See град on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "zle-ort",
"3": "градъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian градъ (hrad)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "orv",
"3": "градъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic градъ (gradŭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gradъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gradъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Ruthenian градъ (hrad), from Old East Slavic градъ (gradŭ), from Proto-Slavic *gradъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hrad",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ду",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "be-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "град",
"roman": "hrad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ду",
"roman": "hrádu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ду",
"roman": "hrádu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "град",
"roman": "hrad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дам",
"roman": "hrádam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дзе",
"roman": "hrádzje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "град<sg>"
},
"expansion": "град • (hrad) m inan (genitive гра́ду, uncountable)",
"name": "be-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "град<sg>"
},
"name": "be-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "be",
"name": "Meteorology",
"orig": "be:Meteorology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Belarusian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Belarusian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "be",
"name": "Ice",
"orig": "be:Ice",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
14,
18
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
58,
64
]
],
"english": "Beaten by the hail, dusky ears of rye bent toward the ground on both sides of the road.",
"ref": "1927, Алесь Гародня, На крэсах, Minsk: Выданьне ЦБ Маладняка, page 55:",
"roman": "Paabapal daróhi hnulisja da zjamli panurnyja kalasy zʹbitaha hradam žyta.",
"text": "Паабапал дарогі гнуліся да зямлі панурныя каласы зьбітага градам жыта.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hail (balls or pieces of ice falling as precipitation, often in connection with a thunderstorm)"
],
"id": "en-град-be-noun-OjRFrPqW",
"links": [
[
"meteorology",
"meteorology"
],
[
"hail",
"hail"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(meteorology) hail (balls or pieces of ice falling as precipitation, often in connection with a thunderstorm)"
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"climatology",
"meteorology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Belarusian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Belarusian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
128,
134
]
],
"ref": "1938 [1848], Charles Dickens, anonymous translator, Домбі і сын, Minsk: ДВБ, translation of Dombey and Son, page 267:",
"roman": "Nje mjenš razzlavany byŭ majór, kali apranaŭsja k abjedu: u časje hetaj pracedury na cjómnaskuraha sluhu sypaŭsja hrad usjaljakix pradmjetaŭ, pačynajučy z bóta, kančajučy ščótkaj dlja pryčesvannja i ŭključajučy ŭsjo, što trapljala pad ruku jahó haspadara.",
"text": "Nor was the Major less exasperated as he dressed for dinner, during which operation the dark servant underwent the pelting of a shower of miscellaneous objects, varying in size from a boot to a hairbrush, and including everything that came within his master’s reach.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
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66,
70
]
],
"ref": "1940 [1826], James Fenimore Cooper, anonymous translator, Апошні з магікан, Minsk: ДВБ, translation of The Last of the Mohicans, page 96:",
"roman": "I znoŭ z ljasnyx huščaraŭ vyrvaŭsja dziki, ljuty kryk, i svincóvy hrad zasvistaŭ nad halavami asadžanyx;",
"text": "Once more the savage yells burst out of the woods, and the leaden hail whistled above the heads of the besieged",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hail (a rapid, intense barrage by a large number of projectiles or other objects)"
],
"id": "en-град-be-noun-4JaJ7o~S",
"links": [
[
"hail",
"hail"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɣrat]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9091 (bel)-Ssvb-град.wav",
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}
],
"word": "град"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gȏrdъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*gárdas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *gárdas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰerdʰ-",
"4": "*gʰórdʰos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰórdʰos",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gárdas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰórdʰos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grad",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дски",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
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},
{
"form": "bg-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "град",
"roman": "grad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градове́",
"roman": "gradové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гради́ща",
"roman": "gradíšta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "градъ́т",
"roman": "gradǎ́t",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "градове́те",
"roman": "gradovéte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "гради́щата",
"roman": "gradíštata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"rare",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "града́",
"roman": "gradá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"objective",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градове́те",
"roman": "gradovéte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"objective",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гради́щата",
"roman": "gradíštata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"objective",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"count-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́да",
"roman": "gráda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"count-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́де",
"roman": "gráde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "градове́",
"roman": "gradové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "гради́ща",
"roman": "gradíšta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"rare",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "град",
"2": "m",
"adj": "гра́дски"
},
"expansion": "град • (grad) m (relational adjective гра́дски)",
"name": "bg-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "град<b(v)+ове+ищаr>"
},
"name": "bg-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"town, city"
],
"id": "en-град-bg-noun-ZCEWfNGR",
"links": [
[
"town",
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],
[
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]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "sélo",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "се́ло"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡrat]"
},
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],
"word": "град"
}
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"3": "*gradъ"
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*greh₃d-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *greh₃d-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *gradъ, from Proto-Indo-European *greh₃d- or *ǵʰreh₃d-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grad",
"tags": [
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},
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"form": "no-table-tags",
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"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "град",
"roman": "grad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градъ́т",
"roman": "gradǎ́t",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "града́",
"roman": "gradá",
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"tags": [
"definite",
"objective",
"singular"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "град • (grad) m",
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{
"args": {
"1": "град<b/n:sg>"
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],
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"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 44 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
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],
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"hail, hailstorm"
],
"id": "en-град-bg-noun-MFXUK3gs",
"links": [
[
"hail",
"hail"
],
[
"hailstorm",
"hailstorm"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡrat]"
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}
],
