"abhor" meaning in All languages combined

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "abhorrable"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "abhorration"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵʰers-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "abhorren"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English abhorren",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "abhorrer"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French abhorrer",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "abhorreō",
        "4": "",
        "5": "shrink away from in horror"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin abhorreō (“shrink away from in horror”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ab",
        "3": "horreō",
        "gloss1": "from",
        "gloss2": "stand aghast, bristle with fear",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "ab- (“from”) + horreō (“stand aghast, bristle with fear”)",
      "name": "prefix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First attested in 1449, from Middle English abhorren, borrowed from Middle French abhorrer, from Latin abhorreō (“shrink away from in horror”), from ab- (“from”) + horreō (“stand aghast, bristle with fear”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "abhors",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abhorring",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abhorred",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abhorred",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abhor",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "++"
      },
      "expansion": "abhor (third-person singular simple present abhors, present participle abhorring, simple past and past participle abhorred)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "old": "1",
        "stem": "abhorr"
      },
      "name": "en-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "abhorred"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "abhorrence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "abhorrency"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "abhorrent"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "abhorrently"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "abhorrer"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "abhorrible"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "abhorring"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 8 11 33 14 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 8 11 34 14 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 18 2 17 29 1",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "en:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "I absolutely abhor being stuck in traffic jams.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Romans 12:9:",
          "text": "Let loue bee without dissimulation: abhorre that which is euill, cleaue to that which is good.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2003 April 20, Henry G. Brinton, “A Congregation Divided”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-01-28:",
          "text": "I have risked alienating some members with criticism of the war, reminding them, for example, that the Lord abhors our worship of the false gods of Western affluence, worldly power and high technology. I agree with Michael J. Easley, the senior pastor-teacher of Immanuel Bible Church in Springfield, when he says, \"I think my 'job' is to clearly teach the Scriptures, not be persuaded by what may or may not be our people's views.\"",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To regard (someone or something) as horrifying or detestable; to feel great repugnance toward."
      ],
      "id": "en-abhor-en-verb-qIXED6Rg",
      "links": [
        [
          "horrifying",
          "horrifying"
        ],
        [
          "detestable",
          "detestable"
        ],
        [
          "repugnance",
          "repugnance"
        ],
        [
          "The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles",
          "w:Shorter Oxford English Dictionary"
        ],
        [
          "Oxford University Press",
          "w:Oxford University Press"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To regard (someone or something) as horrifying or detestable; to feel great repugnance toward."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "detest"
        },
        {
          "word": "disdain"
        },
        {
          "word": "loathe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 3 3 8 5 1",
          "sense": "to regard as horrifying or detestable",
          "word": "hate"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "om",
          "lang": "Afan Oromo",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "balfuu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "atel",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "ատել"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "otvraštavam se",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "отвращавам се"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "gnusja se",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "гнуся се"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "avorrir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "tònghèn",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "痛恨"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "verafschuwen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "walgen van"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "gruwen van"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "abomeni"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "malamegi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "inhota"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "avoir horreur de"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "abhorrer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "verabscheuen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "tags": [
            "formal"
          ],
          "word": "abhorrieren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "stugéō",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "στυγέω"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "ti'év",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "תִּעֵב"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "ghŕṇā karnā",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "घृणा करना"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "irtózik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "iszonyodik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "viszolyog"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "gyűlöl"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "abominar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "membenci"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "adhfhuathaigh"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "aborrire"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "abominare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "imu",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "忌む"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "abhorreō"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "abōminor"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "konekone"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "whakahouhou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "avsky"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "aborrir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "czuć odrazę"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "nie cierpieć"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "abominar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "detestar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "abhora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "detesta"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "urî"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "disprețui"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "nenavídetʹ",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "ненави́деть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "pitátʹ otvraščénije",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "пита́ть отвраще́ние"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "gràinich"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "fuathaich"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "aborrecer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "detestar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "abominar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "avsky"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "glìiat",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "เกลียด"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "glìat chang",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "เกลียดชัง"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "chang",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "ชัง"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "kae-ya-kae-yaeng",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "ขยะแขยง"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "nefret etmek"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "moralʹno nenavydity",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "морально ненавидіти"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "ghŕṇā karnā",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "گھرنا کرنا"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "ghét cay ghét đắng"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "60 22 3 1 11 2",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
          "word": "cashau"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "33 18 2 17 29 1",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "en:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii], page 332, column 2:",
          "text": "But neuer taynt my Loue. I cannot say Whore,\nIt do's abhorre me now I speake the word,\nTo do the Act, that might the addition earne,\nNot the worlds Masse of vanitie could make me.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To fill with horror or disgust."
      ],
      "id": "en-abhor-en-verb-HEWwQsEd",
      "links": [
        [
          "disgust",
          "disgust"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, obsolete, impersonal) To fill with horror or disgust."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "obsolete",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 8 11 33 14 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 8 11 34 14 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To turn aside or avoid; to keep away from; to reject."
      ],
      "id": "en-abhor-en-verb-TuVdZNdi",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To turn aside or avoid; to keep away from; to reject."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "27 5 35 24 6 4",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to reject with disdain",
          "word": "verwerpen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "27 5 35 24 6 4",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to reject with disdain",
          "word": "respinge cu dispreț"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 4 15 32 16 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 6 9 39 11 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 9 13 38 18 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 4 7 42 16 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 9 15 27 12 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 9 11 34 14 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 9 12 33 14 5",
          "kind": "other",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 18 2 17 29 1",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "en:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
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      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1613 (date written), William Shakespeare, [John Fletcher], “The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eight”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv], page 216, column 2:",
          "text": "I vtterly abhorre; yea, from my Soule\nRefuse you for my Iudge, whom yet once more\nI hold my most malicious Foe, and thinke not\nAt all a Friend to truth.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To protest against; to reject solemnly."
