See caudex on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for caudex meaning in All languages combined (7.9kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caudex",
"4": "",
"5": "tree trunk”, “tree stem"
},
"expansion": "Latin caudex (“tree trunk”, “tree stem”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "codex"
},
"expansion": "codex",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin caudex (“tree trunk”, “tree stem”); compare codex.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "caudices",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caudexes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "caudices",
"2": "+"
},
"expansion": "caudex (plural caudices or caudexes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "en:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An enlargement of the stem, branch or root of a woody plant, usually serving to store water."
],
"id": "en-caudex-en-noun-vteganfq",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"stem",
"stem"
],
[
"branch",
"branch"
],
[
"root",
"root"
],
[
"woody",
"woody"
],
[
"plant",
"plant"
],
[
"store",
"store"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) An enlargement of the stem, branch or root of a woody plant, usually serving to store water."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "caudicle"
},
{
"word": "codex"
}
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
],
"wikipedia": [
"caudex"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɔːdɛks/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kôʹdĕks",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
}
],
"word": "caudex"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "a raft",
"word": "caudica"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "caudicālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "caudicārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "caudiceus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "càudex",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: càudex",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: càudex"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "cáudice",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: cáudice",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: cáudice"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cūdō",
"3": "",
"4": "I beat, strike"
},
"expansion": "cūdō (“I beat, strike”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kewh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kewh₂-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*keh₂w-",
"3": "",
"4": "to beat, hew, chop"
},
"expansion": "*keh₂w- (“to beat, hew, chop”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cauda",
"3": "",
"4": "tail"
},
"expansion": "cauda (“tail”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "caulis",
"3": "",
"4": "stalk"
},
"expansion": "caulis (“stalk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ḱewh₁-",
"3": "*ḱawh₁-",
"4": "to swell; hollow"
},
"expansion": "*ḱawh₁- (“to swell; hollow”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cavus"
},
"expansion": "cavus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "caupulus",
"3": "",
"4": "a kind of small boat"
},
"expansion": "Latin caupulus (“a kind of small boat”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Most likely to be connected to cūdō (“I beat, strike”), both deriving from the same dental extension of Proto-Indo-European *kewh₂-, *keh₂w- (“to beat, hew, chop”), and so originally meant “that which has been cleaved off”. See also cauda (“tail”). Another possibility is a relation to caulis (“stalk”), if this is an l-stem derivative of the same ultimate root, perhaps *ḱawh₁- (“to swell; hollow”) (whence cavus) if both words originally meant “hollow stem”.\nAn older idea connected it to Latin caupulus (“a kind of small boat”), based on the observation that similar words meaning “boat” and “tree” are often related in Indo-European languages, as many Indo-European peoples used hollowed out trees as boats and skiffs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "caudicis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "caudex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caudicēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caudicis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caudicum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caudicī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caudicibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caudicem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caudicēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caudice",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caudicibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caudex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "caudicēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "caudex<3>",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "caudex m (genitive caudicis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "caudex<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "60 1 36 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 0 26 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "57 2 35 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 1 38 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 16 23 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "57 2 35 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms with variable monophthongization",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tree trunk, stump"
],
"id": "en-caudex-la-noun-oB-0kI6a",
"links": [
[
"tree trunk",
"tree trunk"
],
[
"stump",
"stump"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bollard; post"
],
"id": "en-caudex-la-noun-Uv9oPVz7",
"links": [
[
"bollard",
"bollard"
],
[
"post",
"post"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"book, writing; notebook, account book"
],
"id": "en-caudex-la-noun-aA931Neh",
"links": [
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"writing",
"writing"
],
[
"notebook",
"notebook"
],
[
"account book",
"account book"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"blockhead, idiot"
],
"id": "en-caudex-la-noun-JFexyOqp",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"blockhead",
"blockhead"
],
[
"idiot",
"idiot"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory) blockhead, idiot"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "homo stultus"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 32 7 56",
"sense": "bollard, blockhead, idiot",
