See abang on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lod",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Berawan",
"lang_code": "lod",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Berawan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 17 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"window (opening for light and air)"
],
"id": "en-abang-lod-noun-gLWvm6ja",
"links": [
[
"window",
"window"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "phi-pro",
"3": "*abaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Philippine *abaŋ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*abaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *abaŋ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Central Philippine *abaŋ, from Proto-Philippine *abaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *abaŋ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abáng",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "abáng",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "abáng (Basahan spelling ᜀᜊᜅ᜔)",
"name": "bcl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"lang_code": "bcl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "abangan"
},
{
"word": "mag-abang"
}
],
"glosses": [
"act of watching for, awaiting"
],
"id": "en-abang-bcl-noun-W9cAYYpr",
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"watching",
"watching"
],
[
"for",
"for"
],
[
"awaiting",
"awaiting"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʔaˈbaŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔaˈbaŋ]"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "abáng",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "abáng",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "abáng (Basahan spelling ᜀᜊᜅ᜔)",
"name": "bcl-adv"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"lang_code": "bcl",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "His/her parents are so strict.",
"text": "Abang estrikto kan magurang niya",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"text": "Abang sakit mong paintindihon",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"very, so"
],
"id": "en-abang-bcl-adv-Y0IlQeNn",
"links": [
[
"very",
"very"
],
[
"so",
"so"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "marhay"
},
{
"word": "abaana"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʔaˈbaŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔaˈbaŋ]"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "beu",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Blagar",
"lang_code": "beu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Blagar entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 17 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"village"
],
"id": "en-abang-beu-noun-Bc--KDOB",
"links": [
[
"village",
"village"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/abaŋ/"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kxd",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Brunei Malay",
"lang_code": "kxd",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Brunei Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 17 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"older brother"
],
"id": "en-abang-kxd-noun-S6HTYSET",
"links": [
[
"brother",
"brother"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/abaŋ/"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 9 36 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lease; to rent"
],
"id": "en-abang-ceb-verb-bOr1OoMr",
"links": [
[
"lease",
"lease"
],
[
"rent",
"rent"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 9 36 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 0 27 41",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ceb",
"name": "Prostitution",
"orig": "ceb:Prostitution",
"parents": [
"Sexuality",
"Human behaviour",
"Sex",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Reproduction",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hire a prostitute"
],
"id": "en-abang-ceb-verb-jY5NUy8E",
"links": [
[
"hire",
"hire"
],
[
"prostitute",
"prostitute"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 9 36 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a lease"
],
"id": "en-abang-ceb-noun-TuFHl9An",
"links": [
[
"lease",
"lease"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a rent"
],
"id": "en-abang-ceb-noun-UqRHp-S2",
"links": [
[
"rent",
"rent"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pse",
"2": "jv",
"3": "ꦲꦧꦁ"
},
"expansion": "Javanese ꦲꦧꦁ (abang)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦧꦁ (abang).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pse",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Central Malay",
"lang_code": "pse",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Central Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 17 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pse",
"name": "Colors",
"orig": "pse:Colors",
"parents": [
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"red"
],
"id": "en-abang-pse-adj-sfUaUR8d",
"links": [
[
"red",
"red"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "duo",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dupaningan Agta",
"lang_code": "duo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dupaningan Agta entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 17 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"boat"
],
"id": "en-abang-duo-noun-Jc20bY0h",
"links": [
[
"boat",
"boat"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "abáng",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "abáng"
},
"expansion": "abáng",
"name": "hil-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"lang_code": "hil",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "92 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hiligaynon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hiligaynon terms without pronunciation template",
"parents": [
"Pronunciation templates",
"Templates"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"avarice, greediness"
],
"id": "en-abang-hil-noun-kjdnGx6L",
"links": [
[
"avarice",
"avarice"
],
[
"greediness",
"greediness"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "ábang",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ábang"
},
"expansion": "ábang",
"name": "hil-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"lang_code": "hil",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hiligaynon terms without pronunciation template",
"parents": [
"Pronunciation templates",
"Templates"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be within range of a fire"
],
"id": "en-abang-hil-verb-FKfmWu5f",
"links": [
[
"fire",
"fire"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"with regard to gender"
],
"word": "kakak"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "berabang"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "abang"
},
"expansion": "Malay abang",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms-cla",
"3": "ابڠ",
"tr": "abang"
},
"expansion": "Classical Malay ابڠ (abang)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*abaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *abaŋ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "map-pro",
"2": "*aba",
"3": "*-ŋ",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*aba + *-ŋ",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Malay abang, from Classical Malay ابڠ (abang), from Proto-Austronesian *abaŋ (*aba + *-ŋ), *aba (“father”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abang-abang",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abang (plural abang-abang)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"word": "saudara"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Jakarta Indonesian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sumatran Indonesian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "West Kalimantan Indonesian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
16
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
10
]
],
"english": "My elder brother is three years older than me.",
"text": "Umur abang saya lebih besar tiga tahun.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
25,
38
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
30,
35
]
],
"english": "Tonight, I will go to my elder brother's house.",