      ],
      "id": "en-abhor-en-verb-1nxzM0Hj",
      "links": [
        [
          "protest",
          "protest"
        ],
        [
          "solemnly",
          "solemnly"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "canon law",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, canon law, obsolete) To protest against; to reject solemnly."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
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        {
          "_dis": "29 8 11 33 14 6",
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        {
          "_dis": "33 18 2 17 29 1",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "en:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1531, Thomas Elyot, “That all daunsinge is nat to be reproued”, in Ernest Rhys, editor, The Boke Named the Governour […] (Everyman’s Library), London: J[oseph] M[alaby] Dent & Co; New York, N.Y.: E[dward] P[ayson] Dutton & Co, published [1907], →OCLC, 1st book, page 86:",
          "text": "Also in those daunces were enterlased dities of wanton loue or ribaudry, with frequent remembrance of the moste vile idolis Venus and Bacchus, as it were that the daunce were to their honour and memorie, whiche most of all abhorred from Christes religion, sauerynge the auncient errour of paganysme.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1644, J[ohn] M[ilton], chapter VII, in The Doctrine or Discipline of Divorce: […], 2nd edition, London: [s.n.], →OCLC, book II, page 46:",
          "text": "Either then the law by harmless and needful dispenses, which the gospel is now made to deny, must have anticipated and exceeded the grace of the gospel, or else must be found to have given politic and superficial graces without real pardon, saying in general, “do this and live,” and yet deceiving and damning underhand with unsound and hollow permissions; which is utterly abhorring from the end of all law, as hath been shewed.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To feel horror, disgust, or dislike (towards); to be contrary or averse (to); construed with from."
      ],
      "id": "en-abhor-en-verb-LaUWaLb6",
      "links": [
        [
          "disgust",
          "disgust"
        ],
        [
          "dislike",
          "dislike"
        ],
        [
          "contrary",
          "contrary"
        ],
        [
          "averse",
          "averse"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, obsolete) To feel horror, disgust, or dislike (towards); to be contrary or averse (to); construed with from."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Differ entirely from."
      ],
      "id": "en-abhor-en-verb-L-aZgjdo",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, obsolete) Differ entirely from."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/əbˈhɔː/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/əbˈɔː/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/æbˈhɔɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/əbˈhɔɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-uk-abhor.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/En-uk-abhor.ogg/En-uk-abhor.ogg.mp3",
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      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/En-us-abhor.ogg"
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      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/En-ca-abhor.ogg"
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      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-au-abhor.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "abhor"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Middle French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰers-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hebrew translations",
    "Terms with Hindi translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Ido translations",
    "Terms with Indonesian translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Maori translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian translations",
    "Terms with Occitan translations",
    "Terms with Oromo translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Thai translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Urdu translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
    "Terms with Welsh translations",
    "en:Emotions"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "abhorrable"
    },
    {
      "word": "abhorration"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵʰers-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "abhorren"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English abhorren",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "abhorrer"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French abhorrer",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "abhorreō",
        "4": "",
        "5": "shrink away from in horror"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin abhorreō (“shrink away from in horror”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ab",
        "3": "horreō",
        "gloss1": "from",
        "gloss2": "stand aghast, bristle with fear",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "ab- (“from”) + horreō (“stand aghast, bristle with fear”)",
      "name": "prefix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "First attested in 1449, from Middle English abhorren, borrowed from Middle French abhorrer, from Latin abhorreō (“shrink away from in horror”), from ab- (“from”) + horreō (“stand aghast, bristle with fear”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "abhors",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abhorring",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abhorred",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abhorred",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "abhor",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "++"
      },
      "expansion": "abhor (third-person singular simple present abhors, present participle abhorring, simple past and past participle abhorred)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "old": "1",
        "stem": "abhorr"
      },
      "name": "en-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "abhorred"
    },
    {
      "word": "abhorrence"
    },
    {
      "word": "abhorrency"
    },
    {
      "word": "abhorrent"
    },
    {
      "word": "abhorrently"
    },
    {
      "word": "abhorrer"
    },
    {
      "word": "abhorrible"
    },
    {
      "word": "abhorring"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "I absolutely abhor being stuck in traffic jams.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Romans 12:9:",
          "text": "Let loue bee without dissimulation: abhorre that which is euill, cleaue to that which is good.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2003 April 20, Henry G. Brinton, “A Congregation Divided”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-01-28:",
          "text": "I have risked alienating some members with criticism of the war, reminding them, for example, that the Lord abhors our worship of the false gods of Western affluence, worldly power and high technology. I agree with Michael J. Easley, the senior pastor-teacher of Immanuel Bible Church in Springfield, when he says, \"I think my 'job' is to clearly teach the Scriptures, not be persuaded by what may or may not be our people's views.\"",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To regard (someone or something) as horrifying or detestable; to feel great repugnance toward."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "horrifying",
          "horrifying"
        ],
        [
          "detestable",
          "detestable"
        ],
        [
          "repugnance",
          "repugnance"
        ],
        [
          "The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles",
          "w:Shorter Oxford English Dictionary"
        ],
        [
          "Oxford University Press",
          "w:Oxford University Press"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To regard (someone or something) as horrifying or detestable; to feel great repugnance toward."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "detest"
        },
        {
          "word": "disdain"
        },
        {
          "word": "loathe"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English impersonal verbs",
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii], page 332, column 2:",
          "text": "But neuer taynt my Loue. I cannot say Whore,\nIt do's abhorre me now I speake the word,\nTo do the Act, that might the addition earne,\nNot the worlds Masse of vanitie could make me.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To fill with horror or disgust."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "disgust",
          "disgust"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, obsolete, impersonal) To fill with horror or disgust."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "obsolete",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To turn aside or avoid; to keep away from; to reject."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To turn aside or avoid; to keep away from; to reject."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1613 (date written), William Shakespeare, [John Fletcher], “The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eight”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv], page 216, column 2:",
          "text": "I vtterly abhorre; yea, from my Soule\nRefuse you for my Iudge, whom yet once more\nI hold my most malicious Foe, and thinke not\nAt all a Friend to truth.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To protest against; to reject solemnly."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "protest",
          "protest"
        ],
        [
          "solemnly",
          "solemnly"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "canon law",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, canon law, obsolete) To protest against; to reject solemnly."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English intransitive verbs",
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1531, Thomas Elyot, “That all daunsinge is nat to be reproued”, in Ernest Rhys, editor, The Boke Named the Governour […] (Everyman’s Library), London: J[oseph] M[alaby] Dent & Co; New York, N.Y.: E[dward] P[ayson] Dutton & Co, published [1907], →OCLC, 1st book, page 86:",
          "text": "Also in those daunces were enterlased dities of wanton loue or ribaudry, with frequent remembrance of the moste vile idolis Venus and Bacchus, as it were that the daunce were to their honour and memorie, whiche most of all abhorred from Christes religion, sauerynge the auncient errour of paganysme.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1644, J[ohn] M[ilton], chapter VII, in The Doctrine or Discipline of Divorce: […], 2nd edition, London: [s.n.], →OCLC, book II, page 46:",
