"acrasia" meaning in All languages combined

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        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "acrasia",
        "t": "lack of temperance"
      },
      "expansion": "Learned borrowing from Late Latin acrasia (“lack of temperance”)",
      "name": "lbor"
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        "3": "ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱ",
        "notext": "1",
        "t": "bad mixture"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱ (akrāsíā, “bad mixture”)",
      "name": "lbor"
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        "3": "*ḱerh₂-",
        "t": "head, top; horn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head, top; horn”)",
      "name": "der"
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        "2": "acrasy"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of acrasy",
      "name": "doublet"
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  "etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Late Latin acrasia (“lack of temperance”), and from its etymon Ancient Greek ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱ (akrāsíā, “bad mixture”), from ἄκρᾱτος (ákrātos, “pure, unmixed; of a person: intemperate, violent”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā, suffix forming feminine abstract nouns). Ἄκρᾱτος (Ákrātos) is derived from ᾰ̓- (a-, prefix forming terms having a sense opposite to the stems or words to which it is attached) + κεράννυμι (keránnumi, “to blend, mix; to cool or temper by mixing”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head, top; horn”)) + -τος (-tos, suffix forming adjectives). Doublet of acrasy.",
  "head_templates": [
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      "expansion": "acrasia (uncountable)",
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  "hyphenation": [
    "acras‧ia"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
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      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "acrasial"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1774, Thomas Pennant, “[Ard-maddie]”, in A Tour in Scotland, and Voyage to the Hebrides; MDCCXXII, Chester, Cheshire: […] John Monk, →OCLC, page 428",
          "roman": "A personification, referring to Spenser’s Faerie Queene: see the 1590 quotation.",
          "text": "VVaſte your hours in the lap of diſſipation: reſign yourſelf up to the faſcinations of Acrasia; and ſport in the Bovver of Bliss. Cover your tables vvith delicacies, at the expence of your famiſhed clans.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "[1842, John Fletcher, “Proximate Cause”, in John J. Drysdale, John R. Russell, editors, Elements of General Pathology, Edinburgh: MacLachlan, Stewart, & Company, →OCLC, pages 158-159",
          "text": "It has been already remarked, that, by the humoral pathologists, organic diseases in general, and of course inflammation, were attributed to an akrasia or intemperies, consisting in an inordinate flow to certain organs of one or other of the four principal fluids of the body; that of blood producing the phlegmenous inflammation; that of yellow bile, the erythematic, or, as they call it, the erysipelatous; that of the black bile, the scirrhous; that that of the phlegm, the leucophlegmatic, or œdematous, an affection now known to be not of itself inflammatory, although a frequent consequence of inflammation.\nUsed to refer to an excess of humour in a body organ, according to the obsolete theory of humorism.]",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1988, Charles H. Kahn, “On the Relative Date of the Gorgias and the Protagoras”, in Julia Annas, editor, Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy, volume VI, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, page 84",
          "text": "The psychological doctrine of the Gorgias is more mature. It recognizes the presence in the soul of irrational or good-independent desires (epithymiai), and represents the virtuous soul as one characterized by harmony and order, which requires the restraining of desire […] The Protagoras, by contrast, denies the reality of acrasia and thus implicitly denies the existence of good-independent desires.\nBoth the Gorgias and Protagoras are dialogues of Plato.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2020, Aimar Rollan, “Acrasia”, in Karla Nallely, transl., Reflex: Reflections, Poems and Other Stories, [Hackensack, N.J.]: Babelcube",
          "text": "The root of all character weaknesses and all addictions is in acrasia; the root of failure also underlies acrasia, along with the personal ruins they become many lives due to this inclination to incontinence and to the cessation of the virtue of crasia – […] crasia is the virtue of force of self-control. The anecdote is told, to illustrate this concept, of the great French writer Victor Hugo, that he had to finish writing a novel within a certain period at the demands of his publisher, but this great character was very given to go out, socialize and district himself with other tasks – with the consequent waste of time and energy to write that this supposes – so, unable to beat his acrasia directly, he opted for an indirect way to beat it: he put all his clothes in a cupboard that was locked so that he could not go outside.",
          "type": "quotation"
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      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Lack of self-control; excess, intemperance; also, irregular or unruly behaviour."
