See 儒 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 儒 meaning in All languages combined (21.8kB)
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"儒 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+14, 16 strokes, cangjie input 人一月月 (OMBB), four-corner 2122₇, composition ⿰亻需)"
],
"id": "en-儒-mul-character-x6DhJKhB",
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"亻",
"亻#Translingual"
],
[
"需",
"需#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "儒"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "世儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zhūrú",
"word": "侏儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zhūrúzhèng",
"word": "侏儒症"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "侏儒觀戰"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "侏儒观战"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "俗儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "俚儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "僻儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "儒冠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rúshì",
"word": "儒士"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rúxué",
"word": "儒學"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rúxué",
"word": "儒学"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "儒宗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rújiā",
"word": "儒家"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "儒將"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "儒将"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "儒巾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rújiào",
"word": "儒教"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rúlín",
"word": "儒林"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "Rúlín Wàishǐ",
"word": "儒林外史"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "儒業"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "儒业"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rúshēng",
"word": "儒生"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rúlüèlì",
"word": "儒略曆"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rúlüèlì",
"word": "儒略历"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rújīng",
"word": "儒經"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rújīng",
"word": "儒经"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rúzhě",
"word": "儒者"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rúgèn",
"word": "儒艮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rúzàng",
"word": "儒藏"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rúshù",
"word": "儒術"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rúshù",
"word": "儒术"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rúyī",
"word": "儒醫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rúyī",
"word": "儒医"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "rúyǎ",
"word": "儒雅"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "儒風"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "儒风"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "先儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "八儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "博學鴻儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "博学鸿儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "míngrú",
"word": "名儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "huírú",
"word": "回儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "坑儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "夙儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dàrú",
"word": "大儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "sòngrú",
"word": "宋儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "宏儒碩學"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "宏儒硕学"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "sùrú",
"word": "宿儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "宿學舊儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "宿学旧儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "崇儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "拘儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "拘拘儒儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "散儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "新儒學"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "新儒学"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "溫文儒雅"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "温文儒雅"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fénshūkēngrú",
"word": "焚書坑儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fénshūkēngrú",
"word": "焚书坑儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "燔書坑儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "燔书坑儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "犬儒學派"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "犬儒学派"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "瑰儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "當世儒宗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "当世儒宗"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "盜儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "盗儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "瞀儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "碩儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "硕儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "碩學通儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "硕学通儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "碩彥名儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "硕彦名儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "穴見小儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "穴见小儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "老儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "老師宿儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "老师宿儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "耆儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "耆儒碩德"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "耆儒硕德"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "耆儒碩望"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "耆儒硕望"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "耆儒碩老"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "耆儒硕老"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "fǔrú",
"word": "腐儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "英儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shùrú",
"word": "豎儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "shùrú",
