"讀者" meaning in All languages combined

See 讀者 on Wiktionary

Noun [Chinese]

IPA: /tu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /tʊk̚² t͡sɛː³⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /tʰuk̚⁵ t͡sa³¹/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /tʰɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /tʰɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/ [Hokkien, Taipei, Xiamen], /tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/ [Hokkien, Taipei, Xiamen], /tʰak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /tʰak̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /tʰak̚⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵²/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /tu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/, /tʊk̚² t͡sɛː³⁵/, /tʰuk̚⁵ t͡sa³¹/, /tʰɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/, /tʰɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/, /tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/, /tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/, /tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/, /tʰak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/, /tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/, /tʰak̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/, /tʰak̚⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵²/ Chinese transliterations: dúzhě [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄉㄨˊ ㄓㄜˇ [Mandarin, bopomofo], duk⁶ ze² [Cantonese, Jyutping], thu̍k-chá [Hakka, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], tho̍k-chiá [Hokkien, POJ], tha̍k-chiá [Hokkien, POJ], tag⁸ zia² [Peng'im, Teochew], dúzhě [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], dújhě [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], tu²-chê³ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], dú-jě [Mandarin, Yale], dwujee [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], дучжэ [Mandarin, Palladius], dučžɛ [Mandarin, Palladius], duhk jé [Cantonese, Yale], duk⁹ dze² [Cantonese, Pinyin], dug⁶ zé² [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], thu̍k-chá [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], tug^ [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], zaˋ [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], tug⁶ za³ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], tho̍k-tsiá [Hokkien, Tai-lo], togciar [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], tha̍k-tsiá [Hokkien, Tai-lo], tagciar [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], tha̍k tsiá [POJ, Teochew] Forms: 读者
Head templates: {{head|zh|noun}} 讀者
  1. reader (of books, periodicals, magazines, etc.) Categories (topical): People Derived forms: 讀者群 (dúzhěqún), 读者群 (dúzhěqún)
    Sense id: en-讀者-zh-noun-py--O-m7 Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Elementary Mandarin, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries Synonyms: 受眾 (shòuzhòng), 受众 (shòuzhòng), 念家 (english: reader) [Dungan], 接受方 (jiēshòufāng), 接受者 (jiēshòuzhě), 看官 (kànguān) (english: readers, listeners or members of an audience) [honorific, literary], 聽眾 (tīngzhòng) (english: listeners), 听众 (tīngzhòng) (english: listeners), 觀眾 (guānzhòng) (english: spectators), 观众 (guānzhòng) (english: spectators), 讀者群 (dúzhěqún) (english: readership), 读者群 (dúzhěqún) (english: readership)

Noun [Japanese]

Forms: 讀者 [canonical] (ruby: (どく), (しゃ)), dokusha [romanization]
Head templates: {{ja-noun|どくしゃ}} 讀(どく)者(しゃ) • (dokusha)
  1. Kyūjitai form of 読者 (“reader”) Tags: form-of, kyūjitai Form of: 読者 (extra: reader)

Noun [Korean]

Forms: dokja [romanization], 독자 [hangeul]
Head templates: {{ko-noun|hj|hangeul=독자}} 讀者 • (dokja) (hangeul 독자)
  1. hanja form of 독자 (“reader”) Tags: form-of, hanja Form of: 독자 (extra: reader)

Noun [Vietnamese]

