See cawl on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for cawl meaning in All languages combined (11.8kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cy",
"3": "cawl"
},
"expansion": "Welsh cawl",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caulis",
"t": "stalk or stem of a plant, particularly a cabbage"
},
"expansion": "Latin caulis (“stalk or stem of a plant, particularly a cabbage”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kéh₂wl̥",
"4": "*kaw(ǝ)l"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kaw(ǝ)l",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*keh₂ulós",
"3": "*kh₂ulós"
},
"expansion": "*kh₂ulós",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kowos",
"t": "tubular bone; pipe"
},
"expansion": "*kowos (“tubular bone; pipe”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "caulis",
"3": "cole",
"4": "kale",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of caulis, cole, and kale",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Welsh cawl, itself borrowed from Latin caulis (“stalk or stem of a plant, particularly a cabbage”), from Proto-Indo-European *kaw(ǝ)l, *kh₂ulós, or *kowos (“tubular bone; pipe”). The English word is a doublet of caulis, cole, and kale.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cawls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "cawl (countable and uncountable, plural cawls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "65 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "73 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A traditional Welsh soup, typically made with beef, lamb, or salted bacon with carrot, leeks, potatoes, swedes, and other seasonal vegetables."
],
"id": "en-cawl-en-noun-5pP~24XQ",
"links": [
[
"traditional",
"traditional#Adjective"
],
[
"Welsh",
"Welsh#Adjective"
],
[
"soup",
"soup#Noun"
],
[
"beef",
"beef#Noun"
],
[
"lamb",
"lamb#Noun"
],
[
"salted",
"salted#Adjective"
],
[
"bacon",
"bacon"
],
[
"carrot",
"carrot#Noun"
],
[
"leek",
"leek"
],
[
"potato",
"potato"
],
[
"swede",
"swede"
],
[
"seasonal",
"seasonal#Adjective"
],
[
"vegetable",
"vegetable"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "traditional Welsh soup",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cawl Cymreig"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaʊl/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kəʉl/",
"note": "Mid-Ulster English"
},
{
"homophone": "cowl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cawl.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cawl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cawl.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cawl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cawl.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "cawl"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "caul"
},
"expansion": "caul",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A variant of caul.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cawls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cawl (plural cawls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "a membrane or veil, especially over a baby's head",
"word": "caul"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of caul (“a membrane or veil, especially over a baby's head”)"
],
"id": "en-cawl-en-noun-Gow~Iw6S",
"links": [
[
"caul",
"caul#English"
],
[
"membrane",
"membrane"
],
[
"veil",
"veil#Noun"
],
[
"baby",
"baby#Noun"
],
[
"head",
"head#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɔːl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"homophone": "call"
}
],
"word": "cawl"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cal",
"3": "cale",
"4": "calle",
"5": "kalle",
"6": "kelle",
"7": "kolle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: cal, cale, calle, kalle, kelle, kolle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: cal, cale, calle, kalle, kelle, kolle"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "caul"
},
"expansion": "English: caul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: caul"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "kelle",
"3": "kell"
},
"expansion": "Scots: kelle, kell",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: kelle, kell"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "la",
"3": "",
"4": "*cavallum"
},
"expansion": "Latin *cavallum",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cavea",
"3": "",
"4": "hollow, cavity; cage, enclosure"
},
"expansion": "cavea (“hollow, cavity; cage, enclosure”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin *cavallum, from cavea (“hollow, cavity; cage, enclosure”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cāwl",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "cāwl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cāwlas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cāwl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cāwlas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cāwles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cāwla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cāwle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cāwlum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "cāwl",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "cāwl m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "cāwl"
},
"expansion": "cāwl m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cāwl"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cāwl",
"2": "cāwlas",
"3": "cāwl",
"4": "cāwlas",
"5": "cāwles",
"6": "cāwla",
"7": "cāwle",
"8": "cāwlum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "and then they took up twelve baskets full of the remains of the bread and the fish.",
