"ciar" meaning in All languages combined

See ciar on Wiktionary

Adjective [Irish]

IPA: /ciəɾˠ/
Etymology: From Old Irish cíar (“dark”), from Proto-Celtic *kēros, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃i-, extension of *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”). Further cognates are Old Novgorodian хѣрь (xěrĭ, “gray cloth”) and Old English hār (“grey-haired”). Etymology templates: {{root|ga|ine-pro|*(s)ḱeh₃-}}, {{inh|ga|sga|cíar||dark}} Old Irish cíar (“dark”), {{inh|ga|cel-pro|*kēros}} Proto-Celtic *kēros, {{der|ga|ine-pro||*(s)ḱeh₃i-}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃i-, {{m|ine-pro|*(s)ḱeh₃-||grey, dark}} *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”), {{cog|zle-ono|хѣрь||gray cloth}} Old Novgorodian хѣрь (xěrĭ, “gray cloth”), {{cog|ang|hār||grey-haired}} Old English hār (“grey-haired”) Head templates: {{head|ga|adjective|genitive singular masculine|céir|genitive singular feminine|céire||{{{gsf2}}}|plural|ciara||{{{pl2}}}|comparative|céire|||head=}} ciar (genitive singular masculine céir, genitive singular feminine céire, plural ciara, comparative céire), {{ga-adj|comp=céire|gsf=céire|gsm=céir|pl=~a}} ciar (genitive singular masculine céir, genitive singular feminine céire, plural ciara, comparative céire) Inflection templates: {{ga-decl-adj|c|iar|gsf=éire|gsm=éir|pl=iara}}, {{ga-mut}} Forms: céir [genitive, masculine, singular], céire [feminine, genitive, singular], ciara [plural], céire [comparative], no-table-tags [table-tags], ciar [masculine, nominative, singular], chiar [feminine, nominative, singular], ciara [nominative, plural], chiara [nominative, plural], chéir [masculine, singular, vocative], chiar [feminine, singular, vocative], ciara [plural, vocative], chéir [genitive, masculine, singular], céire [feminine, genitive, singular], ciara [genitive, plural, strong], ciar [genitive, plural, weak], ciar [dative, masculine, singular], chiar [dative, masculine, singular], chiar [dative, feminine, singular], chéir [archaic, dative, feminine, singular], ciara [dative, plural], chiara [dative, plural], níos céire [comparative], is céire [superlative], no-table-tags [table-tags], ciar [mutation, mutation-radical], chiar [lenition, mutation], gciar [eclipsis, mutation]
  1. swarthy, dark Derived forms: ciardhubh (english: jet black, sable), ciaróg (english: beetle) Related terms: Ciarán
    Sense id: en-ciar-ga-adj-6GerYBgM Categories (other): Irish entries with incorrect language header

Verb [Latin]

Head templates: {{head|la|verb form}} ciar
  1. first-person singular future passive indicative of ciō Tags: first-person, form-of, future, indicative, passive, singular Form of: ciō
    Sense id: en-ciar-la-verb-uSMpfPUs Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header

Adjective [Scottish Gaelic]

IPA: /cʰiaɾ/ Forms: nas cèire [comparative], na bu chèire [comparative], no-table-tags [table-tags], ciar [mutation, mutation-radical], chiar [lenition, mutation]
Etymology: From Old Irish cíar (“dark”), from Proto-Celtic *kēros, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃i-, extension of *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”). Further cognates are Old Novgorodian хѣрь (xěrĭ, “gray cloth”) and Old English hār (“grey-haired”). Etymology templates: {{root|gd|ine-pro|*(s)ḱeh₃-}}, {{inh|gd|sga|cíar||dark}} Old Irish cíar (“dark”), {{inh|gd|cel-pro|*kēros}} Proto-Celtic *kēros, {{der|gd|ine-pro||*(s)ḱeh₃i-}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃i-, {{m|ine-pro|*(s)ḱeh₃-||grey, dark}} *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”), {{cog|zle-ono|хѣрь||gray cloth}} Old Novgorodian хѣрь (xěrĭ, “gray cloth”), {{cog|ang|hār||grey-haired}} Old English hār (“grey-haired”) Head templates: {{head|gd|adjective|comparative|nas cèire / na bu chèire}} ciar (comparative nas cèire / na bu chèire) Inflection templates: {{gd-mut-cons|c|iar}}
  1. swarthy, dark, dun, dusky
    Sense id: en-ciar-gd-adj-VKN9oSXg Categories (other): Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header: 53 47
  2. gloomy, depressed.
    Sense id: en-ciar-gd-adj-6NcQEc0t Categories (other): Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header: 53 47
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: ciarag

