See 胆 on Wiktionary
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
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{
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"胆 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 月日一 (BAM), composition ⿰⺼旦)"
],
"id": "en-胆-mul-character-aqqR-5w4",
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"⺼",
"肉"
],
[
"旦",
"旦"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "胆"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "psc",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": "OC *daːn, *daːn"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *daːn, *daːn)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "肉",
"2": "旦",
"alt1": "⺼",
"c1": "s",
"c2": "p",
"ls": "psc",
"t1": "body part"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *daːn, *daːn): semantic ⺼ (“body part”) + phonetic 旦 (OC *taːns)",
"name": "Han compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *daːn, *daːn): semantic ⺼ (“body part”) + phonetic 旦 (OC *taːns).",
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"redirects": [
"膽"
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Han phono-semantic compounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"id": "en-胆-zh-character-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "胆"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "yellow bile, bile",
"roman": "tanjū",
"ruby": [
[
"胆",
"たん"
],
[
"汁",
"じゅう"
]
],
"word": "胆汁"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tanseki",
"ruby": [
[
"胆",
"たん"
],
[
"石",
"せき"
]
],
"word": "胆石"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "daitan",
"ruby": [
[
"大",
"だい"
],
[
"胆",
"たん"
]
],
"word": "大胆"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "膽",
"tags": [
"kyūjitai"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese jōyō kanji",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "70 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 28 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gall bladder"
],
"id": "en-胆-ja-character-3c9owPhP",
"links": [
[
"gall bladder",
"gall bladder"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji",
"shinjitai"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese jōyō kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"courage"
],
"id": "en-胆-ja-character-RJKqvXM~",
"links": [
[
"courage",
"courage"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji",
"shinjitai"
]
}
],
"word": "胆"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "膽",
"t": "liver",
"tr": "i"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 膽 (i, “liver”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "膽振鉏"
},
"expansion": "膽振鉏",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "伊浮梨娑陛"
},
"expansion": "伊浮梨娑陛",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*i"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *i",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 膽 (i, “liver”); attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE where 膽振鉏 is phonetically spelled as i-puri-sape₂ (伊浮梨娑陛); in turn from reconstructed Proto-Japonic *i. Usage of this word was mostly confined to kanbun texts and wordlists. The word fell into disuse after the Muromachi period as body parts, including internal organs, were being called by their Chinese readings, in which this word likely conflated with 胃 (i, “stomach”), but remains in compounds.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "胆",
"ruby": [
[
"胆",
"い"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "i",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "い"
},
"expansion": "胆(い) • (i)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kumanoi",
"word": "熊の胆"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gallbladder; liver"
],
"id": "en-胆-ja-noun-kndkCodM",
"links": [
[
"gallbladder",
"gallbladder"
],
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, possibly obsolete or in compounds) gallbladder; liver"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "胆嚢"
},
{
"word": "肝"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"in-compounds",
"obsolete",
"possibly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "い"
},
{
"other": "い"
},
{
"ipa": "[i]"
},
{
"other": "[íì]",
"tags": [
"Kyoto"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Early Middle Japanese",
"Muromachi period",
"Nihon Shoki",
"kanbun"
],
"word": "胆"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"肝"
],
"senses": [
{
"id": "en-胆-ja-soft-redirect-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "胆"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "dam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "담",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
},
{
"form": "dam",
"tags": [
"revised"
]
},
{
"form": "tam",
"tags": [
"McCune-Reischauer"
]
},
{
"form": "tam",
"tags": [
"Yale"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "hanja",
"sc": "Kore",
"sort": "담",
"tr": "dam"
},
"expansion": "胆 • (dam)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"ehmr": "",
"ehrv": "",
"ehy": "",
"eumhun": "",
"hangeul": "담",
"mr": "tam",
"rv": "dam",
"y": "tam"
},
"expansion": "胆 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam, Yale tam)",
"name": "ko-hanja/old"
},
{
"args": {
"eumhun": "",
"hangeul": "담",
"mr": "tam",
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"y": "tam"
},
"expansion": "胆 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam, Yale tam)",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean hanja",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"id": "en-胆-ko-character-47DEQpj8",
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "胆"
}
{
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{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
