See 堅強 on Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "bóruò",
"word": "薄弱"
},
{
"roman": "cuìruò",
"word": "脆弱"
},
{
"roman": "kuīruò",
"word": "虧弱"
},
{
"roman": "kuīruò",
"word": "亏弱"
},
{
"roman": "ruǎnruò",
"word": "軟弱"
},
{
"roman": "ruǎnruò",
"word": "软弱"
},
{
"roman": "shuāiruò",
"word": "衰弱"
},
{
"roman": "xūkuī",
"word": "虛虧"
},
{
"roman": "xūkuī",
"word": "虚亏"
},
{
"roman": "xūruò",
"word": "虛弱"
},
{
"roman": "xūruò",
"word": "虚弱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "灠弱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "𰜐弱"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "堅強"
},
"expansion": "堅強",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "堅強",
"2": "けんきょう",
"gloss": "",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "堅強(けんきょう) (kenkyō)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "kiên cường",
"bor": "1",
"id": "堅強",
"pos": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "堅強"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: kiên cường (堅強)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "堅強",
"2": "けんきょう",
"3": "",
"4": "kiên cường",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "堅強",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "堅強",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "堅強",
"v": "堅強",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (堅強):\n* → Japanese: 堅強(けんきょう) (kenkyō)\n* → Vietnamese: kiên cường (堅強)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "堅強",
"2": "けんきょう",
"3": "",
"4": "kiên cường"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (堅強):\n* → Japanese: 堅強(けんきょう) (kenkyō)\n* → Vietnamese: kiên cường (堅強)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (堅強):\n* → Japanese: 堅強(けんきょう) (kenkyō)\n* → Vietnamese: kiên cường (堅強)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "坚强",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "堅強",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "strong will",
"roman": "jiānqiáng yìzhì",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "堅強意志",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "strong will",
"roman": "jiānqiáng yìzhì",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "坚强意志",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
29,
35
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
62,
71
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
17,
19
]
],
"english": "He's a very broad-minded and strong-willed leader.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC"
],
"roman": "Tā shì yī wèi xiōnghuái shífēn huòdá, bìngqiě yìniàn fēicháng jiānqiáng de lǐngxiù.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "他是一位胸懷十分豁達，並且意念非常堅強的領袖。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
29,
35
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
62,
71
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
17,
19
]
],
"english": "He's a very broad-minded and strong-willed leader.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC"
],
"roman": "Tā shì yī wèi xiōnghuái shífēn huòdá, bìngqiě yìniàn fēicháng jiānqiáng de lǐngxiù.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "他是一位胸怀十分豁达，并且意念非常坚强的领袖。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"staunch; strong; firm; solid"
],
"id": "en-堅強-zh-adj-uQ3lNUF1",
"links": [
[
"staunch",
"staunch"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"solid",
"solid"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "倔強"
},
{
"word": "倔强"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "儼硬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "俨硬"
},
{
"roman": "gāngqiáng",
"word": "剛強"
},
{
"roman": "gāngqiáng",
"word": "刚强"
},
{
"roman": "gāngbì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "剛愎"
},
{
"roman": "gāngbì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "刚愎"
},
{
"roman": "gāngyì",
"word": "剛毅"
},
{
"roman": "gāngyì",
"word": "刚毅"
},
{
"roman": "gāngliè",
"word": "剛烈"
},
{
"roman": "gāngliè",
"word": "刚烈"
},
{
"roman": "jiānyì",
"word": "堅毅"
},
{
"roman": "jiānyì",
"word": "坚毅"
},
{
"roman": "xìngzhí",
"word": "婞直"
},
{
"roman": "xìngzhí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "悻直"
},
{
"roman": "nìng",
"word": "擰"
},
{
"roman": "nìng",
"word": "拧"
},
{
"roman": "wánqiáng",
"word": "頑強"
},
{
"roman": "wánqiáng",
"word": "顽强"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jiānqiáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄑㄧㄤˊ"
},
{
"audio": "Zh-jianqiáng.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4c/Zh-jianqiáng.ogg/Zh-jianqiáng.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zh-jianqiáng.ogg",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gin¹ koeng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kiên-khiòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kiân-khiòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "kian-kiông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "kian-kiâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jiānqiáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄑㄧㄤˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jianciáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "chien¹-chʻiang²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "jyān-chyáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "jianchyang"
},
{
"roman": "czjanʹcjan",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "цзяньцян"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gin¹ koeng⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "gīn kèuhng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gin¹ koeng⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "gin¹ kêng⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiːn⁵⁵ kʰœːŋ²¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kiên-khiòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "gien^ˊ kiong^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "gian¹ kiong²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯en²⁴ kʰi̯oŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kiân-khiòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "gian^ˊ kiong^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "gian¹ kiong²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯an²⁴ kʰi̯oŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "kian-kiông"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "kian-kiông"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kienkioong"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kiɔŋ²⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɔŋ²³/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen",
"IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn³³ kiɔŋ²⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɔŋ²⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen",
"IPA",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "kian-kiâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "kian-kiâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kienkiaang"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kiaŋ¹³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
}
],
"word": "堅強"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "bóruò",
"word": "薄弱"
},
{
"roman": "cuìruò",
"word": "脆弱"
},
{
"roman": "kuīruò",
"word": "虧弱"
},
{
"roman": "kuīruò",
"word": "亏弱"
},
{
"roman": "ruǎnruò",
"word": "軟弱"
},
{
"roman": "ruǎnruò",
"word": "软弱"
},
{
"roman": "shuāiruò",
"word": "衰弱"
},
{
"roman": "xūkuī",
"word": "虛虧"
},
{
"roman": "xūkuī",