"word": "竖儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "賈儒商秀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "贾儒商秀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "迂儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tōngrú",
"word": "通儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "醇儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lòurú",
"word": "陋儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "陽儒陰釋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "阳儒阴释"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "章句儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "風流儒雅"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "风流儒雅"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hóngrú",
"word": "鴻儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hóngrú",
"word": "鸿儒"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "儒",
"2": "sorcerers, intellectuals, government officials, Confucians"
},
"expansion": "儒 (OC *njo, “sorcerers, intellectuals, government officials, Confucians”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "柔",
"2": "soft"
},
"expansion": "柔 (OC *mlju, “soft”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "懦",
"2": "weak, timid"
},
"expansion": "懦 (OC *noːls, *njo, “weak, timid”)",
"name": "och-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin obscure. Chen (2013) – following Xu Shen's Shuowen Jiezi, etc. – links 儒 (OC *njo, “sorcerers, intellectuals, government officials, Confucians”) to 柔 (OC *mlju, “soft”) and 懦 (OC *noːls, *njo, “weak, timid”) \"probably derived from the nature of the profession, registered by softness, suppleness, and flexibility\".",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "儒",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "儒林外史 ― Rúlín wàishǐ ― Unofficial History of the Scholars (a satirical novel by 吳敬梓 Wu Jingzi)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The Master said to Zi Xia, \"Do you be a scholar after the style of the superior man, and not after that of the mean man.\"",
"ref": "子謂子夏曰：「女為君子儒，無為小人儒。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "子谓子夏曰：「女为君子儒，无为小人儒。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE\nZǐ wèi Zǐxià yuē: “Rǔ wèi jūnzǐ rú, wú wèi xiǎorén rú.” [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Use nine working-duos to involve the people of the polities and states: … the fourth are called the scholars, who use moral principles to procure people. ….",
"ref": "以九兩系邦國之民：……四曰儒，以道得民。……。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "以九两系邦国之民：……四曰儒，以道得民。……。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Rites of Zhou, circa 3ʳᵈ century BCE\nYǐ jiǔ liǎng xì bāngguó zhī mín:...... Sì yuē rú, yǐ dào dé mín........ [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"scholar; learned person"
],
"id": "en-儒-zh-character-B8VuskoA",
"links": [
[
"scholar",
"scholar"
],
[
"learned",
"learned"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Having a penetrating understanding of Heaven, Earth, and Man is called ru (Confucian). Having a penetrating understanding of Heaven and Earth, but not understanding Man, is called \"clever.\"",
"ref": "通天、地、人曰儒，通天、地而不通人曰伎。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]",
"text": "From: Yang Xiong, Fa Yan (Exemplary Sayings), 9 CE\nTōng tiān, dì, rén yuē rú, tōng tiān, dì ér bùtōng rén yuē jì. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Confucian; Ruist"
],
"id": "en-儒-zh-character-F4w~vcve",
"links": [
[
"Confucian",
"Confucian"
],
[
"Ruist",
"Ruist"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 3 60 1 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Mencius said, 'Those who are fleeing from the errors of Mohism naturally turn to Yangism, and those who are fleeing from the errors of Yang naturally turn to Ruism. When they so turn, they should at once and simply be received. Those who nowadays dispute with the followers of Yangism and Mohism do so as if they were pursuing a stray pig, the leg of which, after they have got it to enter the pen, they proceed to tie.'",
"ref": "孟子曰：「逃墨必歸於楊，逃楊必歸於儒。歸，斯受之而已矣。今之與楊墨辯者，如追放豚，既入其苙，又從而招之。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "孟子曰：「逃墨必归于杨，逃杨必归于儒。归，斯受之而已矣。今之与杨墨辩者，如追放豚，既入其苙，又从而招之。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Mencius, c. 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nMèngzǐ yuē: “Táo Mò bì guī yú Yáng, táo Yáng bì guī yú Rú. Guī, sī shòu zhī ér yǐ yǐ. Jīn zhī yǔ Yángmò biàn zhě, rú zhuī fàng tún, jì rù qí lì, yòu cóng ér zhāo zhī.” [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Confucianism; Ruism"
],
"id": "en-儒-zh-character-DMCQ-08E",
"links": [
[
"Confucianism",
"Confucianism"
],
[
"Ruism",
"Ruism"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"weak; cowardly"
],
"id": "en-儒-zh-character-3LrsZZak",
"links": [
[
"weak",
"weak"
],
[
"cowardly",
"cowardly"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"id": "en-儒-zh-character-v2O7m9sM",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "rú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ru²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄖㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "ru²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "jyu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "yi³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "eo⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "yì"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "yi²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "ru²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "ṳ̌"
},
{
"zh-pron": "ṳ̀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "lû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "jû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "jî"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ru⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶zy"
},
{
"zh-pron": "y²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "rú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄖㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "rú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ju²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "rú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ru"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "жу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "žu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʐu³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "rhu"
},
{
