See cawl in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
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"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cawl"
}
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"args": {
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"2": ":inh",
"3": "wlm:cawl<ety:inh<cel-bry-pro:*kawl>>"
},
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{
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"2": "wlm",
"3": "cawl"
},
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{
"args": {
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"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*kawl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *kawl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "la",
"3": "caulis",
"4": "",
"5": "stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage"
},
"expansion": "Latin caulis (“stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "kowl"
},
"expansion": "Cornish kowl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kaol"
},
"expansion": "Breton kaol",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh cawl, from Proto-Brythonic *kawl, from Latin caulis (“stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage”). Cognate with Cornish kowl, Breton kaol.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cawliau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cawlen",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
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"source": "mutation",
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"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cawl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gawl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghawl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chawl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "-",
"dim": "cawlen",
"pl2": "cawliau"
},
"expansion": "cawl m (usually uncountable, plural cawliau, diminutive cawlen)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
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"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 41 19",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Foods",
"orig": "cy:Foods",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"soup, pottage, broth; gruel"
],
"id": "en-cawl-cy-noun-YsLHzPL3",
"links": [
[
"soup",
"soup"
],
[
"pottage",
"pottage"
],
[
"broth",
"broth"
],
[
"gruel",
"gruel"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "potes"
},
{
"tags": [
"Anglicism"
],
"word": "sŵp"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 41 19",
"kind": "other",
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"name": "Foods",
"orig": "cy:Foods",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"soup, pottage, broth; gruel",
"mixture, hodgepodge, mess"
],
"id": "en-cawl-cy-noun-0w1~tYjM",
"links": [
[
"soup",
"soup"
],
[
"pottage",
"pottage"
],
[
"broth",
"broth"
],
[
"gruel",
"gruel"
],
[
"mixture",
"mixture"
],
[
"hodgepodge",
"hodgepodge"
],
[
"mess",
"mess"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"soup, pottage, broth; gruel",
"(figuratively) mixture, hodgepodge, mess"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "potes"
},
{
"tags": [
"Anglicism"
],
"word": "sŵp"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"masculine",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 21 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "21 21 57",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 57",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 41 19",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Foods",
"orig": "cy:Foods",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cabbage, colewort, potherbs"
],
"id": "en-cawl-cy-noun-hbgsjemw",
"links": [
[
"cabbage",
"cabbage"
],
[
"colewort",
"colewort"
],
[
"potherb",
"potherb"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bresych"
},
{
"word": "cabaets"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kau̯l/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-au̯l"
}
],
"word": "cawl"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Rhymes:Welsh/au̯l",
"Rhymes:Welsh/au̯l/1 syllable",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with etymon",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Welsh terms derived from Latin",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh uncountable nouns",
"cy:Foods"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cawl"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "wlm:cawl<ety:inh<cel-bry-pro:*kawl>>"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*keh₂ulis\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"caulis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Brythonic\", \"term\" : \"*kawl\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-bry-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Welsh\", \"term\" : \"cawl\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"wlm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Welsh\", \"term\" : \"cawl\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cy\" }\" data-lang=\"cy\" data-title=\"cawl\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "cawl"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh cawl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*kawl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *kawl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "la",
"3": "caulis",
"4": "",
"5": "stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage"
},
"expansion": "Latin caulis (“stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "kowl"
},
"expansion": "Cornish kowl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kaol"
},
"expansion": "Breton kaol",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh cawl, from Proto-Brythonic *kawl, from Latin caulis (“stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage”). Cognate with Cornish kowl, Breton kaol.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cawliau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cawlen",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cawl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gawl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghawl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chawl",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-",
"dim": "cawlen",
"pl2": "cawliau"
},
"expansion": "cawl m (usually uncountable, plural cawliau, diminutive cawlen)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
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{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"soup, pottage, broth; gruel"
],
"links": [
[
"soup",
"soup"
],
[
"pottage",
"pottage"
],
[
"broth",
"broth"
],
[
"gruel",
"gruel"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "potes"
},
{
"tags": [
"Anglicism"
],
"word": "sŵp"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"soup, pottage, broth; gruel",
"mixture, hodgepodge, mess"
],
"links": [
[
"soup",
"soup"
],
[
"pottage",
"pottage"
],
[
"broth",
"broth"
],
[
"gruel",
"gruel"
],
[
"mixture",
"mixture"
],
[
"hodgepodge",
"hodgepodge"
],
[
"mess",
"mess"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"soup, pottage, broth; gruel",
"(figuratively) mixture, hodgepodge, mess"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "potes"
},
{
"tags": [
"Anglicism"
],
"word": "sŵp"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"masculine",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cabbage, colewort, potherbs"
],
"links": [
[
"cabbage",
"cabbage"
],
[
"colewort",
"colewort"
],
[
"potherb",
"potherb"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bresych"
},
{
"word": "cabaets"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kau̯l/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-au̯l"
}
],
"word": "cawl"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cawl meaning in Welsh (4.5kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cawl/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"cawl"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cawl",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cawl/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"cawl"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cawl",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cawl/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"cawl"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cawl",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (d9fa233 and 9e92f4b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.