"word": "град"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "grad",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "град",
"roman": "grad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ди",
"roman": "grádi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дът",
"roman": "grádǎt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дите",
"roman": "grádite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́да",
"roman": "gráda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"objective",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дите",
"roman": "grádite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"objective",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"count-form",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "гра́да",
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}
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{
"args": {
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"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 44 54",
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{
"_dis": "0 39 61",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "bg",
"name": "Ice",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 38 56",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "bg",
"name": "Polities",
"orig": "bg:Polities",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 27 69",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "bg",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "bg:Units of measure",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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"grad (unit of measurement)"
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"links": [
[
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"grad"
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}
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}
],
"word": "град"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "mk",
"name": "Weather",
"orig": "mk:Weather",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "town"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gȏrdъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gȏrdъ"
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}
],
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"forms": [
{
"form": "grad",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "градови",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градски",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "гратче",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "градец",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "градиште",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mk-decl-noun-m",
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},
{
"form": "град",
"roman": "grad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градови",
"roman": "gradovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градот",
"roman": "gradot",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "градовите",
"roman": "gradovite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "градов",
"roman": "gradov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"proximal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градовиве",
"roman": "gradovive",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"proximal"
]
},
{
"form": "градон",
"roman": "gradon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градовине",
"roman": "gradovine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "граду",
"roman": "gradu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "градови",
"roman": "gradovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"count-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "града",
"roman": "grada",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"count-form",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "градови",
"adj": "градски",
"aug": "градиште",
"dim": "гратче",
"dim2": "градец"
},
"expansion": "град • (grad) m (plural градови, relational adjective градски, diminutive гратче or градец, augmentative градиште)",
"name": "mk-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"град"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "градов",
"pov": "1"
},
"name": "mk-decl-noun-m"
},
{
"args": {
"accel-gender": "m",
"col_pl": "",
"col_pl2": "",
"col_sg": "градје",
"col_sg2": "",
"count": "града",
"def_dist_pl": "градовине",
"def_dist_sg": "градон",
"def_prox_pl": "градовиве",
"def_prox_sg": "градов",
"def_unsp_pl": "градовите",
"def_unsp_sg": "градот",
"ind_pl": "градови",
"ind_sg": "град",
"n": "",
"voc_pl": "градови",
"voc_sg": "граду",
"voc_sg2": ""
},
"name": "mk-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macedonian masculine nouns with plurals in -ови",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "velegrad",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "велеград"
},
{
"english": "glaven grad",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "главен град"
},
{
"roman": "gradonačalnik",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "градоначалник"
},
{
"roman": "gradonačalnička",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "градоначалничка"
},
{
"roman": "gradonačalnički",
"word": "градоначалнички"
},
{
"roman": "graǵanec",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "граѓанец"
},
{
"roman": "graǵanin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "граѓанин"
},
{
"roman": "graǵanka",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "граѓанка"
},
{
"roman": "meǵugradski",
"word": "меѓуградски"
},
{
"roman": "prigradski",
"word": "приградски"
},
{
"roman": "sograǵanin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сограѓанин"
},
{
"roman": "sograǵanka",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сограѓанка"
}
],
"glosses": [
"city, town"
],
"id": "en-град-mk-noun-buP~kWBn",
"links": [
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"town",
"town"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "gradba",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "градба"
},
{
"roman": "gradežen",
"word": "градежен"
},
{
"roman": "gradežništvo",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "градежништво"
},
{
"roman": "gradi",
"word": "гради"
},
{
"roman": "gradilište",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "градилиште"
},
{
"roman": "zagrada",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "заграда"
},
{
"roman": "zgrada",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "зграда"
},
{
"roman": "izgradi",
"word": "изгради"
},
{
"roman": "opština",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "општина"
},
{
"roman": "selo",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "село"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡrat]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9296 (mkd)-Bjankuloski06-град.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.wav/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.wav/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "град"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "mk",
"name": "Weather",
"orig": "mk:Weather",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "hail"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gradъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gradъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gradъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gradъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gradъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grad",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mk-decl-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "град",
"roman": "grad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градот",
"roman": "gradot",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "градов",
"roman": "gradov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"proximal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градон",
"roman": "gradon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "граду",
"roman": "gradu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "град • (grad) m (uncountable)",
"name": "mk-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"град"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"n": "sg"
},
"name": "mk-decl-noun-m"
},
{
"args": {
"accel-gender": "m",
"col_pl": "",
"col_pl2": "",
"col_sg": "градје",
"col_sg2": "",
"count": "града",
"def_dist_pl": "градине",
"def_dist_sg": "градон",
"def_prox_pl": "градиве",
"def_prox_sg": "градов",
"def_unsp_pl": "градите",
"def_unsp_sg": "градот",
"ind_pl": "гради",
"ind_sg": "град",
"n": "sg",
"voc_pl": "гради",
"voc_sg": "граду",
"voc_sg2": ""
},
"name": "mk-decl-noun-table-single"
}
],
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macedonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macedonian singularia tantum",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "mk",
"name": "Atmospheric phenomena",
"orig": "mk:Atmospheric phenomena",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "mk",
"name": "Ice",