"text": "Nanti malam aku akan ke rumah abang.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"elder brother"
],
"id": "en-abang-id-noun-lZ8Tks1L",
"links": [
[
"brother",
"brother"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly Sumatra; West Kalimantan and Jakarta; chiefly Sumatra; West Kalimantan and Jakarta",
"raw_glosses": [
"(literally or figuratively, chiefly Sumatra, West Kalimantan and Jakarta) elder brother"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literally"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 27 54 16",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "id",
"name": "Family",
"orig": "id:Family",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a form of respect used for older young man"
],
"id": "en-abang-id-noun-jm6KPd-p"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sumatran Indonesian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "West Kalimantan Indonesian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "20 8 10 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 13 17 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a form of address to the husband in a marriage or marital relationship"
],
"id": "en-abang-id-noun-USJCD~7f",
"links": [
[
"husband",
"husband#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly West Kalimantan; Sumatra; chiefly West Kalimantan; Sumatra",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly West Kalimantan, Sumatra) a form of address to the husband in a marriage or marital relationship"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈabaŋ/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈa.baŋ]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-abaŋ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"Banten",
"Sundanese",
"West-Java"
],
"word": "aa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"word": "abang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"Banten",
"Sundanese",
"West-Java"
],
"word": "akang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"Balinese"
],
"word": "bli"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"Chinese"
],
"word": "engkoh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"Papua",
"Papuanese"
],
"word": "kaka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"word": "kakak laki-laki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"honorific"
],
"word": "kakanda"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"word": "kakang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"Javanese"
],
"word": "kangmas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"Chinese"
],
"word": "kokoh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"Javanese"
],
"word": "mas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"West-Sumatra"
],
"word": "uda"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "jv",
"3": "ꦲꦧꦁ",
"t": "red"
},
"expansion": "Javanese ꦲꦧꦁ (abang, “red”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Javanese ꦲꦧꦁ (abang, “red”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "id-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese Indonesian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of merah (“red”)"
],
"id": "en-abang-id-adj-NBF0lN5S",
"links": [
[
"merah",
"merah#Indonesian"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly Java",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, chiefly Java) Synonym of merah (“red”)"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "abangan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "red",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "merah"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈabaŋ/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈa.baŋ]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-abaŋ"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "jv-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Javanese",
"lang_code": "jv",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ꦲꦧꦁ"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 17 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of ꦲꦧꦁ"
],
"id": "en-abang-jv-romanization-sd4NItg1",
"links": [
[
"ꦲꦧꦁ",
"ꦲꦧꦁ#Javanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kyj",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Karao",
"lang_code": "kyj",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Karao entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 17 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rent money"
],
"id": "en-abang-kyj-noun-rOQbGGnI",
"links": [
[
"rent",
"rent"
],
[
"money",
"money"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abang (Lontara spelling ᨕᨅ)",
"name": "mak-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Makasar",
"lang_code": "mak",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Makasar entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 17 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "mak",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "mak:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forehead"
],
"id": "en-abang-mak-noun-KeG-dlSk",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"forehead",
"forehead"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) forehead"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈabaŋ]"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "adoptive brother",
"word": "abang angkat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "brother-in-law",
"word": "abang ipar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "biological brother",
"word": "abang kandung"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "stepbrother",
"word": "abang tiri"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "Bang",
"3": "abam"
},
"expansion": "Malay: Bang, abam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Malay: Bang, abam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "abang"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian: abang",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indonesian: abang"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "阿班",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "a-pan"
},
"expansion": "→ Min Nan: 阿班 (a-pan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Min Nan: 阿班 (a-pan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "บัง",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Thai: บัง (bang)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Thai: บัง (bang)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ms-cla",
"3": "ابڠ",
"tr": "abang"
},
"expansion": "Classical Malay ابڠ (abang)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ms-old",
"3": "habaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Old Malay habaŋ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*abaŋ",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *abaŋ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "map-pro",
"2": "*aba",
"3": "*-ŋ",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*aba + *-ŋ",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "awang"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of awang",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Classical Malay ابڠ (abang), from Old Malay habaŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *abaŋ (*aba + *-ŋ), *aba (“father”). Doublet of awang. Sense of older sister in south of the Peninsular and Riau displaced by kakak.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ابڠ",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "abang-abang",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bang",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bung",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "ابڠ"
},
"expansion": "abang (Jawi spelling ابڠ, plural abang-abang)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kakak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "in royal register",
"word": "kakanda"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "engko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nana"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "uda"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 43 11 1 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ms",
"name": "Family",
"orig": "ms:Family",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An older brother or male sibling."