      ],
      "id": "en-acrasia-en-noun-FDDqgZ1S",
      "links": [
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          "Lack",
          "lack#Noun"
        ],
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          "self-control",
          "self-control#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "excess",
          "excess#Noun"
        ],
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          "intemperance",
          "intemperance"
        ],
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          "irregular",
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        ],
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          "unruly",
          "unruly"
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          "behavior"
        ]
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      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, rare) Lack of self-control; excess, intemperance; also, irregular or unruly behaviour."
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "acrasy"
        },
        {
          "word": "dyscrasia"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "acrasy"
        },
        {
          "word": "immoderation"
        },
        {
          "word": "incontinence"
        },
        {
          "word": "excess"
        }
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      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "akrasia"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "wilszwakte"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
          "word": "akrasia"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
          "word": "kärsimättömyys"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Akrasia"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "innerer Schweinehund"
        },
        {
          "code": "got",
          "lang": "Gothic",
          "roman": "ungahōbains",
          "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "𐌿𐌽𐌲𐌰𐌷𐍉𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃"
        },
        {
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "akrāsíā",
          "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱ"
        },
        {
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "bi-extiyâri",
          "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
          "word": "بیاختیاری"
        },
        {
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "ziyâde-ravi",
          "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
          "word": "زیادهروی"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "akrasia"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "acrasia"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "akrázija",
          "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "акра́зия"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "acrasia"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "irregular or unruly behaviour",
          "word": "kurittomuus"
        }
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      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
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    },
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      "ipa": "/-ˈkɹæ-/",
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      "tags": [
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    },
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      "homophone": "akrasia"
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  "wikipedia": [
    "Edmund Spenser",
    "The Faerie Queene"
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  "word": "acrasia"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "A variant of akrasia.",
  "forms": [
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      "form": "acrasias",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(“(uncountable) lack of physical or (especially) mental strength; poor willpower; also, the tendency to act contrary to one's better judgment; (countable) an instance of this”)",
          "word": "akrasia"
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        {
          "ref": "1972 summer, Arthur Cody, “Weakness of the Will”, in Synergist: A Publication of the Office of Academic Affairs, volume 5, number 2, Chicago, Ill.: Northeastern Illinois University, →OCLC, page 115",
          "text": "What I think this depicts is a relationship between the reasons we have to act and the action we do. This problem of acrasia suggests that sometimes we have those reasons. We think smoking is bad for health so the action we would expect is that we would refrain from smoking. Instead, we smoke.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1989, A[nthony] W[illiam] Price, “Aristotle on the Varieties of Friendship”, in Love and Friendship in Plato and Aristotle, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, page 144",
          "text": "So when the badness of a poor doctor or actor is said to be 'similar by analogy' to badness proper[…], and this is used to shed light on the 'similarity' between acrasia proper and the acrasias in respect of anger, honour, and gain[…], the thought must be that a bad doctor stands to doctoring more or less as a bad man stands to action, while a choleric acratic stands to anger more or less as an acratic proper stands to bodily pleasure.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1994, John M[ichael] Rist, “Soul, Body and Personal Identity”, in Augustine: Ancient Thought Baptized, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, published 2000, page 137",
          "text": "Augustine's original interpretation of our human condition is that we struggle and fail to do what we want to do and know that we ought to do – the classical problem of weakness of will or acrasia. […] We recognize acrasia in ourselves […] it is an acrasia which is tied to specific weaknesses: the man who yearns for vodka, and who tries and fails to limit his vodka-intake, may have no serious difficulty in avoiding over-eating.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1995, A[nthony] W[illiam] Price, “Plato”, in Mental Conflict (Issues in Ancient Philosophy), London; New York, N.Y.: Routledge, page 92",
          "text": "I earlier […] introduced a notion of ‘hard acrasia’, that is, of a conscious failure to live up to what I judge to be best in what I desire most, choose, and do. We need to distinguish this from ‘soft acrasia’: in cases of soft acrasia, the agent’s perception is dimmed and his judgement deflected, so that he acts in a way that he would not have chosen in a cool hour, with judgement and perception unimpaired, and yet not with conscious contrariety to an occurrent choice, in cases of hard acrasia, his perception is clear, his judgement unequivocal—and yet, out of weakness, he acts otherwise.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1995, Gregory Vlastos, “Socrates on Acrasia”, in Daniel W. Graham, editor, Studies in Greek Philosophy, volumes II (Socrates, Plato, and Their Tradition), Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, part 1 (Socrates), page 50",