"ref": "Lindisfarne Gospels, gloss on Mark 6: 43",
"text": "et sustulerunt reliquias fragmentorum duodecim cophinos plenos et de piscibus / & genomon ða hlafo ðara screadunga tuoelf ceaulas fulle & of fiscum",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"basket"
],
"id": "en-cawl-ang-noun--nbZmtlX",
"links": [
[
"basket",
"basket"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cāwel"
},
{
"word": "cāuuel"
},
{
"word": "cāul"
},
{
"word": "cēawl"
},
{
"word": "cēaul"
},
{
"word": "cōuel"
},
{
"word": "cēaol"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑːwl/"
}
],
"word": "cawl"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cawl",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: cawl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: cawl"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "cawl"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh cawl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*kawl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *kawl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "la",
"3": "caulis",
"4": "",
"5": "stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage"
},
"expansion": "Latin caulis (“stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "kowl"
},
"expansion": "Cornish kowl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kaol"
},
"expansion": "Breton kaol",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh cawl, from Proto-Brythonic *kawl, from Latin caulis (“stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage”). Cognate with Cornish kowl, Breton kaol.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cawlen",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cawl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "gawl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghawl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "chawl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "noun",
"3": "diminutive",
"4": "cawlen",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "cawl m (diminutive cawlen)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 44 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Foods",
"orig": "cy:Foods",
"parents": [
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"soup, pottage, broth; gruel"
],
"id": "en-cawl-cy-noun-YsLHzPL3",
"links": [
[
"soup",
"soup"
],
[
"pottage",
"pottage"
],
[
"broth",
"broth"
],
[
"gruel",
"gruel"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 44 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Foods",
"orig": "cy:Foods",
"parents": [
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"soup, pottage, broth; gruel",
"mixture, hodgepodge, mess"
],
"id": "en-cawl-cy-noun-0w1~tYjM",
"links": [
[
"soup",
"soup"
],
[
"pottage",
"pottage"
],
[
"broth",
"broth"
],
[
"gruel",
"gruel"
],
[
"mixture",
"mixture"
],
[
"hodgepodge",
"hodgepodge"
],
[
"mess",
"mess"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"soup, pottage, broth; gruel",
"(figuratively) mixture, hodgepodge, mess"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 20 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 44 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Foods",
"orig": "cy:Foods",
"parents": [
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cabbage, colewort, potherbs"
],
"id": "en-cawl-cy-noun-hbgsjemw",
"links": [
[
"cabbage",
"cabbage"
],
[
"colewort",
"colewort"
],
[
"potherb",
"potherb"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kau̯l/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "potes"
}
],
"word": "cawl"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "cawl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "caule"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Yola entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Upon the horse.",
"ref": "1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY",
"text": "Pa cawl.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of caule"
],
"id": "en-cawl-yol-noun-VUIB20BM",
"links": [
[
"caule",
"caule#Yola"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "cawl"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Welsh",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Welsh",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/aʊl"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cy",
"3": "cawl"
},
"expansion": "Welsh cawl",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caulis",
"t": "stalk or stem of a plant, particularly a cabbage"
},
"expansion": "Latin caulis (“stalk or stem of a plant, particularly a cabbage”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kéh₂wl̥",
"4": "*kaw(ǝ)l"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kaw(ǝ)l",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*keh₂ulós",
"3": "*kh₂ulós"
},
"expansion": "*kh₂ulós",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kowos",
"t": "tubular bone; pipe"
},
"expansion": "*kowos (“tubular bone; pipe”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "caulis",
"3": "cole",
"4": "kale",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of caulis, cole, and kale",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Welsh cawl, itself borrowed from Latin caulis (“stalk or stem of a plant, particularly a cabbage”), from Proto-Indo-European *kaw(ǝ)l, *kh₂ulós, or *kowos (“tubular bone; pipe”). The English word is a doublet of caulis, cole, and kale.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cawls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "cawl (countable and uncountable, plural cawls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A traditional Welsh soup, typically made with beef, lamb, or salted bacon with carrot, leeks, potatoes, swedes, and other seasonal vegetables."