],
"id": "en-abang-ms-noun-kvvGq2fo",
"links": [
[
"brother",
"brother"
],
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"sibling",
"sibling"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Johor Malay",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay ellipses",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Riau Malay",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "46 43 11 1 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ms",
"name": "Family",
"orig": "ms:Family",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"- older sister or female sibling, ellipsis of abang perempuan."
],
"id": "en-abang-ms-noun-mNKsH6QD",
"links": [
[
"sister",
"sister"
],
[
"abang perempuan",
"abang perempuan#Malay"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, Johor, Riau) - older sister or female sibling, ellipsis of abang perempuan."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kakak"
}
],
"tags": [
"Riau",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 43 11 1 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ms",
"name": "Family",
"orig": "ms:Family",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"form of address to a male a little older than oneself, but sometimes also to an elder son."
],
"id": "en-abang-ms-noun-Vyi~wULh",
"links": [
[
"address",
"address#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 6 2 1 2 1 8 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 11 18 1 8 5 6 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 17 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 6 1 1 1 1 8 1 1 1 1 12 0 0 12 19 0 9 5 7 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 34 53 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"form of address used by a wife to a husband."
],
"id": "en-abang-ms-noun-DS5XXxit",
"links": [
[
"address",
"address#English"
],
[
"wife",
"wife#English"
],
[
"husband",
"husband#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kanda"
},
{
"word": "sayang"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[a.baŋ]"
},
{
"audio": "Ms-MY-abang.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2f/Ms-MY-abang.ogg/Ms-MY-abang.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Ms-MY-abang.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-baŋ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aŋ"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "jv",
"3": "abang"
},
"expansion": "Javanese abang",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Javanese abang.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ابڠ",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "abang-abang",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bang",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bung",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "ابڠ"
},
"expansion": "abang (Jawi spelling ابڠ, plural abang-abang)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"The colour red."
],
"id": "en-abang-ms-noun-6Ra2W36B",
"links": [
[
"colour",
"colour"
],
[
"red",
"red"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) The colour red."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "merah"
}
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[a.baŋ]"
},
{
"audio": "Ms-MY-abang.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2f/Ms-MY-abang.ogg/Ms-MY-abang.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Ms-MY-abang.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-baŋ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aŋ"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsb",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sambali",
"lang_code": "xsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 17 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sambali entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rent"
],
"id": "en-abang-xsb-noun-Dp~RWWxL",
"links": [
[
"rent",
"rent"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bts",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Simalungun Batak",
"lang_code": "bts",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 17 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Simalungun Batak entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"abang"
],
"id": "en-abang-bts-noun-q7-xMYra",
"links": [
[
"abang",
"abang"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "abangan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ipag-abang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mag-abang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mag-abang-abang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mang-abang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mangabang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pag-aabang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pag-abang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pangangabang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tagaabang"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "phi-pro",
"3": "*abaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Philippine *abaŋ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*abaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *abaŋ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "akl",
"2": "abang"
},
"expansion": "Aklanon abang",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ban",
"2": "ᬳᬫ᭄ᬩᬂ",
"tr": "ambang"
},
"expansion": "Balinese ᬳᬫ᭄ᬩᬂ (ambang)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xbr",
"2": "amba"
},
"expansion": "Kambera amba",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Central Philippine *abaŋ, from Proto-Philippine *abaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *abaŋ. Compare Aklanon abang, Balinese ᬳᬫ᭄ᬩᬂ (ambang), and Kambera amba.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abáng",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ᜀᜊᜅ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "abáng",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "abáng (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜊᜅ᜔)",
"name": "tl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 21 19 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 16 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"watcher"
],
"id": "en-abang-tl-noun-Dn88XJCc",
"links": [
[
"watcher",
"watcher"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bakay"
},
{
"word": "bantay"
},
{
"word": "guwardiya"
},
{
"word": "tanod"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 21 19 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 16 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trap; snare (placed or set up strategically)"