"word": "gurdus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"derogatory",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkau̯.deks/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkäu̯d̪ɛks̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkau̯.deks/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkäːu̯d̪eks]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cōdex"
}
],
"word": "caudex"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caudex",
"4": "",
"5": "tree trunk”, “tree stem"
},
"expansion": "Latin caudex (“tree trunk”, “tree stem”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "codex"
},
"expansion": "codex",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin caudex (“tree trunk”, “tree stem”); compare codex.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "caudices",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caudexes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "caudices",
"2": "+"
},
"expansion": "caudex (plural caudices or caudexes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "caudicle"
},
{
"word": "codex"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English undefined derivations",
"en:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"An enlargement of the stem, branch or root of a woody plant, usually serving to store water."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"stem",
"stem"
],
[
"branch",
"branch"
],
[
"root",
"root"
],
[
"woody",
"woody"
],
[
"plant",
"plant"
],
[
"store",
"store"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) An enlargement of the stem, branch or root of a woody plant, usually serving to store water."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
],
"wikipedia": [
"caudex"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɔːdɛks/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kôʹdĕks",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
}
],
"word": "caudex"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin links with manual fragments",
"Latin links with redundant alt parameters",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
"Latin terms with variable monophthongization",
"Latin third declension nouns"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "a raft",
"word": "caudica"
},
{
"word": "caudicālis"
},
{
"word": "caudicārius"
},
{
"word": "caudiceus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "càudex",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: càudex",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: càudex"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "cáudice",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: cáudice",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: cáudice"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cūdō",
"3": "",
"4": "I beat, strike"
},
"expansion": "cūdō (“I beat, strike”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kewh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kewh₂-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*keh₂w-",
"3": "",
"4": "to beat, hew, chop"
},
"expansion": "*keh₂w- (“to beat, hew, chop”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cauda",
"3": "",
"4": "tail"
},
"expansion": "cauda (“tail”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "caulis",
"3": "",
"4": "stalk"
},
"expansion": "caulis (“stalk”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ḱewh₁-",
"3": "*ḱawh₁-",
"4": "to swell; hollow"
},
"expansion": "*ḱawh₁- (“to swell; hollow”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cavus"
},
"expansion": "cavus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "caupulus",
"3": "",
"4": "a kind of small boat"
},
"expansion": "Latin caupulus (“a kind of small boat”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Most likely to be connected to cūdō (“I beat, strike”), both deriving from the same dental extension of Proto-Indo-European *kewh₂-, *keh₂w- (“to beat, hew, chop”), and so originally meant “that which has been cleaved off”. See also cauda (“tail”). Another possibility is a relation to caulis (“stalk”), if this is an l-stem derivative of the same ultimate root, perhaps *ḱawh₁- (“to swell; hollow”) (whence cavus) if both words originally meant “hollow stem”.\nAn older idea connected it to Latin caupulus (“a kind of small boat”), based on the observation that similar words meaning “boat” and “tree” are often related in Indo-European languages, as many Indo-European peoples used hollowed out trees as boats and skiffs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "caudicis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "caudex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caudicēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caudicis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caudicum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caudicī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caudicibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caudicem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caudicēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caudice",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "caudicibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "caudex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "caudicēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "caudex<3>",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "caudex m (genitive caudicis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "caudex<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"tree trunk, stump"
],
"links": [
[
"tree trunk",
"tree trunk"
],
[
"stump",
"stump"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bollard; post"
],
"links": [
[
"bollard",
"bollard"
],
[
"post",
"post"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"book, writing; notebook, account book"
],
"links": [
[
"book",
"book"
],
[
"writing",
"writing"
],
[
"notebook",
"notebook"
],
[
"account book",
"account book"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin derogatory terms"
],
"glosses": [
"blockhead, idiot"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"blockhead",
"blockhead"
],
[
"idiot",
"idiot"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory) blockhead, idiot"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "homo stultus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"derogatory",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkau̯.deks/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkäu̯d̪ɛks̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkau̯.deks/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkäːu̯d̪eks]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "bollard, blockhead, idiot",
"word": "gurdus"
},
{
"word": "cōdex"
}
],
"word": "caudex"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.