See 讀 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 讀 meaning in All languages combined (36.4kB)
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "CJKV characters simplified differently in Japan and China",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Han char with multiple ids",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"讀 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+15, 22 strokes, cangjie input 卜口土田金 (YRGWC), four-corner 0468₆, composition ⿰訁賣 or ⿰訁𧶠)"
],
"id": "en-讀-mul-character-vlFY4UzB",
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"訁",
"訁#Translingual"
],
[
"賣",
"賣#Translingual"
],
[
"𧶠",
"𧶠#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shinjitai",
"Simplified Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
]
}
],
"word": "讀"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "一讀會"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "一读会"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "sāndú",
"word": "三讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "sāndú",
"word": "三读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "三讀會"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "三读会"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "伏讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "伏读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "低幼讀物"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "低幼读物"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bàndú",
"word": "伴讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bàndú",
"word": "伴读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shìdú",
"word": "侍讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shìdú",
"word": "侍读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "俗讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "俗读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pàndú",
"word": "判讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pàndú",
"word": "判读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "十年讀書"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "十年读书"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bàngōngbàndú",
"word": "半工半讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bàngōngbàndú",
"word": "半工半读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "又讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "又读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kědúxìng",
"word": "可讀性"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kědúxìng",
"word": "可读性"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lìdú",
"word": "吏讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lìdú",
"word": "吏读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "唯讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "唯读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xuāndú",
"word": "宣讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xuāndú",
"word": "宣读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shěndú",
"word": "審讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shěndú",
"word": "审读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dǎodú",
"word": "導讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dǎodú",
"word": "导读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jiùdú",
"word": "就讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jiùdú",
"word": "就读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "展讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "展读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gōngdú",
"word": "工讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gōngdú",
"word": "工读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gōngdúshēng",
"word": "工讀生"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gōngdúshēng",
"word": "工读生"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fùdú",
"word": "復讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fùdú",
"word": "复读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gōngdú",
"word": "恭讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gōngdú",
"word": "恭读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "悔讀南華"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "悔读南华"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "披讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "披读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bàidú",
"word": "拜讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bàidú",
"word": "拜读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "掛角讀書"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "挂角读书"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "捧讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "捧读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gōngdú",
"word": "攻讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gōngdú",
"word": "攻读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "教讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "教读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "映月讀書"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "映月读书"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "映雪讀書"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "映雪读书"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "書讀五車"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "书读五车"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yǒu biān dú biān",
"word": "有邊讀邊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yǒu biān dú biān",
"word": "有边读边"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lǎngdú",
"word": "朗讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lǎngdú",
"word": "朗读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "熟讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "熟读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "熟讀玩味"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "熟读玩味"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "熟讀精思"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "熟读精思"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "牧羊讀書"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "牧羊读书"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yìdú",
"word": "異讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yìdú",
"word": "异读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "báidú",
"word": "白讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "báidú",
"word": "白读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bǎidúbùyàn",
"word": "百讀不厭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bǎidúbùyàn",
"word": "百读不厌"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "盲人讀物"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "盲人读物"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yándú",
"word": "研讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yándú",
"word": "研读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pòdú",
"word": "破讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "pòdú",
"word": "破读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jīngdú",
"word": "精讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jīngdú",
"word": "精读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "耕讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "耕读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "耕讀傳家"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "耕读传家"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "耽讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "耽读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chúndú",
"word": "脣讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "chúndú",
"word": "唇读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jiědú",
"word": "解讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "jiědú",
"word": "解读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xùndú",
"word": "訓讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xùndú",
"word": "训读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "sòngdú",
"word": "誦讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "sòngdú",
"word": "诵读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "wùdú",
"word": "誤讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "wùdú",
"word": "误读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "課外讀物"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "课外读物"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "諷讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "讽读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "講讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "讲读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "讀不捨手"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "读不舍手"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tha̍k-chheh",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "讀冊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tha̍k-chheh",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "读册"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "讀卡機"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "读卡机"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "讀友"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "读友"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúqǔ",
"word": "讀取"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúqǔ",
"word": "读取"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúxiě",
"word": "讀寫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúxiě",
"word": "读写"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "讀律"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "读律"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúhòugǎn",
"word": "讀後感"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúhòugǎn",
"word": "读后感"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúshù",
"word": "讀數"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúshù",
"word": "读数"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúshū",
"word": "讀書"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúshū",
"word": "读书"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "讀書三到"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "读书三到"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "讀書三餘"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "读书三余"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúshūrén",
"word": "讀書人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúshūrén",
"word": "读书人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "讀書明理"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "读书明理"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúshū pò wànjuàn",
"word": "讀書破萬卷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúshū pò wànjuàn",
"word": "读书破万卷"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "讀書種子"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "读书种子"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúshū shízì",
"word": "讀書識字"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúshū shízì",