          "text": "Socrates undertakes to press this indictment against that explanation of acrasia which he takes to be by far the most common of all: that men who know the better will do the worse because they are \"overcome\" or \"defeated\" by desire for pleasures.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of akrasia (“(uncountable) lack of physical or (especially) mental strength; poor willpower; also, the tendency to act contrary to one's better judgment; (countable) an instance of this”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-acrasia-en-noun-E5d2JaYS",
      "links": [
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          "philosophy",
          "philosophy"
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        [
          "akrasia",
          "akrasia#English"
        ],
        [
          "lack",
          "lack#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "physical",
          "physical#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "mental",
          "mental#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "strength",
          "strength#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "poor",
          "poor#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "willpower",
          "willpower"
        ],
        [
          "tendency",
          "tendency"
        ],
        [
          "act",
          "act#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "contrary to",
          "contrary to"
        ],
        [
          "better",
          "good#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "judgment",
          "judgment"
        ],
        [
          "instance",
          "instance#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(philosophy) Alternative spelling of akrasia (“(uncountable) lack of physical or (especially) mental strength; poor willpower; also, the tendency to act contrary to one's better judgment; (countable) an instance of this”)"
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "acratic"
        },
        {
          "word": "acratically"
        }
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      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "philosophy",
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      "tags": [
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      "ipa": "/-ˈkɹæ-/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
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    {
      "homophone": "akrasia"
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  "word": "acrasia"
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  "hyphenation": [
    "a‧cra‧si‧a"
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{
  "categories": [
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    "English countable nouns",
    "English doublets",
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    "English learned borrowings from Ancient Greek",
    "English learned borrowings from Late Latin",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms borrowed from Late Latin",
    "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from Late Latin",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *-éh₂",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *n̥-",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱerh₂-",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Gothic translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "acrasial"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*n̥-",
        "4": "*ḱerh₂-",
        "5": "*-éh₂"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "acrasia",
        "t": "lack of temperance"
      },
      "expansion": "Learned borrowing from Late Latin acrasia (“lack of temperance”)",
      "name": "lbor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "etymon"
      },
      "expansion": "etymon",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱ",
        "notext": "1",
        "t": "bad mixture"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱ (akrāsíā, “bad mixture”)",
      "name": "lbor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "feminine"
      },
      "expansion": "feminine",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "abstract noun"
      },
      "expansion": "abstract noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "prefix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱerh₂-",
        "t": "head, top; horn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head, top; horn”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "adjective",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "acrasy"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of acrasy",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Late Latin acrasia (“lack of temperance”), and from its etymon Ancient Greek ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱ (akrāsíā, “bad mixture”), from ἄκρᾱτος (ákrātos, “pure, unmixed; of a person: intemperate, violent”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā, suffix forming feminine abstract nouns). Ἄκρᾱτος (Ákrātos) is derived from ᾰ̓- (a-, prefix forming terms having a sense opposite to the stems or words to which it is attached) + κεράννυμι (keránnumi, “to blend, mix; to cool or temper by mixing”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head, top; horn”)) + -τος (-tos, suffix forming adjectives). Doublet of acrasy.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "acrasia (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "acras‧ia"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "acrasy"
    },
    {
      "word": "dyscrasia"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1774, Thomas Pennant, “[Ard-maddie]”, in A Tour in Scotland, and Voyage to the Hebrides; MDCCXXII, Chester, Cheshire: […] John Monk, →OCLC, page 428",
          "roman": "A personification, referring to Spenser’s Faerie Queene: see the 1590 quotation.",
          "text": "VVaſte your hours in the lap of diſſipation: reſign yourſelf up to the faſcinations of Acrasia; and ſport in the Bovver of Bliss. Cover your tables vvith delicacies, at the expence of your famiſhed clans.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "[1842, John Fletcher, “Proximate Cause”, in John J. Drysdale, John R. Russell, editors, Elements of General Pathology, Edinburgh: MacLachlan, Stewart, & Company, →OCLC, pages 158-159",