"word": "虚亏"
},
{
"roman": "xūruò",
"word": "虛弱"
},
{
"roman": "xūruò",
"word": "虚弱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "灠弱"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "𰜐弱"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "堅強"
},
"expansion": "堅強",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "堅強",
"2": "けんきょう",
"gloss": "",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "堅強(けんきょう) (kenkyō)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "kiên cường",
"bor": "1",
"id": "堅強",
"pos": "",
"t": "",
"tr": "堅強"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: kiên cường (堅強)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "堅強",
"2": "けんきょう",
"3": "",
"4": "kiên cường",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "堅強",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "堅強",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "堅強",
"v": "堅強",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (堅強):\n* → Japanese: 堅強(けんきょう) (kenkyō)\n* → Vietnamese: kiên cường (堅強)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "堅強",
"2": "けんきょう",
"3": "",
"4": "kiên cường"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (堅強):\n* → Japanese: 堅強(けんきょう) (kenkyō)\n* → Vietnamese: kiên cường (堅強)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (堅強):\n* → Japanese: 堅強(けんきょう) (kenkyō)\n* → Vietnamese: kiên cường (堅強)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "坚强",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "堅強",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese adjectives",
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 堅",
"Chinese terms spelled with 強",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Hakka adjectives",
"Hakka lemmas",
"Hokkien adjectives",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Mandarin adjectives",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "strong will",
"roman": "jiānqiáng yìzhì",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "堅強意志",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "strong will",
"roman": "jiānqiáng yìzhì",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "坚强意志",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
29,
35
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
62,
71
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
17,
19
]
],
"english": "He's a very broad-minded and strong-willed leader.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC"
],
"roman": "Tā shì yī wèi xiōnghuái shífēn huòdá, bìngqiě yìniàn fēicháng jiānqiáng de lǐngxiù.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "他是一位胸懷十分豁達，並且意念非常堅強的領袖。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
29,
35
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
62,
71
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
17,
19
]
],
"english": "He's a very broad-minded and strong-willed leader.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC"
],
"roman": "Tā shì yī wèi xiōnghuái shífēn huòdá, bìngqiě yìniàn fēicháng jiānqiáng de lǐngxiù.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "他是一位胸怀十分豁达，并且意念非常坚强的领袖。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"staunch; strong; firm; solid"
],
"links": [
[
"staunch",
"staunch"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"solid",
"solid"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jiānqiáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄑㄧㄤˊ"
},
{
"audio": "Zh-jianqiáng.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4c/Zh-jianqiáng.ogg/Zh-jianqiáng.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Zh-jianqiáng.ogg",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gin¹ koeng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kiên-khiòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kiân-khiòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "kian-kiông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "kian-kiâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jiānqiáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄑㄧㄤˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "jianciáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "chien¹-chʻiang²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "jyān-chyáng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "jianchyang"
},
{
"roman": "czjanʹcjan",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "цзяньцян"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gin¹ koeng⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "gīn kèuhng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gin¹ koeng⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "gin¹ kêng⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiːn⁵⁵ kʰœːŋ²¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kiên-khiòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "gien^ˊ kiong^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "gian¹ kiong²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯en²⁴ kʰi̯oŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Northern",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "kiân-khiòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "gian^ˊ kiong^ˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "gian¹ kiong²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ki̯an²⁴ kʰi̯oŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Southern",
"Sixian",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "kian-kiông"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "kian-kiông"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kienkioong"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kiɔŋ²⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɔŋ²³/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen",
"IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn³³ kiɔŋ²⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɔŋ²⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen",
"IPA",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "kian-kiâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "kian-kiâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kienkiaang"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kiaŋ¹³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "倔強"
},
{
"word": "倔强"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "儼硬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "俨硬"
},
{
"roman": "gāngqiáng",
"word": "剛強"
},
{
"roman": "gāngqiáng",
"word": "刚强"
},
{
"roman": "gāngbì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "剛愎"
},
{
"roman": "gāngbì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "刚愎"
},
{
"roman": "gāngyì",
"word": "剛毅"
},
{
"roman": "gāngyì",
"word": "刚毅"
},
{
"roman": "gāngliè",
"word": "剛烈"
},
{
"roman": "gāngliè",
"word": "刚烈"
},
{
"roman": "jiānyì",
"word": "堅毅"
},
{
"roman": "jiānyì",
"word": "坚毅"
},
{
"roman": "xìngzhí",
"word": "婞直"
},
{
"roman": "xìngzhí",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "悻直"
},
{
"roman": "nìng",
"word": "擰"
},
{
"roman": "nìng",
"word": "拧"
},
{
"roman": "wánqiáng",
"word": "頑強"
},
{
"roman": "wánqiáng",
"word": "顽强"
}
],
"word": "堅強"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 堅強 meaning in All languages combined (9.4kB)
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"path": [
"堅強"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "堅強",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (0c45963 and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.