See calamus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "calamārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "calamister"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "calamellus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "gárabu"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "garbu"
},
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"word": "kallam"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "calamo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "chaume"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "chaume"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "carâmb"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "càlam"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kalmoes"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "calamus"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "calame"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cálamo"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Kalmus"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "kalmerot"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "kalmusrot"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "kamrot"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cálamo"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cálamo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "grc:κάλαμος",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱélh₂m̥\nAncient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos)bor.\nLatin calamus\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"reed, straw\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱélh₂m̥\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κάλαμος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"calamus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"calamus\">\nBorrowed from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos).",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "culmus"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of culmus",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱélh₂m̥\nAncient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos)bor.\nLatin calamus\nBorrowed from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos). Doublet of culmus. Compare calamīna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "calamī",
"links": [
[
"calamī",
"calami"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "calamus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamī",
"links": [
[
"calamī",
"calami#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calamī",
"links": [
[
"calamī",
"calami#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamōrum",
"links": [
[
"calamōrum",
"calamorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calamō",
"links": [
[
"calamō",
"calamo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamīs",
"links": [
[
"calamīs",
"calamis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calamum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamōs",
"links": [
[
"calamōs",
"calamos#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calamō",
"links": [
[
"calamō",
"calamo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamīs",
"links": [
[
"calamīs",
"calamis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calame",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "calamī",
"links": [
[
"calamī",
"calami#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "calamus<2>"
},
"expansion": "calamus m (genitive calamī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "calamus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 21 19 21 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a reed, cane"
],
"id": "en-calamus-la-noun-AGFif~AJ",
"links": [
[
"reed",
"reed"
],
[
"cane",
"cane"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 13 8 19 8 10 0 16 0 1 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 46 3 8 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 46 3 8 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 49 3 3 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 48 2 9 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 21 19 21 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 43 4 10 38",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Grasses",
"orig": "la:Grasses",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 26 9 24 31",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Writing instruments",
"orig": "la:Writing instruments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The pen is mightier than the sword.",
"ref": "Motto of Keio University",
"text": "Calamus gladio fortior",
"translation": "The pen is mightier than the sword."
}
],
"glosses": [
"an object made from a reed, such as a reed pen, arrow, or fishing rod"
],
"id": "en-calamus-la-noun-uc4u9FDd",
"links": [
[
"reed pen",
"reed pen"
],
[
"arrow",
"arrow"
],
[
"fishing rod",
"fishing rod"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) an object made from a reed, such as a reed pen, arrow, or fishing rod"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 21 19 21 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a stalk, straw, blade"
],
"id": "en-calamus-la-noun-UjxagIxI",
"links": [
[
"stalk",
"stalk"
],
[
"straw",
"straw"
],
[
"blade",
"blade"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of plants) a stalk, straw, blade"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of plants"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 21 19 21 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 43 4 10 38",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Grasses",
"orig": "la:Grasses",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 26 9 24 31",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Writing instruments",
"orig": "la:Writing instruments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the hollow arm of a candelabrum"
],
"id": "en-calamus-la-noun-x8-Bd9GI",
"links": [
[
"hollow",
"hollow"
],
[
"candelabrum",
"candelabrum"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 13 8 19 8 10 0 16 0 1 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 46 3 8 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 46 3 8 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 49 3 3 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 48 2 9 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 21 19 21 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 43 4 10 38",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Grasses",
"orig": "la:Grasses",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 26 9 24 31",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Writing instruments",
"orig": "la:Writing instruments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a whistle or musical pipe; sometimes specifically a blown pipe with tone holes"
],
"id": "en-calamus-la-noun-LVLPHtCs",
"links": [
[
"whistle",
"whistle"
],
[
"pipe",
"pipe"
],
[
"pipe",
"pipe"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈka.ɫa.mʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkaː.la.mus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "calamus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin doublets",
"Latin entries with etymology texts",
"Latin entries with etymology trees",
"Latin entries with etymon",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
"Latin terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱélh₂m̥",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"la:Grasses",
"la:Writing instruments"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "calamārius"
},
{
"word": "calamister"
},
{
"word": "calamellus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "gárabu"
},
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "garbu"
},
{
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"word": "kallam"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "calamo"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "chaume"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"word": "chaume"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "carâmb"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "càlam"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kalmoes"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "calamus"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "calame"
},
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cálamo"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Kalmus"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "kalmerot"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "kalmusrot"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "kamrot"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cálamo"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cálamo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "grc:κάλαμος",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱélh₂m̥\nAncient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos)bor.\nLatin calamus\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"reed, straw\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱélh₂m̥\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κάλαμος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"calamus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"calamus\">\nBorrowed from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos).",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "culmus"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of culmus",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱélh₂m̥\nAncient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos)bor.\nLatin calamus\nBorrowed from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos). Doublet of culmus. Compare calamīna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "calamī",
"links": [
[
"calamī",
"calami"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "calamus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamī",
"links": [
[
"calamī",
"calami#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calamī",
"links": [
[
"calamī",
"calami#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamōrum",
"links": [
[
"calamōrum",
"calamorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calamō",
"links": [
[
"calamō",
"calamo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamīs",
"links": [
[
"calamīs",
"calamis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calamum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamōs",
"links": [
[
"calamōs",
"calamos#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calamō",
"links": [
[
"calamō",
"calamo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "calamīs",
"links": [
[
"calamīs",
"calamis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "calame",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "calamī",
"links": [
[
"calamī",
"calami#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "calamus<2>"
},
"expansion": "calamus m (genitive calamī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "calamus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a reed, cane"
],
"links": [
[
"reed",
"reed"
],
[
"cane",
"cane"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"english": "The pen is mightier than the sword.",
"ref": "Motto of Keio University",
"text": "Calamus gladio fortior",
"translation": "The pen is mightier than the sword."
}
],
"glosses": [
"an object made from a reed, such as a reed pen, arrow, or fishing rod"
],
"links": [
[
"reed pen",
"reed pen"
],
[
"arrow",
"arrow"
],
[
"fishing rod",
"fishing rod"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) an object made from a reed, such as a reed pen, arrow, or fishing rod"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a stalk, straw, blade"
],
"links": [
[
"stalk",
"stalk"
],
[
"straw",
"straw"
],
[
"blade",
"blade"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of plants) a stalk, straw, blade"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of plants"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the hollow arm of a candelabrum"
],
"links": [
[
"hollow",
"hollow"
],
[
"candelabrum",
"candelabrum"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a whistle or musical pipe; sometimes specifically a blown pipe with tone holes"
],
"links": [
[
"whistle",
"whistle"
],
[
"pipe",
"pipe"
],
[
"pipe",
"pipe"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈka.ɫa.mʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkaː.la.mus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "calamus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for calamus meaning in Latin (6.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.