Verb [Spanish]

IPA: /ˈθjaɾ/ [Spain], [ˈθjaɾ] [Spain], /ˈsjaɾ/ [Latin-America], [ˈsjaɾ] [Latin-America]
Rhymes: -aɾ Etymology: Probably from Old Spanish cía (“thighbone”), referring to the use of this bone when rowing, from Latin scias, from Ancient Greek ἰσχιας (iskhias, “sciatic”), from ἰσχίον (iskhíon, “hip”). Etymology templates: {{inh|es|osp|cía|t=thighbone}} Old Spanish cía (“thighbone”), {{inh|es|la|scias}} Latin scias, {{der|es|grc|ἰσχιας|t=sciatic}} Ancient Greek ἰσχιας (iskhias, “sciatic”), {{m|grc|ἰσχίον|t=hip}} ἰσχίον (iskhíon, “hip”) Head templates: {{es-verb|<í>}} ciar (first-person singular present cío, first-person singular preterite cie, past participle ciado) Inflection templates: {{es-conj|<í>|nocomb=1}} Forms: cío [first-person, present, singular], cie [first-person, preterite, singular], ciado [participle, past], no-table-tags [table-tags], ciar [infinitive], ciando [gerund], ciado [masculine, participle, past, singular], ciada [feminine, participle, past, singular], ciados [masculine, participle, past, plural], ciadas [feminine, participle, past, plural], cío [first-person, indicative, present, singular], cías [indicative, informal, present, second-person, singular], cias [indicative, informal, present, second-person, singular, vos-form], cía [indicative, present, singular, third-person], ciamos [first-person, indicative, plural, present], ciais [indicative, plural, present, second-person], cían [indicative, plural, present, third-person], ciaba [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], ciabas [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], ciaba [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], ciábamos [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], ciabais [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], ciaban [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], cie [first-person, indicative, preterite, singular], ciaste [indicative, preterite, second-person, singular], cio [indicative, preterite, singular, third-person], ciamos [first-person, indicative, plural, preterite], ciasteis [indicative, plural, preterite, second-person], ciaron [indicative, plural, preterite, third-person], ciaré [first-person, future, indicative, singular], ciarás [future, indicative, second-person, singular], ciará [future, indicative, singular, third-person], ciaremos [first-person, future, indicative, plural], ciaréis [future, indicative, plural, second-person], ciarán [future, indicative, plural, third-person], ciaría [conditional, first-person, indicative, singular], ciarías [conditional, indicative, second-person, singular], ciaría [conditional, indicative, singular, third-person], ciaríamos [conditional, first-person, indicative, plural], ciaríais [conditional, indicative, plural, second-person], ciarían [conditional, indicative, plural, third-person], cíe [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], cíes [informal, present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], cies [informal, present, second-person, singular, subjunctive, vos-form], cíe [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], ciemos [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], cieis [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], cíen [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], ciara [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], ciaras [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], ciara [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], ciáramos [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], ciarais [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], ciaran [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], ciase [first-person, imperfect, imperfect-se, singular, subjunctive], ciases [imperfect, imperfect-se, second-person, singular, subjunctive], ciase [imperfect, imperfect-se, singular, subjunctive, third-person], ciásemos [first-person, imperfect, imperfect-se, plural, subjunctive], ciaseis [imperfect, imperfect-se, plural, second-person, subjunctive], ciasen [imperfect, imperfect-se, plural, subjunctive, third-person], ciare [first-person, future, singular, subjunctive], ciares [future, second-person, singular, subjunctive], ciare [future, singular, subjunctive, third-person], ciáremos [first-person, future, plural, subjunctive], ciareis [future, plural, second-person, subjunctive], ciaren [future, plural, subjunctive, third-person], cía [imperative, informal, second-person, singular], cia [imperative, informal, second-person, singular, vos-form], cíe [formal, imperative, second-person-semantically, singular, third-person], cíe [imperative, singular, third-person], ciemos [first-person, imperative, plural], ciad [imperative, plural, second-person], cíen [formal, imperative, plural, second-person-semantically, third-person], cíen [imperative, plural, third-person], cíes [imperative, negative, second-person, singular], cíe [formal, imperative, negative, second-person-semantically, singular, third-person], cíe [imperative, negative, singular, third-person], ciemos [first-person, imperative, negative, plural], cieis [imperative, negative, plural, second-person], cíen [formal, imperative, negative, plural, second-person-semantically, third-person], cíen [imperative, negative, plural, third-person]
  1. (intransitive) to back water Tags: intransitive Categories (topical): Nautical
    Sense id: en-ciar-es-verb-ja~dBwKv Categories (other): Spanish entries with incorrect language header, Spanish verbs ending in -ar, Spanish verbs with i-í alternation