"word": "读书识字"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "讀會"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "读会"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúběn",
"word": "讀本"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúběn",
"word": "读本"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúsǐshū",
"word": "讀死書"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúsǐshū",
"word": "读死书"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "讀法"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "读法"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "讀為"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "读为"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúwù",
"word": "讀物"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúwù",
"word": "读物"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "讀畫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "读画"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúpò",
"word": "讀破"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúpò",
"word": "读破"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúpòjù",
"word": "讀破句"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúpòjù",
"word": "读破句"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúmiǎo",
"word": "讀秒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúmiǎo",
"word": "读秒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dújīng",
"word": "讀經"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dújīng",
"word": "读经"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúzhě",
"word": "讀者"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúzhě",
"word": "读者"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "讀者投書"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "读者投书"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "讀者文摘"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "读者文摘"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "讀脣術"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "读唇术"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúruò",
"word": "讀若"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúruò",
"word": "读若"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúyīn",
"word": "讀音"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dúyīn",
"word": "读音"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "走讀生"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "走读生"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "輟讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "辍读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "轉讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "转读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "通俗讀物"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "通俗读物"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tōngdú",
"word": "通讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tōngdú",
"word": "通读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "速讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "速读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xuǎndú",
"word": "選讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xuǎndú",
"word": "选读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "選讀生"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "选读生"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "重讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "重读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yuèdú",
"word": "閱讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yuèdú",
"word": "阅读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "閱讀機"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "阅读机"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "附讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "附读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yīndú",
"word": "音讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yīndú",
"word": "音读"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bǎodúshīshū",
"word": "飽讀詩書"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bǎodúshīshū",
"word": "饱读诗书"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "mòdú",
"word": "默讀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "mòdú",
"word": "默读"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "đọc",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: đọc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Vietnamese: đọc"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "doeg",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Zhuang: doeg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Zhuang: doeg"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "ཀློག",
"3": "",
"4": "to read; to recite"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan ཀློག (klog, “to read; to recite”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Starostin"
},
"expansion": "Starostin",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*k-lok",
"4": "",
"5": "to recite; to give notice"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-lok (“to recite; to give notice”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "လျှောက်",
"3": "",
"4": "to tell; to ask; to petition; word-for-word translation; indiscriminately"
},
"expansion": "Burmese လျှောက် (hlyauk, “to tell; to ask; to petition; word-for-word translation; indiscriminately”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lus",
"2": "thlûk",
"3": "",
"4": "accent, tone, intonation"
},
"expansion": "Mizo thlûk (“accent, tone, intonation”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "讟",
"2": "resentment, slander < to grumble; complaint"
},
"expansion": "讟 (OC *l'oːɡ, “resentment, slander < to grumble; complaint”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*s-g-(l/r)əwk",
"4": "",
"5": "to read"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-g-(l/r)əwk (“to read”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "牘",
"2": "tablet"
},
"expansion": "牘 (OC *l'oːɡ, “tablet”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Sagart (1999)"
},
"expansion": "Sagart (1999)",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "“To say aloud, to tell” (Shijing) > “to recite” > “to read”.\nCognate with Tibetan ཀློག (klog, “to read; to recite”). Starostin sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-lok (“to recite; to give notice”) for this, and also includes Burmese လျှောက် (hlyauk, “to tell; to ask; to petition; word-for-word translation; indiscriminately”) and Mizo thlûk (“accent, tone, intonation”). Related to 讟 (OC *l'oːɡ, “resentment, slander < to grumble; complaint”).\nSTEDT provisionally sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-g-(l/r)əwk (“to read”), relating it to 牘 (OC *l'oːɡ, “tablet”).\nSagart (1999) argues that “read” cannot be the primary meaning, since existence of the concept “to read” before the invention of writing is questionable. There is likely no writing at the time of the split between Chinese and other Sino-Tibetan languages, therefore the Tibetan word may represent a borrowing from Chinese.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "讀",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to say aloud; to tell"
],
"id": "en-讀-zh-character-7dUJ78wV",
"links": [
[
"say",
"say"
],
[
"aloud",
"aloud"
],
[
"tell",
"tell"
]
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to read; reading",
"roman": "dúshū",
"text": "讀書／读书",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to read",
"roman": "yuèdú",
"text": "閱讀／阅读",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "This article is worth reading.",
"ref": "這篇文章值得一讀。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "这篇文章值得一读。 [MSC, simp.]\nZhè piān wénzhāng zhíde yī dú. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to read (silently); to peruse"
],
"id": "en-讀-zh-character-oc5mWDls",
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
],
[
"peruse",
"peruse"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "看"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 3 36 0 13 22 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Beginning Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 51 0 11 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to read aloud",
"roman": "lǎngdú",
"text": "朗讀／朗读",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "read the side if any; read the middle part if there is no side",
"ref": "有邊讀邊，沒邊讀中間 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "有边读边，没边读中间 [MSC, simp.]\nyǒu biān dú biān, méi biān dú zhōngjiān [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "second reading (of a bill)",
"roman": "èrdú",
"text": "二讀／二读",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to read aloud; to read out"
],
"id": "en-讀-zh-character-rSxwlQct",
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
],
[
"aloud",
"aloud"
],
[
"out",
"out"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to study at a university",
"roman": "dú dàxué",
"text": "讀大學／读大学",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "讀會計／读会计 [Cantonese] ― duk⁶ wui⁶ gai³ [Jyutping] ― to study accounting",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to study"
],
"id": "en-讀-zh-character-nUOYYRNk",
"links": [
[
"study",
"study"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "How do you pronounce this character?",
"roman": "Zhège zì zěnme dú?",
"text": "這個字怎麼讀？／这个字怎么读？",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to pronounce (a character, a word, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-讀-zh-character-Qy5Y6o7J",
"links": [
[
"pronounce",
"pronounce"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "唸"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "pronunciation (of characters)",
"roman": "dúyīn",
"text": "讀音／读音",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "variant pronunciation",
"roman": "yìdú",
"text": "異讀／异读",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "literary reading",
"roman": "wéndú",
"text": "文讀／文读",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pronunciation"
],
"id": "en-讀-zh-character-zpeNx4Kd",
"links": [
[
"pronunciation",
"pronunciation"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "du²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "du²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "дў"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "dw"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "duk⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "uuk⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "tuh⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thu̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tug⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "dueh⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "dŭ"
},
{