          "text": "It has been already remarked, that, by the humoral pathologists, organic diseases in general, and of course inflammation, were attributed to an akrasia or intemperies, consisting in an inordinate flow to certain organs of one or other of the four principal fluids of the body; that of blood producing the phlegmenous inflammation; that of yellow bile, the erythematic, or, as they call it, the erysipelatous; that of the black bile, the scirrhous; that that of the phlegm, the leucophlegmatic, or œdematous, an affection now known to be not of itself inflammatory, although a frequent consequence of inflammation.\nUsed to refer to an excess of humour in a body organ, according to the obsolete theory of humorism.]",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1988, Charles H. Kahn, “On the Relative Date of the Gorgias and the Protagoras”, in Julia Annas, editor, Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy, volume VI, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, page 84",
          "text": "The psychological doctrine of the Gorgias is more mature. It recognizes the presence in the soul of irrational or good-independent desires (epithymiai), and represents the virtuous soul as one characterized by harmony and order, which requires the restraining of desire […] The Protagoras, by contrast, denies the reality of acrasia and thus implicitly denies the existence of good-independent desires.\nBoth the Gorgias and Protagoras are dialogues of Plato.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2020, Aimar Rollan, “Acrasia”, in Karla Nallely, transl., Reflex: Reflections, Poems and Other Stories, [Hackensack, N.J.]: Babelcube",
          "text": "The root of all character weaknesses and all addictions is in acrasia; the root of failure also underlies acrasia, along with the personal ruins they become many lives due to this inclination to incontinence and to the cessation of the virtue of crasia – […] crasia is the virtue of force of self-control. The anecdote is told, to illustrate this concept, of the great French writer Victor Hugo, that he had to finish writing a novel within a certain period at the demands of his publisher, but this great character was very given to go out, socialize and district himself with other tasks – with the consequent waste of time and energy to write that this supposes – so, unable to beat his acrasia directly, he opted for an indirect way to beat it: he put all his clothes in a cupboard that was locked so that he could not go outside.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Lack of self-control; excess, intemperance; also, irregular or unruly behaviour."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Lack",
          "lack#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "self-control",
          "self-control#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "excess",
          "excess#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "intemperance",
          "intemperance"
        ],
        [
          "irregular",
          "irregular#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "unruly",
          "unruly"
        ],
        [
          "behaviour",
          "behavior"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, rare) Lack of self-control; excess, intemperance; also, irregular or unruly behaviour."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "acrasy"
        },
        {
          "word": "immoderation"
        },
        {
          "word": "incontinence"
        },
        {
          "word": "excess"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "rare",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/əˈkrɹeɪ.zɪ.ə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-ˈkɹæ-/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/əˈkrɹeɪ.zi.ə/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "akrasia"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-acrasia.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-acrasia.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-acrasia.wav.mp3",
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    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "akrasia"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "wilszwakte"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
      "word": "akrasia"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
      "word": "kärsimättömyys"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Akrasia"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "innerer Schweinehund"
    },
    {
      "code": "got",
      "lang": "Gothic",
      "roman": "ungahōbains",
      "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "𐌿𐌽𐌲𐌰𐌷𐍉𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "akrāsíā",
      "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ᾰ̓κρᾱσῐ́ᾱ"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "bi-extiyâri",
      "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
      "word": "بیاختیاری"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "ziyâde-ravi",
      "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
      "word": "زیادهروی"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "akrasia"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "acrasia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "akrázija",
      "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "акра́зия"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "lack of self-control — see also excess, intemperance",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "acrasia"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "irregular or unruly behaviour",
      "word": "kurittomuus"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Edmund Spenser",
    "The Faerie Queene"
  ],
  "word": "acrasia"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 4-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "English uncountable nouns"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "A variant of akrasia.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "acrasias",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
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      "expansion": "acrasia (countable and uncountable, plural acrasias)",
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  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "acras‧ia"
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "acratic"
    },
    {
      "word": "acratically"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(“(uncountable) lack of physical or (especially) mental strength; poor willpower; also, the tendency to act contrary to one's better judgment; (countable) an instance of this”)",
          "word": "akrasia"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Philosophy"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1972 summer, Arthur Cody, “Weakness of the Will”, in Synergist: A Publication of the Office of Academic Affairs, volume 5, number 2, Chicago, Ill.: Northeastern Illinois University, →OCLC, page 115",
          "text": "What I think this depicts is a relationship between the reasons we have to act and the action we do. This problem of acrasia suggests that sometimes we have those reasons. We think smoking is bad for health so the action we would expect is that we would refrain from smoking. Instead, we smoke.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1989, A[nthony] W[illiam] Price, “Aristotle on the Varieties of Friendship”, in Love and Friendship in Plato and Aristotle, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, page 144",