"ipa": "/zu²¹/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "jyu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yùh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jy⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "yu⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/jyː²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "yi³"
},
{
"ipa": "/ji²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "eo⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɵ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "yì"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "iˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "yi²"
},
{
"ipa": "/i¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "yì"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "r"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "iˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "yi²"
},
{
"ipa": "/(j)i¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/i¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "ru²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʐu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "ṳ̌"
},
{
"ipa": "/y²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "ṳ̀"
},
{
"ipa": "/y⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "lû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "luu"
},
{
"ipa": "/lu²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Jinjiang",
"Quanzhou",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "jû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "juu"
},
{
"ipa": "/zu²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "jî"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "jii"
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡zi¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "jû"
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡zu⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶zy"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "zy^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³zr"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/zz̩²³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "y²"
},
{
"ipa": "/y¹³/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "nyu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*no/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*njo/"
},
{
"other": "/ jû /"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʐu³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zu²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jyː²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ji²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɵ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/i¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/(j)i¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/i¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʐu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/y²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/y⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lu²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zu²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡zi¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡zu⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/y¹³/"
},
{
"other": "/*no/"
},
{
"other": "/*njo/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shuowen Jiezi",
"Xu Shen"
],
"word": "儒"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jugaku",
"ruby": [
[
"儒学",
"じゅがく"
]
],
"word": "儒学"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jukyō",
"ruby": [
[
"儒教",
"じゅきょう"
]
],
"word": "儒教"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "sekiju",
"ruby": [
[
"碩儒",
"せきじゅ"
]
],
"word": "碩儒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "sōju",
"ruby": [
[
"宋儒",
"そうじゅ"
]
],
"word": "宋儒"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Confucianism"
],
"id": "en-儒-ja-character-Z~yzlrIw",
"links": [
[
"Confucianism",
"Confucianism"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Confucianist"
],
"id": "en-儒-ja-character-wJvIs42U",
"links": [
[
"Confucianist",
"Confucianist"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "儒"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "儒敎",
"roman": "yugyo",
"word": "유교"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "儒林",
"roman": "yurim",
"word": "유림"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "儒生",
"roman": "yusaeng",
"word": "유생"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "坑儒",
"roman": "gaeng'yu",
"word": "갱유"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "儒家",
"roman": "yuga",
"word": "유가"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "儒學",
"roman": "yuhak",
"word": "유학"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "유"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "儒"
},
"expansion": "儒 (MC nyu)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "ᅀᅲᆼ",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "ᅀᅲᆼ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ᅀᅲᆼ",
"2": "zyù"
},
"expansion": "ᅀᅲᆼ (Yale: zyù)",
"name": "okm-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "ᅀᅲ",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "ᅀᅲ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ᅀᅲ",
"2": "zyù"
},
"expansion": "ᅀᅲ (Yale: zyù)",
"name": "okm-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "션븨",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "션븨",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "션븨",
"2": "syènpùy"
},
"expansion": "션븨 (Yale: syènpùy)",
"name": "okm-l"
},
{
"args": {
"dk": "<i class=\"Kore mention\" lang=\"okm\">ᅀᅲᆼ</i> (Yale: zyù)",
"m": "<i class=\"Kore mention\" lang=\"okm\">ᅀᅲ</i> (Yale: zyù)",
"mh": "<i class=\"Kore mention\" lang=\"okm\">션븨</i> (Yale: syènpùy)",
"ml": "儒學#상34A"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "hanja-ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 儒 (MC nyu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "선비 유",
"roman": "seonbi yu",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "선비",
"2": "유"
},
"expansion": "儒 (eumhun 선비 유 (seonbi yu))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "scholar",
"word": "유"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 유 (“scholar”)."
],
"id": "en-儒-ko-character-c-mJF0ol",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"유",
"유#Korean"
],
[
"scholar",
"scholar"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "Confucianism",
"word": "유"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 유 (“Confucianism”)."