"orig": "mk:Ice",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "mk",
"name": "Polities",
"orig": "mk:Polities",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hail (balls of ice)"
],
"id": "en-град-mk-noun-rm~vrh1N",
"links": [
[
"hail",
"hail"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "dožd",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дожд"
},
{
"roman": "sneg",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "снег"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡrat]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9296 (mkd)-Bjankuloski06-град.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.wav/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.wav/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "град"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰreh₃d-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "градъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic градъ (gradŭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gradъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gradъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gruodas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gruodas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*grōda-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *grōda-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "grandō"
},
"expansion": "Latin grandō",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "կարկուտ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian կարկուտ (karkut)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ह्रादुनि",
"t": "hail"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ह्रादुनि (hrāduni, “hail”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "English grind",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old East Slavic градъ (gradŭ), from Proto-Slavic *gradъ.\nCognate with Lithuanian gruodas (Proto-Balto-Slavic *grōda-), Latin grandō, Old Armenian կարկուտ (karkut), Sanskrit ह्रादुनि (hrāduni, “hail”) and possibly with English grind.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grad",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́да",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дик",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́д",
"roman": "grád",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́да",
"roman": "gráda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ду",
"roman": "grádu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́д",
"roman": "grád",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дом",
"roman": "grádom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́де",
"roman": "gráde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градъ",
"roman": "grad",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"dim": "гра́дик",
"n": "sg"
},
"expansion": "град • (grad) m inan (genitive гра́да, uncountable, diminutive гра́дик)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Meteorology",
"orig": "ru:Meteorology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "52 22 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 26 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 25 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 31 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 6 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Ice",
"orig": "ru:Ice",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
5,
9
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "It’s hailing.",
"roman": "Grad idjót",
"text": "Град идёт",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hail"
],
"id": "en-град-ru-noun-H2Y5qKUc",
"links": [
[
"meteorology",
"meteorology"
],
[
"hail",
"hail"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(meteorology) hail"
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"climatology",
"meteorology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "hail of bullets",
"roman": "grad pulʹ",
"text": "град пуль",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"deluge, hail, shower (overwhelming flow or barrage of something)"
],
"id": "en-град-ru-noun-KFyCpbyz",
"links": [
[
"deluge",
"deluge"
],
[
"hail",
"hail"
],
[
"shower",
"shower"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) deluge, hail, shower (overwhelming flow or barrage of something)"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡrat]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "град"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "cu",
"3": "градъ"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic градъ (gradŭ)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gȏrdъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "го́род"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of го́род (górod)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic градъ (gradŭ), which is a reflex of Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ. Doublet of го́род (górod), which was normally inherited by pleophony. Old Church Slavonic word shows liquid metathesis characteristic of South Slavic area.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grad",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́да",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ды",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дов",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́д",
"roman": "grád",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ды",
"roman": "grády",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́да",
"roman": "gráda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дов",
"roman": "grádov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ду",
"roman": "grádu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дам",
"roman": "grádam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́д",
"roman": "grád",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ды",
"roman": "grády",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дом",
"roman": "grádom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дами",
"roman": "grádami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́де",
"roman": "gráde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дах",
"roman": "grádax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "градъ",
"roman": "grad",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "град • (grad) m inan (genitive гра́да, nominative plural гра́ды, genitive plural гра́дов)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "atomgrád",
"word": "атомгра́д"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
9,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
13
]
],
"english": "capital (city)",
"roman": "stolʹnyj grad",
"text": "стольный град",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"town, city, used as a common city name suffix (Волгоград, Калининград, Ленинград)"
],
"id": "en-град-ru-noun-ru:town",
"links": [
[
"town",
"town"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"Волгоград",
"Волгоград"
],
[
"Калининград",
"Калининград"
],
[
"Ленинград",
"Ленинград"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic, archaic) town, city, used as a common city name suffix (Волгоград, Калининград, Ленинград)"
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "górod",
"word": "го́род"
},
{
"roman": "-grad",
"word": "-град"
}
],
"senseid": [
"ru:town"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "regular term",
"word": "го́род"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡrat]"
}
],
"word": "град"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gȏrdъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gȏrdъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*gárdas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *gárdas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰerdʰ-",
"4": "*gʰórdʰos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰórdʰos",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gárdas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰórdʰos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "гра̑д",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "grȃd",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̑д",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̏дови",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̑да",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̏до̄ва̄",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̑ду",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̏довима",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̑д",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̏дове",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̑де",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̏дови",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ду",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̏довима",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̑дом",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̏довима",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "гра̑д"
},
"expansion": "гра̑д m (Latin spelling grȃd)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"city, town"
