See carina on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "carina apex"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "carinal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "carination"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "carina tracheae"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cariniform"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "carinula"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "carīna",
"4": "",
"5": "keel"
},
"expansion": "Latin carīna (“keel”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "careen",
"3": "carene"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of careen and carene",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin carīna (“keel”). Doublet of careen and carene.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carinas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carinae",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "carinae"
},
"expansion": "carina (plural carinas or carinae)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A longitudinal ridge or projection like the keel of a boat."
],
"id": "en-carina-en-noun-BQEGo37T",
"links": [
[
"longitudinal",
"longitudinal"
],
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"projection",
"projection"
],
[
"keel",
"keel"
],
[
"boat",
"boat"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "en:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 49 25 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 41 19 27 4 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 49 23 19 3 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Part of a papilionaceous flower consisting of two petals, commonly united, which encloses the organs of fructification."
],
"id": "en-carina-en-noun-LCUY7d9d",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"papilionaceous",
"papilionaceous"
],
[
"flower",
"flower"
],
[
"petal",
"petal"
],
[
"enclose",
"enclose"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"fructification",
"fructification"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) Part of a papilionaceous flower consisting of two petals, commonly united, which encloses the organs of fructification."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "en:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The keel of the breastbone of birds."
],
"id": "en-carina-en-noun-VfZMvFEm",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"keel",
"keel"
],
[
"breastbone",
"breastbone"
],
[
"bird",
"bird"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) The keel of the breastbone of birds."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 29 12 49",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Plant anatomy",
"orig": "en:Plant anatomy",
"parents": [
"Anatomy",
"Botany",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of several features that have a projecting central ridge"
],
"id": "en-carina-en-noun-FzQdDzHG",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) Any of several features that have a projecting central ridge"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəˈɹiːnə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kəˈɹaɪnə/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːnə"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪnə"
}
],
"word": "carina"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "carina f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "carinë"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite nominative singular of carinë"
],
"id": "en-carina-sq-noun-jvQjtrCB",
"links": [
[
"carinë",
"carinë#Albanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "carina"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "carina",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ca‧rì‧na"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "carino"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine singular of carino"
],
"id": "en-carina-it-adj-L2nVegww",
"links": [
[
"carino",
"carino#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaˈri.na/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ina"
}
],
"word": "carina"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "carina",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: carina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: carina"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "καρίνα",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Greek: καρίνα (karína)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greek: καρίνα (karína)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "*carēna",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: *carēna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: *carēna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "carena"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: carena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: carena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "carena"
},
"expansion": "Galician: carena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: carena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "carena"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: carena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: carena"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "carène",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: carène\n→ English: careen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ French: carène\n→ English: careen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "carena",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: carena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: carena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "carena"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: carena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: carena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cerwyn"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: cerwyn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: cerwyn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Carinacea",
"2": "infraclass"
},
"expansion": "Carinacea",
"name": "taxfmt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "Carinacea",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Translingual: Carinacea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Translingual: Carinacea"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ceri",
"t": "stone of a fruit"
},
"expansion": "Welsh ceri (“stone of a fruit”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κάρυον",
"t": "nut"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κάρυον (káruon, “nut”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ker-",
"t": "hard"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“hard”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱerh₂-",
"t": "head, top"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head, top”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Welsh ceri (“stone of a fruit”) and Ancient Greek κάρυον (káruon, “nut”). The earliest attested meaning is \"ship's keel\", though whether the original meaning was \"keel\" or \"walnut shell\" is unclear.\nThe further origin is disputed:\n* Borrowed from a European substrate, whence also the Welsh and Greek terms. Alternatively, borrowed from Greek, itself borrowed from said substrate.\n* From a Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“hard”), and compared further to cancer (“crab”).\n* From Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head, top”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carīna",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "carīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "carīna<1>"
},
"expansion": "carīna f (genitive carīnae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "carīna<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Carīnae"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cornu"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "59 17 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 28 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 46 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Ship parts",
"orig": "la:Ship parts",
"parents": [
"Nautical",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"keel or hull of a ship"
],
"id": "en-carina-la-noun-R61hwEPq",
"links": [
[
"keel",
"keel"
],
[
"hull",
"hull"
],
[
"ship",
"ship"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 46 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Ship parts",
"orig": "la:Ship parts",
"parents": [
"Nautical",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ship"
],
"id": "en-carina-la-noun-5dW5cROe",
"links": [
[
"ship",
"ship"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) ship"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"half of a walnut shell"
],
"id": "en-carina-la-noun-Ipb5Mln-",
"links": [
[
"half",
"half"
],
[
"walnut",
"walnut"
],
[
"shell",