],
"id": "en-儒-ko-character-8qdj7dyt",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"유",
"유#Korean"
],
[
"Confucianism",
"Confucianism"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ju]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"other": "[유]"
}
],
"word": "儒"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "nho",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "nhu",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "nhô",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"scholar"
],
"id": "en-儒-vi-character-4~SHJriS",
"links": [
[
"scholar",
"scholar"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ruism, Confucianism"
],
"id": "en-儒-vi-character-FpPVe8~1",
"links": [
[
"Confucianism",
"Confucianism"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "儒"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min adjectives",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Eastern Min proper nouns",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Northern Min adjectives",
"Northern Min lemmas",
"Northern Min nouns",
"Northern Min proper nouns",
"Old Chinese lemmas"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "世儒"
},
{
"roman": "zhūrú",
"word": "侏儒"
},
{
"roman": "zhūrúzhèng",
"word": "侏儒症"
},
{
"word": "侏儒觀戰"
},
{
"word": "侏儒观战"
},
{
"word": "俗儒"
},
{
"word": "俚儒"
},
{
"word": "僻儒"
},
{
"word": "儒冠"
},
{
"roman": "rúshì",
"word": "儒士"
},
{
"roman": "rúxué",
"word": "儒學"
},
{
"roman": "rúxué",
"word": "儒学"
},
{
"word": "儒宗"
},
{
"roman": "rújiā",
"word": "儒家"
},
{
"word": "儒將"
},
{
"word": "儒将"
},
{
"word": "儒巾"
},
{
"roman": "rújiào",
"word": "儒教"
},
{
"roman": "rúlín",
"word": "儒林"
},
{
"roman": "Rúlín Wàishǐ",
"word": "儒林外史"
},
{
"word": "儒業"
},
{
"word": "儒业"
},
{
"roman": "rúshēng",
"word": "儒生"
},
{
"roman": "rúlüèlì",
"word": "儒略曆"
},
{
"roman": "rúlüèlì",
"word": "儒略历"
},
{
"roman": "rújīng",
"word": "儒經"
},
{
"roman": "rújīng",
"word": "儒经"
},
{
"roman": "rúzhě",
"word": "儒者"
},
{
"roman": "rúgèn",
"word": "儒艮"
},
{
"roman": "rúzàng",
"word": "儒藏"
},
{
"roman": "rúshù",
"word": "儒術"
},
{
"roman": "rúshù",
"word": "儒术"
},
{
"roman": "rúyī",
"word": "儒醫"
},
{
"roman": "rúyī",
"word": "儒医"
},
{
"roman": "rúyǎ",
"word": "儒雅"
},
{
"word": "儒風"
},
{
"word": "儒风"
},
{
"word": "先儒"
},
{
"word": "八儒"
},
{
"word": "博學鴻儒"
},
{
"word": "博学鸿儒"
},
{
"roman": "míngrú",
"word": "名儒"
},
{
"roman": "huírú",
"word": "回儒"
},
{
"word": "坑儒"
},
{
"word": "夙儒"
},
{
"roman": "dàrú",
"word": "大儒"
},
{
"roman": "sòngrú",
"word": "宋儒"
},
{
"word": "宏儒碩學"
},
{
"word": "宏儒硕学"
},
{
"roman": "sùrú",
"word": "宿儒"
},
{
"word": "宿學舊儒"
},
{
"word": "宿学旧儒"
},
{
"word": "崇儒"
},
{
"word": "拘儒"
},
{
"word": "拘拘儒儒"
},
{
"word": "散儒"
},
{
"word": "新儒學"
},
{
"word": "新儒学"
},
{
"word": "溫文儒雅"
},
{
"word": "温文儒雅"
},
{
"roman": "fénshūkēngrú",
"word": "焚書坑儒"
},
{
"roman": "fénshūkēngrú",
"word": "焚书坑儒"
},
{
"word": "燔書坑儒"
},
{
"word": "燔书坑儒"
},
{
"word": "犬儒學派"
},
{
"word": "犬儒学派"
},
{
"word": "瑰儒"
},
{
"word": "當世儒宗"
},
{
"word": "当世儒宗"
},
{
"word": "盜儒"
},
{
"word": "盗儒"
},
{
"word": "瞀儒"
},
{
"word": "碩儒"
},
{
"word": "硕儒"
},
{
"word": "碩學通儒"
},
{
"word": "硕学通儒"
},
{
"word": "碩彥名儒"
},
{
"word": "硕彦名儒"
},
{
"word": "穴見小儒"
},
{
"word": "穴见小儒"
},
{
"word": "老儒"
},
{
"word": "老師宿儒"
},
{
"word": "老师宿儒"
},
{
"word": "耆儒"
},
{
"word": "耆儒碩德"
},
{
"word": "耆儒硕德"
},
{
"word": "耆儒碩望"
},
{
"word": "耆儒硕望"
},
{
"word": "耆儒碩老"
},
{
"word": "耆儒硕老"
},
{
"roman": "fǔrú",
"word": "腐儒"
},
{
"word": "英儒"
},
{
"roman": "shùrú",
"word": "豎儒"
},
{
"roman": "shùrú",
"word": "竖儒"
},
{
"word": "賈儒商秀"
},
{
"word": "贾儒商秀"
},
{
"word": "迂儒"
},
{
"roman": "tōngrú",
"word": "通儒"
},
{
"word": "醇儒"
},
{
"roman": "lòurú",
"word": "陋儒"
},
{
"word": "陽儒陰釋"
},
{
"word": "阳儒阴释"
},
{
"word": "章句儒"
},
{
"word": "風流儒雅"
},
{
"word": "风流儒雅"
},
{
"roman": "hóngrú",
"word": "鴻儒"
},
{
"roman": "hóngrú",
"word": "鸿儒"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "儒",
"2": "sorcerers, intellectuals, government officials, Confucians"
},
"expansion": "儒 (OC *njo, “sorcerers, intellectuals, government officials, Confucians”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "柔",
"2": "soft"
},
"expansion": "柔 (OC *mlju, “soft”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "懦",
"2": "weak, timid"
},
"expansion": "懦 (OC *noːls, *njo, “weak, timid”)",
"name": "och-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin obscure. Chen (2013) – following Xu Shen's Shuowen Jiezi, etc. – links 儒 (OC *njo, “sorcerers, intellectuals, government officials, Confucians”) to 柔 (OC *mlju, “soft”) and 懦 (OC *noːls, *njo, “weak, timid”) \"probably derived from the nature of the profession, registered by softness, suppleness, and flexibility\".",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "儒",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "儒林外史 ― Rúlín wàishǐ ― Unofficial History of the Scholars (a satirical novel by 吳敬梓 Wu Jingzi)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The Master said to Zi Xia, \"Do you be a scholar after the style of the superior man, and not after that of the mean man.\"",