],
"id": "en-abang-tl-noun-38Wc4mIv",
"links": [
[
"trap",
"trap"
],
[
"snare",
"snare"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 21 19 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 16 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"act of waiting (for a person, an opportunity, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-abang-tl-noun-21rGLjXa",
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"wait",
"wait"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "abat"
},
{
"word": "pag-abat"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 17 20 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 21 19 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 16 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 21 18 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"act of setting up a trap or snare"
],
"id": "en-abang-tl-noun-8qaV-wFB",
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"setting up",
"set up"
],
[
"trap",
"trap"
],
[
"snare",
"snare"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʔaˈbaŋ/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɐˈbaŋ]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aŋ"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "abáng",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yog",
"2": "noun",
"head": "abáng"
},
"expansion": "abáng",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Yogad",
"lang_code": "yog",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 17 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Yogad entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"boat"
],
"id": "en-abang-yog-noun-Jc20bY0h",
"links": [
[
"boat",
"boat"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lod",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Berawan",
"lang_code": "lod",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Berawan entries with incorrect language header",
"Berawan lemmas",
"Berawan nouns",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"window (opening for light and air)"
],
"links": [
[
"window",
"window"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "abangan"
},
{
"word": "mag-abang"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "phi-pro",
"3": "*abaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Philippine *abaŋ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*abaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *abaŋ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Central Philippine *abaŋ, from Proto-Philippine *abaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *abaŋ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abáng",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "abáng",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "abáng (Basahan spelling ᜀᜊᜅ᜔)",
"name": "bcl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"lang_code": "bcl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"act of watching for, awaiting"
],
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"watching",
"watching"
],
[
"for",
"for"
],
[
"awaiting",
"awaiting"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʔaˈbaŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔaˈbaŋ]"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "abáng",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "abáng",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "abáng (Basahan spelling ᜀᜊᜅ᜔)",
"name": "bcl-adv"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"lang_code": "bcl",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bikol Central terms with usage examples",
"Requests for translations of Bikol Central usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "His/her parents are so strict.",
"text": "Abang estrikto kan magurang niya",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"text": "Abang sakit mong paintindihon",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"very, so"
],
"links": [
[
"very",
"very"
],
[
"so",
"so"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "marhay"
},
{
"word": "abaana"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʔaˈbaŋ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔaˈbaŋ]"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "beu",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Blagar",
"lang_code": "beu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Blagar entries with incorrect language header",
"Blagar lemmas",
"Blagar nouns",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"village"
],
"links": [
[
"village",
"village"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/abaŋ/"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kxd",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Brunei Malay",
"lang_code": "kxd",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Brunei Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Brunei Malay lemmas",
"Brunei Malay nouns",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"older brother"
],
"links": [
[
"brother",
"brother"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/abaŋ/"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"Cebuano lemmas",
"Cebuano nouns",
"Cebuano verbs",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ceb:Prostitution"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to lease; to rent"
],
"links": [
[
"lease",
"lease"
],
[
"rent",
"rent"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to hire a prostitute"
],
"links": [
[
"hire",
"hire"
],
[
"prostitute",
"prostitute"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"Cebuano lemmas",
"Cebuano nouns",
"Cebuano verbs",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ceb:Prostitution"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a lease"
],
"links": [
[
"lease",
"lease"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a rent"
],
"links": [
[
"rent",
"rent"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pse",
"2": "jv",
"3": "ꦲꦧꦁ"
},
"expansion": "Javanese ꦲꦧꦁ (abang)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Javanese ꦲꦧꦁ (abang).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pse",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Central Malay",
"lang_code": "pse",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Central Malay adjectives",
"Central Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Central Malay lemmas",
"Central Malay terms borrowed from Javanese",
"Central Malay terms derived from Javanese",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"pse:Colors"
],