Head templates: {{head|vi|noun|||head=|tr=}} 讀者, {{vi-noun|sc=Hani}} 讀者
  1. chữ Hán form of độc giả (“reader”).
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "讀者"
          },
          "expansion": "讀者",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "読者",
            "2": "どくしゃ",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "読者(どくしゃ) (dokusha)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "독자(讀者)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 독자(讀者) (dokja)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "độc giả",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "讀者"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: độc giả (讀者)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "讀者",
            "2": "どくしゃ",
            "3": "독자",
            "4": "độc giả",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "讀者",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "讀者",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "読者",
            "v": "讀者",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (讀者):\n* → Japanese: 読者(どくしゃ) (dokusha)\n* → Korean: 독자(讀者) (dokja)\n* → Vietnamese: độc giả (讀者)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "どくしゃ",
            "3": "독자",
            "4": "độc giả",
            "j": "読者"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (讀者):\n* → Japanese: 読者(どくしゃ) (dokusha)\n* → Korean: 독자(讀者) (dokja)\n* → Vietnamese: độc giả (讀者)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (讀者):\n* → Japanese: 読者(どくしゃ) (dokusha)\n* → Korean: 독자(讀者) (dokja)\n* → Vietnamese: độc giả (讀者)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pcc",
            "2": "dufzej",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Bouyei: dufzej",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Bouyei: dufzej"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "za",
            "2": "duzcej",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Zhuang: duzcej",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Zhuang: duzcej"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "读者",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "讀者",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Elementary Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "zh:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "dúzhěqún",
          "word": "讀者群"
        },
        {
          "roman": "dúzhěqún",
          "word": "读者群"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "target reader",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "mùbiāo dúzhě",
          "text": "目標讀者",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "target reader",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "mùbiāo dúzhě",
          "text": "目标读者",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "reader (of books, periodicals, magazines, etc.)"
      ],
      "id": "en-讀者-zh-noun-py--O-m7",
      "links": [
        [
          "reader",
          "reader"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "shòuzhòng",
          "word": "受眾"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shòuzhòng",
          "word": "受众"
        },
        {
          "english": "reader",
          "tags": [
            "Dungan"
          ],
          "word": "念家"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiēshòufāng",
          "word": "接受方"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiēshòuzhě",
          "word": "接受者"
        },
        {
          "english": "readers, listeners or members of an audience",
          "roman": "kànguān",
          "tags": [
            "honorific",
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "看官"
        },
        {
          "english": "listeners",
          "roman": "tīngzhòng",
          "word": "聽眾"
        },
        {
          "english": "listeners",
          "roman": "tīngzhòng",
          "word": "听众"
        },
        {
          "english": "spectators",
          "roman": "guānzhòng",
          "word": "觀眾"
        },
        {
          "english": "spectators",
          "roman": "guānzhòng",
          "word": "观众"
        },
        {
          "english": "readership",
          "roman": "dúzhěqún",
          "word": "讀者群"
        },
        {
          "english": "readership",
          "roman": "dúzhěqún",
          "word": "读者群"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dúzhě"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˊ ㄓㄜˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "duk⁶ ze²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "thu̍k-chá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tho̍k-chiá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tha̍k-chiá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tag⁸ zia²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dúzhě"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dújhě"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tu²-chê³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dú-jě"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dwujee"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "дучжэ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dučžɛ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "duhk jé"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "duk⁹ dze²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dug⁶ zé²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʊk̚² t͡sɛː³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "thu̍k-chá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tug^"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zaˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tug⁶ za³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰuk̚⁵ t͡sa³¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tho̍k-tsiá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "togciar"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tha̍k-tsiá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tagciar"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tha̍k tsiá"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵²/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʊk̚² t͡sɛː³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰuk̚⁵ t͡sa³¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵²/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "讀者"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "讀者",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "讀",
          "どく"
        ],
        [
          "者",
          "しゃ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dokusha",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "どくしゃ"
      },
      "expansion": "讀(どく)者(しゃ) • (dokusha)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese kyūjitai spellings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "reader",
          "word": "読者"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Kyūjitai form of 読者 (“reader”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-讀者-ja-noun-mAJZPUBg",
      "links": [
        [
          "Kyūjitai",
          "kyūjitai"
        ],
        [
          "読者",
          "読者#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "reader",
          "reader"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "kyūjitai"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "讀者"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dokja",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독자",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hj",
        "hangeul": "독자"
      },
      "expansion": "讀者 • (dokja) (hangeul 독자)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "reader",
          "word": "독자"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hanja form of 독자 (“reader”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-讀者-ko-noun-srFmx6Zr",
      "links": [
        [
          "hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "독자",
          "독자#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "reader",
          "reader"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "讀者"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "讀者",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sc": "Hani"
      },
      "expansion": "讀者",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chữ Hán form of độc giả (“reader”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-讀者-vi-noun-m5pKb5c0",
      "links": [
        [
          "chữ Hán",
          "chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "độc giả",
          "độc giả#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "reader",
          "reader"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "讀者"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "dúzhěqún",
      "word": "讀者群"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dúzhěqún",
      "word": "读者群"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "讀者"
          },
          "expansion": "讀者",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "読者",
            "2": "どくしゃ",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "読者(どくしゃ) (dokusha)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "독자(讀者)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 독자(讀者) (dokja)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "độc giả",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "讀者"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: độc giả (讀者)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "讀者",