"ref": "子謂子夏曰：「女為君子儒，無為小人儒。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "子谓子夏曰：「女为君子儒，无为小人儒。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE\nZǐ wèi Zǐxià yuē: “Rǔ wèi jūnzǐ rú, wú wèi xiǎorén rú.” [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Use nine working-duos to involve the people of the polities and states: … the fourth are called the scholars, who use moral principles to procure people. ….",
"ref": "以九兩系邦國之民：……四曰儒，以道得民。……。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "以九两系邦国之民：……四曰儒，以道得民。……。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Rites of Zhou, circa 3ʳᵈ century BCE\nYǐ jiǔ liǎng xì bāngguó zhī mín:...... Sì yuē rú, yǐ dào dé mín........ [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"scholar; learned person"
],
"links": [
[
"scholar",
"scholar"
],
[
"learned",
"learned"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Having a penetrating understanding of Heaven, Earth, and Man is called ru (Confucian). Having a penetrating understanding of Heaven and Earth, but not understanding Man, is called \"clever.\"",
"ref": "通天、地、人曰儒，通天、地而不通人曰伎。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]",
"text": "From: Yang Xiong, Fa Yan (Exemplary Sayings), 9 CE\nTōng tiān, dì, rén yuē rú, tōng tiān, dì ér bùtōng rén yuē jì. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Confucian; Ruist"
],
"links": [
[
"Confucian",
"Confucian"
],
[
"Ruist",
"Ruist"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Mencius said, 'Those who are fleeing from the errors of Mohism naturally turn to Yangism, and those who are fleeing from the errors of Yang naturally turn to Ruism. When they so turn, they should at once and simply be received. Those who nowadays dispute with the followers of Yangism and Mohism do so as if they were pursuing a stray pig, the leg of which, after they have got it to enter the pen, they proceed to tie.'",
"ref": "孟子曰：「逃墨必歸於楊，逃楊必歸於儒。歸，斯受之而已矣。今之與楊墨辯者，如追放豚，既入其苙，又從而招之。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "孟子曰：「逃墨必归于杨，逃杨必归于儒。归，斯受之而已矣。今之与杨墨辩者，如追放豚，既入其苙，又从而招之。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Mencius, c. 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nMèngzǐ yuē: “Táo Mò bì guī yú Yáng, táo Yáng bì guī yú Rú. Guī, sī shòu zhī ér yǐ yǐ. Jīn zhī yǔ Yángmò biàn zhě, rú zhuī fàng tún, jì rù qí lì, yòu cóng ér zhāo zhī.” [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Confucianism; Ruism"
],
"links": [
[
"Confucianism",
"Confucianism"
],
[
"Ruism",
"Ruism"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"weak; cowardly"
],
"links": [
[
"weak",
"weak"
],
[
"cowardly",
"cowardly"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese surnames"
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "rú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ru²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄖㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "ru²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "jyu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "yi³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "eo⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "yì"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "yi²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "ru²"
},
{
"zh-pron": "ṳ̌"
},
{
"zh-pron": "ṳ̀"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "lû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "jû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "jî"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ru⁵"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶zy"
},
{
"zh-pron": "y²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "rú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄖㄨˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "rú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ju²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "rú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ru"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "жу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "žu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʐu³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "rhu"
},
{
"ipa": "/zu²¹/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "jyu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yùh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jy⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "yu⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/jyː²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "yi³"
},
{
