See calamus on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for calamus meaning in All languages combined (13.6kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "calamus",
"4": "",
"5": "reed, cane"
},
"expansion": "Latin calamus (“reed, cane”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κάλαμος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "calame",
"3": "culm",
"4": "haulm",
"5": "helm",
"6": "shawm",
"id4": "stalk",
"pos4": "Etymology 4"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of calame, culm, haulm, helm (Etymology 4), and shawm",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin calamus (“reed, cane”), from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos). Doublet of calame, culm, haulm, helm (Etymology 4), and shawm.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "calamuses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calami",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "+",
"3": "calami"
},
"expansion": "calamus (usually uncountable, plural calamuses or calami)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "42 25 14 4 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 30 17 9 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 16 11 16",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Water plants",
"orig": "en:Water plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The sweet flag, Acorus calamus."
],
"id": "en-calamus-en-noun-cfVX624A",
"links": [
[
"sweet flag",
"sweet flag"
],
[
"Acorus calamus",
"Acorus calamus#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ornithology",
"orig": "en:Ornithology",
"parents": [
"Zoology",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "30 30 17 9 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 16 11 16",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Water plants",
"orig": "en:Water plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1956, Advisory Board on Quartermaster Research and Development, The Utilization of Chicken Feathers as Filling Materials, page 9",
"text": "Thus, the four distinct feather parts that have been compared as to amino acid content to note whether or not the composition is uniform are rachis, barbs, calamus and medulla.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1969, RIC Spearman, “The epidermis and feather follicles of the king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonica) (aves)”, in Zeitschrift für Morphologie der Tiere",
"text": "In follicles late in feather growth, after rupture of the feather sheath, this canal contained the upper part of the calamus.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1969, CH Fry, “Structural and functional adaptation to display in the Standard‐winged nightjar Macrodipteryx longipennis”, in Journal of Zoology",
"text": "Chapin asserted that the calamus is firmly fixed in the wing",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A quill; the hard, horny, hollow, and more or less transparent part of the stem or scape of a feather."
],
"id": "en-calamus-en-noun-Yixi0VLu",
"links": [
[
"ornithology",
"ornithology"
],
[
"quill",
"quill"
],
[
"scape",
"scape"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ornithology) A quill; the hard, horny, hollow, and more or less transparent part of the stem or scape of a feather."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"ornithology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 30 17 9 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 16 11 16",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Water plants",
"orig": "en:Water plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fish of genus Calamus in family Sparidae; certain porgies."
],
"id": "en-calamus-en-noun-VajQS2OE",
"links": [
[
"Calamus",
"Calamus"
],
[
"Sparidae",
"Sparidae#Translingual"
],
[
"porgies",
"porgy"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 27 16 11 16",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Water plants",
"orig": "en:Water plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A palm in genus Calamus, of rattan palms."
],
"id": "en-calamus-en-noun-i0fgInnb",
"links": [
[
"Calamus",
"Calamus"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "en:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "30 30 17 9 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 16 11 16",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Water plants",
"orig": "en:Water plants",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of fistula (“tube for sucking Eucharist wine”)"
],
"id": "en-calamus-en-noun-mRNDopzG",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"fistula",
"fistula#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity, historical) Synonym of fistula (“tube for sucking Eucharist wine”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "tube for sucking Eucharist wine",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "fistula"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
}
],
"word": "calamus"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "calamārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "calamister"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "calamellus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "kallam"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: kallam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: kallam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "càlam",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: càlam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: càlam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "calamus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: calamus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: calamus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "calame",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: calame",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: calame"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "cálamo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: cálamo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: cálamo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "calamo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: calamo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: calamo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chaume"
},
"expansion": "Old French: chaume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: chaume"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "chaume"
},
"expansion": "French: chaume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: chaume"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kalmerot",
"3": "kalmusrot",
"4": "kamrot",
"bor": "1",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "→⇒ Norwegian Nynorsk: kalmerot, kalmusrot, kamrot",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→⇒ Norwegian Nynorsk: kalmerot, kalmusrot, kamrot"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "cálamo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: cálamo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: cálamo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "carâmb"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: carâmb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: carâmb"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "cálamo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: cálamo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: cálamo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kalmus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Kalmus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Kalmus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κάλαμος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱolh₂mos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱolh₂mos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "culmus"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of culmus",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "calamīna"
},
"expansion": "calamīna",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱolh₂mos. Doublet of culmus. Compare calamīna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "calamī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "calamus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calamī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calamō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calamum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calamō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calame",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "calamī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "calamus<2>"
},
"expansion": "calamus m (genitive calamī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "calamus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 19 25 17 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a reed, cane"
],
"id": "en-calamus-la-noun-AGFif~AJ",
"links": [
[
"reed",
"reed"
],
[
"cane",
"cane"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 39 7 19 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 45 9 18 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 19 25 17 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 30 20 18 23",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Grasses",
"orig": "la:Grasses",
"parents": [
"Commelinids",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 37 10 11 18",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Writing instruments",
"orig": "la:Writing instruments",
"parents": [
"Stationery",
"Tools",
"Writing",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Communication",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The pen is mightier than the sword.",
"ref": "Motto of Keio University",
"text": "Calamus gladio fortior"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an object made from a reed, such as a reed pen, arrow, or fishing rod"
],
"id": "en-calamus-la-noun-uc4u9FDd",
"links": [
[
"reed pen",
"reed pen"
],
[
"arrow",
"arrow"
],
[
"fishing rod",
"fishing rod"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) an object made from a reed, such as a reed pen, arrow, or fishing rod"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 19 25 17 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a stalk, straw, blade"
],
"id": "en-calamus-la-noun-UjxagIxI",
"links": [
[
"stalk",
"stalk"
],
[
"straw",
"straw"
],
[
"blade",
"blade"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of plants) a stalk, straw, blade"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of plants"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 19 25 17 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the hollow arm of a candelabrum"
],
"id": "en-calamus-la-noun-x8-Bd9GI",
"links": [
[
"hollow",
"hollow"
],
[
"candelabrum",
"candelabrum"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 19 25 17 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a whistle or musical pipe; sometimes specifically a blown pipe with tone holes"
],
"id": "en-calamus-la-noun-LVLPHtCs",
"links": [
[
"whistle",
"whistle"
],
[
"pipe",
"pipe"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.la.mus/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkäɫ̪ämʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.la.mus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkäːlämus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "calamus"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Water plants",
"la:Grasses",
"la:Writing instruments"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "calamus",
"4": "",
"5": "reed, cane"
},
"expansion": "Latin calamus (“reed, cane”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κάλαμος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "calame",
"3": "culm",
"4": "haulm",
"5": "helm",
"6": "shawm",
"id4": "stalk",
"pos4": "Etymology 4"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of calame, culm, haulm, helm (Etymology 4), and shawm",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin calamus (“reed, cane”), from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos). Doublet of calame, culm, haulm, helm (Etymology 4), and shawm.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "calamuses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calami",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "+",
"3": "calami"
},
"expansion": "calamus (usually uncountable, plural calamuses or calami)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The sweet flag, Acorus calamus."
