"crescere" meaning in Italian

See crescere in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈkreʃ.ʃe.re/ Audio: LL-Q652 (ita)-LangPao-crescere.wav
Rhymes: -eʃʃere Etymology: From Latin crēscere, from Proto-Italic *krēskō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”). Etymology templates: {{inh|it|la|crēscō|crēscere}} Latin crēscere, {{inh|it|itc-pro|*krēskō}} Proto-Italic *krēskō, {{der|it|ine-pro|*ḱer-|*ḱreh₁-|to grow, become bigger}} Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”) Head templates: {{it-verb|e􂀿intransitive􂁀:a􂀿transitive􂁀\@}} créscere (first-person singular present crésco, first-person singular past historic crébbi, past participle cresciùto, auxiliary (intransitive) èssere or (transitive) avére) Inflection templates: {{it-conj|e􂀿intransitive􂁀:a􂀿transitive􂁀\@}} Forms: créscere [canonical], crésco [first-person, present, singular], crébbi [first-person, historic, past, singular], cresciùto [participle, past], èssere [auxiliary, intransitive], avére [auxiliary, transitive], irregular [table-tags], créscere [infinitive], èssere [auxiliary, intransitive], avére [auxiliary, transitive], crescèndo [gerund], crescènte [participle, present], cresciùto [participle, past], crésco [first-person, indicative, present, singular], crésci [indicative, present, second-person, singular], crésce [indicative, present, singular, third-person], cresciàmo [first-person, indicative, plural, present], crescéte [indicative, plural, present, second-person], créscono [indicative, plural, present, third-person], crescévo [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], crescévi [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], crescéva [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], crescevàmo [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], crescevàte [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], crescévano [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], crébbi [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], crescésti [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], crébbe [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], crescémmo [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], crescéste [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], crébbero [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], crescerò [first-person, future, indicative, singular], crescerài [future, indicative, second-person, singular], crescerà [future, indicative, singular, third-person], crescerémo [first-person, future, indicative, plural], cresceréte [future, indicative, plural, second-person], crescerànno [future, indicative, plural, third-person], crescerèi [conditional, first-person, singular], crescerésti [conditional, second-person, singular], crescerèbbe [conditional, singular, third-person], crescerébbe [conditional, singular, third-person], crescerémmo [conditional, first-person, plural], cresceréste [conditional, plural, second-person], crescerèbbero [conditional, plural, third-person], crescerébbero [conditional, plural, third-person], crésca [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], crésca [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], crésca [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], cresciàmo [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], cresciàte [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], créscano [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], crescéssi [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], crescéssi [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], crescésse [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], crescéssimo [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], crescéste [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], crescéssero [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], crésci [imperative, second-person, singular], crésca [formal, imperative, second-person-semantically, singular, third-person], cresciàmo [first-person, imperative, plural], crescéte [imperative, plural, second-person], créscano [formal, imperative, plural, second-person-semantically, third-person], créscere [imperative, negative, second-person, singular], crésca [formal, imperative, negative, second-person-semantically, singular, third-person], cresciàmo [first-person, imperative, negative, plural], crescéte [imperative, negative, plural, second-person], créscano [formal, imperative, negative, plural, second-person-semantically, third-person]
  1. (intransitive) to grow, to increase, to expand [auxiliary essere] Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: en-crescere-it-verb-jafVhRvZ Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header, Italian links with redundant wikilinks, Italian verbs ending in -ere, Italian verbs with irregular past historic, Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Italian entries with incorrect language header: 39 15 34 11 Disambiguation of Italian links with redundant wikilinks: 25 25 29 21 Disambiguation of Italian verbs ending in -ere: 24 26 27 23 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with irregular past historic: 23 27 28 22 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive: 25 25 27 23 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 24 27 27 23 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 24 27 27 22
  2. (intransitive, figurative) to progress [auxiliary essere] Tags: figuratively, intransitive
    Sense id: en-crescere-it-verb-Yt9vY3W2 Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header, Italian links with redundant wikilinks, Italian verbs ending in -ere, Italian verbs with irregular past historic, Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Italian entries with incorrect language header: 39 15 34 11 Disambiguation of Italian links with redundant wikilinks: 25 25 29 21 Disambiguation of Italian verbs ending in -ere: 24 26 27 23 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with irregular past historic: 23 27 28 22 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive: 25 25 27 23 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 24 27 27 23 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 24 27 27 22
  3. (transitive) to increase Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-crescere-it-verb-a3AU0Od6 Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header, Italian links with redundant wikilinks, Italian verbs ending in -ere, Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary, Italian verbs taking essere as auxiliary, Italian verbs with irregular past historic, Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Italian entries with incorrect language header: 39 15 34 11 Disambiguation of Italian links with redundant wikilinks: 25 25 29 21 Disambiguation of Italian verbs ending in -ere: 24 26 27 23 Disambiguation of Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary: 28 20 35 18 Disambiguation of Italian verbs taking essere as auxiliary: 28 20 35 18 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with irregular past historic: 23 27 28 22 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive: 25 25 27 23 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 24 27 27 23 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 24 27 27 22
  4. (transitive) to grow, to cultivate Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-crescere-it-verb-YpzXqZvA Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header, Italian links with redundant wikilinks, Italian verbs ending in -ere, Italian verbs with irregular past historic, Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Italian entries with incorrect language header: 39 15 34 11 Disambiguation of Italian links with redundant wikilinks: 25 25 29 21 Disambiguation of Italian verbs ending in -ere: 24 26 27 23 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with irregular past historic: 23 27 28 22 Disambiguation of Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive: 25 25 27 23 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 24 27 27 23 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 24 27 27 22
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: crescendo, crescenza, crescimento, crescita, decrescere, screscere, increscere, rincrescere, crescent, the French croissant, used to describe the waxing phase of the moon