"ipa": "/ji²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "eo⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɵ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "yì"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "iˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "yi²"
},
{
"ipa": "/i¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli",
"Northern",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "yì"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "r"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "iˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
],
"zh-pron": "yi²"
},
{
"ipa": "/(j)i¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/i¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "ru²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʐu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taiyuan"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
],
"zh-pron": "ṳ̌"
},
{
"ipa": "/y²¹/",
"tags": [
"Jian'ou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "ṳ̀"
},
{
"ipa": "/y⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "lû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "luu"
},
{
"ipa": "/lu²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Jinjiang",
"Quanzhou",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "jû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "juu"
},
{
"ipa": "/zu²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "jî"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "jii"
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡zi¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "jû"
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡zu⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶zy"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "zy^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³zr"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/zz̩²³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"Xiang"
],
"zh-pron": "y²"
},
{
"ipa": "/y¹³/",
"tags": [
"Changsha",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiang"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "nyu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*no/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*njo/"
},
{
"other": "/ jû /"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʐu³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zu²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jyː²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ji²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɵ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/i¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/(j)i¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/i¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʐu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/y²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/y⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lu²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zu²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡zi¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/d͡zu⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/zz̩²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/y¹³/"
},
{
"other": "/*no/"
},
{
"other": "/*njo/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shuowen Jiezi",
"Xu Shen"
],
"word": "儒"
}
{
"categories": [
"Common kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading にゅう",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading じゅ",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading うるおす",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading したがう",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading やわらか",
"Japanese kanji with kun readings missing okurigana designation",
"Japanese terms spelled with 儒",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "jugaku",
"ruby": [
[
"儒学",
"じゅがく"
]
],
"word": "儒学"
},
{
"roman": "jukyō",
"ruby": [
[
"儒教",
"じゅきょう"
]
],
"word": "儒教"
},
{
"roman": "sekiju",
"ruby": [
[
"碩儒",
"せきじゅ"
]
],
"word": "碩儒"
},
{
"roman": "sōju",
"ruby": [
[
"宋儒",
"そうじゅ"
]
],
"word": "宋儒"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Confucianism"
],
"links": [
[
"Confucianism",
"Confucianism"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Confucianist"
],
"links": [
[
"Confucianist",
"Confucianist"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "儒"
}
{
"categories": [
"Korean Han characters",
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Middle Korean links with redundant wikilinks"
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "儒敎",
"roman": "yugyo",
"word": "유교"
},
{
"alt": "儒林",
"roman": "yurim",
"word": "유림"
},
{
"alt": "儒生",
"roman": "yusaeng",
"word": "유생"
},
{
"alt": "坑儒",
"roman": "gaeng'yu",
"word": "갱유"
},
{
"alt": "儒家",
"roman": "yuga",
"word": "유가"
},
{
"alt": "儒學",
"roman": "yuhak",