          "text": "Either then the law by harmless and needful dispenses, which the gospel is now made to deny, must have anticipated and exceeded the grace of the gospel, or else must be found to have given politic and superficial graces without real pardon, saying in general, “do this and live,” and yet deceiving and damning underhand with unsound and hollow permissions; which is utterly abhorring from the end of all law, as hath been shewed.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To feel horror, disgust, or dislike (towards); to be contrary or averse (to); construed with from."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "disgust",
          "disgust"
        ],
        [
          "dislike",
          "dislike"
        ],
        [
          "contrary",
          "contrary"
        ],
        [
          "averse",
          "averse"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, obsolete) To feel horror, disgust, or dislike (towards); to be contrary or averse (to); construed with from."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English intransitive verbs",
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Differ entirely from."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, obsolete) Differ entirely from."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/əbˈhɔː/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/əbˈɔː/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/æbˈhɔɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/əbˈhɔɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-uk-abhor.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/En-uk-abhor.ogg/En-uk-abhor.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/En-uk-abhor.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-abhor.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a4/En-us-abhor.ogg/En-us-abhor.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/En-us-abhor.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-ca-abhor.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/En-ca-abhor.ogg/En-ca-abhor.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/En-ca-abhor.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-abhor.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-au-abhor.ogg/En-au-abhor.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-au-abhor.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "to regard as horrifying or detestable",
      "word": "hate"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "om",
      "lang": "Afan Oromo",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "balfuu"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "atel",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "ատել"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "otvraštavam se",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "отвращавам се"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "gnusja se",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "гнуся се"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "avorrir"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "tònghèn",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "痛恨"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "verafschuwen"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "walgen van"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "gruwen van"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "abomeni"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "malamegi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "inhota"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "avoir horreur de"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "abhorrer"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "verabscheuen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "abhorrieren"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "stugéō",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "στυγέω"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "ti'év",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "תִּעֵב"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "ghŕṇā karnā",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "घृणा करना"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "irtózik"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "iszonyodik"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "viszolyog"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "gyűlöl"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "abominar"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "membenci"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "adhfhuathaigh"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "aborrire"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "abominare"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "imu",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "忌む"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "abhorreō"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "abōminor"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "konekone"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "whakahouhou"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "avsky"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "aborrir"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "czuć odrazę"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "nie cierpieć"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "abominar"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "detestar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "abhora"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "detesta"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "urî"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "disprețui"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "nenavídetʹ",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "ненави́деть"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "pitátʹ otvraščénije",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "пита́ть отвраще́ние"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "gràinich"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "fuathaich"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "aborrecer"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "detestar"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "abominar"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "avsky"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "glìiat",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "เกลียด"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "glìat chang",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "เกลียดชัง"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "chang",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "ชัง"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "kae-ya-kae-yaeng",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "ขยะแขยง"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "nefret etmek"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "moralʹno nenavydity",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "морально ненавидіти"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "ghŕṇā karnā",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "گھرنا کرنا"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "ghét cay ghét đắng"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "to regard with horror or detestation",
      "word": "cashau"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to reject with disdain",
      "word": "verwerpen"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to reject with disdain",
      "word": "respinge cu dispreț"
    }
  ],
  "word": "abhor"
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "abhor/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰers-\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)\", \"Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Oromo translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Emotions\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abhorrable\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorration\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ǵʰers-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"abhorren\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English abhorren\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"abhorrer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French abhorrer\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"abhorreō\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"shrink away from in horror\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin abhorreō (“shrink away from in horror”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"ab\", \"3\": \"horreō\", \"gloss1\": \"from\", \"gloss2\": \"stand aghast, bristle with fear\", \"nocat\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"ab- (“from”) + horreō (“stand aghast, bristle with fear”)\", \"name\": \"prefix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"First attested in 1449, from Middle English abhorren, borrowed from Middle French abhorrer, from Latin abhorreō (“shrink away from in horror”), from ab- (“from”) + horreō (“stand aghast, bristle with fear”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"abhors\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"abhorring\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"abhorred\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"abhorred\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"no-table-tags\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"table-tags\"]}, {\"form\": \"en-conj\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"inflection-template\"]}, {\"form\": \"abhor\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"infinitive\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"++\"}, \"expansion\": \"abhor (third-person singular simple present abhors, present participle abhorring, simple past and past participle abhorred)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"inflection_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"old\": \"1\", \"stem\": \"abhorr\"}, \"name\": \"en-conj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"abhorred\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrence\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrency\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrent\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrently\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrer\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrible\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorring\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"I absolutely abhor being stuck in traffic jams.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Romans 12:9:\", \"text\": \"Let loue bee without dissimulation: abhorre that which is euill, cleaue to that which is good.