"zh-pron": "tĕ̤k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "tha̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "tho̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tag⁸"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁸doq"
},
{
"zh-pron": "dou⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "dú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "dwu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ду"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "du"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "du"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu²¹/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "duk⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "duhk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "duk⁹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "dug⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊk̚²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "uuk⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɵk̚³²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "tuh⁷"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰuʔ²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thu̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tug"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tug⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰuk̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰʊk̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "dueh⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuəʔ⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "dŭ"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "tĕ̤k"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰøyʔ⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tha̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "tak"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰak̚²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Jinjiang",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰak̚¹²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tho̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "tok"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔk̚¹²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔk̚²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Jinjiang",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tha̍k"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁸doq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "doh^入"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵doq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/doʔ¹²/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/doʔ²³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/təu̯²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "duwk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*C.lˤok/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*l'oːɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊk̚²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɵk̚³²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰuʔ²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰuk̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰʊk̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuəʔ⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰøyʔ⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰak̚²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰak̚¹²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔk̚¹²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔk̚²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/doʔ¹²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/doʔ²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/təu̯²⁴/"
},
{
"other": "/*C.lˤok/"
},
{
"other": "/*l'oːɡ/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shijing"
],
"word": "讀"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Starostin"
},
"expansion": "Starostin",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A late attested reading. Starostin thinks it is from the *-s pronunciation of Etymology 1.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "讀",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "jùdòu",
"word": "句讀"
},
{
"roman": "jùdòu",
"word": "句读"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "periods and commas, sentences and clauses",
"roman": "jùdòu",
"text": "句讀／句读",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"short pause in reading; part of a sentence; clause"
],
"id": "en-讀-zh-character-yW~75vCT",
"links": [
[
"short",
"short"
],
[
"pause",
"pause"
],
[
"clause",
"clause"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dòu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄡˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "dau⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "eu⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "têu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "tāu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "tō͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "dao⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "dòu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dòu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tou⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dòu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "dow"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "доу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "dou"
},
{
"ipa": "/toʊ̯⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "dau⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dauh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dau⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "deo⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɐu̯²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "eu⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/eu³²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰeu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tāu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tōo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "dau"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "do"
},
{
"ipa": "/tau²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tau⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tau²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tau³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tau³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tāu"
},
{
"ipa": "/tau¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/toʊ̯⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɐu̯²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/eu³²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰeu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tau²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tau⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tau²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tau³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tau³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tau¹¹/"
}
],
"word": "讀"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "読",
"tags": [
"shinjitai"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Uncommon kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to read"
],
"id": "en-讀-ja-character-OQnC8LFq",
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"tags": [
"Hyōgai",
"kanji",
"kyūjitai",
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Uncommon kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"phrase, clause, part of a sentence, e.g. 読点 (lit. \"clause mark\", i.e. comma)"
],
"id": "en-讀-ja-character-EqmsZP6D",
"links": [
[
"clause",
"clause"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(とう) phrase, clause, part of a sentence, e.g. 読点 (lit. \"clause mark\", i.e. comma)"
],
"tags": [
"Hyōgai",
"kanji",
"kyūjitai",
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"word": "讀"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "讀"
},
"expansion": "讀 (MC duwk)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "똑〮"
},
"expansion": "똑〮",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "東國正韻 / 동국정운",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "東國正韻 / 동국정운",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "s:동국정운",
"3": "東國正韻 / 동국정운",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "東國正韻 / 동국정운",
"name": "lw"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "똑〮",
"2": "ttwók"
},
"expansion": "Recorded as Middle Korean 똑〮 (Yale: ttwók) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.",
"name": "hanja-dongguk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "독"
},
"expansion": "독 (twok)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "新增類合 / 신증유합"
},
"expansion": "新增類合 / 신증유합",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "독",
"2": "twok",
"hun": "닐글 독"
},
"expansion": "Recorded as Middle Korean 독 (twok)^訓 (Yale: twok) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.",
"name": "hanja-sinjeung"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "* Recorded as Middle Korean 똑〮 (Yale: ttwók) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.\n* Recorded as Middle Korean <i class=\"Kore mention\" lang=\"okm\">독</i> (twok)^訓 (Yale: twok) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.",
"2": "Historical readings",
"bg": "#FFFFFF"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "collapse"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 讀 (MC duwk).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "읽을 독",
"roman": "ilgeul dok",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "읽다",
"2": "읽을",
"3": "독"
},
"expansion": "讀 (eumhun 읽을 독 (ilgeul dok))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to read",
"word": "독"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "朗讀",
"roman": "nangdok",
"word": "낭독"
},
{
"alt": "讀者",
"roman": "dokja",
"word": "독자"
},
{
"alt": "讀誦",
"roman": "doksong",
"word": "독송"
},
{
"alt": "精讀",
"roman": "jeongdok",
"word": "정독"
},
{
"alt": "速讀",
"roman": "sokdok",
"word": "속독"
},
{
"alt": "多讀",
"roman": "dadok",
"word": "다독"
},
{
"alt": "解讀",
"roman": "haedok",
"word": "해독"
},
{
"alt": "熱讀",
"roman": "yeoldok",
"word": "열독"
},
{
"alt": "默讀",
"roman": "mukdok",
"word": "묵독"
},
{
"alt": "誤讀",
"roman": "odok",
"word": "오독"
},
{
"alt": "通讀",
"roman": "tongdok",
"word": "통독"
},
{
"alt": "購讀",
"roman": "gudok",
"word": "구독"
},
{
"alt": "讀音",
"roman": "dogeum",
"word": "독음"
},
{
"alt": "濫讀",
"roman": "namdok",
"word": "남독"
},
{
"alt": "音讀",
"roman": "eumdok",
"word": "음독"
},
{
"alt": "訓讀",
"roman": "hundok",
"word": "훈독"
},
{
"alt": "讀本",
"roman": "dokbon",
"word": "독본"
},
{
"alt": "讀習",
"roman": "dokseup",
"word": "독습"
},
{
"alt": "必讀",
"roman": "pildok",
"word": "필독"
},
{
"alt": "讀書",
"english": "reading a book",
"roman": "dokseo",
"word": "독서"
},
{
"alt": "讀後感",
"roman": "dokhugam",
"word": "독후감"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 독 (“to read”)."