],
"id": "en-град-sh-noun-buP~kWBn",
"links": [
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"town",
"town"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"fortress, castle"
],
"id": "en-град-sh-noun-yCbwblUz",
"links": [
[
"fortress",
"fortress"
],
[
"castle",
"castle"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 4 1 11 14 1 3 6 2 2 1 3 25 3 14 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 0 12 16 0 1 5 1 1 0 1 28 2 15 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 4 50 8 27 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 57 4 22 12",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Buildings",
"orig": "sh:Buildings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 64 1 26 9",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Ice",
"orig": "sh:Ice",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 57 4 22 12",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Polities",
"orig": "sh:Polities",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 49 3 33 12",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "sh:Units of measure",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 9 47 11 21 10",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Places",
"orig": "sh:Places",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"downtown, city centre"
],
"id": "en-град-sh-noun-T9-fTCsB",
"links": [
[
"у",
"у#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"downtown",
"downtown"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually after the preposition у) downtown, city centre"
],
"raw_tags": [
"after the preposition у"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡrâːd/"
}
],
"word": "град"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gradъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gradъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gradъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gradъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*greh₃d-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *greh₃d-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gradъ, from Proto-Indo-European *greh₃d- or *ǵʰreh₃d-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "гра̏д",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "grȁd",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "град",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гради",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "града",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гради",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "граду",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градима",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "град",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "граде",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "граде",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "гради",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "граду",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градима",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градом",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градима",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "гра̏д"
},
"expansion": "гра̏д m (Latin spelling grȁd)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hail"
],
"id": "en-град-sh-noun-H2Y5qKUc",
"links": [
[
"hail",
"hail"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ту̏ча"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡrâd/"
}
],
"word": "град"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "la",
"3": "gradus"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin gradus",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin gradus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "гра̑д",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "grȃd",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̑д",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гради",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "града",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дӣ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́да̄",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "граду",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градима",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "град",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "граде",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "граде",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "гради",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "граду",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градима",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градом",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градима",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "гра̑д"
},
"expansion": "гра̑д m (Latin spelling grȃd)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "sh:Mathematics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gradian"
],
"id": "en-град-sh-noun-5qYsOIds",
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"gradian",
"gradian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) gradian"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"degree (measuring unit in various systems; the more usual and general term is сте̏пе̄н or сту̑пањ)"
],
"id": "en-град-sh-noun-PGqxN4LH",
"links": [
[
"degree",
"degree"
],
[
"сте̏пе̄н",
"степен#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"сту̑пањ",
"ступањ#Serbo-Croatian"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡrâːd/"
}
],
"word": "град"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "zle-muk",
"3": "градъ"
},
"expansion": "Middle Ukrainian градъ (hrad)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "orv",
"3": "градъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic градъ (gradŭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gradъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gradъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Ukrainian градъ (hrad), from Old East Slavic градъ (gradŭ), from Proto-Slavic *gradъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hrad",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ду",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ди",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дів",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uk-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "град",
"roman": "hrad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ди",
"roman": "hrády",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ду",
"roman": "hrádu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дів",
"roman": "hrádiv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дові",
"roman": "hrádovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ду",
"roman": "hrádu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дам",
"roman": "hrádam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "град",
"roman": "hrad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ди",
"roman": "hrády",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дом",
"roman": "hrádom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дами",
"roman": "hrádamy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ді",
"roman": "hrádi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дах",
"roman": "hrádax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́де",
"roman": "hráde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ди",
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"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
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}
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],
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{
"args": {
"1": "град<genu>"
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"name": "uk-ndecl"
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{
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{
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{
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"source": "w"
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{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "uk",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "uk",
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"source": "w"
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"id": "en-град-uk-noun-H2Y5qKUc",
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[
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"Belarusian lemmas",
"Belarusian masculine nouns",
"Belarusian nouns",
"Belarusian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Belarusian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Belarusian terms derived from Old Ruthenian",
"Belarusian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Belarusian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
"Belarusian terms inherited from Old Ruthenian",
"Belarusian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Belarusian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Belarusian terms with redundant head parameter",