"glosses": [
"red"
],
"links": [
[
"red",
"red"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "duo",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dupaningan Agta",
"lang_code": "duo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dupaningan Agta entries with incorrect language header",
"Dupaningan Agta lemmas",
"Dupaningan Agta nouns",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"boat"
],
"links": [
[
"boat",
"boat"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hiligaynon adjectives",
"Hiligaynon entries with incorrect language header",
"Hiligaynon lemmas",
"Hiligaynon terms without pronunciation template",
"Hiligaynon verbs",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "abáng",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "abáng"
},
"expansion": "abáng",
"name": "hil-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"lang_code": "hil",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"avarice, greediness"
],
"links": [
[
"avarice",
"avarice"
],
[
"greediness",
"greediness"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hiligaynon adjectives",
"Hiligaynon entries with incorrect language header",
"Hiligaynon lemmas",
"Hiligaynon terms without pronunciation template",
"Hiligaynon verbs",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "ábang",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ábang"
},
"expansion": "ábang",
"name": "hil-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"lang_code": "hil",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to be within range of a fire"
],
"links": [
[
"fire",
"fire"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"with regard to gender"
],
"word": "kakak"
}
],
"categories": [
"Indonesian 2-syllable words",
"Indonesian adjectives",
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian heteronyms",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms borrowed from Javanese",
"Indonesian terms derived from Classical Malay",
"Indonesian terms derived from Javanese",
"Indonesian terms derived from Malay",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Classical Malay",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Malay",
"Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/abaŋ",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/abaŋ/2 syllables",
"id:Family"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "berabang"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms",
"3": "abang"
},
"expansion": "Malay abang",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ms-cla",
"3": "ابڠ",
"tr": "abang"
},
"expansion": "Classical Malay ابڠ (abang)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*abaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *abaŋ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "map-pro",
"2": "*aba",
"3": "*-ŋ",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*aba + *-ŋ",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Malay abang, from Classical Malay ابڠ (abang), from Proto-Austronesian *abaŋ (*aba + *-ŋ), *aba (“father”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abang-abang",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abang (plural abang-abang)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"word": "saudara"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian terms with usage examples",
"Jakarta Indonesian",
"Sumatran Indonesian",
"West Kalimantan Indonesian"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
3,
16
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
10
]
],
"english": "My elder brother is three years older than me.",
"text": "Umur abang saya lebih besar tiga tahun.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
25,
38
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
30,
35
]
],
"english": "Tonight, I will go to my elder brother's house.",
"text": "Nanti malam aku akan ke rumah abang.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"elder brother"
],
"links": [
[
"brother",
"brother"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly Sumatra; West Kalimantan and Jakarta; chiefly Sumatra; West Kalimantan and Jakarta",
"raw_glosses": [
"(literally or figuratively, chiefly Sumatra, West Kalimantan and Jakarta) elder brother"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literally"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a form of respect used for older young man"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Sumatran Indonesian",
"West Kalimantan Indonesian"
],
"glosses": [
"a form of address to the husband in a marriage or marital relationship"
],
"links": [
[
"husband",
"husband#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly West Kalimantan; Sumatra; chiefly West Kalimantan; Sumatra",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly West Kalimantan, Sumatra) a form of address to the husband in a marriage or marital relationship"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈabaŋ/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈa.baŋ]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-abaŋ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"Banten",
"Sundanese",
"West-Java"
],
"word": "aa"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"word": "abang"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"Banten",
"Sundanese",
"West-Java"
],
"word": "akang"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"Balinese"
],
"word": "bli"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"Chinese"
],
"word": "engkoh"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"Papua",
"Papuanese"
],
"word": "kaka"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"word": "kakak laki-laki"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"honorific"
],
"word": "kakanda"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"word": "kakang"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"Javanese"
],
"word": "kangmas"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"Chinese"
],
"word": "kokoh"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"Javanese"
],
"word": "mas"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abang",
"tags": [
"West-Sumatra"
],
"word": "uda"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian 2-syllable words",
"Indonesian adjectives",
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian heteronyms",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian terms borrowed from Javanese",
"Indonesian terms derived from Javanese",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/abaŋ",
"Rhymes:Indonesian/abaŋ/2 syllables",
