See comune on Wiktionary
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{
"glosses": [
"the smallest civil administrative unit in Italy, a municipality in Italy"
],
"links": [
[
"civil",
"civil"
],
[
"administrative",
"administrative"
],
[
"unit",
"unit"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy"
],
[
"municipality",
"municipality"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "municipality"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"civil administrative unit in Switzerland, a municipality in Switzerland"
],
"links": [
[
"civil",
"civil"
],
[
"administrative",
"administrative"
],
[
"unit",
"unit"
],
[
"Switzerland",
"Switzerland"
],
[
"municipality",
"municipality"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "municipality"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəˈmuːneɪ/"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-comune.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/76/En-us-comune.oga/En-us-comune.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/En-us-comune.oga",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "smallest Italian civil administrative unit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "comune"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "komūne",
"sense": "smallest Italian civil administrative unit",
"word": "コムーネ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"comune"
],
"word": "comune"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 3-syllable words",
"Italian adjectives",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian feminine nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Old Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Italian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mey-",
"Italian terms inherited from Latin",
"Italian terms inherited from Old Latin",
"Italian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Italian terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Italian uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Italian/une",
"Rhymes:Italian/une/3 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "accomunare"
},
{
"word": "comunemente"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "commūnem"
},
"expansion": "Latin commūnem",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "itc-ola",
"3": "com(m)oinis"
},
"expansion": "Old Latin com(m)oinis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kommoinis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kommoinis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ḱom-moy-ni-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱom-moy-ni-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin commūnem, case form of commūnis (“common, ordinary”), from Old Latin com(m)oinis, from Proto-Italic *kommoinis, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱom-moy-ni-, derived from *ḱóm (“near, with”) and the root *mey- (“to exchange”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "comuni",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comunissimo",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"sup": "comunissimo"
},
"expansion": "comune (plural comuni, superlative comunissimo)",
"name": "it-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"co‧mù‧ne"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "comunicare"
},
{
"word": "comunione"
},
{
"word": "comunità"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"mutual, common"
],
"links": [
[
"mutual",
"mutual"
],
[
"common",
"common"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"usual, ordinary, common"
],
"links": [
[
"usual",
"usual"
],
[
"ordinary",
"ordinary"
],
[
"common",
"common"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) usual, ordinary, common"
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"affable"
],
"links": [
[
"affable",
"affable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) affable"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"impartial, unbiased, fair"
],
"links": [
[
"impartial",
"impartial"
],
[
"unbiased",
"unbiased"
],
[
"fair",
"fair"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) impartial, unbiased, fair"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/koˈmu.ne/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-une"
}
],
"word": "comune"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 3-syllable words",
"Italian adjectives",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian feminine nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Old Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Italian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mey-",
"Italian terms inherited from Latin",
"Italian terms inherited from Old Latin",
"Italian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Italian terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Italian uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Italian/une",
"Rhymes:Italian/une/3 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "commūnem"
},
"expansion": "Latin commūnem",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "itc-ola",
"3": "com(m)oinis"
},
"expansion": "Old Latin com(m)oinis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kommoinis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kommoinis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ḱom-moy-ni-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱom-moy-ni-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin commūnem, case form of commūnis (“common, ordinary”), from Old Latin com(m)oinis, from Proto-Italic *kommoinis, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱom-moy-ni-, derived from *ḱóm (“near, with”) and the root *mey- (“to exchange”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "comune m (uncountable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"co‧mù‧ne"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian collective nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"majority, most"
],
"links": [
[
"majority",
"majority"
],
[
"most",
"most"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) majority, most"
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "out of the ordinary",
"text": "fuori dal comune",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ordinary (that which is ordinary)"
],
"links": [
[
"ordinary",
"ordinary"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/koˈmu.ne/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-une"
}
],
"word": "comune"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 3-syllable words",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian feminine nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms inherited from Latin",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Italian/une",
