See -ए on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀅𑀲𑀺",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Prakrit -𑀅𑀲𑀺 (-asi)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀅𑀲𑀺"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Prakrit -𑀅𑀲𑀺 (-asi)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-असि"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -असि (-asi)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*-asi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *-asi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-esi",
"pos": "second person present"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-esi (second person present)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀅𑀤𑀺",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Prakrit -𑀅𑀤𑀺 (-adi)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀅𑀤𑀺"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Prakrit -𑀅𑀤𑀺 (-adi)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-अति"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अति (-ati)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*-ati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ati",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-eti",
"pos": "third person present"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-eti (third person present)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀏𑀲𑀺",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Prakrit -𑀏𑀲𑀺 (-esi)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀏𑀲𑀺"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Prakrit -𑀏𑀲𑀺 (-esi)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-अयसि"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अयसि (-ayasi)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*-áyasi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *-áyasi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-éyesi",
"pos": "second person causative present"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-éyesi (second person causative present)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀏𑀤𑀺",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Prakrit -𑀏𑀤𑀺 (-edi)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀏𑀤𑀺"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Prakrit -𑀏𑀤𑀺 (-edi)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-अयति"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अयति (-ayati)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*-áyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *-áyati",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-éyeti",
"pos": "third person causative imperfective"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti (third person causative imperfective)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Merging from a few sources:\n* Inherited from Prakrit -𑀅𑀲𑀺 (-asi), from Sanskrit -असि (-asi), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-asi, from Proto-Indo-European *-esi (second person present).\n* Inherited from Prakrit -𑀅𑀤𑀺 (-adi), from Sanskrit -अति (-ati), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ati, from Proto-Indo-European *-eti (third person present).\n* Inherited from Prakrit -𑀏𑀲𑀺 (-esi), from Sanskrit -अयसि (-ayasi), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-áyasi, from Proto-Indo-European *-éyesi (second person causative present).\n* Inherited from Prakrit -𑀏𑀤𑀺 (-edi), from Sanskrit -अयति (-ayati), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-áyati, from Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti (third person causative imperfective).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-e",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ए • (-e)",
"name": "hi-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 0 13 13 8 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 29 0 11 11 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 0 12 12 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Marks the second-person singular simple subjunctive."
],
"id": "en--ए-hi-suffix-AFW318d2",
"links": [
[
"second-person singular",
"second-person singular#English"
],
[
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 0 13 13 8 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 29 0 11 11 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 0 12 12 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Marks the third-person singular simple subjunctive."
],
"id": "en--ए-hi-suffix-fBeqe3wU",
"links": [
[
"third-person singular",
"third-person singular#English"
],
[
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eː/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
}
],
"word": "-ए"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-अक"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अक (-aka)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "inherited"
},
"expansion": "inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-apa",
"3": "-अहिं",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "-ahiṃ",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Apabhramsa -अहिं (-ahiṃ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-apa",
"3": "-अहिं",
"nocap": "1",
"tr": "-ahiṃ"
},
"expansion": "inherited from Apabhramsa -अहिं (-ahiṃ)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀺"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit -𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀺 (-aṃsi)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-अस्मिन्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अस्मिन् (-asmin)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-apa",
"2": "-अए",
"tr": "-aĕ/-ai"
},
"expansion": "Apabhramsa -अए (-aĕ/-ai)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-अ"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अ (-a)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-apa",
"2": "-अहु",
"pos": "genitive singular",
"tr": "-ahu"
},
"expansion": "Apabhramsa -अहु (-ahu, genitive singular)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-अस्य"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अस्य (-asya)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-एन"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -एन (-ena)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "inherited"
},
"expansion": "inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-apa",
"3": "-अय",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "-aya",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Apabhramsa -अय (-aya)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-apa",
"3": "-अय",
"nocap": "1",
"tr": "-aya"
},