          "text": "So when the badness of a poor doctor or actor is said to be 'similar by analogy' to badness proper[…], and this is used to shed light on the 'similarity' between acrasia proper and the acrasias in respect of anger, honour, and gain[…], the thought must be that a bad doctor stands to doctoring more or less as a bad man stands to action, while a choleric acratic stands to anger more or less as an acratic proper stands to bodily pleasure.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1994, John M[ichael] Rist, “Soul, Body and Personal Identity”, in Augustine: Ancient Thought Baptized, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, published 2000, page 137",
          "text": "Augustine's original interpretation of our human condition is that we struggle and fail to do what we want to do and know that we ought to do – the classical problem of weakness of will or acrasia. […] We recognize acrasia in ourselves […] it is an acrasia which is tied to specific weaknesses: the man who yearns for vodka, and who tries and fails to limit his vodka-intake, may have no serious difficulty in avoiding over-eating.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1995, A[nthony] W[illiam] Price, “Plato”, in Mental Conflict (Issues in Ancient Philosophy), London; New York, N.Y.: Routledge, page 92",
          "text": "I earlier […] introduced a notion of ‘hard acrasia’, that is, of a conscious failure to live up to what I judge to be best in what I desire most, choose, and do. We need to distinguish this from ‘soft acrasia’: in cases of soft acrasia, the agent’s perception is dimmed and his judgement deflected, so that he acts in a way that he would not have chosen in a cool hour, with judgement and perception unimpaired, and yet not with conscious contrariety to an occurrent choice, in cases of hard acrasia, his perception is clear, his judgement unequivocal—and yet, out of weakness, he acts otherwise.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1995, Gregory Vlastos, “Socrates on Acrasia”, in Daniel W. Graham, editor, Studies in Greek Philosophy, volumes II (Socrates, Plato, and Their Tradition), Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, part 1 (Socrates), page 50",
          "text": "Socrates undertakes to press this indictment against that explanation of acrasia which he takes to be by far the most common of all: that men who know the better will do the worse because they are \"overcome\" or \"defeated\" by desire for pleasures.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of akrasia (“(uncountable) lack of physical or (especially) mental strength; poor willpower; also, the tendency to act contrary to one's better judgment; (countable) an instance of this”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "philosophy",
          "philosophy"
        ],
        [
          "akrasia",
          "akrasia#English"
        ],
        [
          "lack",
          "lack#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "physical",
          "physical#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "mental",
          "mental#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "strength",
          "strength#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "poor",
          "poor#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "willpower",
          "willpower"
        ],
        [
          "tendency",
          "tendency"
        ],
        [
          "act",
          "act#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "contrary to",
          "contrary to"
        ],
        [
          "better",
          "good#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "judgment",
          "judgment"
        ],
        [
          "instance",
          "instance#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(philosophy) Alternative spelling of akrasia (“(uncountable) lack of physical or (especially) mental strength; poor willpower; also, the tendency to act contrary to one's better judgment; (countable) an instance of this”)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "philosophy",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/əˈkrɹeɪ.zɪ.ə/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-ˈkɹæ-/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/əˈkrɹeɪ.zi.ə/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "akrasia"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-acrasia.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-acrasia.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-acrasia.wav.mp3",
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    }
  ],
  "word": "acrasia"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
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        "1": "f",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "acrasia f (uncountable)",
      "name": "pt-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "a‧cra‧si‧a"
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Portuguese 4-syllable words",
        "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Portuguese feminine nouns",
        "Portuguese lemmas",
        "Portuguese nouns",
        "Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Portuguese uncountable nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "acrasia (lack of self-control)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
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          "acrasia#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "uncountable"
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    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
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      "ipa": "/a.kɾaˈzi.ɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/a.kɾaˈzi.ɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/a.kɾaˈzi.a/",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɐ.kɾɐˈzi.ɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "acrasia"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
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  ],
  "lang": "Spanish",
  "lang_code": "es",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
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      "categories": [
        "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Spanish feminine nouns",
        "Spanish lemmas",
        "Spanish nouns",
        "Spanish uncountable nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "acrasia (lack of self-control)"
      ],
      "links": [
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          "acrasia#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "uncountable"
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    }
  ],
  "word": "acrasia"
}