"讀者" meaning in Chinese

See 讀者 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /tu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /tʊk̚² t͡sɛː³⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /tʰuk̚⁵ t͡sa³¹/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /tʰɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /tʰɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/ [Hokkien, Taipei, Xiamen], /tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/ [Hokkien, Taipei, Xiamen], /tʰak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /tʰak̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /tʰak̚⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵²/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /tu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/, /tʊk̚² t͡sɛː³⁵/, /tʰuk̚⁵ t͡sa³¹/, /tʰɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/, /tʰɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/, /tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/, /tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/, /tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/, /tʰak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/, /tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/, /tʰak̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/, /tʰak̚⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵²/ Chinese transliterations: dúzhě [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄉㄨˊ ㄓㄜˇ [Mandarin, bopomofo], duk⁶ ze² [Cantonese, Jyutping], thu̍k-chá [Hakka, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], tho̍k-chiá [Hokkien, POJ], tha̍k-chiá [Hokkien, POJ], tag⁸ zia² [Peng'im, Teochew], dúzhě [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], dújhě [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], tu²-chê³ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], dú-jě [Mandarin, Yale], dwujee [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], дучжэ [Mandarin, Palladius], dučžɛ [Mandarin, Palladius], duhk jé [Cantonese, Yale], duk⁹ dze² [Cantonese, Pinyin], dug⁶ zé² [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], thu̍k-chá [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], tug za` [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], tug⁶ za³ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], tho̍k-tsiá [Hokkien, Tai-lo], togciar [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], tha̍k-tsiá [Hokkien, Tai-lo], tagciar [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], tha̍k tsiá [POJ, Teochew]
Head templates: {{head|zh|noun}} 讀者
  1. reader (of books, periodicals, magazines, etc.) Categories (topical): People Derived forms: 讀者群 (dúzhěqún), 读者群 (dúzhěqún)
    Sense id: en-讀者-zh-noun-py--O-m7 Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Elementary Mandarin Synonyms: 受眾 (shòuzhòng), 受众 (shòuzhòng), 念家 (english: reader) [Dungan], 接受方 (jiēshòufāng), 接受者 (jiēshòuzhě), 看官 (kànguān) (english: readers, listeners or members of an audience) [honorific, literary], 聽眾 (tīngzhòng) (english: listeners), 听众 (tīngzhòng) (english: listeners), 觀眾 (guānzhòng) (english: spectators), 观众 (guānzhòng) (english: spectators), 讀者群 (dúzhěqún) (english: readership), 读者群 (dúzhěqún) (english: readership)

Download JSON data for 讀者 meaning in Chinese (7.1kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "讀者"
          },
          "expansion": "讀者",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "読者",
            "2": "どくしゃ",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "読者(どくしゃ) (dokusha)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "독자(讀者)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 독자(讀者) (dokja)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "讀者",
            "sc": "Hani"
          },
          "expansion": "讀者",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "độc giả",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "讀者"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: độc giả (讀者)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "讀者",
            "2": "どくしゃ",
            "3": "독자",
            "4": "độc giả",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "讀者",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "讀者",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "読者",
            "v": "讀者",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (讀者):\n* → Japanese: 読者(どくしゃ) (dokusha)\n* → Korean: 독자(讀者) (dokja)\n* → Vietnamese: độc giả (讀者)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "どくしゃ",
            "3": "독자",
            "4": "độc giả",
            "j": "読者"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (讀者):\n* → Japanese: 読者(どくしゃ) (dokusha)\n* → Korean: 독자(讀者) (dokja)\n* → Vietnamese: độc giả (讀者)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (讀者):\n* → Japanese: 読者(どくしゃ) (dokusha)\n* → Korean: 독자(讀者) (dokja)\n* → Vietnamese: độc giả (讀者)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pcc",
            "2": "dufzej",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Bouyei: dufzej",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Bouyei: dufzej"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "za",
            "2": "duzcej",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Zhuang: duzcej",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Zhuang: duzcej"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "讀者",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Elementary Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "zh:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "dúzhěqún",
          "word": "讀者群"
        },
        {
          "roman": "dúzhěqún",
          "word": "读者群"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "target reader",
          "roman": "mùbiāo dúzhě",
          "text": "目標讀者/目标读者",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "reader (of books, periodicals, magazines, etc.)"
