See ciar in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ḱeh₃-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "cíar",
"4": "",
"5": "dark"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish cíar (“dark”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kēros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kēros",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*(s)ḱeh₃i-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃i-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ono",
"2": "хѣрь",
"3": "",
"4": "gray cloth"
},
"expansion": "Old Novgorodian хѣрь (xěrĭ, “gray cloth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hār",
"3": "",
"4": "grey-haired"
},
"expansion": "Old English hār (“grey-haired”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish cíar (“dark”), from Proto-Celtic *kēros, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃i-, extension of *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”). Further cognates are Old Novgorodian хѣрь (xěrĭ, “gray cloth”) and Old English hār (“grey-haired”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "céir",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "céire",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciara",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "céire",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ciar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chiar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chiara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chéir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chiar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ciara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chéir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "céire",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "ciar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "ciar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chiar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chiar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chéir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chiara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "níos céire",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "is céire",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ciar",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "chiar",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "gciar",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis",
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "ciara",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl2}}}",
"13": "comparative",
"14": "céire",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "genitive singular masculine",
"4": "céir",
"5": "genitive singular feminine",
"6": "céire",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{gsf2}}}",
"9": "plural",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ciar (genitive singular masculine céir, genitive singular feminine céire, plural ciara, comparative céire)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"comp": "céire",
"gsf": "céire",
"gsm": "céir",
"pl": "~a"
},
"expansion": "ciar (genitive singular masculine céir, genitive singular feminine céire, plural ciara, comparative céire)",
"name": "ga-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "iar",
"gsf": "éire",
"gsm": "éir",
"pl": "iara"
},
"name": "ga-decl-adj"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "jet black, sable",
"word": "ciardhubh"
},
{
"english": "beetle",
"word": "ciaróg"
}
],
"glosses": [
"swarthy, dark"
],
"id": "en-ciar-ga-adj-6GerYBgM",
"links": [
[
"swarthy",
"swarthy"
],
[
"dark",
"dark"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "Ciarán"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ciəɾˠ/"
}
],
"word": "ciar"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "jet black, sable",
"word": "ciardhubh"
},
{
"english": "beetle",
"word": "ciaróg"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ḱeh₃-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "cíar",
"4": "",
"5": "dark"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish cíar (“dark”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kēros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kēros",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*(s)ḱeh₃i-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃i-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ono",
"2": "хѣрь",
"3": "",
"4": "gray cloth"
},
"expansion": "Old Novgorodian хѣрь (xěrĭ, “gray cloth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hār",
"3": "",
"4": "grey-haired"
},
"expansion": "Old English hār (“grey-haired”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish cíar (“dark”), from Proto-Celtic *kēros, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃i-, extension of *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”). Further cognates are Old Novgorodian хѣрь (xěrĭ, “gray cloth”) and Old English hār (“grey-haired”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "céir",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "céire",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciara",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "céire",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ciar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chiar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chiara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chéir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chiar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ciara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chéir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "céire",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "ciar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "ciar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chiar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chiar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chéir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chiara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "níos céire",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "is céire",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ciar",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "chiar",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "gciar",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis",
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "ciara",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl2}}}",
"13": "comparative",
"14": "céire",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "genitive singular masculine",
"4": "céir",
"5": "genitive singular feminine",
"6": "céire",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{gsf2}}}",
"9": "plural",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ciar (genitive singular masculine céir, genitive singular feminine céire, plural ciara, comparative céire)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"comp": "céire",
"gsf": "céire",
"gsm": "céir",
"pl": "~a"
},
"expansion": "ciar (genitive singular masculine céir, genitive singular feminine céire, plural ciara, comparative céire)",
"name": "ga-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "iar",
"gsf": "éire",
"gsm": "éir",
"pl": "iara"
},
"name": "ga-decl-adj"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "Ciarán"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Irish adjectives",
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
"Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)ḱeh₃-",
"Irish terms inherited from Old Irish",
"Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 4 entries"
],
"glosses": [
"swarthy, dark"
],
"links": [
[
"swarthy",
"swarthy"
],
[
"dark",
"dark"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ciəɾˠ/"
}
],
"word": "ciar"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ciar meaning in Irish (4.9kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Nominative",
"path": [
"ciar"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "ciar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Vocative",
"path": [
"ciar"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "ciar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Genitive",
"path": [
"ciar"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "ciar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Dative",
"path": [
"ciar"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "ciar",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.