"Belarusian uncountable nouns",
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{
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{
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],
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{
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},
{
"form": "гра́ду",
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},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
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},
{
"form": "be-ndecl",
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"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "accent-a",
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},
{
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"singular"
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},
{
"form": "гра́ду",
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},
{
"form": "гра́ду",
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},
{
"form": "град",
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"accusative",
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},
{
"form": "гра́дам",
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"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "гра́дзе",
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"tags": [
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"singular"
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}
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{
"args": {
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18
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"ref": "1927, Алесь Гародня, На крэсах, Minsk: Выданьне ЦБ Маладняка, page 55:",
"roman": "Paabapal daróhi hnulisja da zjamli panurnyja kalasy zʹbitaha hradam žyta.",
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}
],
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"hail"
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"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
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},
{
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],
"ref": "1938 [1848], Charles Dickens, anonymous translator, Домбі і сын, Minsk: ДВБ, translation of Dombey and Son, page 267:",
"roman": "Nje mjenš razzlavany byŭ majór, kali apranaŭsja k abjedu: u časje hetaj pracedury na cjómnaskuraha sluhu sypaŭsja hrad usjaljakix pradmjetaŭ, pačynajučy z bóta, kančajučy ščótkaj dlja pryčesvannja i ŭključajučy ŭsjo, što trapljala pad ruku jahó haspadara.",
"text": "Nor was the Major less exasperated as he dressed for dinner, during which operation the dark servant underwent the pelting of a shower of miscellaneous objects, varying in size from a boot to a hairbrush, and including everything that came within his master’s reach.",
"type": "quote"
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"ref": "1940 [1826], James Fenimore Cooper, anonymous translator, Апошні з магікан, Minsk: ДВБ, translation of The Last of the Mohicans, page 96:",
"roman": "I znoŭ z ljasnyx huščaraŭ vyrvaŭsja dziki, ljuty kryk, i svincóvy hrad zasvistaŭ nad halavami asadžanyx;",
"text": "Once more the savage yells burst out of the woods, and the leaden hail whistled above the heads of the besieged",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"hail (a rapid, intense barrage by a large number of projectiles or other objects)"
],
"links": [
[
"hail",
"hail"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "[ɣrat]"
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"Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Bulgarian terms with redundant head parameter",
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"bg:Units of measure"
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{
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{
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"name": "inh"
}
],
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{
"form": "grad",
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"form": "град",
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"tags": [
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"singular"
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},
{
"form": "градове́",
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"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
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},
{
"form": "гради́ща",
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"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "градъ́т",
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"tags": [
"definite",
"singular",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "градове́те",
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"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "гради́щата",
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},
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},
{
"form": "градове́те",
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гради́щата",
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"tags": [
"definite",
"objective",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́да",
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"tags": [
"count-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́де",
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "градове́",
"roman": "gradové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "гради́ща",
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}
],
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],
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"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
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"tags": [
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],
"word": "се́ло"
}
],
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],
"links": [
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[
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]
}
],
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],
"word": "град"
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{
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"3": "*greh₃d-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *greh₃d-",
"name": "der"
}
],
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{
"form": "grad",
"tags": [
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},
{
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},
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},
{
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"singular"
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},
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},
{
"form": "града́",
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"singular"
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}
],
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"args": {
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],
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"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
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"hail"
],
[
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]
}
],
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],
"word": "град"
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{
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"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
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},
{
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"table-tags"
]
},
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]
},
{
"form": "град",
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"tags": [
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ди",
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"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дът",
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"tags": [
"definite",
"singular",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дите",
"roman": "grádite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́да",
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"tags": [
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"objective",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дите",
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"objective",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́да",
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"plural"
]
}
],
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],
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{
"args": {
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},
"name": "bg-ndecl"
}
],
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"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
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"links": [
[
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]
}
],
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.wav/LL-Q7918_%28bul%29-Kiril_kovachev-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "град"