"word": "유학"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "유"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "儒"
},
"expansion": "儒 (MC nyu)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "ᅀᅲᆼ",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "ᅀᅲᆼ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ᅀᅲᆼ",
"2": "zyù"
},
"expansion": "ᅀᅲᆼ (Yale: zyù)",
"name": "okm-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "ᅀᅲ",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "ᅀᅲ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ᅀᅲ",
"2": "zyù"
},
"expansion": "ᅀᅲ (Yale: zyù)",
"name": "okm-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "션븨",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "션븨",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "션븨",
"2": "syènpùy"
},
"expansion": "션븨 (Yale: syènpùy)",
"name": "okm-l"
},
{
"args": {
"dk": "<i class=\"Kore mention\" lang=\"okm\">ᅀᅲᆼ</i> (Yale: zyù)",
"m": "<i class=\"Kore mention\" lang=\"okm\">ᅀᅲ</i> (Yale: zyù)",
"mh": "<i class=\"Kore mention\" lang=\"okm\">션븨</i> (Yale: syènpùy)",
"ml": "儒學#상34A"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "hanja-ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 儒 (MC nyu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "선비 유",
"roman": "seonbi yu",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "선비",
"2": "유"
},
"expansion": "儒 (eumhun 선비 유 (seonbi yu))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "scholar",
"word": "유"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 유 (“scholar”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"유",
"유#Korean"
],
[
"scholar",
"scholar"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "Confucianism",
"word": "유"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 유 (“Confucianism”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"유",
"유#Korean"
],
[
"Confucianism",
"Confucianism"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ju]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"other": "[유]"
}
],
"word": "儒"
}
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Han script characters",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"儒 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+14, 16 strokes, cangjie input 人一月月 (OMBB), four-corner 2122₇, composition ⿰亻需)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"亻",
"亻#Translingual"
],
[
"需",
"需#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "儒"
}
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Han characters",
"Vietnamese Han characters with unconfirmed readings",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "nho",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "nhu",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "nhô",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"scholar"
],
"links": [
[
"scholar",
"scholar"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Ruism, Confucianism"
],
"links": [
[
"Confucianism",
"Confucianism"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "儒"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"儒"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "儒",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
"path": [
"儒"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "儒",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"儒"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "儒",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min'",
"path": [
"儒"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "儒",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
"path": [
"儒"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "儒",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary)'",
"path": [
"儒"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "儒",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
"path": [
"儒"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "儒",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"儒"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "儒",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"儒"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "儒",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"儒"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "儒",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min (KCR)'",
"path": [
"儒"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "儒",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"儒"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "儒",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
"儒"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "儒",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
"path": [
"儒"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "儒",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"儒"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "儒",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.