"expansion": "inherited from Apabhramsa -अय (-aya)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀅𑀕"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit -𑀅𑀕 (-aga)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-अक",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अक m (-aka)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "inherited"
},
"expansion": "inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-apa",
"3": "-अय",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "-aya",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Apabhramsa -अय (-aya)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-apa",
"3": "-अय",
"nocap": "1",
"tr": "-aya"
},
"expansion": "inherited from Apabhramsa -अय (-aya)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀅𑀕𑀸"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit -𑀅𑀕𑀸 (-agā)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-अकाः",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अकाः m (-akāḥ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-apa",
"3": "-अय",
"tr": "-aya"
},
"expansion": "Apabhramsa -अय (-aya)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "-ई"
},
"expansion": "Hindi -ई (-ī)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "All forms are ultimately from Sanskrit -अक (-aka):\n* The oblique singular probably inherited from Apabhramsa -अहिं (-ahiṃ), from Prakrit -𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀺 (-aṃsi), from Sanskrit -अस्मिन् (-asmin), the pronominal locative singular ending (cf. अस्मिन् (asmin), तस्मिन् (tasmin), etc). The nasality was lost due to interference from the alternative Apabhramsa -अए (-aĕ/-ai) ending, from -𑀅𑀕𑁂 (-age), ultimately from Sanskrit -अ (-a) + -के (-ke), the locative singular of -क (-ka). That this ending is continues the pronominal locative singular ending is not beyond doubt, because normally the oblique case is based on the genitive. Alternatively, this ending is the result of a crossing of the above two sources, Apabhramsa -अहु (-ahu, genitive singular) (from Sanskrit -अस्य (-asya)), and -एं (-ĕṃ/-iṃ, instrumental singular) (from Sanskrit -एन (-ena)).\n* The vocative singular inherited from Apabhramsa -अय (-aya), from Prakrit -𑀅𑀕 (-aga), from Sanskrit -अक m (-aka), the vocative singular.\n* The direct plural inherited from Apabhramsa -अय (-aya), from Prakrit -𑀅𑀕𑀸 (-agā), from Sanskrit -अकाः m (-akāḥ), the nominative plural.\n* The oblique plural Sanskrit -अकानाम् (-akānām) gave -𑀅𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀁 (-agāṇāṃ), which developed into -ओं (-õ). For adjectives, the ending was affected by haplological shortening early on resulting in -𑀅𑀕𑀸(𑀡𑀸𑀁) (-agā(ṇāṃ)), later Apabhramsa -अय (-aya) and finally -ए (-e). The oblique vocative had similar haplology. Compare Hindi -ई (-ī).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-e",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-ए • (-e)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "-ā",
"word": "-आ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oblique singular of -आ (-ā)"
],
"id": "en--ए-hi-suffix-97l4p7hl",
"links": [
[
"-आ",
"-आ#Hindi"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 0 13 13 8 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 29 0 11 11 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 0 12 12 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "-ā",
"word": "-आ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vocative singular of -आ (-ā)"
],
"id": "en--ए-hi-suffix-VVbk59HK",
"links": [
[
"-आ",
"-आ#Hindi"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 0 13 13 8 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 29 0 11 11 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 0 12 12 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "-ā",
"word": "-आ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nominative plural of -आ (-ā)"
],
"id": "en--ए-hi-suffix-tNwdhNkM",
"links": [
[
"-आ",
"-आ#Hindi"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "काले घोड़ों (kāle ghoṛõ) for \"black horses\" in the oblique plural; note the different conjugations for the adjective and noun"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(-ā) strictly for adjectives",
"word": "-आ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oblique plural of -आ (-ā) strictly for adjectives"
],
"id": "en--ए-hi-suffix-SFTBJwS7",
"links": [
[
"-आ",
"-आ#Hindi"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 0 13 13 8 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 29 0 11 11 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 28 0 12 12 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(-ā) strictly for adjectives",
"word": "-आ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vocative plural of -आ (-ā) strictly for adjectives"
],
"id": "en--ए-hi-suffix-F7tgbBeK",
"links": [
[
"-आ",
"-आ#Hindi"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eː/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
}
],
"word": "-ए"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-e",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
]
},
{
"form": "-ಎ",
"tags": [
"Kannada",
"character"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"10": "",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "Latin script",
"4": "-e",
"5": "Kannada script",
"6": "-ಎ",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f1sc": "Latn",
"f2sc": "Knda",
"g": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "",
"tr2": ""
},
"expansion": "-ए • (-e) (Latin script -e, Kannada script -ಎ)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix",
"2": "-e",
"3": "-ಎ"
},
"expansion": "-ए • (-e) (Latin script -e, Kannada script -ಎ)",
"name": "kok-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Konkani",
"lang_code": "kok",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Konkani entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"masculine plural suffix"
],
"id": "en--ए-kok-suffix-IAS~CnBc",
"links": [
[
"masculine",
"masculine#English"
],
[
"plural",
"plural#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"plural",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɛ]"
}
],
"word": "-ए"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-e",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ए • (-e)",
"name": "ne-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Nepali",
"lang_code": "ne",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Nepali entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "राम (rām, “Ram(name)”) + -ए (-e) → रामे (rāme, “Rame”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns with an attitude of disgrace."