}
{
"categories": [
"Macedonian 1-syllable words",
"Macedonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Macedonian lemmas",
"Macedonian masculine nouns",
"Macedonian masculine nouns with plurals in -ови",
"Macedonian nouns",
"Macedonian oxytone terms",
"Macedonian singularia tantum",
"Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Macedonian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"mk:Atmospheric phenomena",
"mk:Ice",
"mk:Polities",
"mk:Weather"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "velegrad",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "велеград"
},
{
"english": "glaven grad",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "главен град"
},
{
"roman": "gradonačalnik",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "градоначалник"
},
{
"roman": "gradonačalnička",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "градоначалничка"
},
{
"roman": "gradonačalnički",
"word": "градоначалнички"
},
{
"roman": "graǵanec",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "граѓанец"
},
{
"roman": "graǵanin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "граѓанин"
},
{
"roman": "graǵanka",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "граѓанка"
},
{
"roman": "meǵugradski",
"word": "меѓуградски"
},
{
"roman": "prigradski",
"word": "приградски"
},
{
"roman": "sograǵanin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сограѓанин"
},
{
"roman": "sograǵanka",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сограѓанка"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "town"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gȏrdъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gȏrdъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grad",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "градови",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градски",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "гратче",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "градец",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "градиште",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mk-decl-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "град",
"roman": "grad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градови",
"roman": "gradovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градот",
"roman": "gradot",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "градовите",
"roman": "gradovite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "градов",
"roman": "gradov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"proximal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градовиве",
"roman": "gradovive",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"proximal"
]
},
{
"form": "градон",
"roman": "gradon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градовине",
"roman": "gradovine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "граду",
"roman": "gradu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "градови",
"roman": "gradovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"count-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "града",
"roman": "grada",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"count-form",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "градови",
"adj": "градски",
"aug": "градиште",
"dim": "гратче",
"dim2": "градец"
},
"expansion": "град • (grad) m (plural градови, relational adjective градски, diminutive гратче or градец, augmentative градиште)",
"name": "mk-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"град"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "градов",
"pov": "1"
},
"name": "mk-decl-noun-m"
},
{
"args": {
"accel-gender": "m",
"col_pl": "",
"col_pl2": "",
"col_sg": "градје",
"col_sg2": "",
"count": "града",
"def_dist_pl": "градовине",
"def_dist_sg": "градон",
"def_prox_pl": "градовиве",
"def_prox_sg": "градов",
"def_unsp_pl": "градовите",
"def_unsp_sg": "градот",
"ind_pl": "градови",
"ind_sg": "град",
"n": "",
"voc_pl": "градови",
"voc_sg": "граду",
"voc_sg2": ""
},
"name": "mk-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "gradba",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "градба"
},
{
"roman": "gradežen",
"word": "градежен"
},
{
"roman": "gradežništvo",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "градежништво"
},
{
"roman": "gradi",
"word": "гради"
},
{
"roman": "gradilište",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "градилиште"
},
{
"roman": "zagrada",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "заграда"
},
{
"roman": "zgrada",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "зграда"
},
{
"roman": "izgradi",
"word": "изгради"
},
{
"roman": "opština",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "општина"
},
{
"roman": "selo",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "село"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"city, town"
],
"links": [
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"town",
"town"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡrat]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9296 (mkd)-Bjankuloski06-град.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.wav/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.wav/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "град"
}
{
"categories": [
"Macedonian 1-syllable words",
"Macedonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Macedonian lemmas",
"Macedonian masculine nouns",
"Macedonian nouns",
"Macedonian oxytone terms",
"Macedonian singularia tantum",
"Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Macedonian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"mk:Atmospheric phenomena",
"mk:Ice",
"mk:Polities",
"mk:Weather"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "hail"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gradъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gradъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gradъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gradъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gradъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grad",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mk-decl-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "град",
"roman": "grad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градот",
"roman": "gradot",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "градов",
"roman": "gradov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"proximal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градон",
"roman": "gradon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "граду",
"roman": "gradu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "град • (grad) m (uncountable)",
"name": "mk-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"град"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"n": "sg"
},
"name": "mk-decl-noun-m"
},
{
"args": {
"accel-gender": "m",
"col_pl": "",
"col_pl2": "",
"col_sg": "градје",
"col_sg2": "",
"count": "града",
"def_dist_pl": "градине",
"def_dist_sg": "градон",
"def_prox_pl": "градиве",
"def_prox_sg": "градов",
"def_unsp_pl": "градите",
"def_unsp_sg": "градот",
"ind_pl": "гради",
"ind_sg": "град",
"n": "sg",
"voc_pl": "гради",
"voc_sg": "граду",
"voc_sg2": ""
},
"name": "mk-decl-noun-table-single"
}
],
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "dožd",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дожд"
},
{
"roman": "sneg",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "снег"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hail (balls of ice)"
],
"links": [
[
"hail",
"hail"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡrat]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9296 (mkd)-Bjankuloski06-град.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.wav/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.wav/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "град"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Russian/at",
"Rhymes:Russian/at/1 syllable",
"Russian 1-syllable words",
"Russian doublets",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-a nouns",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian masculine nouns",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Russian terms borrowed from Old Church Slavonic",
"Russian terms derived from Old Church Slavonic",
"Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰreh₃d-",
"Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with redundant head parameter",
"Russian uncountable nouns",
"ru:Ice"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰreh₃d-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "градъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic градъ (gradŭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gradъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gradъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gruodas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gruodas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*grōda-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *grōda-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "grandō"