],
"links": [
[
"traditional",
"traditional#Adjective"
],
[
"Welsh",
"Welsh#Adjective"
],
[
"soup",
"soup#Noun"
],
[
"beef",
"beef#Noun"
],
[
"lamb",
"lamb#Noun"
],
[
"salted",
"salted#Adjective"
],
[
"bacon",
"bacon"
],
[
"carrot",
"carrot#Noun"
],
[
"leek",
"leek"
],
[
"potato",
"potato"
],
[
"swede",
"swede"
],
[
"seasonal",
"seasonal#Adjective"
],
[
"vegetable",
"vegetable"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaʊl/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kəʉl/",
"note": "Mid-Ulster English"
},
{
"homophone": "cowl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cawl.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cawl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cawl.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cawl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cawl.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "traditional Welsh soup",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cawl Cymreig"
}
],
"word": "cawl"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with homophones"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "caul"
},
"expansion": "caul",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A variant of caul.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cawls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cawl (plural cawls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "a membrane or veil, especially over a baby's head",
"word": "caul"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of caul (“a membrane or veil, especially over a baby's head”)"
],
"links": [
[
"caul",
"caul#English"
],
[
"membrane",
"membrane"
],
[
"veil",
"veil#Noun"
],
[
"baby",
"baby#Noun"
],
[
"head",
"head#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɔːl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"homophone": "call"
}
],
"word": "cawl"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cal",
"3": "cale",
"4": "calle",
"5": "kalle",
"6": "kelle",
"7": "kolle"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: cal, cale, calle, kalle, kelle, kolle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: cal, cale, calle, kalle, kelle, kolle"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "caul"
},
"expansion": "English: caul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: caul"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "kelle",
"3": "kell"
},
"expansion": "Scots: kelle, kell",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: kelle, kell"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "la",
"3": "",
"4": "*cavallum"
},
"expansion": "Latin *cavallum",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cavea",
"3": "",
"4": "hollow, cavity; cage, enclosure"
},
"expansion": "cavea (“hollow, cavity; cage, enclosure”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin *cavallum, from cavea (“hollow, cavity; cage, enclosure”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cāwl",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "cāwl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cāwlas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cāwl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cāwlas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cāwles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cāwla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cāwle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cāwlum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "cāwl",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "cāwl m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "cāwl"
},
"expansion": "cāwl m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cāwl"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cāwl",
"2": "cāwlas",
"3": "cāwl",
"4": "cāwlas",
"5": "cāwles",
"6": "cāwla",
"7": "cāwle",
"8": "cāwlum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms borrowed from Latin",
"Old English terms derived from Latin",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱewh₁-",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "and then they took up twelve baskets full of the remains of the bread and the fish.",
"ref": "Lindisfarne Gospels, gloss on Mark 6: 43",
"text": "et sustulerunt reliquias fragmentorum duodecim cophinos plenos et de piscibus / & genomon ða hlafo ðara screadunga tuoelf ceaulas fulle & of fiscum",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"basket"
],
"links": [
[
"basket",
"basket"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑːwl/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cāwel"
},
{
"word": "cāuuel"
},
{
"word": "cāul"
},
{
"word": "cēawl"
},
{
"word": "cēaul"
},
{
"word": "cōuel"
},
{
"word": "cēaol"
}
],
"word": "cawl"
}
{
"categories": [
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh terms derived from Latin",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation",
"cy:Foods"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cawl",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: cawl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: cawl"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "cawl"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh cawl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*kawl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *kawl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "la",
"3": "caulis",
"4": "",
"5": "stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage"
},
"expansion": "Latin caulis (“stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "kowl"
},
"expansion": "Cornish kowl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kaol"
},
"expansion": "Breton kaol",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh cawl, from Proto-Brythonic *kawl, from Latin caulis (“stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage”). Cognate with Cornish kowl, Breton kaol.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cawlen",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cawl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "gawl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghawl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "chawl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "noun",
"3": "diminutive",
"4": "cawlen",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "cawl m (diminutive cawlen)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"soup, pottage, broth; gruel"
],
"links": [
[
"soup",
"soup"
],
[
"pottage",
"pottage"
],
[
"broth",
"broth"
],
[
"gruel",
"gruel"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"soup, pottage, broth; gruel",
"mixture, hodgepodge, mess"
],
"links": [
[
"soup",
"soup"
],
[
"pottage",
"pottage"
],
[
"broth",
"broth"
],
[
"gruel",
"gruel"
],
[
"mixture",
"mixture"
],
[
"hodgepodge",
"hodgepodge"
],
[
"mess",
"mess"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"soup, pottage, broth; gruel",
"(figuratively) mixture, hodgepodge, mess"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cabbage, colewort, potherbs"
],
"links": [
[
"cabbage",
"cabbage"
],
[
"colewort",
"colewort"
],
[
"potherb",
"potherb"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kau̯l/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "potes"
}
],
"word": "cawl"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "cawl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "caule"
}
],
"categories": [
"Yola entries with incorrect language header",
"Yola lemmas",
"Yola nouns",
"Yola terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Upon the horse.",
"ref": "1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY",
"text": "Pa cawl.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of caule"
],
"links": [
[
"caule",
"caule#Yola"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "cawl"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.