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2003 April 20, Henry G. Brinton, “A Congregation Divided”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-01-28:\", \"text\": \"I have risked alienating some members with criticism of the war, reminding them, for example, that the Lord abhors our worship of the false gods of Western affluence, worldly power and high technology. I agree with Michael J. Easley, the senior pastor-teacher of Immanuel Bible Church in Springfield, when he says, \\\"I think my 'job' is to clearly teach the Scriptures, not be persuaded by what may or may not be our people's views.\\\"\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To regard (someone or something) as horrifying or detestable; to feel great repugnance toward.\"], \"links\": [[\"horrifying\", \"horrifying\"], [\"detestable\", \"detestable\"], [\"repugnance\", \"repugnance\"], [\"The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles\", \"w:Shorter Oxford English Dictionary\"], [\"Oxford University Press\", \"w:Oxford University Press\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To regard (someone or something) as horrifying or detestable; to feel great repugnance toward.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"detest\"}, {\"word\": \"disdain\"}, {\"word\": \"loathe\"}], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English impersonal verbs\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii], page 332, column 2:\", \"text\": \"But neuer taynt my Loue. I cannot say Whore,\\nIt do's abhorre me now I speake the word,\\nTo do the Act, that might the addition earne,\\nNot the worlds Masse of vanitie could make me.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To fill with horror or disgust.\"], \"links\": [[\"disgust\", \"disgust\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, obsolete, impersonal) To fill with horror or disgust.\"], \"tags\": [\"impersonal\", \"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To turn aside or avoid; to keep away from; to reject.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To turn aside or avoid; to keep away from; to reject.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1613 (date written), William Shakespeare, [John Fletcher], “The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eight”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv], page 216, column 2:\", \"text\": \"I vtterly abhorre; yea, from my Soule\\nRefuse you for my Iudge, whom yet once more\\nI hold my most malicious Foe, and thinke not\\nAt all a Friend to truth.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To protest against; to reject solemnly.\"], \"links\": [[\"protest\", \"protest\"], [\"solemnly\", \"solemnly\"]], \"qualifier\": \"canon law\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, canon law, obsolete) To protest against; to reject solemnly.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1531, Thomas Elyot, “That all daunsinge is nat to be reproued”, in Ernest Rhys, editor, The Boke Named the Governour […] (Everyman’s Library), London: J[oseph] M[alaby] Dent & Co; New York, N.Y.: E[dward] P[ayson] Dutton & Co, published [1907], →OCLC, 1st book, page 86:\", \"text\": \"Also in those daunces were enterlased dities of wanton loue or ribaudry, with frequent remembrance of the moste vile idolis Venus and Bacchus, as it were that the daunce were to their honour and memorie, whiche most of all abhorred from Christes religion, sauerynge the auncient errour of paganysme.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1644, J[ohn] M[ilton], chapter VII, in The Doctrine or Discipline of Divorce: […], 2nd edition, London: [s.n.], →OCLC, book II, page 46:\", \"text\": \"Either then the law by harmless and needful dispenses, which the gospel is now made to deny, must have anticipated and exceeded the grace of the gospel, or else must be found to have given politic and superficial graces without real pardon, saying in general, “do this and live,” and yet deceiving and damning underhand with unsound and hollow permissions; which is utterly abhorring from the end of all law, as hath been shewed.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To feel horror, disgust, or dislike (towards); to be contrary or averse (to); construed with from.\"], \"links\": [[\"disgust\", \"disgust\"], [\"dislike\", \"dislike\"], [\"contrary\", \"contrary\"], [\"averse\", \"averse\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, obsolete) To feel horror, disgust, or dislike (towards); to be contrary or averse (to); construed with from.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"obsolete\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Differ entirely from.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, obsolete) Differ entirely from.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/əbˈhɔː/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əbˈɔː/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/æbˈhɔɹ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əbˈhɔɹ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-abhor.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/En-uk-abhor.ogg/En-uk-abhor.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/En-uk-abhor.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-abhor.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a4/En-us-abhor.ogg/En-us-abhor.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/En-us-abhor.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-ca-abhor.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/En-ca-abhor.ogg/En-ca-abhor.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/En-ca-abhor.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-au-abhor.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-au-abhor.ogg/En-au-abhor.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-au-abhor.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɔː(ɹ)\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"to regard as horrifying or detestable\", \"word\": \"hate\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"om\", \"lang\": \"Afan Oromo\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"balfuu\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"atel\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ատել\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otvraštavam se\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"отвращавам се\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"gnusja se\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"гнуся се\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"avorrir\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"tònghèn\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"痛恨\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"verafschuwen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"walgen van\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"gruwen van\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abomeni\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"malamegi\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"inhota\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"avoir horreur de\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abhorrer\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"verabscheuen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"tags\": [\"formal\"], \"word\": \"abhorrieren\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"stugéō\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"στυγέω\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"ti'év\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"תִּעֵב\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"ghŕṇā karnā\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"घृणा करना\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"irtózik\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"iszonyodik\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"viszolyog\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"gyűlöl\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abominar\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"membenci\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"adhfhuathaigh\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"aborrire\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abominare\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"imu\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"忌む\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abhorreō\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abōminor\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"konekone\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"whakahouhou\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"avsky\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"aborrir\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"czuć odrazę\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"nie cierpieć\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abominar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"detestar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abhora\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"detesta\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"urî\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"disprețui\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nenavídetʹ\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ненави́деть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"pitátʹ otvraščénije\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"пита́ть отвраще́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"gràinich\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"fuathaich\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"aborrecer\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"detestar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abominar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"avsky\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"glìiat\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"เกลียด\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"glìat chang\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"เกลียดชัง\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"chang\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ชัง\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"kae-ya-kae-yaeng\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ขยะแขยง\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"nefret etmek\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"moralʹno nenavydity\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"морально ненавидіти\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"ghŕṇā karnā\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"گھرنا کرنا\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ghét cay ghét