},
"expansion": "Latin grandō",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "կարկուտ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian կարկուտ (karkut)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ह्रादुनि",
"t": "hail"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ह्रादुनि (hrāduni, “hail”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grind"
},
"expansion": "English grind",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old East Slavic градъ (gradŭ), from Proto-Slavic *gradъ.\nCognate with Lithuanian gruodas (Proto-Balto-Slavic *grōda-), Latin grandō, Old Armenian կարկուտ (karkut), Sanskrit ह्रादुनि (hrāduni, “hail”) and possibly with English grind.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grad",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́да",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дик",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́д",
"roman": "grád",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́да",
"roman": "gráda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ду",
"roman": "grádu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́д",
"roman": "grád",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дом",
"roman": "grádom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́де",
"roman": "gráde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градъ",
"roman": "grad",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"dim": "гра́дик",
"n": "sg"
},
"expansion": "град • (grad) m inan (genitive гра́да, uncountable, diminutive гра́дик)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Russian terms with usage examples",
"ru:Meteorology"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
5,
9
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "It’s hailing.",
"roman": "Grad idjót",
"text": "Град идёт",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hail"
],
"links": [
[
"meteorology",
"meteorology"
],
[
"hail",
"hail"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(meteorology) hail"
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"climatology",
"meteorology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Russian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "hail of bullets",
"roman": "grad pulʹ",
"text": "град пуль",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"deluge, hail, shower (overwhelming flow or barrage of something)"
],
"links": [
[
"deluge",
"deluge"
],
[
"hail",
"hail"
],
[
"shower",
"shower"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) deluge, hail, shower (overwhelming flow or barrage of something)"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡrat]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "град"
}
{
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"Pages with entries",
"Russian 1-syllable words",
"Russian doublets",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-a nouns",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
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"Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
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"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Russian terms borrowed from Old Church Slavonic",
"Russian terms derived from Old Church Slavonic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with redundant head parameter",
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{
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"2": "го́род"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of го́род (górod)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic градъ (gradŭ), which is a reflex of Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ. Doublet of го́род (górod), which was normally inherited by pleophony. Old Church Slavonic word shows liquid metathesis characteristic of South Slavic area.",
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},
{
"form": "гра́да",
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},
{
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},
{
"form": "гра́дов",
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},
{
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{
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{
"form": "hard-stem",
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},
{
"form": "accent-a",
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"tags": [
"class"
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},
{
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"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ды",
"roman": "grády",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́да",
"roman": "gráda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дов",
"roman": "grádov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ду",
"roman": "grádu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дам",
"roman": "grádam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́д",
"roman": "grád",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ды",
"roman": "grády",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дом",
"roman": "grádom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дами",
"roman": "grádami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́де",
"roman": "gráde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дах",
"roman": "grádax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "градъ",
"roman": "grad",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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}
],
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},
{
"roman": "-grad",
"word": "-град"
}
],
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{
"categories": [
"Russian poetic terms",
"Russian terms with archaic senses",
"Russian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
9,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
13
]
],
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"roman": "stolʹnyj grad",
"text": "стольный град",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
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"town"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"Волгоград",
"Волгоград"
],
[
"Калининград",
"Калининград"
],
[
"Ленинград",
"Ленинград"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
"senseid": [
"ru:town"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "regular term",
"word": "го́род"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡrat]"
}
],
"word": "град"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian terms borrowed from Latin",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Latin",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"sh:Buildings",
"sh:Ice",
"sh:Places",
"sh:Polities",
"sh:Units of measure"
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"etymology_number": 1,
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"expansion": "Inherited",
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{
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"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
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{
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{
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{
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"4": "*gʰórdʰos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰórdʰos",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gárdas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰórdʰos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "гра̑д",
"tags": [
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"masculine"
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},
{
"form": "grȃd",
"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
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"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "гра̑д",
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},
{
"form": "гра̏дови",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̑да",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̏до̄ва̄",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̑ду",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "гра̏довима",
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"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̑д",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̏дове",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̑де",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̏дови",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ду",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̏довима",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̑дом",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̏довима",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
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"head": "гра̑д"