],
"id": "en-讀-ko-character-GtMU~6Re",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"독",
"독#Korean"
],
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[to̞k̚]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"other": "[독]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Dongguk Jeongun",
"ko:신증유합"
],
"word": "讀"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "讀",
"tr": "duwH"
},
"expansion": "讀 (MC duwH)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "뚜ᇢ〮"
},
"expansion": "뚜ᇢ〮",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "東國正韻 / 동국정운",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "東國正韻 / 동국정운",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "s:동국정운",
"3": "東國正韻 / 동국정운",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "東國正韻 / 동국정운",
"name": "lw"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "뚜ᇢ〮",
"2": "ttwúw"
},
"expansion": "Recorded as Middle Korean 뚜ᇢ〮 (Yale: ttwúw) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.",
"name": "hanja-dongguk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "* Recorded as Middle Korean 뚜ᇢ〮 (Yale: ttwúw) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.",
"2": "Historical readings",
"bg": "#FFFFFF"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "collapse"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 讀 (MC duwH).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "구절 두",
"roman": "gujeol du",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "구절",
"2": "두"
},
"expansion": "讀 (eumhun 구절 두 (gujeol du))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "short pause in reading, part of a sentence, clause",
"word": "두"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "吏讀",
"roman": "idu",
"word": "이두"
},
{
"alt": "句讀",
"english": "period and comma, sentence and clause",
"roman": "gudu",
"word": "구두"
},
{
"alt": "句讀法",
"roman": "gudubeop",
"word": "구두법"
},
{
"alt": "句讀點",
"english": "punctuation mark",
"roman": "gudujeom",
"word": "구두점"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 두 (“short pause in reading, part of a sentence, clause”)."
],
"id": "en-讀-ko-character-XrfU3CE1",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"두",
"두#Korean"
],
[
"short",
"short"
],
[
"pause",
"pause"
],
[
"clause",
"clause"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tu]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"other": "[두]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Dongguk Jeongun"
],
"word": "讀"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "độc",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "đọc",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "đậu",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "đặt",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"id": "en-讀-vi-character-47DEQpj8",
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "讀"
}
{
"categories": [
"Beginning Mandarin",
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Eastern Min verbs",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min nouns",
"Northern Min verbs",
"Old Chinese lemmas"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "一讀會"
},
{
"word": "一读会"
},
{
"roman": "sāndú",
"word": "三讀"
},
{
"roman": "sāndú",
"word": "三读"
},
{
"word": "三讀會"
},
{
"word": "三读会"
},
{
"word": "伏讀"
},
{
"word": "伏读"
},
{
"word": "低幼讀物"
},
{
"word": "低幼读物"
},
{
"roman": "bàndú",
"word": "伴讀"
},
{
"roman": "bàndú",
"word": "伴读"
},
{
"roman": "shìdú",
"word": "侍讀"
},
{
"roman": "shìdú",
"word": "侍读"
},
{
"word": "俗讀"
},
{
"word": "俗读"
},
{
"roman": "pàndú",
"word": "判讀"
},
{
"roman": "pàndú",
"word": "判读"
},
{
"word": "十年讀書"
},
{
"word": "十年读书"
},
{
"roman": "bàngōngbàndú",
"word": "半工半讀"
},
{
"roman": "bàngōngbàndú",
"word": "半工半读"
},
{
"word": "又讀"
},
{
"word": "又读"
},
{
"roman": "kědúxìng",
"word": "可讀性"
},
{
"roman": "kědúxìng",
"word": "可读性"
},
{
"roman": "lìdú",
"word": "吏讀"
},
{
"roman": "lìdú",
"word": "吏读"
},
{
"word": "唯讀"
},
{
"word": "唯读"
},
{
"roman": "xuāndú",
"word": "宣讀"
},
{
"roman": "xuāndú",
"word": "宣读"
},
{
"roman": "shěndú",
"word": "審讀"
},
{
"roman": "shěndú",
"word": "审读"
},
{
"roman": "dǎodú",
"word": "導讀"
},
{
"roman": "dǎodú",
"word": "导读"
},
{
"roman": "jiùdú",
"word": "就讀"
},
{
"roman": "jiùdú",
"word": "就读"
},
{
"word": "展讀"
},
{
"word": "展读"
},
{
"roman": "gōngdú",
"word": "工讀"
},
{
"roman": "gōngdú",
"word": "工读"
},
{
"roman": "gōngdúshēng",
"word": "工讀生"
},
{
"roman": "gōngdúshēng",
"word": "工读生"
},
{
"roman": "fùdú",
"word": "復讀"
},
{
"roman": "fùdú",
"word": "复读"
},
{
"roman": "gōngdú",
"word": "恭讀"
},
{
"roman": "gōngdú",
"word": "恭读"
},
{
"word": "悔讀南華"
},
{
"word": "悔读南华"
},
{
"word": "披讀"
},
{
"word": "披读"
},
{
"roman": "bàidú",
"word": "拜讀"
},
{
"roman": "bàidú",
"word": "拜读"
},
{
"word": "掛角讀書"
},
{
"word": "挂角读书"
},
{
"word": "捧讀"
},
{
"word": "捧读"
},
{
"roman": "gōngdú",
"word": "攻讀"
},
{
"roman": "gōngdú",
"word": "攻读"
},
{
"word": "教讀"
},
{
"word": "教读"
},
{
"word": "映月讀書"
},
{
"word": "映月读书"
},
{
"word": "映雪讀書"
},
{
"word": "映雪读书"
},
{
"word": "書讀五車"
},
{
"word": "书读五车"
},
{
"roman": "yǒu biān dú biān",
"word": "有邊讀邊"
},
{
"roman": "yǒu biān dú biān",
"word": "有边读边"
},
{
"roman": "lǎngdú",
"word": "朗讀"
},
{
"roman": "lǎngdú",
"word": "朗读"
},
{
"word": "熟讀"
},
{
"word": "熟读"
},
{
"word": "熟讀玩味"
},
{
"word": "熟读玩味"
},
{
"word": "熟讀精思"
},
{
"word": "熟读精思"
},
{
"word": "牧羊讀書"
},
{
"word": "牧羊读书"
},
{
"roman": "yìdú",
"word": "異讀"
},
{
"roman": "yìdú",
"word": "异读"
},
{
"roman": "báidú",
"word": "白讀"
},
{
"roman": "báidú",
"word": "白读"
},
{
"roman": "bǎidúbùyàn",
"word": "百讀不厭"
},
{
"roman": "bǎidúbùyàn",
"word": "百读不厌"
},
{
"word": "盲人讀物"
},
{
"word": "盲人读物"
},
{
"roman": "yándú",
"word": "研讀"
},
{
"roman": "yándú",
"word": "研读"
},
{
"roman": "pòdú",
"word": "破讀"
},
{
"roman": "pòdú",
"word": "破读"
},
{
"roman": "jīngdú",
"word": "精讀"
},
{
"roman": "jīngdú",
"word": "精读"
},
{
"word": "耕讀"
},
{
"word": "耕读"
},
{
"word": "耕讀傳家"
},
{
"word": "耕读传家"
},
{
"word": "耽讀"
},
{
"word": "耽读"
},
{
"roman": "chúndú",
"word": "脣讀"
},
{
"roman": "chúndú",
"word": "唇读"
},
{
"roman": "jiědú",
"word": "解讀"
},
{
"roman": "jiědú",
"word": "解读"
},
{
"roman": "xùndú",
"word": "訓讀"
},
{
"roman": "xùndú",
"word": "训读"
},
{
"roman": "sòngdú",
"word": "誦讀"
},
{
"roman": "sòngdú",
"word": "诵读"
},
{
"roman": "wùdú",
"word": "誤讀"
},
{
"roman": "wùdú",
"word": "误读"