đắng\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"cashau\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to reject with disdain\", \"word\": \"verwerpen\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to reject with disdain\", \"word\": \"respinge cu dispreț\"}], \"word\": \"abhor\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "abhor",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "abhor/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰers-\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)\", \"Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Oromo translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Emotions\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abhorrable\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorration\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ǵʰers-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"abhorren\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English abhorren\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"abhorrer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French abhorrer\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"abhorreō\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"shrink away from in horror\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin abhorreō (“shrink away from in horror”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"ab\", \"3\": \"horreō\", \"gloss1\": \"from\", \"gloss2\": \"stand aghast, bristle with fear\", \"nocat\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"ab- (“from”) + horreō (“stand aghast, bristle with fear”)\", \"name\": \"prefix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"First attested in 1449, from Middle English abhorren, borrowed from Middle French abhorrer, from Latin abhorreō (“shrink away from in horror”), from ab- (“from”) + horreō (“stand aghast, bristle with fear”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"abhors\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"abhorring\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"abhorred\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"abhorred\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"no-table-tags\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"table-tags\"]}, {\"form\": \"en-conj\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"inflection-template\"]}, {\"form\": \"abhor\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"infinitive\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"++\"}, \"expansion\": \"abhor (third-person singular simple present abhors, present participle abhorring, simple past and past participle abhorred)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"inflection_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"old\": \"1\", \"stem\": \"abhorr\"}, \"name\": \"en-conj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"abhorred\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrence\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrency\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrent\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrently\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrer\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrible\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorring\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"I absolutely abhor being stuck in traffic jams.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Romans 12:9:\", \"text\": \"Let loue bee without dissimulation: abhorre that which is euill, cleaue to that which is good.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2003 April 20, Henry G. Brinton, “A Congregation Divided”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-01-28:\", \"text\": \"I have risked alienating some members with criticism of the war, reminding them, for example, that the Lord abhors our worship of the false gods of Western affluence, worldly power and high technology. I agree with Michael J. Easley, the senior pastor-teacher of Immanuel Bible Church in Springfield, when he says, \\\"I think my 'job' is to clearly teach the Scriptures, not be persuaded by what may or may not be our people's views.\\\"\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To regard (someone or something) as horrifying or detestable; to feel great repugnance toward.\"], \"links\": [[\"horrifying\", \"horrifying\"], [\"detestable\", \"detestable\"], [\"repugnance\", \"repugnance\"], [\"The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles\", \"w:Shorter Oxford English Dictionary\"], [\"Oxford University Press\", \"w:Oxford University Press\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To regard (someone or something) as horrifying or detestable; to feel great repugnance toward.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"detest\"}, {\"word\": \"disdain\"}, {\"word\": \"loathe\"}], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English impersonal verbs\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii], page 332, column 2:\", \"text\": \"But neuer taynt my Loue. I cannot say Whore,\\nIt do's abhorre me now I speake the word,\\nTo do the Act, that might the addition earne,\\nNot the worlds Masse of vanitie could make me.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To fill with horror or disgust.\"], \"links\": [[\"disgust\", \"disgust\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, obsolete, impersonal) To fill with horror or disgust.\"], \"tags\": [\"impersonal\", \"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To turn aside or avoid; to keep away from; to reject.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To turn aside or avoid; to keep away from; to reject.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1613 (date written), William Shakespeare, [John Fletcher], “The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eight”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv], page 216, column 2:\", \"text\": \"I vtterly abhorre; yea, from my Soule\\nRefuse you for my Iudge, whom yet once more\\nI hold my most malicious Foe, and thinke not\\nAt all a Friend to truth.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To protest against; to reject solemnly.\"], \"links\": [[\"protest\", \"protest\"], [\"solemnly\", \"solemnly\"]], \"qualifier\": \"canon law\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, canon law, obsolete) To protest against; to reject solemnly.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1531, Thomas Elyot, “That all daunsinge is nat to be reproued”, in Ernest Rhys, editor, The Boke Named the Governour […] (Everyman’s Library), London: J[oseph] M[alaby] Dent & Co; New York, N.Y.: E[dward] P[ayson] Dutton & Co, published [1907], →OCLC, 1st book, page 86:\", \"text\": \"Also in those daunces were enterlased dities of wanton loue or ribaudry, with frequent remembrance of the moste vile idolis Venus and Bacchus, as it were that the daunce were to their honour and memorie, whiche most of all abhorred from Christes religion, sauerynge the auncient errour of paganysme.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1644, J[ohn] M[ilton], chapter VII, in The Doctrine or Discipline of Divorce: […], 2nd edition, London: [s.n.], →OCLC, book II, page 46:\", \"text\": \"Either then the law by harmless and needful dispenses, which the gospel is now made to deny, must have anticipated and exceeded the grace of the gospel, or else must be found to have given politic and superficial graces without real pardon, saying in general, “do this and live,” and yet deceiving and damning underhand with unsound and hollow permissions; which is utterly abhorring from the end of all law, as hath been shewed.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To feel horror, disgust, or dislike (towards); to be contrary or averse (to); construed with from.\"], \"links\": [[\"disgust\", \"disgust\"], [\"dislike\", \"dislike\"], [\"contrary\", \"contrary\"], [\"averse\", \"averse\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, obsolete) To feel horror, disgust, or dislike (towards); to be contrary or averse (to); construed with from.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"obsolete\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Differ entirely from.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, obsolete) Differ entirely from.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/əbˈhɔː/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əbˈɔː/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/æbˈhɔɹ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əbˈhɔɹ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-abhor.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/En-uk-abhor.ogg/En-uk-abhor.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/En-uk-abhor.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-abhor.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a4/En-us-abhor.ogg/En-us-abhor.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/En-us-abhor.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-ca-abhor.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/En-ca-abhor.ogg/En-ca-abhor.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/En-ca-abhor.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-au-abhor.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-au-abhor.ogg/En-au-abhor.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-au-abhor.