],
"id": "en--ए-ne-suffix-OcXSm7vj",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, derogatory) Used to form nouns with an attitude of disgrace."
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"morpheme",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[‿e]"
}
],
"word": "-ए"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-e",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rjs",
"2": "suffix",
"sc": "Deva",
"tr": "-e"
},
"expansion": "-ए (-e)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Rajbanshi",
"lang_code": "rjs",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Rajbanshi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Rajbanshi terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "nothing but bones, all bones",
"roman": "haḍḍie haḍḍi",
"text": "हड्डिए हड्डि",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"emphatic suffix in reduplicated nouns"
],
"id": "en--ए-rjs-suffix-cwqXrh4M",
"links": [
[
"emphatic",
"emphatic#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ए"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*-ay",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ay",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*-ay"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ay",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-ey"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-ey",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ay, from Proto-Indo-European *-ey or *-oy, the locative singular of *-os.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-e",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "suffix form",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-ए • (-e) m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "-a",
"word": "-अ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"locative singular of -अ (-a)"
],
"id": "en--ए-sa-suffix-s9am00o0",
"links": [
[
"-अ",
"-अ#Sanskrit"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"locative",
"morpheme",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "-ए"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"Hindi lemmas",
"Hindi non-lemma forms",
"Hindi suffix forms",
"Hindi suffixes",
"Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms inherited from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀅𑀲𑀺",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Prakrit -𑀅𑀲𑀺 (-asi)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀅𑀲𑀺"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Prakrit -𑀅𑀲𑀺 (-asi)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-असि"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -असि (-asi)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*-asi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *-asi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-esi",
"pos": "second person present"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-esi (second person present)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀅𑀤𑀺",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Prakrit -𑀅𑀤𑀺 (-adi)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀅𑀤𑀺"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Prakrit -𑀅𑀤𑀺 (-adi)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-अति"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अति (-ati)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*-ati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ati",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-eti",
"pos": "third person present"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-eti (third person present)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀏𑀲𑀺",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Prakrit -𑀏𑀲𑀺 (-esi)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀏𑀲𑀺"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Prakrit -𑀏𑀲𑀺 (-esi)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-अयसि"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अयसि (-ayasi)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*-áyasi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *-áyasi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-éyesi",
"pos": "second person causative present"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-éyesi (second person causative present)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀏𑀤𑀺",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Prakrit -𑀏𑀤𑀺 (-edi)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀏𑀤𑀺"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Prakrit -𑀏𑀤𑀺 (-edi)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-अयति"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अयति (-ayati)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*-áyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *-áyati",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-éyeti",
"pos": "third person causative imperfective"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti (third person causative imperfective)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Merging from a few sources:\n* Inherited from Prakrit -𑀅𑀲𑀺 (-asi), from Sanskrit -असि (-asi), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-asi, from Proto-Indo-European *-esi (second person present).\n* Inherited from Prakrit -𑀅𑀤𑀺 (-adi), from Sanskrit -अति (-ati), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ati, from Proto-Indo-European *-eti (third person present).\n* Inherited from Prakrit -𑀏𑀲𑀺 (-esi), from Sanskrit -अयसि (-ayasi), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-áyasi, from Proto-Indo-European *-éyesi (second person causative present).\n* Inherited from Prakrit -𑀏𑀤𑀺 (-edi), from Sanskrit -अयति (-ayati), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-áyati, from Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti (third person causative imperfective).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-e",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ए • (-e)",
"name": "hi-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Marks the second-person singular simple subjunctive."