},
{
"word": "課外讀物"
},
{
"word": "课外读物"
},
{
"word": "諷讀"
},
{
"word": "讽读"
},
{
"word": "講讀"
},
{
"word": "讲读"
},
{
"word": "讀不捨手"
},
{
"word": "读不舍手"
},
{
"roman": "tha̍k-chheh",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "讀冊"
},
{
"roman": "tha̍k-chheh",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "读册"
},
{
"word": "讀卡機"
},
{
"word": "读卡机"
},
{
"word": "讀友"
},
{
"word": "读友"
},
{
"roman": "dúqǔ",
"word": "讀取"
},
{
"roman": "dúqǔ",
"word": "读取"
},
{
"roman": "dúxiě",
"word": "讀寫"
},
{
"roman": "dúxiě",
"word": "读写"
},
{
"word": "讀律"
},
{
"word": "读律"
},
{
"roman": "dúhòugǎn",
"word": "讀後感"
},
{
"roman": "dúhòugǎn",
"word": "读后感"
},
{
"roman": "dúshù",
"word": "讀數"
},
{
"roman": "dúshù",
"word": "读数"
},
{
"roman": "dúshū",
"word": "讀書"
},
{
"roman": "dúshū",
"word": "读书"
},
{
"word": "讀書三到"
},
{
"word": "读书三到"
},
{
"word": "讀書三餘"
},
{
"word": "读书三余"
},
{
"roman": "dúshūrén",
"word": "讀書人"
},
{
"roman": "dúshūrén",
"word": "读书人"
},
{
"word": "讀書明理"
},
{
"word": "读书明理"
},
{
"roman": "dúshū pò wànjuàn",
"word": "讀書破萬卷"
},
{
"roman": "dúshū pò wànjuàn",
"word": "读书破万卷"
},
{
"word": "讀書種子"
},
{
"word": "读书种子"
},
{
"roman": "dúshū shízì",
"word": "讀書識字"
},
{
"roman": "dúshū shízì",
"word": "读书识字"
},
{
"word": "讀會"
},
{
"word": "读会"
},
{
"roman": "dúběn",
"word": "讀本"
},
{
"roman": "dúběn",
"word": "读本"
},
{
"roman": "dúsǐshū",
"word": "讀死書"
},
{
"roman": "dúsǐshū",
"word": "读死书"
},
{
"word": "讀法"
},
{
"word": "读法"
},
{
"word": "讀為"
},
{
"word": "读为"
},
{
"roman": "dúwù",
"word": "讀物"
},
{
"roman": "dúwù",
"word": "读物"
},
{
"word": "讀畫"
},
{
"word": "读画"
},
{
"roman": "dúpò",
"word": "讀破"
},
{
"roman": "dúpò",
"word": "读破"
},
{
"roman": "dúpòjù",
"word": "讀破句"
},
{
"roman": "dúpòjù",
"word": "读破句"
},
{
"roman": "dúmiǎo",
"word": "讀秒"
},
{
"roman": "dúmiǎo",
"word": "读秒"
},
{
"roman": "dújīng",
"word": "讀經"
},
{
"roman": "dújīng",
"word": "读经"
},
{
"roman": "dúzhě",
"word": "讀者"
},
{
"roman": "dúzhě",
"word": "读者"
},
{
"word": "讀者投書"
},
{
"word": "读者投书"
},
{
"word": "讀者文摘"
},
{
"word": "读者文摘"
},
{
"word": "讀脣術"
},
{
"word": "读唇术"
},
{
"roman": "dúruò",
"word": "讀若"
},
{
"roman": "dúruò",
"word": "读若"
},
{
"roman": "dúyīn",
"word": "讀音"
},
{
"roman": "dúyīn",
"word": "读音"
},
{
"word": "走讀生"
},
{
"word": "走读生"
},
{
"word": "輟讀"
},
{
"word": "辍读"
},
{
"word": "轉讀"
},
{
"word": "转读"
},
{
"word": "通俗讀物"
},
{
"word": "通俗读物"
},
{
"roman": "tōngdú",
"word": "通讀"
},
{
"roman": "tōngdú",
"word": "通读"
},
{
"word": "速讀"
},
{
"word": "速读"
},
{
"roman": "xuǎndú",
"word": "選讀"
},
{
"roman": "xuǎndú",
"word": "选读"
},
{
"word": "選讀生"
},
{
"word": "选读生"
},
{
"word": "重讀"
},
{
"word": "重读"
},
{
"roman": "yuèdú",
"word": "閱讀"
},
{
"roman": "yuèdú",
"word": "阅读"
},
{
"word": "閱讀機"
},
{
"word": "阅读机"
},
{
"word": "附讀"
},
{
"word": "附读"
},
{
"roman": "yīndú",
"word": "音讀"
},
{
"roman": "yīndú",
"word": "音读"
},
{
"roman": "bǎodúshīshū",
"word": "飽讀詩書"
},
{
"roman": "bǎodúshīshū",
"word": "饱读诗书"
},
{
"roman": "mòdú",
"word": "默讀"
},
{
"roman": "mòdú",
"word": "默读"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "đọc",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: đọc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Vietnamese: đọc"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "doeg",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Zhuang: doeg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Zhuang: doeg"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "ཀློག",
"3": "",
"4": "to read; to recite"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan ཀློག (klog, “to read; to recite”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Starostin"
},
"expansion": "Starostin",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*k-lok",
"4": "",
"5": "to recite; to give notice"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-lok (“to recite; to give notice”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "လျှောက်",
"3": "",
"4": "to tell; to ask; to petition; word-for-word translation; indiscriminately"
},
"expansion": "Burmese လျှောက် (hlyauk, “to tell; to ask; to petition; word-for-word translation; indiscriminately”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lus",
"2": "thlûk",
"3": "",
"4": "accent, tone, intonation"
},
"expansion": "Mizo thlûk (“accent, tone, intonation”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "讟",
"2": "resentment, slander < to grumble; complaint"
},
"expansion": "讟 (OC *l'oːɡ, “resentment, slander < to grumble; complaint”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*s-g-(l/r)əwk",
"4": "",
"5": "to read"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-g-(l/r)əwk (“to read”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "牘",
"2": "tablet"
},
"expansion": "牘 (OC *l'oːɡ, “tablet”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Sagart (1999)"
},
"expansion": "Sagart (1999)",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "“To say aloud, to tell” (Shijing) > “to recite” > “to read”.\nCognate with Tibetan ཀློག (klog, “to read; to recite”). Starostin sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-lok (“to recite; to give notice”) for this, and also includes Burmese လျှောက် (hlyauk, “to tell; to ask; to petition; word-for-word translation; indiscriminately”) and Mizo thlûk (“accent, tone, intonation”). Related to 讟 (OC *l'oːɡ, “resentment, slander < to grumble; complaint”).\nSTEDT provisionally sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-g-(l/r)əwk (“to read”), relating it to 牘 (OC *l'oːɡ, “tablet”).\nSagart (1999) argues that “read” cannot be the primary meaning, since existence of the concept “to read” before the invention of writing is questionable. There is likely no writing at the time of the split between Chinese and other Sino-Tibetan languages, therefore the Tibetan word may represent a borrowing from Chinese.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "讀",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to say aloud; to tell"
],
"links": [
[
"say",
"say"
],
[
"aloud",
"aloud"
],
[
"tell",
"tell"
]
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to read; reading",
"roman": "dúshū",
"text": "讀書／读书",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to read",
"roman": "yuèdú",
"text": "閱讀／阅读",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "This article is worth reading.",