"id:Family"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "jv",
"3": "ꦲꦧꦁ",
"t": "red"
},
"expansion": "Javanese ꦲꦧꦁ (abang, “red”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Javanese ꦲꦧꦁ (abang, “red”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "id-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "abangan"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian dialectal terms",
"Javanese Indonesian"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of merah (“red”)"
],
"links": [
[
"merah",
"merah#Indonesian"
]
],
"qualifier": "chiefly Java",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, chiefly Java) Synonym of merah (“red”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "red",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "merah"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈabaŋ/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈa.baŋ]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Indonesian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-abaŋ"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "jv-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Javanese",
"lang_code": "jv",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ꦲꦧꦁ"
}
],
"categories": [
"Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Javanese non-lemma forms",
"Javanese romanizations",
"Javanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of ꦲꦧꦁ"
],
"links": [
[
"ꦲꦧꦁ",
"ꦲꦧꦁ#Javanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kyj",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Karao",
"lang_code": "kyj",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Karao entries with incorrect language header",
"Karao lemmas",
"Karao nouns",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"rent money"
],
"links": [
[
"rent",
"rent"
],
[
"money",
"money"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abang (Lontara spelling ᨕᨅ)",
"name": "mak-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Makasar",
"lang_code": "mak",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Makasar entries with incorrect language header",
"Makasar lemmas",
"Makasar nouns",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"mak:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"forehead"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"forehead",
"forehead"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) forehead"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈabaŋ]"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"categories": [
"Malay doublets",
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay nouns",
"Malay terms borrowed from Javanese",
"Malay terms derived from Classical Malay",
"Malay terms derived from Javanese",
"Malay terms derived from Old Malay",
"Malay terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
"Malay terms inherited from Classical Malay",
"Malay terms inherited from Old Malay",
"Malay terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Malay/aŋ",
"Rhymes:Malay/aŋ/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Malay/baŋ",
"ms:Family"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "adoptive brother",
"word": "abang angkat"
},
{
"english": "brother-in-law",
"word": "abang ipar"
},
{
"english": "biological brother",
"word": "abang kandung"
},
{
"english": "stepbrother",
"word": "abang tiri"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "Bang",
"3": "abam"
},
"expansion": "Malay: Bang, abam",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Malay: Bang, abam"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "abang"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian: abang",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indonesian: abang"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "阿班",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "a-pan"
},
"expansion": "→ Min Nan: 阿班 (a-pan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Min Nan: 阿班 (a-pan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "บัง",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Thai: บัง (bang)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Thai: บัง (bang)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ms-cla",
"3": "ابڠ",
"tr": "abang"
},
"expansion": "Classical Malay ابڠ (abang)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ms-old",
"3": "habaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Old Malay habaŋ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*abaŋ",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *abaŋ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "map-pro",
"2": "*aba",
"3": "*-ŋ",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*aba + *-ŋ",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "awang"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of awang",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Classical Malay ابڠ (abang), from Old Malay habaŋ, from Proto-Austronesian *abaŋ (*aba + *-ŋ), *aba (“father”). Doublet of awang. Sense of older sister in south of the Peninsular and Riau displaced by kakak.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ابڠ",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "abang-abang",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bang",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bung",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "ابڠ"
},
"expansion": "abang (Jawi spelling ابڠ, plural abang-abang)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "kakak"
},
{
"english": "in royal register",
"word": "kakanda"
},
{
"word": "engko"
},
{
"word": "nana"
},
{
"word": "uda"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An older brother or male sibling."
],
"links": [
[
"brother",
"brother"
],
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"sibling",
"sibling"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Johor Malay",
"Malay ellipses",
"Malay terms with obsolete senses",
"Riau Malay"
],
"glosses": [
"- older sister or female sibling, ellipsis of abang perempuan."
],
"links": [
[
"sister",
"sister"
],
[
"abang perempuan",
"abang perempuan#Malay"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, Johor, Riau) - older sister or female sibling, ellipsis of abang perempuan."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kakak"
}
],
"tags": [
"Riau",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"form of address to a male a little older than oneself, but sometimes also to an elder son."
],
"links": [
[
"address",
"address#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"form of address used by a wife to a husband."