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},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "psc",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": "OC *daːn, *daːn"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *daːn, *daːn)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "肉",
"2": "旦",
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"c1": "s",
"c2": "p",
"ls": "psc",
"t1": "body part"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *daːn, *daːn): semantic ⺼ (“body part”) + phonetic 旦 (OC *taːns)",
"name": "Han compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *daːn, *daːn): semantic ⺼ (“body part”) + phonetic 旦 (OC *taːns).",
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"redirects": [
"膽"
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Han phono-semantic compounds"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "胆"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese jōyō kanji",
"Japanese kanji",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading たん",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading たん",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading い",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading きも",
"Japanese terms spelled with 胆",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "yellow bile, bile",
"roman": "tanjū",
"ruby": [
[
"胆",
"たん"
],
[
"汁",
"じゅう"
]
],
"word": "胆汁"
},
{
"roman": "tanseki",
"ruby": [
[
"胆",
"たん"
],
[
"石",
"せき"
]
],
"word": "胆石"
},
{
"roman": "daitan",
"ruby": [
[
"大",
"だい"
],
[
"胆",
"たん"
]
],
"word": "大胆"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "膽",
"tags": [
"kyūjitai"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"gall bladder"
],
"links": [
[
"gall bladder",
"gall bladder"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji",
"shinjitai"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"courage"
],
"links": [
[
"courage",
"courage"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji",
"shinjitai"
]
}
],
"word": "胆"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 胆",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kumanoi",
"word": "熊の胆"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "膽",
"t": "liver",
"tr": "i"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese 膽 (i, “liver”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "膽振鉏"
},
"expansion": "膽振鉏",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "伊浮梨娑陛"
},
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"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*i"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *i",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese 膽 (i, “liver”); attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE where 膽振鉏 is phonetically spelled as i-puri-sape₂ (伊浮梨娑陛); in turn from reconstructed Proto-Japonic *i. Usage of this word was mostly confined to kanbun texts and wordlists. The word fell into disuse after the Muromachi period as body parts, including internal organs, were being called by their Chinese readings, in which this word likely conflated with 胃 (i, “stomach”), but remains in compounds.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "胆",
"ruby": [
[
"胆",
"い"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "i",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "い"
},
"expansion": "胆(い) • (i)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"gallbladder; liver"
],
"links": [
[
"gallbladder",
"gallbladder"
],
[
"liver",
"liver"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, possibly obsolete or in compounds) gallbladder; liver"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "胆嚢"
},
{
"word": "肝"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"in-compounds",
"obsolete",
"possibly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "い"
},
{
"other": "い"
},
{
"ipa": "[i]"
},
{
"other": "[íì]",
"tags": [
"Kyoto"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Early Middle Japanese",
"Muromachi period",
"Nihon Shoki",
"kanbun"
],
"word": "胆"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"肝"
],
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "胆"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "dam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "담",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
},
{
"form": "dam",
"tags": [
"revised"
]
},
{
"form": "tam",
"tags": [
"McCune-Reischauer"
]
},
{
"form": "tam",
"tags": [
"Yale"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "hanja",
"sc": "Kore",
"sort": "담",
"tr": "dam"
},
"expansion": "胆 • (dam)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"ehmr": "",
"ehrv": "",
"ehy": "",
"eumhun": "",
"hangeul": "담",
"mr": "tam",
"rv": "dam",
"y": "tam"
},
"expansion": "胆 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam, Yale tam)",
"name": "ko-hanja/old"
},
{
"args": {
"eumhun": "",
"hangeul": "담",
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"y": "tam"
},
"expansion": "胆 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam, Yale tam)",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean hanja",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "胆"
}
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Han char without four",
"Han script characters",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"胆 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 月日一 (BAM), composition ⿰⺼旦)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"⺼",
"肉"
],
[
"旦",
"旦"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "胆"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 胆 meaning in All languages combined (6.6kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: Jōyō kanji",
"path": [
"胆"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "kanji",
"title": "胆",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"胆"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "胆",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (e937b02 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.