"ref": "這篇文章值得一讀。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "这篇文章值得一读。 [MSC, simp.]\nZhè piān wénzhāng zhíde yī dú. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to read (silently); to peruse"
],
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
],
[
"peruse",
"peruse"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "看"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to read aloud",
"roman": "lǎngdú",
"text": "朗讀／朗读",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "read the side if any; read the middle part if there is no side",
"ref": "有邊讀邊，沒邊讀中間 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "有边读边，没边读中间 [MSC, simp.]\nyǒu biān dú biān, méi biān dú zhōngjiān [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "second reading (of a bill)",
"roman": "èrdú",
"text": "二讀／二读",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to read aloud; to read out"
],
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
],
[
"aloud",
"aloud"
],
[
"out",
"out"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese terms with usage examples",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to study at a university",
"roman": "dú dàxué",
"text": "讀大學／读大学",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "讀會計／读会计 [Cantonese] ― duk⁶ wui⁶ gai³ [Jyutping] ― to study accounting",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to study"
],
"links": [
[
"study",
"study"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "How do you pronounce this character?",
"roman": "Zhège zì zěnme dú?",
"text": "這個字怎麼讀？／这个字怎么读？",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to pronounce (a character, a word, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"pronounce",
"pronounce"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "唸"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "pronunciation (of characters)",
"roman": "dúyīn",
"text": "讀音／读音",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "variant pronunciation",
"roman": "yìdú",
"text": "異讀／异读",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "literary reading",
"roman": "wéndú",
"text": "文讀／文读",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pronunciation"
],
"links": [
[
"pronunciation",
"pronunciation"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "dú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "du²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "du²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "дў"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "dw"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "III"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "duk⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "uuk⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "tuh⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thu̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tug⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "dueh⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "dŭ"
},
{
"zh-pron": "tĕ̤k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "tha̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "tho̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tag⁸"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁸doq"
},
{
"zh-pron": "dou⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "dú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "dwu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ду"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "du"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "du"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu²¹/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "duk⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "duhk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "duk⁹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "dug⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊk̚²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "uuk⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɵk̚³²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "tuh⁷"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰuʔ²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thu̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tug"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tug⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰuk̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰʊk̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "dueh⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuəʔ⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "dŭ"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "tĕ̤k"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰøyʔ⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tha̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "tak"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰak̚²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Jinjiang",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰak̚¹²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tho̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "tok"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔk̚¹²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔk̚²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Jinjiang",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tha̍k"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁸doq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "doh^入"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵doq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/doʔ¹²/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/doʔ²³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/təu̯²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "duwk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*C.lˤok/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*l'oːɡ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʊk̚²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɵk̚³²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰuʔ²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰuk̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰʊk̚⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuəʔ⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰøyʔ⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰak̚²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰak̚¹²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔk̚¹²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɔk̚²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/doʔ¹²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/doʔ²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/təu̯²⁴/"