],
"links": [
[
"sweet flag",
"sweet flag"
],
[
"Acorus calamus",
"Acorus calamus#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Ornithology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1956, Advisory Board on Quartermaster Research and Development, The Utilization of Chicken Feathers as Filling Materials, page 9",
"text": "Thus, the four distinct feather parts that have been compared as to amino acid content to note whether or not the composition is uniform are rachis, barbs, calamus and medulla.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1969, RIC Spearman, “The epidermis and feather follicles of the king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonica) (aves)”, in Zeitschrift für Morphologie der Tiere",
"text": "In follicles late in feather growth, after rupture of the feather sheath, this canal contained the upper part of the calamus.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1969, CH Fry, “Structural and functional adaptation to display in the Standard‐winged nightjar Macrodipteryx longipennis”, in Journal of Zoology",
"text": "Chapin asserted that the calamus is firmly fixed in the wing",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A quill; the hard, horny, hollow, and more or less transparent part of the stem or scape of a feather."
],
"links": [
[
"ornithology",
"ornithology"
],
[
"quill",
"quill"
],
[
"scape",
"scape"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ornithology) A quill; the hard, horny, hollow, and more or less transparent part of the stem or scape of a feather."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"ornithology"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A fish of genus Calamus in family Sparidae; certain porgies."
],
"links": [
[
"Calamus",
"Calamus"
],
[
"Sparidae",
"Sparidae#Translingual"
],
[
"porgies",
"porgy"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa"
],
"glosses": [
"A palm in genus Calamus, of rattan palms."
],
"links": [
[
"Calamus",
"Calamus"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"en:Christianity"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of fistula (“tube for sucking Eucharist wine”)"
],
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"fistula",
"fistula#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity, historical) Synonym of fistula (“tube for sucking Eucharist wine”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "tube for sucking Eucharist wine",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "fistula"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
}
],
"word": "calamus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin doublets",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"la:Grasses",
"la:Writing instruments"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "calamārius"
},
{
"word": "calamister"
},
{
"word": "calamellus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "kallam"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: kallam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: kallam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "càlam",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: càlam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: càlam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "calamus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: calamus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: calamus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "calame",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: calame",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: calame"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "cálamo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: cálamo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: cálamo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "calamo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: calamo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: calamo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chaume"
},
"expansion": "Old French: chaume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: chaume"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "chaume"
},
"expansion": "French: chaume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: chaume"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kalmerot",
"3": "kalmusrot",
"4": "kamrot",
"bor": "1",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "→⇒ Norwegian Nynorsk: kalmerot, kalmusrot, kamrot",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→⇒ Norwegian Nynorsk: kalmerot, kalmusrot, kamrot"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "cálamo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: cálamo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: cálamo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "carâmb"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: carâmb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: carâmb"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "cálamo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: cálamo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: cálamo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kalmus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Kalmus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Kalmus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κάλαμος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱolh₂mos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱolh₂mos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "culmus"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of culmus",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "calamīna"
},
"expansion": "calamīna",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱolh₂mos. Doublet of culmus. Compare calamīna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "calamī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "calamus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calamī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calamō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calamum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calamō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calame",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "calamī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "calamus<2>"
},
"expansion": "calamus m (genitive calamī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "calamus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a reed, cane"
],
"links": [
[
"reed",
"reed"
],
[
"cane",
"cane"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"english": "The pen is mightier than the sword.",
"ref": "Motto of Keio University",
"text": "Calamus gladio fortior"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an object made from a reed, such as a reed pen, arrow, or fishing rod"
],
"links": [
[
"reed pen",
"reed pen"
],
[
"arrow",
"arrow"
],
[
"fishing rod",
"fishing rod"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) an object made from a reed, such as a reed pen, arrow, or fishing rod"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a stalk, straw, blade"
],
"links": [
[
"stalk",
"stalk"
],
[
"straw",
"straw"
],
[
"blade",
"blade"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of plants) a stalk, straw, blade"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of plants"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the hollow arm of a candelabrum"
],
"links": [
[
"hollow",
"hollow"
],
[
"candelabrum",
"candelabrum"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a whistle or musical pipe; sometimes specifically a blown pipe with tone holes"
],
"links": [
[
"whistle",
"whistle"
],
[
"pipe",
"pipe"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.la.mus/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkäɫ̪ämʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.la.mus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkäːlämus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "calamus"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.