See شما on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "ʾšmʾ",
"4": "ʾšmʾ, ʿšmʾ",
"5": "you",
"tr": "ašmā, išmā"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian ʾšmʾ, ʿšmʾ (ašmā, išmā, “you”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*yū́",
"t": "you (plural)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *yū́ (“you (plural)”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "luz",
"2": "ایسا",
"t": "you",
"tr": "īsâ"
},
"expansion": "Southern Luri ایسا (īsâ, “you”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bqi",
"2": "ایسا",
"t": "you",
"tr": "īsâ"
},
"expansion": "Bakhtiari ایسا (īsâ, “you”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian ʾšmʾ, ʿšmʾ (ašmā, išmā, “you”), from Proto-Indo-European *yū́ (“you (plural)”). Compare Southern Luri ایسا (īsâ, “you”) and Bakhtiari ایسا (īsâ, “you”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "شُما",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "šomâ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pronoun",
"head": "شُما",
"tr": "šomâ"
},
"expansion": "شُما • (šomâ)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian personal pronouns",
"parents": [
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you (formal, polite, and grammatically plural)"
],
"id": "en-شما-fa-pron-jE55z7~P",
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "man",
"word": "مَن"
},
{
"roman": "mâ",
"word": "ما"
},
{
"english": "to",
"word": "تو"
},
{
"roman": "šomâ",
"word": "شُما"
},
{
"english": "on",
"roman": "u",
"word": "او اون*"
},
{
"roman": "ân-hâ",
"word": "آنها"
},
{
"roman": "onâ",
"word": "آنان اونا*"
},
{
"roman": "vey",
"word": "وِی"
},
{
"roman": "išân",
"word": "ایشان"
},
{
"english": "man",
"word": "من"
},
{
"roman": "marā",
"word": "مرا"
},
{
"roman": "mā",
"word": "ما"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"roman": "ma",
"word": "مه"
},
{
"roman": "mara",
"word": "مره"
},
{
"roman": "māra",
"word": "ماره"
},
{
"roman": "tū, tō",
"word": "تو2"
},
{
"roman": "turā",
"word": "ترا"
},
{
"roman": "tura",
"word": "تره"
},
{
"roman": "šumāyā",
"word": "شمایا"
},
{
"roman": "šumāyāra",
"word": "شمایاره"
},
{
"roman": "ān",
"word": "اوآن"
},
{
"alt": "ān‑hā",
"roman": "ānān",
"word": "آنان4آنها4"
},
{
"english": "way",
"roman": "ēšān",
"word": "وی3ایشان"
},
{
"roman": "ēšān",
"word": "ایشان"
},
{
"roman": "ū",
"word": "او"
},
{
"roman": "ūra",
"word": "اوره"
},
{
"roman": "ūnā",
"word": "اونا"
},
{
"roman": "ūnāra",
"word": "ایناره"
},
{
"roman": "ūnū",
"word": "اونو"
},
{
"roman": "ūnūra",
"word": "اونوره"
},
{
"roman": "wā",
"word": "وا"
},
{
"roman": "wāra",
"word": "واره"
},
{
"roman": "ūnamū",
"word": "اونمو"
},
{
"roman": "ūnamūra",
"word": "اونموره"
},
{
"roman": "ūnamwā",
"word": "اونموا"
},
{
"roman": "ūnamwāra",
"word": "اونمواره"
},
{
"roman": "īn",
"word": "این"
},
{
"alt": "īn‑hā",
"roman": "īnān",
"word": "ایناناینها"
},
{
"roman": "ī",
"word": "ای"
},
{
"roman": "īra",
"word": "ایره"
},
{
"roman": "īnā",
"word": "اینا"
},
{
"roman": "īnāra",
"word": "ایناره"
},
{
"roman": "īnī",
"word": "اینی"
},
{
"roman": "īnīra",
"word": "اینیره"
},
{
"roman": "yā",
"word": "یا"
},
{
"roman": "yāra",
"word": "یاره"
},
{
"roman": "īnamī",
"word": "اینمی"
},
{
"roman": "īnamīra",
"word": "اینمیره"
},
{
"roman": "īnamyā",
"word": "اینمیا"
},
{
"roman": "īnamyāra",
"word": "اینمیاره"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʃu.ˈmɑː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃʊ.mɑ́ː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃʊ.mɑ́ː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃʊ.mɑ́ː]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃu.mɔ́ː]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃo.mɒ́ː]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃu.mɔ́]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"audio": "Fa-شما.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/Fa-%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7.ogg/Fa-%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Fa-%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7.ogg"
}
],
"word": "شما"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "ʾšmʾ",
"4": "ʾšmʾ, ʿšmʾ",
"5": "you",