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for ciar meaning in All languages combined (18.9kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)ḱeh₃-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "cíar",
        "4": "",
        "5": "dark"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish cíar (“dark”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*kēros"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kēros",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*(s)ḱeh₃i-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃i-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*(s)ḱeh₃-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grey, dark"
      },
      "expansion": "*(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zle-ono",
        "2": "хѣрь",
        "3": "",
        "4": "gray cloth"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Novgorodian хѣрь (xěrĭ, “gray cloth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "hār",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grey-haired"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hār (“grey-haired”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish cíar (“dark”), from Proto-Celtic *kēros, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃i-, extension of *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”). Further cognates are Old Novgorodian хѣрь (xěrĭ, “gray cloth”) and Old English hār (“grey-haired”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "céir",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "céire",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciara",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "céire",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ga-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chiar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chiara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chéir",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chiar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chéir",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "céire",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chiar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chiar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chéir",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chiara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "níos céire",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "is céire",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ga-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciar",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chiar",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "lenition",
        "mutation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gciar",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "eclipsis",
        "mutation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "10": "ciara",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "13": "comparative",
        "14": "céire",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "genitive singular masculine",
        "4": "céir",
        "5": "genitive singular feminine",
        "6": "céire",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{gsf2}}}",
        "9": "plural",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ciar (genitive singular masculine céir, genitive singular feminine céire, plural ciara, comparative céire)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "comp": "céire",
        "gsf": "céire",
        "gsm": "céir",
        "pl": "~a"
      },
      "expansion": "ciar (genitive singular masculine céir, genitive singular feminine céire, plural ciara, comparative céire)",
      "name": "ga-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c",
        "2": "iar",
        "gsf": "éire",
        "gsm": "éir",
        "pl": "iara"
      },
      "name": "ga-decl-adj"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "ga-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "jet black, sable",
          "word": "ciardhubh"
        },
        {
          "english": "beetle",
          "word": "ciaróg"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "swarthy, dark"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciar-ga-adj-6GerYBgM",
      "links": [
        [
          "swarthy",
          "swarthy"
        ],
        [
          "dark",
          "dark"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "Ciarán"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ciəɾˠ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ciar"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "ciar",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "ciō"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "first-person singular future passive indicative of ciō"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciar-la-verb-uSMpfPUs",
      "links": [
        [
          "ciō",
          "cio#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ciar"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)ḱeh₃-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "cíar",
        "4": "",
        "5": "dark"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish cíar (“dark”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*kēros"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kēros",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*(s)ḱeh₃i-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃i-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*(s)ḱeh₃-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grey, dark"
      },
      "expansion": "*(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zle-ono",
        "2": "хѣрь",
        "3": "",
        "4": "gray cloth"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Novgorodian хѣрь (xěrĭ, “gray cloth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "hār",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grey-haired"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hār (“grey-haired”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish cíar (“dark”), from Proto-Celtic *kēros, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃i-, extension of *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”). Further cognates are Old Novgorodian хѣрь (xěrĭ, “gray cloth”) and Old English hār (“grey-haired”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "nas cèire",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "na bu chèire",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gd-mut-cons",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciar",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chiar",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "lenition",
        "mutation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "comparative",
        "4": "nas cèire / na bu chèire"
      },
      "expansion": "ciar (comparative nas cèire / na bu chèire)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c",
        "2": "iar"
      },
      "name": "gd-mut-cons"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
  "lang_code": "gd",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ciarag"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "swarthy, dark, dun, dusky"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciar-gd-adj-VKN9oSXg",
      "links": [
        [
          "swarthy",
          "swarthy"
        ],
        [
          "dark",
          "dark"
        ],
        [
          "dun",
          "dun"
        ],
        [
          "dusky",
          "dusky"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gloomy, depressed."
      ],
      "id": "en-ciar-gd-adj-6NcQEc0t",
      "links": [
        [
          "gloomy",
          "gloomy"
        ],
        [
          "depressed",
          "depressed"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/cʰiaɾ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ciar"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "osp",
        "3": "cía",
        "t": "thighbone"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Spanish cía (“thighbone”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "scias"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin scias",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ἰσχιας",
        "t": "sciatic"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἰσχιας (iskhias, “sciatic”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἰσχίον",
        "t": "hip"
      },
      "expansion": "ἰσχίον (iskhíon, “hip”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably from Old Spanish cía (“thighbone”), referring to the use of this bone when rowing, from Latin scias, from Ancient Greek ἰσχιας (iskhias, “sciatic”), from ἰσχίον (iskhíon, “hip”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cío",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cie",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciado",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "es-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "i-í