],
"links": [
[
"second-person singular",
"second-person singular#English"
],
[
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Marks the third-person singular simple subjunctive."
],
"links": [
[
"third-person singular",
"third-person singular#English"
],
[
"subjunctive",
"subjunctive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eː/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
}
],
"word": "-ए"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"Hindi non-lemma forms",
"Hindi suffix forms",
"Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms inherited from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-अक"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अक (-aka)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "inherited"
},
"expansion": "inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-apa",
"3": "-अहिं",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "-ahiṃ",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Apabhramsa -अहिं (-ahiṃ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-apa",
"3": "-अहिं",
"nocap": "1",
"tr": "-ahiṃ"
},
"expansion": "inherited from Apabhramsa -अहिं (-ahiṃ)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀺"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit -𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀺 (-aṃsi)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-अस्मिन्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अस्मिन् (-asmin)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-apa",
"2": "-अए",
"tr": "-aĕ/-ai"
},
"expansion": "Apabhramsa -अए (-aĕ/-ai)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-अ"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अ (-a)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-apa",
"2": "-अहु",
"pos": "genitive singular",
"tr": "-ahu"
},
"expansion": "Apabhramsa -अहु (-ahu, genitive singular)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-अस्य"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अस्य (-asya)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-एन"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -एन (-ena)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "inherited"
},
"expansion": "inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-apa",
"3": "-अय",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "-aya",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Apabhramsa -अय (-aya)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-apa",
"3": "-अय",
"nocap": "1",
"tr": "-aya"
},
"expansion": "inherited from Apabhramsa -अय (-aya)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀅𑀕"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit -𑀅𑀕 (-aga)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-अक",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अक m (-aka)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "inherited"
},
"expansion": "inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-apa",
"3": "-अय",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "-aya",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Apabhramsa -अय (-aya)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-apa",
"3": "-अय",
"nocap": "1",
"tr": "-aya"
},
"expansion": "inherited from Apabhramsa -अय (-aya)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra",
"3": "-𑀅𑀕𑀸"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit -𑀅𑀕𑀸 (-agā)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "-अकाः",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -अकाः m (-akāḥ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "inc-apa",
"3": "-अय",
"tr": "-aya"
},
"expansion": "Apabhramsa -अय (-aya)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "-ई"
},
"expansion": "Hindi -ई (-ī)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "All forms are ultimately from Sanskrit -अक (-aka):\n* The oblique singular probably inherited from Apabhramsa -अहिं (-ahiṃ), from Prakrit -𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀺 (-aṃsi), from Sanskrit -अस्मिन् (-asmin), the pronominal locative singular ending (cf. अस्मिन् (asmin), तस्मिन् (tasmin), etc). The nasality was lost due to interference from the alternative Apabhramsa -अए (-aĕ/-ai) ending, from -𑀅𑀕𑁂 (-age), ultimately from Sanskrit -अ (-a) + -के (-ke), the locative singular of -क (-ka). That this ending is continues the pronominal locative singular ending is not beyond doubt, because normally the oblique case is based on the genitive. Alternatively, this ending is the result of a crossing of the above two sources, Apabhramsa -अहु (-ahu, genitive singular) (from Sanskrit -अस्य (-asya)), and -एं (-ĕṃ/-iṃ, instrumental singular) (from Sanskrit -एन (-ena)).\n* The vocative singular inherited from Apabhramsa -अय (-aya), from Prakrit -𑀅𑀕 (-aga), from Sanskrit -अक m (-aka), the vocative singular.\n* The direct plural inherited from Apabhramsa -अय (-aya), from Prakrit -𑀅𑀕𑀸 (-agā), from Sanskrit -अकाः m (-akāḥ), the nominative plural.\n* The oblique plural Sanskrit -अकानाम् (-akānām) gave -𑀅𑀕𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀁 (-agāṇāṃ), which developed into -ओं (-õ). For adjectives, the ending was affected by haplological shortening early on resulting in -𑀅𑀕𑀸(𑀡𑀸𑀁) (-agā(ṇāṃ)), later Apabhramsa -अय (-aya) and finally -ए (-e). The oblique vocative had similar haplology. Compare Hindi -ई (-ī).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-e",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-ए • (-e)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "-ā",
