cawl in Welsh

IPA: /kau̯l/ Forms: cawliau [plural], cawlen [diminutive], no-table-tags [table-tags], cawl [error-unrecognized-form], gawl [soft], nghawl [error-unrecognized-form], chawl [error-unrecognized-form] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Middle Welsh cawl, from Proto-Brythonic *kawl, from Latin caulis (“stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage”). Cognate with Cornish kowl, Breton kaol. Etymology templates: {{inh|cy|wlm|cawl}} Middle Welsh cawl, {{inh|cy|cel-bry-pro|*kawl}} Proto-Brythonic *kawl, {{der|cy|la|caulis||stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage}} Latin caulis (“stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage”), {{cog|kw|kowl}} Cornish kowl, {{cog|br|kaol}} Breton kaol Head templates: {{cy-noun|m|-|dim=cawlen|pl2=cawliau}} cawl m (usually uncountable, plural cawliau, diminutive cawlen) Inflection templates: {{cy-mut}}

Inflected forms

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "cawl",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: cawl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: cawl"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "wlm",
        "3": "cawl"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh cawl",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*kawl"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *kawl",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "caulis",
        "4": "",
        "5": "stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin caulis (“stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "kowl"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish kowl",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "kaol"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton kaol",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh cawl, from Proto-Brythonic *kawl, from Latin caulis (“stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage”). Cognate with Cornish kowl, Breton kaol.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cawliau",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cawlen",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cawl",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawl",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "soft"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nghawl",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chawl",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-",
        "dim": "cawlen",
        "pl2": "cawliau"
      },
      "expansion": "cawl m (usually uncountable, plural cawliau, diminutive cawlen)",
      "name": "cy-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "44 44 12",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "cy",
          "name": "Foods",
          "orig": "cy:Foods",
          "parents": [
            "Eating",
            "Food and drink",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "soup, pottage, broth; gruel"
      ],
      "id": "en-cawl-cy-noun-YsLHzPL3",
      "links": [
        [
          "soup",
          "soup"
        ],
        [
          "pottage",
          "pottage"
        ],
        [
          "broth",
          "broth"
        ],
        [
          "gruel",
          "gruel"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "potes"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Anglicism"
          ],
          "word": "sŵp"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "44 44 12",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "cy",
          "name": "Foods",
          "orig": "cy:Foods",
          "parents": [
            "Eating",
            "Food and drink",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "soup, pottage, broth; gruel",
        "mixture, hodgepodge, mess"
      ],
      "id": "en-cawl-cy-noun-0w1~tYjM",
      "links": [
        [
          "soup",
          "soup"
        ],
        [
          "pottage",
          "pottage"
        ],
        [
          "broth",
          "broth"
        ],
        [
          "gruel",
          "gruel"
        ],
        [
          "mixture",
          "mixture"
        ],
        [
          "hodgepodge",
          "hodgepodge"
        ],
        [
          "mess",
          "mess"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "soup, pottage, broth; gruel",
        "(figuratively) mixture, hodgepodge, mess"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "potes"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Anglicism"
          ],
          "word": "sŵp"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "masculine",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 19 61",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "44 44 12",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "cy",
          "name": "Foods",
          "orig": "cy:Foods",
          "parents": [
            "Eating",
            "Food and drink",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cabbage, colewort, potherbs"
      ],
      "id": "en-cawl-cy-noun-hbgsjemw",
      "links": [
        [
          "cabbage",
          "cabbage"
        ],
        [
          "colewort",
          "colewort"
        ],
        [
          "potherb",
          "potherb"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bresych"
        },
        {
          "word": "cabaets"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kau̯l/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cawl"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Welsh countable nouns",
    "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Welsh lemmas",
    "Welsh masculine nouns",
    "Welsh nouns",
    "Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines",
    "Welsh terms derived from Latin",
    "Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
    "Welsh uncountable nouns",
    "cy:Foods"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "cawl",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: cawl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: cawl"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "wlm",
        "3": "cawl"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh cawl",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*kawl"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *kawl",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "caulis",
        "4": "",
        "5": "stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin caulis (“stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "kowl"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish kowl",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "kaol"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton kaol",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh cawl, from Proto-Brythonic *kawl, from Latin caulis (“stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage”). Cognate with Cornish kowl, Breton kaol.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cawliau",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cawlen",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cawl",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawl",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "soft"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nghawl",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chawl",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-",
        "dim": "cawlen",
        "pl2": "cawliau"
      },
      "expansion": "cawl m (usually uncountable, plural cawliau, diminutive cawlen)",
      "name": "cy-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "soup, pottage, broth; gruel"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "soup",
          "soup"
        ],
        [
          "pottage",
          "pottage"
        ],
        [
          "broth",
          "broth"
        ],
        [
          "gruel",
          "gruel"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "potes"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Anglicism"
          ],
          "word": "sŵp"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "soup, pottage, broth; gruel",
        "mixture, hodgepodge, mess"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "soup",
          "soup"
        ],
        [
          "pottage",
          "pottage"
        ],
        [
          "broth",
          "broth"
        ],
        [
          "gruel",
          "gruel"
        ],
        [
          "mixture",
          "mixture"
        ],
        [
          "hodgepodge",
          "hodgepodge"
        ],
        [
          "mess",
          "mess"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "soup, pottage, broth; gruel",
        "(figuratively) mixture, hodgepodge, mess"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "potes"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Anglicism"
          ],
          "word": "sŵp"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "masculine",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cabbage, colewort, potherbs"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cabbage",
          "cabbage"
        ],
        [
          "colewort",
          "colewort"
        ],
        [
          "potherb",
          "potherb"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bresych"
        },
        {
          "word": "cabaets"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kau̯l/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cawl"
}

[Show JSON error data ▼] [Hide JSON error data ▲]

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cawl/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "cawl"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "cawl",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cawl/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
  "path": [
    "cawl"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "cawl",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cawl/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
  "path": [
    "cawl"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "cawl",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (32c88e6 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"cawl" meaning in Welsh

Noun

Inflected forms