alternation",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciar",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciando",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciado",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciada",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciados",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciadas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cío",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cías",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "vos-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cía",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cían",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciabas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciábamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciabais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaban",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciasteis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaron",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaré",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciarás",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciará",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaremos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaréis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciarán",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaría",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciarías",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaría",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaríamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaríais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciarían",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "vos-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cieis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciáramos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciarais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaran",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciase",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "imperfect-se",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciases",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "imperfect-se",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciase",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "imperfect-se",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciásemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "imperfect-se",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaseis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "imperfect-se",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciasen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "imperfect-se",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciare",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciares",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciare",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciáremos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciareis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaren",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cía",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "vos-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciad",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cieis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "<í>"
      },
      "expansion": "ciar (first-person singular present cío, first-person singular preterite cie, past participle ciado)",
      "name": "es-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ciar"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "<í>",
        "nocomb": "1"
      },
      "name": "es-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Spanish",
  "lang_code": "es",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Spanish verbs ending in -ar",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Spanish verbs with i-í alternation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "es",
          "name": "Nautical",
          "orig": "es:Nautical",
          "parents": [
            "Transport",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to back water"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciar-es-verb-ja~dBwKv",
      "links": [
        [
          "back water",
          "back water"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to back water"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈθjaɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Spain"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈθjaɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Spain"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsjaɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Latin-America"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈsjaɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Latin-America"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɾ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ciar"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "jet black, sable",
      "word": "ciardhubh"
    },
    {
      "english": "beetle",
      "word": "ciaróg"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)ḱeh₃-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "cíar",
        "4": "",
        "5": "dark"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish cíar (“dark”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*kēros"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kēros",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*(s)ḱeh₃i-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃i-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*(s)ḱeh₃-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grey, dark"
      },
      "expansion": "*(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zle-ono",
        "2": "хѣрь",
        "3": "",
        "4": "gray cloth"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Novgorodian хѣрь (xěrĭ, “gray cloth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "hār",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grey-haired"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hār (“grey-haired”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish cíar (“dark”), from Proto-Celtic *kēros, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃i-, extension of *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”). Further cognates are Old Novgorodian хѣрь (xěrĭ, “gray cloth”) and Old English hār (“grey-haired”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "céir",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "céire",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciara",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "céire",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ga-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chiar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chiara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chéir",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chiar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chéir",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "céire",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chiar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chiar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chéir",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chiara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "níos céire",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "is céire",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ga-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciar",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chiar",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "lenition",
        "mutation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gciar",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "eclipsis",
        "mutation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "10": "ciara",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "13": "comparative",
        "14": "céire",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "genitive singular masculine",
        "4": "céir",
        "5": "genitive singular feminine",
        "6": "céire",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{gsf2}}}",
        "9": "plural",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ciar (genitive singular masculine céir, genitive singular feminine céire, plural ciara, comparative céire)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "comp": "céire",
        "gsf": "céire",
        "gsm": "céir",
        "pl": "~a"
      },
      "expansion": "ciar (genitive singular masculine céir, genitive singular feminine céire, plural ciara, comparative céire)",
      "name": "ga-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c",
        "2": "iar",
        "gsf": "éire",
        "gsm": "éir",
        "pl": "iara"
      },
      "name": "ga-decl-adj"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "ga-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Irish",
  "lang_code": "ga",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "Ciarán"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Irish adjectives",
        "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Irish lemmas",
        "Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
        "Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
        "Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)ḱeh₃-",
        "Irish terms inherited from Old Irish",
        "Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
        "Irish terms with IPA pronunciation"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "swarthy, dark"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "swarthy",
          "swarthy"
        ],
        [
          "dark",
          "dark"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ciəɾˠ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ciar"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "ciar",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
        "Latin non-lemma forms",
        "Latin verb forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "ciō"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "first-person singular future passive indicative of ciō"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ciō",
          "cio#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ciar"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Scottish Gaelic adjectives",
    "Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Scottish Gaelic lemmas",
    "Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Old Irish",
    "Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Scottish Gaelic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)ḱeh₃-",
    "Scottish Gaelic terms inherited from Old Irish",
    "Scottish Gaelic terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
    "Scottish Gaelic terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)ḱeh₃-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "cíar",
        "4": "",