      ],
      "id": "en-讀者-zh-noun-py--O-m7",
      "links": [
        [
          "reader",
          "reader"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "shòuzhòng",
          "word": "受眾"
        },
        {
          "roman": "shòuzhòng",
          "word": "受众"
        },
        {
          "english": "reader",
          "tags": [
            "Dungan"
          ],
          "word": "念家"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiēshòufāng",
          "word": "接受方"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jiēshòuzhě",
          "word": "接受者"
        },
        {
          "english": "readers, listeners or members of an audience",
          "roman": "kànguān",
          "tags": [
            "honorific",
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "看官"
        },
        {
          "english": "listeners",
          "roman": "tīngzhòng",
          "word": "聽眾"
        },
        {
          "english": "listeners",
          "roman": "tīngzhòng",
          "word": "听众"
        },
        {
          "english": "spectators",
          "roman": "guānzhòng",
          "word": "觀眾"
        },
        {
          "english": "spectators",
          "roman": "guānzhòng",
          "word": "观众"
        },
        {
          "english": "readership",
          "roman": "dúzhěqún",
          "word": "讀者群"
        },
        {
          "english": "readership",
          "roman": "dúzhěqún",
          "word": "读者群"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dúzhě"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˊ ㄓㄜˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "duk⁶ ze²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "thu̍k-chá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tho̍k-chiá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tha̍k-chiá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tag⁸ zia²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dúzhě"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dújhě"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tu²-chê³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dú-jě"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dwujee"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "дучжэ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dučžɛ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "duhk jé"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "duk⁹ dze²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dug⁶ zé²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʊk̚² t͡sɛː³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "thu̍k-chá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tug za`"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tug⁶ za³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰuk̚⁵ t͡sa³¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tho̍k-tsiá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "togciar"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tha̍k-tsiá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tagciar"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tha̍k tsiá"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵²/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʊk̚² t͡sɛː³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰuk̚⁵ t͡sa³¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵²/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "讀者"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "dúzhěqún",
      "word": "讀者群"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dúzhěqún",
      "word": "读者群"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "讀者"
          },
          "expansion": "讀者",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "読者",
            "2": "どくしゃ",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "読者(どくしゃ) (dokusha)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "독자(讀者)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 독자(讀者) (dokja)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "讀者",
            "sc": "Hani"
          },
          "expansion": "讀者",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "độc giả",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "讀者"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: độc giả (讀者)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "讀者",
            "2": "どくしゃ",
            "3": "독자",
            "4": "độc giả",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "讀者",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "讀者",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "読者",
            "v": "讀者",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (讀者):\n* → Japanese: 読者(どくしゃ) (dokusha)\n* → Korean: 독자(讀者) (dokja)\n* → Vietnamese: độc giả (讀者)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "どくしゃ",
            "3": "독자",
            "4": "độc giả",
            "j": "読者"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (讀者):\n* → Japanese: 読者(どくしゃ) (dokusha)\n* → Korean: 독자(讀者) (dokja)\n* → Vietnamese: độc giả (讀者)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (讀者):\n* → Japanese: 読者(どくしゃ) (dokusha)\n* → Korean: 독자(讀者) (dokja)\n* → Vietnamese: độc giả (讀者)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pcc",
            "2": "dufzej",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Bouyei: dufzej",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Bouyei: dufzej"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "za",
            "2": "duzcej",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Zhuang: duzcej",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Zhuang: duzcej"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "讀者",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Cantonese nouns",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese nouns",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Elementary Mandarin",
        "Hakka lemmas",
        "Hakka nouns",
        "Hokkien lemmas",
        "Hokkien nouns",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin nouns",
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples",
        "Teochew lemmas",
        "Teochew nouns",
        "zh:People"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "target reader",
          "roman": "mùbiāo dúzhě",
          "text": "目標讀者/目标读者",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "reader (of books, periodicals, magazines, etc.)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "reader",
          "reader"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dúzhě"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄉㄨˊ ㄓㄜˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "duk⁶ ze²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "thu̍k-chá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tho̍k-chiá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tha̍k-chiá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tag⁸ zia²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dúzhě"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dújhě"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tu²-chê³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dú-jě"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dwujee"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "дучжэ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dučžɛ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "duhk jé"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "duk⁹ dze²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "dug⁶ zé²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʊk̚² t͡sɛː³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "thu̍k-chá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tug za`"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tug⁶ za³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰuk̚⁵ t͡sa³¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tho̍k-tsiá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "togciar"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tha̍k-tsiá"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tagciar"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tha̍k tsiá"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵²/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʊk̚² t͡sɛː³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰuk̚⁵ t͡sa³¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sia⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻³² t͡sia⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚²⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʰak̚⁴⁻² t͡sia⁵²/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "shòuzhòng",
      "word": "受眾"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shòuzhòng",
      "word": "受众"
    },
    {
      "english": "reader",
      "tags": [
        "Dungan"
      ],
      "word": "念家"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiēshòufāng",
      "word": "接受方"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiēshòuzhě",
      "word": "接受者"
    },
    {
      "english": "readers, listeners or members of an audience",
      "roman": "kànguān",
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "看官"
    },
    {
      "english": "listeners",
      "roman": "tīngzhòng",
      "word": "聽眾"
    },
    {
      "english": "listeners",
      "roman": "tīngzhòng",
      "word": "听众"
    },
    {
      "english": "spectators",
      "roman": "guānzhòng",
      "word": "觀眾"
    },
    {
      "english": "spectators",
      "roman": "guānzhòng",
      "word": "观众"
    },
    {
      "english": "readership",
      "roman": "dúzhěqún",
      "word": "讀者群"
    },
    {
      "english": "readership",
      "roman": "dúzhěqún",
      "word": "读者群"
    }
  ],
  "word": "讀者"
}
{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "讀者"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "讀者",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "讀者"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "讀者",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "讀者"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "讀者",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.