            "2": "どくしゃ",
            "3": "독자",
            "4": "độc giả",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "讀者",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "讀者",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "読者",
            "v": "讀者",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (讀者):\n* → Japanese: 読者(どくしゃ) (dokusha)\n* → Korean: 독자(讀者) (dokja)\n* → Vietnamese: độc giả (讀者)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "どくしゃ",
            "3": "독자",
            "4": "độc giả",
            "j": "読者"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (讀者):\n* → Japanese: 読者(どくしゃ) (dokusha)\n* → Korean: 독자(讀者) (dokja)\n* → Vietnamese: độc giả (讀者)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (讀者):\n* → Japanese: 読者(どくしゃ) (dokusha)\n* → Korean: 독자(讀者) (dokja)\n* → Vietnamese: độc giả (讀者)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pcc",
            "2": "dufzej",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Bouyei: dufzej",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Bouyei: dufzej"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "za",
            "2": "duzcej",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Zhuang: duzcej",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Zhuang: duzcej"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "读者",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "讀者",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Cantonese nouns",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese nouns",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 者",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 讀",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Elementary Mandarin",
        "Hakka lemmas",
        "Hakka nouns",
        "Hokkien lemmas",
        "Hokkien nouns",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin nouns",
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples",
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Teochew lemmas",
        "Teochew nouns",
        "zh:People"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "target reader",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "mùbiāo dúzhě",
          "text": "目標讀者",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "target reader",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "mùbiāo dúzhě",
          "text": "目标读者",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "reader (of books, periodicals, magazines, etc.)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "reader",
          "reader"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dúzhě"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˊ ㄓㄜˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "duk⁶ ze²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "thu̍k-chá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tho̍k-chiá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tha̍k-chiá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tag⁸ zia²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dúzhě"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dújhě"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tu²-chê³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dú-jě"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dwujee"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "дучжэ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dučžɛ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "duhk jé"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "duk⁹ dze²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dug⁶ zé²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʊk̚² t͡sɛː³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "thu̍k-chá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tug^"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zaˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tug⁶ za³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰuk̚⁵ t͡sa³¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tho̍k-tsiá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "togciar"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tha̍k-tsiá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tagciar"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tha̍k tsiá"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵²/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʊk̚² t͡sɛː³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰuk̚⁵ t͡sa³¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵²/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "shòuzhòng",
      "word": "受眾"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shòuzhòng",
      "word": "受众"
    },
    {
      "english": "reader",
      "tags": [
        "Dungan"
      ],
      "word": "念家"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiēshòufāng",
      "word": "接受方"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiēshòuzhě",
      "word": "接受者"
    },
    {
      "english": "readers, listeners or members of an audience",
      "roman": "kànguān",
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "看官"
    },
    {
      "english": "listeners",
      "roman": "tīngzhòng",
      "word": "聽眾"
    },
    {
      "english": "listeners",
      "roman": "tīngzhòng",
      "word": "听众"
    },
    {
      "english": "spectators",
      "roman": "guānzhòng",
      "word": "觀眾"
    },
    {
      "english": "spectators",
      "roman": "guānzhòng",
      "word": "观众"
    },
    {
      "english": "readership",
      "roman": "dúzhěqún",
      "word": "讀者群"
    },
    {
      "english": "readership",
      "roman": "dúzhěqún",
      "word": "读者群"
    }
  ],
  "word": "讀者"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "讀者",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "讀",
          "どく"
        ],
        [
          "者",
          "しゃ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dokusha",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "どくしゃ"
      },
      "expansion": "讀(どく)者(しゃ) • (dokusha)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Japanese kyūjitai spellings",
        "Japanese lemmas",
        "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Japanese nouns",
        "Japanese terms spelled with hyōgai kanji",
        "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
        "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
        "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "reader",
          "word": "読者"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Kyūjitai form of 読者 (“reader”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Kyūjitai",
          "kyūjitai"
        ],
        [
          "読者",
          "読者#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "reader",
          "reader"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "kyūjitai"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "讀者"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dokja",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "독자",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hj",
        "hangeul": "독자"
      },
      "expansion": "讀者 • (dokja) (hangeul 독자)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean hanja forms",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean nouns",
        "Korean nouns in Han script",
        "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "reader",
          "word": "독자"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hanja form of 독자 (“reader”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "독자",
          "독자#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "reader",
          "reader"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "讀者"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "讀者",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sc": "Hani"
      },
      "expansion": "讀者",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
        "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Vietnamese lemmas",
        "Vietnamese nouns",
        "Vietnamese nouns in Han script"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chữ Hán form of độc giả (“reader”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chữ Hán",
          "chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "độc giả",
          "độc giả#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "reader",
          "reader"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "讀者"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 讀者 meaning in All languages combined (9.9kB)

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "讀者"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "讀者",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "讀者"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "讀者",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "讀者"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "讀者",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/2196",
  "msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E5%8F%97%E7%9C%BE'], ['edit']){} >",
  "path": [
    "讀者"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "讀者",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "讀者"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "讀者",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.