],
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ],
        [
          "expand",
          "expand"
        ],
        [
          "essere",
          "essere#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to grow, to increase, to expand [auxiliary essere]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to progress [auxiliary essere]",
        "to progress"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "progress",
          "progress"
        ],
        [
          "essere",
          "essere#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, figurative) to progress [auxiliary essere]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to increase"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to increase"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grow, to cultivate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ],
        [
          "cultivate",
          "cultivate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to grow, to cultivate"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkreʃ.ʃe.re/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eʃʃere"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q652 (ita)-LangPao-crescere.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "crescere"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Italian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-03-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-03-01 using wiktextract (68773ab and 5f6ddbb). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.