"tr": "ašmā, išmā"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian ʾšmʾ, ʿšmʾ (ašmā, išmā, “you”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*yū́",
"t": "you (plural)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *yū́ (“you (plural)”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "luz",
"2": "ایسا",
"t": "you",
"tr": "īsâ"
},
"expansion": "Southern Luri ایسا (īsâ, “you”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bqi",
"2": "ایسا",
"t": "you",
"tr": "īsâ"
},
"expansion": "Bakhtiari ایسا (īsâ, “you”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian ʾšmʾ, ʿšmʾ (ašmā, išmā, “you”), from Proto-Indo-European *yū́ (“you (plural)”). Compare Southern Luri ایسا (īsâ, “you”) and Bakhtiari ایسا (īsâ, “you”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "شُما",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "šomâ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pronoun",
"head": "شُما",
"tr": "šomâ"
},
"expansion": "شُما • (šomâ)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"english": "man",
"word": "مَن"
},
{
"roman": "mâ",
"word": "ما"
},
{
"english": "to",
"word": "تو"
},
{
"roman": "šomâ",
"word": "شُما"
},
{
"english": "on",
"roman": "u",
"word": "او اون*"
},
{
"roman": "ân-hâ",
"word": "آنها"
},
{
"roman": "onâ",
"word": "آنان اونا*"
},
{
"roman": "vey",
"word": "وِی"
},
{
"roman": "išân",
"word": "ایشان"
},
{
"english": "man",
"word": "من"
},
{
"roman": "marā",
"word": "مرا"
},
{
"roman": "mā",
"word": "ما"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"roman": "ma",
"word": "مه"
},
{
"roman": "mara",
"word": "مره"
},
{
"roman": "māra",
"word": "ماره"
},
{
"roman": "tū, tō",
"word": "تو2"
},
{
"roman": "turā",
"word": "ترا"
},
{
"roman": "tura",
"word": "تره"
},
{
"roman": "šumāyā",
"word": "شمایا"
},
{
"roman": "šumāyāra",
"word": "شمایاره"
},
{
"roman": "ān",
"word": "اوآن"
},
{
"alt": "ān‑hā",
"roman": "ānān",
"word": "آنان4آنها4"
},
{
"english": "way",
"roman": "ēšān",
"word": "وی3ایشان"
},
{
"roman": "ēšān",
"word": "ایشان"
},
{
"roman": "ū",
"word": "او"
},
{
"roman": "ūra",
"word": "اوره"
},
{
"roman": "ūnā",
"word": "اونا"
},
{
"roman": "ūnāra",
"word": "ایناره"
},
{
"roman": "ūnū",
"word": "اونو"
},
{
"roman": "ūnūra",
"word": "اونوره"
},
{
"roman": "wā",
"word": "وا"
},
{
"roman": "wāra",
"word": "واره"
},
{
"roman": "ūnamū",
"word": "اونمو"
},
{
"roman": "ūnamūra",
"word": "اونموره"
},
{
"roman": "ūnamwā",
"word": "اونموا"
},
{
"roman": "ūnamwāra",
"word": "اونمواره"
},
{
"roman": "īn",
"word": "این"
},
{
"alt": "īn‑hā",
"roman": "īnān",
"word": "ایناناینها"
},
{
"roman": "ī",
"word": "ای"
},
{
"roman": "īra",
"word": "ایره"
},
{
"roman": "īnā",
"word": "اینا"
},
{
"roman": "īnāra",
"word": "ایناره"
},
{
"roman": "īnī",
"word": "اینی"
},
{
"roman": "īnīra",
"word": "اینیره"
},
{
"roman": "yā",
"word": "یا"
},
{
"roman": "yāra",
"word": "یاره"
},
{
"roman": "īnamī",
"word": "اینمی"
},
{
"roman": "īnamīra",
"word": "اینمیره"
},
{
"roman": "īnamyā",
"word": "اینمیا"
},
{
"roman": "īnamyāra",
"word": "اینمیاره"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian personal pronouns",
"Persian pronouns",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Persian undefined derivations"
],
"glosses": [
"you (formal, polite, and grammatically plural)"
],
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʃu.ˈmɑː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃʊ.mɑ́ː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃʊ.mɑ́ː]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃʊ.mɑ́ː]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃu.mɔ́ː]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃo.mɒ́ː]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃu.mɔ́]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"audio": "Fa-شما.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/Fa-%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7.ogg/Fa-%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Fa-%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7.ogg"
}
],
"word": "شما"
}
Download raw JSONL data for شما meaning in All languages combined (4.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (32c88e6 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.