"shell"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaˈriː.na/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[käˈriːnä]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaˈri.na/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[käˈriːnä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "carina"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "car",
"3": "ina"
},
"expansion": "car + -ina",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From car + -ina, because customs was originally paid to the emperor.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cȁrina",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "ца̏рина",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "carina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carinama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "carine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "carini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carinama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carinom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carinama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"head": "cȁrina"
},
"expansion": "cȁrina f (Cyrillic spelling ца̏рина)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ca‧ri‧na"
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian terms suffixed with -ina",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"customs"
],
"id": "en-carina-sh-noun-ReKFEzuJ",
"links": [
[
"customs",
"customs"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡sârina/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9299 (srp)-Yogosp-carina.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e4/LL-Q9299_%28srp%29-Yogosp-carina.wav/LL-Q9299_%28srp%29-Yogosp-carina.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e4/LL-Q9299_%28srp%29-Yogosp-carina.wav/LL-Q9299_%28srp%29-Yogosp-carina.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Central",
"Serbia"
],
"text": "Audio (Central Serbia)"
}
],
"word": "carina"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "la",
"3": "carīna",
"4": "",
"5": "keel",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Latin carīna (“keel”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately borrowed from Latin carīna (“keel”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sk-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "carina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cariny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "cariny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carín",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "carine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carinám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "accusative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "carinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "locative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "carinách",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "instrumental",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "carinou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carinami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "carina f",
"name": "sk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"name": "sk-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovak entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovak terms with declension žena",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sk",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "sk:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The keel of the breastbone of birds."
],
"id": "en-carina-sk-noun-VfZMvFEm",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"keel",
"keel"
],
[
"breastbone",
"breastbone"
],
[
"bird",
"bird"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) The keel of the breastbone of birds."
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkariːna]"
}
],
"word": "carina"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "carina f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Albanian non-lemma forms",
"Albanian noun forms",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "carinë"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite nominative singular of carinë"
],
"links": [
[
"carinë",
"carinë#Albanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "carina"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aɪnə",
"Rhymes:English/aɪnə/3 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/iːnə",
"Rhymes:English/iːnə/3 syllables",
"en:Plant anatomy"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "carina apex"
},
{
"word": "carinal"
},
{
"word": "carination"
},
{
"word": "carina tracheae"
},
{
"word": "cariniform"
},
{
"word": "carinula"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "carīna",
"4": "",
"5": "keel"
},
"expansion": "Latin carīna (“keel”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "careen",
"3": "carene"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of careen and carene",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin carīna (“keel”). Doublet of careen and carene.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carinas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carinae",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "carinae"
},
"expansion": "carina (plural carinas or carinae)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A longitudinal ridge or projection like the keel of a boat."
],
"links": [
[
"longitudinal",
"longitudinal"
],
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"projection",
"projection"
],
[
"keel",
"keel"
],
[
"boat",
"boat"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"Part of a papilionaceous flower consisting of two petals, commonly united, which encloses the organs of fructification."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"papilionaceous",
"papilionaceous"
],
[
"flower",
"flower"
],
[
"petal",
"petal"
],
[
"enclose",
"enclose"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"fructification",
"fructification"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) Part of a papilionaceous flower consisting of two petals, commonly united, which encloses the organs of fructification."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"The keel of the breastbone of birds."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"keel",
"keel"
],
[
"breastbone",
"breastbone"
],
[
"bird",
"bird"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) The keel of the breastbone of birds."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of several features that have a projecting central ridge"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) Any of several features that have a projecting central ridge"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəˈɹiːnə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kəˈɹaɪnə/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːnə"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪnə"
}
],
"word": "carina"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "carina",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ca‧rì‧na"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian 3-syllable words",
"Italian adjective forms",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian non-lemma forms",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Italian/ina",
"Rhymes:Italian/ina/3 syllables"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "carino"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine singular of carino"
],
"links": [
[
"carino",
"carino#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaˈri.na/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ina"
}
],
"word": "carina"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Ship parts"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "carina",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: carina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: carina"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "καρίνα",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Greek: καρίνα (karína)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greek: καρίνα (karína)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "*carēna",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: *carēna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: *carēna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "carena"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: carena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: carena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "carena"
},
"expansion": "Galician: carena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: carena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "carena"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: carena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: carena"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "carène",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: carène\n→ English: careen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ French: carène\n→ English: careen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "carena",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: carena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: carena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "carena"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: carena",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: carena"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cerwyn"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: cerwyn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: cerwyn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Carinacea",