},
{
"other": "/*C.lˤok/"
},
{
"other": "/*l'oːɡ/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shijing"
],
"word": "讀"
}
{
"categories": [
"Beginning Mandarin",
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "jùdòu",
"word": "句讀"
},
{
"roman": "jùdòu",
"word": "句读"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Starostin"
},
"expansion": "Starostin",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A late attested reading. Starostin thinks it is from the *-s pronunciation of Etymology 1.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "讀",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "periods and commas, sentences and clauses",
"roman": "jùdòu",
"text": "句讀／句读",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"short pause in reading; part of a sentence; clause"
],
"links": [
[
"short",
"short"
],
[
"pause",
"pause"
],
[
"clause",
"clause"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dòu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dou⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄉㄡˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "dau⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "eu⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "têu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "tāu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "tō͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "dao⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "dòu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dòu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tou⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dòu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "dow"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "доу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "dou"
},
{
"ipa": "/toʊ̯⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "dau⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dauh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dau⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "deo⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɐu̯²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "eu⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/eu³²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰeu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tāu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tōo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "dau"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "do"
},
{
"ipa": "/tau²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tau⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tau²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tau³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tau³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "tāu"
},
{
"ipa": "/tau¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/toʊ̯⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɐu̯²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/eu³²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰeu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tau²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tau⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tau²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tau³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tau³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tau¹¹/"
}
],
"word": "讀"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading ず",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading どく",
"Japanese kanji with historical goon reading づ",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading とう",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading とく",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading よ-む",
"Japanese terms spelled with 讀",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Uncommon kanji"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "読",
"tags": [
"shinjitai"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to read"
],
"links": [
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"tags": [
"Hyōgai",
"kanji",
"kyūjitai",
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"phrase, clause, part of a sentence, e.g. 読点 (lit. \"clause mark\", i.e. comma)"
],
"links": [
[
"clause",
"clause"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(とう) phrase, clause, part of a sentence, e.g. 読点 (lit. \"clause mark\", i.e. comma)"
],
"tags": [
"Hyōgai",
"kanji",
"kyūjitai",
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"word": "讀"
}
{
"categories": [
"Korean Han characters",
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
"Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Middle Korean Han characters"
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "朗讀",
"roman": "nangdok",
"word": "낭독"
},
{
"alt": "讀者",
"roman": "dokja",
"word": "독자"
},
{
"alt": "讀誦",
"roman": "doksong",
"word": "독송"
},
{
"alt": "精讀",
"roman": "jeongdok",
"word": "정독"
},
{
"alt": "速讀",
"roman": "sokdok",
"word": "속독"
},
{
"alt": "多讀",
"roman": "dadok",
"word": "다독"
},
{
"alt": "解讀",
"roman": "haedok",
"word": "해독"
},
{
"alt": "熱讀",
"roman": "yeoldok",
"word": "열독"
},
{
"alt": "默讀",
"roman": "mukdok",
"word": "묵독"
},
{
"alt": "誤讀",
"roman": "odok",
"word": "오독"
},
{
"alt": "通讀",
"roman": "tongdok",
"word": "통독"
},
{
"alt": "購讀",
"roman": "gudok",
"word": "구독"
},
{
"alt": "讀音",
"roman": "dogeum",
"word": "독음"
},
{
"alt": "濫讀",
"roman": "namdok",
"word": "남독"
},
{
"alt": "音讀",
"roman": "eumdok",
"word": "음독"
},
{
"alt": "訓讀",
"roman": "hundok",
"word": "훈독"
},
{
"alt": "讀本",
"roman": "dokbon",
"word": "독본"
},
{
"alt": "讀習",
"roman": "dokseup",
"word": "독습"
},
{
"alt": "必讀",
"roman": "pildok",
"word": "필독"
},
{
"alt": "讀書",
"english": "reading a book",
"roman": "dokseo",
"word": "독서"
},
{
"alt": "讀後感",
"roman": "dokhugam",
"word": "독후감"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "讀"
},