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɔː(ɹ)\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"to regard as horrifying or detestable\", \"word\": \"hate\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"om\", \"lang\": \"Afan Oromo\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"balfuu\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"atel\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ատել\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otvraštavam se\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"отвращавам се\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"gnusja se\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"гнуся се\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"avorrir\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"tònghèn\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"痛恨\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"verafschuwen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"walgen van\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"gruwen van\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abomeni\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"malamegi\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"inhota\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"avoir horreur de\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abhorrer\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"verabscheuen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"tags\": [\"formal\"], \"word\": \"abhorrieren\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"stugéō\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"στυγέω\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"ti'év\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"תִּעֵב\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"ghŕṇā karnā\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"घृणा करना\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"irtózik\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"iszonyodik\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"viszolyog\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"gyűlöl\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abominar\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"membenci\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"adhfhuathaigh\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"aborrire\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abominare\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"imu\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"忌む\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abhorreō\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abōminor\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"konekone\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"whakahouhou\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"avsky\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"aborrir\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"czuć odrazę\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"nie cierpieć\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abominar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"detestar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abhora\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"detesta\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"urî\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"disprețui\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nenavídetʹ\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ненави́деть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"pitátʹ otvraščénije\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"пита́ть отвраще́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"gràinich\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"fuathaich\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"aborrecer\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"detestar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abominar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"avsky\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"glìiat\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"เกลียด\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"glìat chang\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"เกลียดชัง\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"chang\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ชัง\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"kae-ya-kae-yaeng\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ขยะแขยง\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"nefret etmek\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"moralʹno nenavydity\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"морально ненавидіти\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"ghŕṇā karnā\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"گھرنا کرنا\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ghét cay ghét đắng\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"cashau\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to reject with disdain\", \"word\": \"verwerpen\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to reject with disdain\", \"word\": \"respinge cu dispreț\"}], \"word\": \"abhor\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "abhor",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "abhor/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰers-\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)\", \"Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Oromo translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Emotions\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abhorrable\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorration\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ǵʰers-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"abhorren\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English abhorren\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"abhorrer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French abhorrer\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"abhorreō\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"shrink away from in horror\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin abhorreō (“shrink away from in horror”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"ab\", \"3\": \"horreō\", \"gloss1\": \"from\", \"gloss2\": \"stand aghast, bristle with fear\", \"nocat\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"ab- (“from”) + horreō (“stand aghast, bristle with fear”)\", \"name\": \"prefix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"First attested in 1449, from Middle English abhorren, borrowed from Middle French abhorrer, from Latin abhorreō (“shrink away from in horror”), from ab- (“from”) + horreō (“stand aghast, bristle with fear”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"abhors\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"abhorring\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"abhorred\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"abhorred\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"no-table-tags\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"table-tags\"]}, {\"form\": \"en-conj\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"inflection-template\"]}, {\"form\": \"abhor\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"infinitive\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"++\"}, \"expansion\": \"abhor (third-person singular simple present abhors, present participle abhorring, simple past and past participle abhorred)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"inflection_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"old\": \"1\", \"stem\": \"abhorr\"}, \"name\": \"en-conj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"abhorred\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrence\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrency\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrent\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrently\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrer\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrible\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorring\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"I absolutely abhor being stuck in traffic jams.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Romans 12:9:\", \"text\": \"Let loue bee without dissimulation: abhorre that which is euill, cleaue to that which is good.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2003 April 20, Henry G. Brinton, “A Congregation Divided”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-01-28:\", \"text\": \"I have risked alienating some members with criticism of the war, reminding them, for example, that the Lord abhors our worship of the false gods of Western affluence, worldly power and high technology. I agree with Michael J. Easley, the senior pastor-teacher of Immanuel Bible Church in Springfield, when he says, \\\"I think my 'job' is to clearly teach the Scriptures, not be persuaded by what may or may not be our people's views.\\\"\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To regard (someone or something) as horrifying or detestable; to feel great repugnance toward.\"], \"links\": [[\"horrifying\", \"horrifying\"], [\"detestable\", \"detestable\"], [\"repugnance\", \"repugnance\"], [\"The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles\", \"w:Shorter Oxford English Dictionary\"], [\"Oxford University Press\", \"w:Oxford University Press\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To regard (someone or something) as horrifying or detestable; to feel great repugnance toward.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"detest\"}, {\"word\": \"disdain\"}, {\"word\": \"loathe\"}], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English impersonal verbs\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii], page 332, column 2:\", \"text\": \"But neuer taynt my Loue. I cannot say Whore,\\nIt do's abhorre me now I speake the word,\\nTo do the Act, that might the addition earne,\\nNot the worlds Masse of vanitie could make me.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To fill with horror or disgust.\"], \"links\": [[\"disgust\", \"disgust\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, obsolete, impersonal) To fill with horror or disgust.\"], \"tags\": [\"impersonal\", \"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To turn aside or avoid; to keep away from; to reject.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To turn aside or avoid; to keep away from; to reject.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1613 (date written), William Shakespeare, [John Fletcher], “The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eight”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv], page 216, column 2:\", \"text\": \"I vtterly abhorre; yea, from my Soule\\nRefuse you for my Iudge, whom yet once more\\nI hold my most malicious Foe, and thinke not\\nAt all a Friend to truth.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To protest against; to reject solemnly.\"], \"links\": [[\"protest\", \"protest\"], [\"solemnly\", \"solemnly\"]], \"qualifier\": \"canon law\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, canon law, obsolete) To protest against; to reject solemnly.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1531, Thomas Elyot, “That all daunsinge is nat to be reproued”, in Ernest Rhys, editor, The Boke Named the Governour […] (Everyman’s Library), London: J[oseph] M[alaby] Dent & Co; New York, N.Y.: E[dward] P[ayson] Dutton & Co, published [1907], →OCLC, 1st book, page 86:\", \"text\": \"Also in those daunces were enterlased dities of wanton loue or ribaudry, with frequent remembrance of the moste vile idolis Venus and Bacchus, as it were that the daunce were to their honour and memorie, whiche most of all abhorred from Christes religion, sauerynge the auncient errour of paganysme.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1644, J[ohn] M[ilton], chapter VII, in The Doctrine or Discipline of Divorce: […], 2nd edition, London: [s.n.], →OCLC, book II, page 46:\", \"text\": \"Either then the law by harmless and needful dispenses, which the gospel is now made to deny, must have anticipated and exceeded the grace of the gospel, or else must be found to have given politic and superficial graces without real pardon, saying in general, “do this and live,” and yet deceiving and damning underhand with unsound and hollow permissions; which is utterly abhorring from the end of all law, as hath been shewed.