"2": "infraclass"
},
"expansion": "Carinacea",
"name": "taxfmt"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "Carinacea",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Translingual: Carinacea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Translingual: Carinacea"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ceri",
"t": "stone of a fruit"
},
"expansion": "Welsh ceri (“stone of a fruit”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κάρυον",
"t": "nut"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κάρυον (káruon, “nut”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ker-",
"t": "hard"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“hard”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱerh₂-",
"t": "head, top"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head, top”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Welsh ceri (“stone of a fruit”) and Ancient Greek κάρυον (káruon, “nut”). The earliest attested meaning is \"ship's keel\", though whether the original meaning was \"keel\" or \"walnut shell\" is unclear.\nThe further origin is disputed:\n* Borrowed from a European substrate, whence also the Welsh and Greek terms. Alternatively, borrowed from Greek, itself borrowed from said substrate.\n* From a Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“hard”), and compared further to cancer (“crab”).\n* From Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head, top”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carīna",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "carīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "carīnae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "carīna<1>"
},
"expansion": "carīna f (genitive carīnae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "carīna<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "Carīnae"
},
{
"word": "cornu"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"keel or hull of a ship"
],
"links": [
[
"keel",
"keel"
],
[
"hull",
"hull"
],
[
"ship",
"ship"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ship"
],
"links": [
[
"ship",
"ship"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) ship"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"half of a walnut shell"
],
"links": [
[
"half",
"half"
],
[
"walnut",
"walnut"
],
[
"shell",
"shell"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaˈriː.na/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[käˈriːnä]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaˈri.na/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[käˈriːnä]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "carina"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "car",
"3": "ina"
},
"expansion": "car + -ina",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From car + -ina, because customs was originally paid to the emperor.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cȁrina",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "ца̏рина",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "carina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carinama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "carine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "carini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carinama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carinom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carinama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"head": "cȁrina"
},
"expansion": "cȁrina f (Cyrillic spelling ца̏рина)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ca‧ri‧na"
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian terms suffixed with -ina",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"customs"
],
"links": [
[
"customs",
"customs"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡sârina/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9299 (srp)-Yogosp-carina.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e4/LL-Q9299_%28srp%29-Yogosp-carina.wav/LL-Q9299_%28srp%29-Yogosp-carina.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e4/LL-Q9299_%28srp%29-Yogosp-carina.wav/LL-Q9299_%28srp%29-Yogosp-carina.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Central",
"Serbia"
],
"text": "Audio (Central Serbia)"
}
],
"word": "carina"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "la",
"3": "carīna",
"4": "",
"5": "keel",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Latin carīna (“keel”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately borrowed from Latin carīna (“keel”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sk-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "carina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cariny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "cariny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carín",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "carine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carinám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "accusative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "carinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "locative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "carinách",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "instrumental",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "carinou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carinami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "carina f",
"name": "sk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"name": "sk-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Slovak entries with incorrect language header",
"Slovak feminine nouns",
"Slovak lemmas",
"Slovak nouns",
"Slovak terms borrowed from Latin",
"Slovak terms derived from Latin",
"Slovak terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Slovak terms with declension žena",
"sk:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"The keel of the breastbone of birds."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"keel",
"keel"
],
[
"breastbone",
"breastbone"
],
[
"bird",
"bird"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) The keel of the breastbone of birds."
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkariːna]"
}
],
"word": "carina"
}
Download raw JSONL data for carina meaning in All languages combined (14.3kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2447",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: nominative",
"path": [
"carina"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: nominative, style: background:#eff7ff////td",
"path": [
"carina"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2447",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: genitive",
"path": [
"carina"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: genitive, style: background:#eff7ff////td",
"path": [
"carina"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2447",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: dative",
"path": [
"carina"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: dative, style: background:#eff7ff////td",
"path": [
"carina"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2447",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: accusative",
"path": [
"carina"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: accusative, style: background:#eff7ff////td",
"path": [
"carina"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2447",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: locative",
"path": [
"carina"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: locative, style: background:#eff7ff////td",
"path": [
"carina"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2447",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: instrumental",
"path": [
"carina"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Slovak is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: instrumental, style: background:#eff7ff////td",
"path": [
"carina"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for nominative",
"path": [
"carina"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for genitive",
"path": [
"carina"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for dative",
"path": [
"carina"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for accusative",
"path": [
"carina"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for locative",
"path": [
"carina"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carina",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for instrumental",
"path": [
"carina"
],
"section": "Slovak",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "carina",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.