"expansion": "讀 (MC duwk)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "똑〮"
},
"expansion": "똑〮",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "東國正韻 / 동국정운",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "東國正韻 / 동국정운",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "s:동국정운",
"3": "東國正韻 / 동국정운",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "東國正韻 / 동국정운",
"name": "lw"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "똑〮",
"2": "ttwók"
},
"expansion": "Recorded as Middle Korean 똑〮 (Yale: ttwók) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.",
"name": "hanja-dongguk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "독"
},
"expansion": "독 (twok)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "新增類合 / 신증유합"
},
"expansion": "新增類合 / 신증유합",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "독",
"2": "twok",
"hun": "닐글 독"
},
"expansion": "Recorded as Middle Korean 독 (twok)^訓 (Yale: twok) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.",
"name": "hanja-sinjeung"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "* Recorded as Middle Korean 똑〮 (Yale: ttwók) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.\n* Recorded as Middle Korean <i class=\"Kore mention\" lang=\"okm\">독</i> (twok)^訓 (Yale: twok) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.",
"2": "Historical readings",
"bg": "#FFFFFF"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "collapse"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 讀 (MC duwk).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "읽을 독",
"roman": "ilgeul dok",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "읽다",
"2": "읽을",
"3": "독"
},
"expansion": "讀 (eumhun 읽을 독 (ilgeul dok))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to read",
"word": "독"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 독 (“to read”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"독",
"독#Korean"
],
[
"read",
"read"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[to̞k̚]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"other": "[독]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Dongguk Jeongun",
"ko:신증유합"
],
"word": "讀"
}
{
"categories": [
"Korean Han characters",
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
"Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "吏讀",
"roman": "idu",
"word": "이두"
},
{
"alt": "句讀",
"english": "period and comma, sentence and clause",
"roman": "gudu",
"word": "구두"
},
{
"alt": "句讀法",
"roman": "gudubeop",
"word": "구두법"
},
{
"alt": "句讀點",
"english": "punctuation mark",
"roman": "gudujeom",
"word": "구두점"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "讀",
"tr": "duwH"
},
"expansion": "讀 (MC duwH)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "뚜ᇢ〮"
},
"expansion": "뚜ᇢ〮",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "東國正韻 / 동국정운",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "東國正韻 / 동국정운",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "s:동국정운",
"3": "東國正韻 / 동국정운",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "東國正韻 / 동국정운",
"name": "lw"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "뚜ᇢ〮",
"2": "ttwúw"
},
"expansion": "Recorded as Middle Korean 뚜ᇢ〮 (Yale: ttwúw) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.",
"name": "hanja-dongguk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "* Recorded as Middle Korean 뚜ᇢ〮 (Yale: ttwúw) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.",
"2": "Historical readings",
"bg": "#FFFFFF"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "collapse"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 讀 (MC duwH).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "구절 두",
"roman": "gujeol du",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "구절",
"2": "두"
},
"expansion": "讀 (eumhun 구절 두 (gujeol du))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "short pause in reading, part of a sentence, clause",
"word": "두"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 두 (“short pause in reading, part of a sentence, clause”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"두",
"두#Korean"
],
[
"short",
"short"
],
[
"pause",
"pause"
],
[
"clause",
"clause"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tu]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"other": "[두]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Dongguk Jeongun"
],
"word": "讀"
}
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"CJKV characters simplified differently in Japan and China",
"Chinese terms with redundant script codes",
"Han char with multiple ids",
"Han script characters",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"讀 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+15, 22 strokes, cangjie input 卜口土田金 (YRGWC), four-corner 0468₆, composition ⿰訁賣 or ⿰訁𧶠)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"訁",
"訁#Translingual"
],
[
"賣",
"賣#Translingual"
],
[
"𧶠",
"𧶠#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shinjitai",
"Simplified Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
]
}
],
"word": "讀"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "độc",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "đọc",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "đậu",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "đặt",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Han characters",
"Vietnamese Han characters with unconfirmed readings",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks"
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "讀"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": "started on line 98, detected on line 113"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Suzhou)'",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min'",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary)'",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai, Suzhou)'",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min (KCR)'",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": "started on line 51, detected on line 55"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: とう",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "kanji",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: とう",
"path": [
"讀"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "kanji",
"title": "讀",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.