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To feel horror, disgust, or dislike (towards); to be contrary or averse (to); construed with from.\"], \"links\": [[\"disgust\", \"disgust\"], [\"dislike\", \"dislike\"], [\"contrary\", \"contrary\"], [\"averse\", \"averse\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, obsolete) To feel horror, disgust, or dislike (towards); to be contrary or averse (to); construed with from.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"obsolete\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Differ entirely from.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, obsolete) Differ entirely from.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/əbˈhɔː/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əbˈɔː/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/æbˈhɔɹ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əbˈhɔɹ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-abhor.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/En-uk-abhor.ogg/En-uk-abhor.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/En-uk-abhor.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-abhor.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a4/En-us-abhor.ogg/En-us-abhor.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/En-us-abhor.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-ca-abhor.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/En-ca-abhor.ogg/En-ca-abhor.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/En-ca-abhor.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-au-abhor.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-au-abhor.ogg/En-au-abhor.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-au-abhor.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɔː(ɹ)\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"to regard as horrifying or detestable\", \"word\": \"hate\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"om\", \"lang\": \"Afan Oromo\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"balfuu\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"atel\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ատել\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otvraštavam se\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"отвращавам се\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"gnusja se\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"гнуся се\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"avorrir\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"tònghèn\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"痛恨\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"verafschuwen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"walgen van\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"gruwen van\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abomeni\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"malamegi\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"inhota\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"avoir horreur de\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abhorrer\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"verabscheuen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"tags\": [\"formal\"], \"word\": \"abhorrieren\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"stugéō\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"στυγέω\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"ti'év\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"תִּעֵב\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"ghŕṇā karnā\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"घृणा करना\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"irtózik\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"iszonyodik\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"viszolyog\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"gyűlöl\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abominar\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"membenci\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"adhfhuathaigh\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"aborrire\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abominare\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"imu\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"忌む\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abhorreō\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abōminor\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"konekone\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"whakahouhou\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"avsky\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"aborrir\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"czuć odrazę\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"nie cierpieć\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abominar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"detestar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abhora\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"detesta\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"urî\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"disprețui\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nenavídetʹ\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ненави́деть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"pitátʹ otvraščénije\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"пита́ть отвраще́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"gràinich\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"fuathaich\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"aborrecer\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"detestar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abominar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"avsky\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"glìiat\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"เกลียด\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"glìat chang\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"เกลียดชัง\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"chang\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ชัง\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"kae-ya-kae-yaeng\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ขยะแขยง\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"nefret etmek\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"moralʹno nenavydity\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"морально ненавидіти\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"ghŕṇā karnā\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"گھرنا کرنا\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ghét cay ghét đắng\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"cashau\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to reject with disdain\", \"word\": \"verwerpen\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to reject with disdain\", \"word\": \"respinge cu dispreț\"}], \"word\": \"abhor\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "abhor",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "abhor/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰers-\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)\", \"Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Oromo translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Emotions\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abhorrable\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorration\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*ǵʰers-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"abhorren\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English abhorren\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"abhorrer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French abhorrer\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"abhorreō\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"shrink away from in horror\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin abhorreō (“shrink away from in horror”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"ab\", \"3\": \"horreō\", \"gloss1\": \"from\", \"gloss2\": \"stand aghast, bristle with fear\", \"nocat\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"ab- (“from”) + horreō (“stand aghast, bristle with fear”)\", \"name\": \"prefix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"First attested in 1449, from Middle English abhorren, borrowed from Middle French abhorrer, from Latin abhorreō (“shrink away from in horror”), from ab- (“from”) + horreō (“stand aghast, bristle with fear”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"abhors\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"abhorring\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"abhorred\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"abhorred\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"no-table-tags\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"table-tags\"]}, {\"form\": \"en-conj\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"inflection-template\"]}, {\"form\": \"abhor\", \"source\": \"conjugation\", \"tags\": [\"infinitive\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"++\"}, \"expansion\": \"abhor (third-person singular simple present abhors, present participle abhorring, simple past and past participle abhorred)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"inflection_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"old\": \"1\", \"stem\": \"abhorr\"}, \"name\": \"en-conj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"abhorred\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrence\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrency\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrent\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrently\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrer\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorrible\"}, {\"word\": \"abhorring\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"I absolutely abhor being stuck in traffic jams.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Romans 12:9:\", \"text\": \"Let loue bee without dissimulation: abhorre that which is euill, cleaue to that which is good.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2003 April 20, Henry G. Brinton, “A Congregation Divided”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-01-28:\", \"text\": \"I have risked alienating some members with criticism of the war, reminding them, for example, that the Lord abhors our worship of the false gods of Western affluence, worldly power and high technology. I agree with Michael J. Easley, the senior pastor-teacher of Immanuel Bible Church in Springfield, when he says, \\\"I think my 'job' is to clearly teach the Scriptures, not be persuaded by what may or may not be our people's views.