        "5": "dark"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish cíar (“dark”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*kēros"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kēros",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*(s)ḱeh₃i-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃i-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*(s)ḱeh₃-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grey, dark"
      },
      "expansion": "*(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zle-ono",
        "2": "хѣрь",
        "3": "",
        "4": "gray cloth"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Novgorodian хѣрь (xěrĭ, “gray cloth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "hār",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grey-haired"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hār (“grey-haired”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish cíar (“dark”), from Proto-Celtic *kēros, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃i-, extension of *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”). Further cognates are Old Novgorodian хѣрь (xěrĭ, “gray cloth”) and Old English hār (“grey-haired”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "nas cèire",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "na bu chèire",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gd-mut-cons",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciar",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chiar",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "lenition",
        "mutation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "comparative",
        "4": "nas cèire / na bu chèire"
      },
      "expansion": "ciar (comparative nas cèire / na bu chèire)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c",
        "2": "iar"
      },
      "name": "gd-mut-cons"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
  "lang_code": "gd",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "ciarag"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "swarthy, dark, dun, dusky"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "swarthy",
          "swarthy"
        ],
        [
          "dark",
          "dark"
        ],
        [
          "dun",
          "dun"
        ],
        [
          "dusky",
          "dusky"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "gloomy, depressed."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gloomy",
          "gloomy"
        ],
        [
          "depressed",
          "depressed"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/cʰiaɾ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ciar"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "osp",
        "3": "cía",
        "t": "thighbone"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Spanish cía (“thighbone”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "scias"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin scias",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ἰσχιας",
        "t": "sciatic"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἰσχιας (iskhias, “sciatic”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἰσχίον",
        "t": "hip"
      },
      "expansion": "ἰσχίον (iskhíon, “hip”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably from Old Spanish cía (“thighbone”), referring to the use of this bone when rowing, from Latin scias, from Ancient Greek ἰσχιας (iskhias, “sciatic”), from ἰσχίον (iskhíon, “hip”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cío",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cie",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciado",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "es-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "i-í alternation",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciar",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciando",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciado",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciada",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciados",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciadas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cío",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cías",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "informal",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "vos-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cía",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cían",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciabas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciábamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciabais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaban",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciasteis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaron",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaré",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciarás",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciará",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaremos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaréis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciarán",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaría",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciarías",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaría",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaríamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaríais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciarían",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "informal",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "vos-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cieis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciáramos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciarais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaran",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciase",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "imperfect-se",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciases",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "imperfect-se",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciase",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "imperfect-se",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciásemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "imperfect-se",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaseis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "imperfect-se",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciasen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "imperfect-se",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciare",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciares",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciare",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciáremos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciareis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciaren",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cía",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "informal",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "vos-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciad",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cieis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person-semantically",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cíen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "<í>"
      },
      "expansion": "ciar (first-person singular present cío, first-person singular preterite cie, past participle ciado)",
      "name": "es-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ciar"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "<í>",
        "nocomb": "1"
      },
      "name": "es-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Spanish",
  "lang_code": "es",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Rhymes:Spanish/aɾ",
        "Rhymes:Spanish/aɾ/1 syllable",
        "Spanish 1-syllable words",
        "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Spanish intransitive verbs",
        "Spanish lemmas",
        "Spanish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
        "Spanish terms derived from Latin",
        "Spanish terms derived from Old Spanish",
        "Spanish terms inherited from Latin",
        "Spanish terms inherited from Old Spanish",
        "Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Spanish verbs",
        "Spanish verbs ending in -ar",
        "Spanish verbs with i-í alternation",
        "es:Nautical"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to back water"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "back water",
          "back water"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to back water"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈθjaɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Spain"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈθjaɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Spain"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsjaɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Latin-America"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈsjaɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Latin-America"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɾ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ciar"
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Nominative",
  "path": [
    "ciar"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "ciar",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Vocative",
  "path": [
    "ciar"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "ciar",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Genitive",
  "path": [
    "ciar"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "ciar",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Dative",
  "path": [
    "ciar"
  ],
  "section": "Irish",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "ciar",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.