"Rhymes:Italian/une/3 syllables"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "kamou",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Cimbrian: kamou",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Cimbrian: kamou"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "commūne"
},
"expansion": "Latin commūne",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin commūne, noun use of the neuter form of commūnis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "comuni",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "comune m (plural comuni)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"co‧mù‧ne"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"a form of city-based autonomous government"
],
"links": [
[
"autonomous",
"autonomous"
],
[
"government",
"government"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) a form of city-based autonomous government"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"comune, municipality"
],
"links": [
[
"comune",
"#en"
],
[
"municipality",
"municipality"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the administrative body of a municipality"
],
"links": [
[
"administrative",
"administrative"
],
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"municipality",
"municipality"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) the administrative body of a municipality"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"guild"
],
"links": [
[
"guild",
"guild"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) guild"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "corporazione"
},
{
"tags": [
"regional"
],
"word": "gremio"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/koˈmu.ne/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-une"
}
],
"word": "comune"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 3-syllable words",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian feminine nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Italian/une",
"Rhymes:Italian/une/3 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Feminine variant of the above noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "comuni",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "comune f (plural comuni)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"co‧mù‧ne"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"commune (community whose members share in the ownership of property, and in the division of labour)"
],
"links": [
[
"commune",
"commune"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"either of the French revolutionary governments (of 1792 or of 1871)"
],
"links": [
[
"French",
"French"
],
[
"revolutionary",
"revolutionary"
],
[
"government",
"government"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, usually capitalized) either of the French revolutionary governments (of 1792 or of 1871)"
],
"tags": [
"capitalized",
"feminine",
"historical",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with historical senses",
"Italian terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"a form of city-based autonomous government"
],
"links": [
[
"autonomous",
"autonomous"
],
[
"government",
"government"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, historical) a form of city-based autonomous government"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"historical",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/koˈmu.ne/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-une"
}
],
"word": "comune"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "comune",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:",
"text": "And I seide, “Ser, in his tyme maister Ioon Wiclef was holden of ful many men the grettis clerk that thei knewen lyuynge vpon erthe. And therwith he was named, as I gesse worthili, a passing reuli man and an innocent in al his lyuynge. And herfore grete men of kunnynge and other also drowen myche to him, and comownede ofte with him. And thei sauouriden so his loore that thei wroten it bisili and enforsiden hem to rulen hem theraftir… Maister Ion Aston taughte and wroot acordingli and ful bisili, where and whanne and to whom he myghte, and he vsid it himsilf, I gesse, right perfyghtli vnto his lyues eende. Also Filip of Repintoun whilis he was a chanoun of Leycetre, Nycol Herforde, dane Geffrey of Pikeringe, monke of Biland and a maistir dyuynyte, and Ioon Purueye, and manye other whiche weren holden rightwise men and prudent, taughten and wroten bisili this forseide lore of Wiclef, and conformeden hem therto. And with alle these men I was ofte homli and I comownede with hem long tyme and fele, and so bifore alle othir men I chees wilfulli to be enformed bi hem and of hem, and speciali of Wiclef himsilf, as of the moost vertuous and goodlich wise man that I herde of owhere either knew. And herfore of Wicleef speciali and of these men I toke the lore whiche I haue taughte and purpose to lyue aftir, if God wole, to my lyues ende.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"commune (share, communicate, participate, associate with, converse, confer, consult)"
],
"links": [
[
"commune",
"commune"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "commune"
},
{
"word": "comewne"
}
],
"word": "comune"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Romanian adjective forms",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian non-lemma forms",
"Romanian noun forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "comune",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "comună"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of comună"
],
"links": [
[
"comună",
"comună#Romanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/koˈmu.ne/"
}
],
"word": "comune"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Romanian adjective forms",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian non-lemma forms",
"Romanian noun forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "comune",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "comun"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of comun:",
"feminine genitive/dative singular"
],
"links": [
[
"comun",
"comun#Romanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "comun"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of comun:",
"feminine/neuter plural"
],
"links": [
[
"comun",
"comun#Romanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/koˈmu.ne/"
}
],
"word": "comune"
}
Download raw JSONL data for comune meaning in All languages combined (14.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.