"word": "-आ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oblique singular of -आ (-ā)"
],
"links": [
[
"-आ",
"-आ#Hindi"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "-ā",
"word": "-आ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vocative singular of -आ (-ā)"
],
"links": [
[
"-आ",
"-आ#Hindi"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "-ā",
"word": "-आ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nominative plural of -आ (-ā)"
],
"links": [
[
"-आ",
"-आ#Hindi"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "काले घोड़ों (kāle ghoṛõ) for \"black horses\" in the oblique plural; note the different conjugations for the adjective and noun"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(-ā) strictly for adjectives",
"word": "-आ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oblique plural of -आ (-ā) strictly for adjectives"
],
"links": [
[
"-आ",
"-आ#Hindi"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(-ā) strictly for adjectives",
"word": "-आ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vocative plural of -आ (-ā) strictly for adjectives"
],
"links": [
[
"-आ",
"-आ#Hindi"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eː/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
}
],
"word": "-ए"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-e",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
]
},
{
"form": "-ಎ",
"tags": [
"Kannada",
"character"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"10": "",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "Latin script",
"4": "-e",
"5": "Kannada script",
"6": "-ಎ",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f1sc": "Latn",
"f2sc": "Knda",
"g": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "",
"tr2": ""
},
"expansion": "-ए • (-e) (Latin script -e, Kannada script -ಎ)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix",
"2": "-e",
"3": "-ಎ"
},
"expansion": "-ए • (-e) (Latin script -e, Kannada script -ಎ)",
"name": "kok-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Konkani",
"lang_code": "kok",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Konkani entries with incorrect language header",
"Konkani lemmas",
"Konkani suffixes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"masculine plural suffix"
],
"links": [
[
"masculine",
"masculine#English"
],
[
"plural",
"plural#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"plural",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɛ]"
}
],
"word": "-ए"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-e",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ए • (-e)",
"name": "ne-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Nepali",
"lang_code": "ne",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Nepali derogatory terms",
"Nepali entries with incorrect language header",
"Nepali lemmas",
"Nepali slang",
"Nepali suffixes",
"Nepali terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "राम (rām, “Ram(name)”) + -ए (-e) → रामे (rāme, “Rame”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns with an attitude of disgrace."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, derogatory) Used to form nouns with an attitude of disgrace."
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"morpheme",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[‿e]"
}
],
"word": "-ए"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-e",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rjs",
"2": "suffix",
"sc": "Deva",
"tr": "-e"
},
"expansion": "-ए (-e)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Rajbanshi",
"lang_code": "rjs",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rajbanshi entries with incorrect language header",
"Rajbanshi lemmas",
"Rajbanshi suffixes",
"Rajbanshi terms with redundant script codes",
"Rajbanshi terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "nothing but bones, all bones",
"roman": "haḍḍie haḍḍi",
"text": "हड्डिए हड्डि",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"emphatic suffix in reduplicated nouns"
],
"links": [
[
"emphatic",
"emphatic#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ए"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*-ay",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ay",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*-ay"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ay",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-ey"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-ey",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ay, from Proto-Indo-European *-ey or *-oy, the locative singular of *-os.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-e",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "suffix form",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-ए • (-e) m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"Sanskrit non-lemma forms",
"Sanskrit suffix forms",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "-a",
"word": "-अ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"locative singular of -अ (-a)"
],
"links": [
[
"-अ",
"-अ#Sanskrit"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"locative",
"morpheme",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "-ए"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ए meaning in All languages combined (15.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.