\\\"\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To regard (someone or something) as horrifying or detestable; to feel great repugnance toward.\"], \"links\": [[\"horrifying\", \"horrifying\"], [\"detestable\", \"detestable\"], [\"repugnance\", \"repugnance\"], [\"The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles\", \"w:Shorter Oxford English Dictionary\"], [\"Oxford University Press\", \"w:Oxford University Press\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To regard (someone or something) as horrifying or detestable; to feel great repugnance toward.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"detest\"}, {\"word\": \"disdain\"}, {\"word\": \"loathe\"}], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English impersonal verbs\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii], page 332, column 2:\", \"text\": \"But neuer taynt my Loue. I cannot say Whore,\\nIt do's abhorre me now I speake the word,\\nTo do the Act, that might the addition earne,\\nNot the worlds Masse of vanitie could make me.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To fill with horror or disgust.\"], \"links\": [[\"disgust\", \"disgust\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, obsolete, impersonal) To fill with horror or disgust.\"], \"tags\": [\"impersonal\", \"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To turn aside or avoid; to keep away from; to reject.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To turn aside or avoid; to keep away from; to reject.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1613 (date written), William Shakespeare, [John Fletcher], “The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eight”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv], page 216, column 2:\", \"text\": \"I vtterly abhorre; yea, from my Soule\\nRefuse you for my Iudge, whom yet once more\\nI hold my most malicious Foe, and thinke not\\nAt all a Friend to truth.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To protest against; to reject solemnly.\"], \"links\": [[\"protest\", \"protest\"], [\"solemnly\", \"solemnly\"]], \"qualifier\": \"canon law\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, canon law, obsolete) To protest against; to reject solemnly.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1531, Thomas Elyot, “That all daunsinge is nat to be reproued”, in Ernest Rhys, editor, The Boke Named the Governour […] (Everyman’s Library), London: J[oseph] M[alaby] Dent & Co; New York, N.Y.: E[dward] P[ayson] Dutton & Co, published [1907], →OCLC, 1st book, page 86:\", \"text\": \"Also in those daunces were enterlased dities of wanton loue or ribaudry, with frequent remembrance of the moste vile idolis Venus and Bacchus, as it were that the daunce were to their honour and memorie, whiche most of all abhorred from Christes religion, sauerynge the auncient errour of paganysme.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1644, J[ohn] M[ilton], chapter VII, in The Doctrine or Discipline of Divorce: […], 2nd edition, London: [s.n.], →OCLC, book II, page 46:\", \"text\": \"Either then the law by harmless and needful dispenses, which the gospel is now made to deny, must have anticipated and exceeded the grace of the gospel, or else must be found to have given politic and superficial graces without real pardon, saying in general, “do this and live,” and yet deceiving and damning underhand with unsound and hollow permissions; which is utterly abhorring from the end of all law, as hath been shewed.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To feel horror, disgust, or dislike (towards); to be contrary or averse (to); construed with from.\"], \"links\": [[\"disgust\", \"disgust\"], [\"dislike\", \"dislike\"], [\"contrary\", \"contrary\"], [\"averse\", \"averse\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, obsolete) To feel horror, disgust, or dislike (towards); to be contrary or averse (to); construed with from.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"obsolete\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Differ entirely from.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, obsolete) Differ entirely from.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/əbˈhɔː/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əbˈɔː/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/æbˈhɔɹ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əbˈhɔɹ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-abhor.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/En-uk-abhor.ogg/En-uk-abhor.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/En-uk-abhor.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-abhor.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a4/En-us-abhor.ogg/En-us-abhor.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/En-us-abhor.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-ca-abhor.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/En-ca-abhor.ogg/En-ca-abhor.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/En-ca-abhor.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-au-abhor.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/07/En-au-abhor.ogg/En-au-abhor.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-au-abhor.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɔː(ɹ)\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"to regard as horrifying or detestable\", \"word\": \"hate\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"om\", \"lang\": \"Afan Oromo\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"balfuu\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"atel\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ատել\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otvraštavam se\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"отвращавам се\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"gnusja se\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"гнуся се\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"avorrir\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"tònghèn\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"痛恨\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"verafschuwen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"walgen van\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"gruwen van\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abomeni\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"malamegi\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"inhota\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"avoir horreur de\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abhorrer\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"verabscheuen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"tags\": [\"formal\"], \"word\": \"abhorrieren\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"stugéō\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"στυγέω\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"ti'év\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"תִּעֵב\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"ghŕṇā karnā\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"घृणा करना\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"irtózik\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"iszonyodik\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"viszolyog\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"gyűlöl\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abominar\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"membenci\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"adhfhuathaigh\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"aborrire\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abominare\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"imu\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"忌む\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abhorreō\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abōminor\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"konekone\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"whakahouhou\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"avsky\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"aborrir\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"czuć odrazę\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"nie cierpieć\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abominar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"detestar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abhora\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"detesta\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"urî\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"disprețui\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nenavídetʹ\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ненави́деть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"pitátʹ otvraščénije\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"пита́ть отвраще́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"gràinich\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"fuathaich\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"aborrecer\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"detestar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"abominar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"avsky\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"glìiat\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"เกลียด\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"glìat chang\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"เกลียดชัง\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"chang\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ชัง\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"kae-ya-kae-yaeng\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ขยะแขยง\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"nefret etmek\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"moralʹno nenavydity\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"морально ненавидіти\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"ghŕṇā karnā\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"گھرنا کرنا\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"ghét cay ghét đắng\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"to regard with horror or detestation\", \"word\": \"cashau\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to reject with disdain\", \"word\": \"verwerpen\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to reject with disdain\", \"word\": \"respinge cu dispreț\"}], \"word\": \"abhor\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "abhor",
  "trace": ""
}