],
"links": [
[
"address",
"address#English"
],
[
"wife",
"wife#English"
],
[
"husband",
"husband#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kanda"
},
{
"word": "sayang"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[a.baŋ]"
},
{
"audio": "Ms-MY-abang.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2f/Ms-MY-abang.ogg/Ms-MY-abang.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Ms-MY-abang.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-baŋ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aŋ"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"categories": [
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay nouns",
"Malay terms borrowed from Javanese",
"Malay terms derived from Javanese",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Malay/aŋ",
"Rhymes:Malay/aŋ/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Malay/baŋ",
"ms:Family"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "jv",
"3": "abang"
},
"expansion": "Javanese abang",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Javanese abang.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ابڠ",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "abang-abang",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bang",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bung",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "ابڠ"
},
"expansion": "abang (Jawi spelling ابڠ, plural abang-abang)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Malay terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"The colour red."
],
"links": [
[
"colour",
"colour"
],
[
"red",
"red"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) The colour red."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "merah"
}
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[a.baŋ]"
},
{
"audio": "Ms-MY-abang.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2f/Ms-MY-abang.ogg/Ms-MY-abang.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Ms-MY-abang.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-baŋ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aŋ"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsb",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sambali",
"lang_code": "xsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sambali entries with incorrect language header",
"Sambali lemmas",
"Sambali nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"rent"
],
"links": [
[
"rent",
"rent"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bts",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "abang",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Simalungun Batak",
"lang_code": "bts",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Simalungun Batak entries with incorrect language header",
"Simalungun Batak lemmas",
"Simalungun Batak nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"abang"
],
"links": [
[
"abang",
"abang"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/aŋ",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/aŋ/2 syllables",
"Tagalog 2-syllable words",
"Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"Tagalog lemmas",
"Tagalog nouns",
"Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Tagalog terms derived from Proto-Philippine",
"Tagalog terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Tagalog terms inherited from Proto-Philippine",
"Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with audio pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "abangan"
},
{
"word": "ipag-abang"
},
{
"word": "mag-abang"
},
{
"word": "mag-abang-abang"
},
{
"word": "mang-abang"
},
{
"word": "mangabang"
},
{
"word": "pag-aabang"
},
{
"word": "pag-abang"
},
{
"word": "pangangabang"
},
{
"word": "tagaabang"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "phi-pro",
"3": "*abaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Philippine *abaŋ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*abaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *abaŋ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "akl",
"2": "abang"
},
"expansion": "Aklanon abang",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ban",
"2": "ᬳᬫ᭄ᬩᬂ",
"tr": "ambang"
},
"expansion": "Balinese ᬳᬫ᭄ᬩᬂ (ambang)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xbr",
"2": "amba"
},
"expansion": "Kambera amba",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Central Philippine *abaŋ, from Proto-Philippine *abaŋ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *abaŋ. Compare Aklanon abang, Balinese ᬳᬫ᭄ᬩᬂ (ambang), and Kambera amba.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abáng",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ᜀᜊᜅ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "abáng",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "abáng (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜊᜅ᜔)",
"name": "tl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bang"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"watcher"
],
"links": [
[
"watcher",
"watcher"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bakay"
},
{
"word": "bantay"
},
{
"word": "guwardiya"
},
{
"word": "tanod"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"trap; snare (placed or set up strategically)"
],
"links": [
[
"trap",
"trap"
],
[
"snare",
"snare"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"act of waiting (for a person, an opportunity, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"wait",
"wait"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "abat"
},
{
"word": "pag-abat"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"act of setting up a trap or snare"
],
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"setting up",
"set up"
],
[
"trap",
"trap"
],
[
"snare",
"snare"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʔaˈbaŋ/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɐˈbaŋ]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aŋ"
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "abáng",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yog",
"2": "noun",
"head": "abáng"
},
"expansion": "abáng",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Yogad",
"lang_code": "yog",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Yogad entries with incorrect language header",
"Yogad lemmas",
"Yogad nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"boat"
],
"links": [
[
"boat",
"boat"
]
]
}
],
"word": "abang"
}
Download raw JSONL data for abang meaning in All languages combined (22.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: Basahan spelling ᜀᜊᜅ᜔",
"path": [
"abang"
],
"section": "Bikol Central",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "abang",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: Basahan spelling ᜀᜊᜅ᜔",
"path": [
"abang"
],
"section": "Bikol Central",
"subsection": "adverb",
"title": "abang",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: Lontara spelling ᨕᨅ",
"path": [
"abang"
],
"section": "Makasar",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "abang",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: obsolete, Johor, Riau",
"path": [
"abang"
],
"section": "Malay",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "abang",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: obsolete, Johor, Riau",
"path": [
"abang"
],
"section": "Malay",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "abang",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (4eaa824 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.