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "crēscō",
        "4": "crēscere"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin crēscere",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*krēskō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *krēskō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱer-",
        "4": "*ḱreh₁-",
        "5": "to grow, become bigger"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin crēscere, from Proto-Italic *krēskō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "créscere",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésco",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbi",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciùto",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "èssere",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "it-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "èssere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescèndo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescènte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciùto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésco",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésci",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésce",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscono",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescévo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescévi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéva",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescevàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescevàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescévano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerò",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerài",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerà",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerémo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceréte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerànno",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerèi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerèbbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerébbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceréste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerèbbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerébbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescésse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssimo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésci",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "e􂀿intransitive􂁀:a􂀿transitive􂁀\\@"
      },
      "expansion": "créscere (first-person singular present crésco, first-person singular past historic crébbi, past participle cresciùto, auxiliary (intransitive) èssere or (transitive) avére)",
      "name": "it-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "cré‧sce‧re"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "e􂀿intransitive􂁀:a􂀿transitive􂁀\\@"
      },
      "name": "it-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crescendo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crescenza"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crescimento"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crescita"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "decrescere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "screscere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "increscere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "rincrescere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crescent"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "the French croissant"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "used to describe the waxing phase of the moon"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "39 15 34 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 29 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 26 27 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 27 28 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 27 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 27 27 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 27 27 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grow, to increase, to expand"
      ],
      "id": "en-crescere-it-verb-jafVhRvZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ],
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ],
        [
          "expand",
          "expand"
        ],
        [
          "essere",
          "essere#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to grow, to increase, to expand [auxiliary essere]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "39 15 34 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 29 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 26 27 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 27 28 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 27 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 27 27 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 27 27 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to progress"
      ],
      "id": "en-crescere-it-verb-Yt9vY3W2",
      "links": [
        [
          "progress",
          "progress"
        ],
        [
          "essere",
          "essere#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, figurative) to progress [auxiliary essere]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "39 15 34 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 29 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 26 27 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 20 35 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 20 35 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs taking essere as auxiliary",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 27 28 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 27 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 27 27 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 27 27 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to increase"
      ],
      "id": "en-crescere-it-verb-a3AU0Od6",
      "links": [
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to increase"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "39 15 34 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 29 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 26 27 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 27 28 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 27 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 27 27 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 27 27 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grow, to cultivate"
      ],
      "id": "en-crescere-it-verb-YpzXqZvA",
      "links": [
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ],
        [
          "cultivate",
          "cultivate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to grow, to cultivate"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkreʃ.ʃe.re/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eʃʃere"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q652 (ita)-LangPao-crescere.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "crescere"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Italian 3-syllable words",
    "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Italian irregular verbs",
    "Italian lemmas",
    "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Italian terms derived from Latin",
    "Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Italian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Italian terms inherited from Latin",
    "Italian terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Italian verbs",
    "Italian verbs ending in -ere",
    "Italian verbs taking avere as auxiliary",
    "Italian verbs taking essere as auxiliary",
    "Italian verbs with irregular past historic",
    "Italian verbs with root-stressed infinitive",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Italian/eʃʃere",
    "Rhymes:Italian/eʃʃere/3 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "crēscō",
        "4": "crēscere"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin crēscere",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*krēskō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *krēskō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱer-",
        "4": "*ḱreh₁-",
        "5": "to grow, become bigger"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin crēscere, from Proto-Italic *krēskō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "créscere",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésco",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbi",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciùto",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "èssere",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "it-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "èssere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avére",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescèndo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescènte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciùto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésco",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésci",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésce",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscono",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescévo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescévi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéva",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescevàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescevàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescévano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crébbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerò",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerài",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerà",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerémo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceréte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerànno",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerèi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerésti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerèbbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerébbe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerémmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceréste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerèbbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerébbero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescésse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssimo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéssero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésci",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crésca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciàmo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescéte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "créscano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "e􂀿intransitive􂁀:a􂀿transitive􂁀\\@"
      },
      "expansion": "créscere (first-person singular present crésco, first-person singular past historic crébbi, past participle cresciùto, auxiliary (intransitive) èssere or (transitive) avére)",
      "name": "it-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "cré‧sce‧re"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "e􂀿intransitive􂁀:a􂀿transitive􂁀\\@"
      },
      "name": "it-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "crescendo"
    },
    {
      "word": "crescenza"
    },
    {
      "word": "crescimento"
    },
    {
      "word": "crescita"
    },
    {
      "word": "decrescere"
    },
    {
      "word": "screscere"
    },
    {
      "word": "increscere"
    },
    {
      "word": "rincrescere"
    },
    {
      "word": "crescent"
    },
    {
      "word": "the French croissant"
    },
    {
      "word": "used to describe the waxing phase of the moon"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grow, to increase, to expand"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ],
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ],
        [
          "expand",
          "expand"
        ],
        [
          "essere",
          "essere#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to grow, to increase, to expand [auxiliary essere]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to progress"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "progress",
          "progress"
        ],
        [
          "essere",
          "essere#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, figurative) to progress [auxiliary essere]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to increase"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to increase"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grow, to cultivate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ],
        [
          "cultivate",
          "cultivate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to grow, to cultivate"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkreʃ.ʃe.re/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eʃʃere"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q652 (ita)-LangPao-crescere.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/59/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav/LL-Q652_%28ita%29-LangPao-crescere.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "crescere"
}

Download raw JSONL data for crescere meaning in Italian (10.5kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Italian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (db0bec0 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.