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}
],
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"pos": "noun",
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{
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"town",
"town"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"fortress, castle"
],
"links": [
[
"fortress",
"fortress"
],
[
"castle",
"castle"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"downtown, city centre"
],
"links": [
[
"у",
"у#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"downtown",
"downtown"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually after the preposition у) downtown, city centre"
],
"raw_tags": [
"after the preposition у"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡrâːd/"
}
],
"word": "град"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian terms borrowed from Latin",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Latin",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"sh:Buildings",
"sh:Ice",
"sh:Places",
"sh:Polities",
"sh:Units of measure"
],
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"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
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{
"args": {
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"5": "",
"g": "",
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"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gradъ",
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},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gradъ",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*greh₃d-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *greh₃d-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gradъ, from Proto-Indo-European *greh₃d- or *ǵʰreh₃d-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "гра̏д",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "grȁd",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "град",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гради",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "града",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гради",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "граду",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градима",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "град",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "граде",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "граде",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "гради",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "граду",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градима",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градом",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градима",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"head": "гра̏д"
},
"expansion": "гра̏д m (Latin spelling grȁd)",
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}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hail"
],
"links": [
[
"hail",
"hail"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ту̏ча"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡrâd/"
}
],
"word": "град"
}
{
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"Pages with entries",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
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"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian terms borrowed from Latin",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Latin",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"sh:Buildings",
"sh:Ice",
"sh:Places",
"sh:Polities",
"sh:Units of measure"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "la",
"3": "gradus"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin gradus",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin gradus.",
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{
"form": "гра̑д",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "grȃd",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
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"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "гра̑д",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "гради",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "града",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дӣ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́да̄",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "граду",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градима",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "град",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "граде",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "граде",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "гради",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "граду",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градима",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градом",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градима",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"head": "гра̑д"
},
"expansion": "гра̑д m (Latin spelling grȃd)",
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}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"sh:Mathematics"
],
"glosses": [
"gradian"
],
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"gradian",
"gradian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) gradian"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
"degree",
"degree"
],
[
"сте̏пе̄н",
"степен#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"сту̑пањ",
"ступањ#Serbo-Croatian"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡrâːd/"
}
],
"word": "град"
}
{
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{
"args": {
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"2": "zle-muk",
"3": "градъ"
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "orv",
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gradъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gradъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Ukrainian градъ (hrad), from Old East Slavic градъ (gradŭ), from Proto-Slavic *gradъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hrad",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ду",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ди",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дів",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uk-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "град",
"roman": "hrad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ди",
"roman": "hrády",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ду",
"roman": "hrádu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дів",
"roman": "hrádiv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дові",
"roman": "hrádovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ду",
"roman": "hrádu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дам",
"roman": "hrádam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "град",
"roman": "hrad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ди",
"roman": "hrády",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дом",
"roman": "hrádom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дами",
"roman": "hrádamy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ді",
"roman": "hrádi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́дах",
"roman": "hrádax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́де",
"roman": "hráde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ди",
"roman": "hrády",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "град<genu>"
},
"expansion": "град • (hrad) m inan (genitive гра́ду, nominative plural гра́ди, genitive plural гра́дів)",
"name": "uk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "град<genu>"
},
"name": "uk-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ukrainian hard masculine-form accent-a nouns",
"Ukrainian hard masculine-form nouns",
"Ukrainian inanimate nouns",
"Ukrainian lemmas",
"Ukrainian masculine nouns",
"Ukrainian nouns",
"Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Ukrainian terms derived from Middle Ukrainian",
"Ukrainian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms inherited from Middle Ukrainian",
"Ukrainian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ukrainian terms with redundant head parameter",
"uk:Ice",
"uk:Meteorology"
],
"glosses": [
"hail"
],
"links": [
[
"meteorology",
"meteorology"
],
[
"hail",
"hail"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(meteorology) hail"
],
"topics": [
"climatology",
"meteorology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɦrad]"
},
{
"audio": "Uk-град.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a2/Uk-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.ogg/Uk-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Uk-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.ogg"
}
],
"word": "град"
}
Download raw JSONL data for град meaning in All languages combined (45.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (92124b4 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.