See градъ on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "vŭzgraždenije",
"word": "възграждениѥ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gradĭnikŭ",
"word": "градьникъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ograda",
"word": "ограда"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "prigradŭ",
"word": "приградъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "svętŭ gradŭ",
"word": "свѧтъ градъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "vŭzgraditi",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "възградити"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "vŭzgraždati",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "възграждати"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "graditi",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "градити"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zagraditi",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "заградити"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "ograditi",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "оградити"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "zagradĭnŭ",
"word": "заградьнъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gradĭsky",
"word": "градьскꙑ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "град"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: град (grad)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: град (grad)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "град"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: град (grad)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: град (grad)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "градъ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old East Slavic: градъ (gradŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old East Slavic: градъ (gradŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "градъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: градъ (hrad)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: градъ (hrad)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "град",
"qq": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: град (hrad) (obsolete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: град (hrad) (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "град"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: град (hrad)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: град (hrad)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "град",
"qq": "archaic or poetic"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: град (hrad) (archaic or poetic)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: град (hrad) (archaic or poetic)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "град",
"qq": "archaic or poetic"
},
"expansion": "Russian: град (grad) (archaic or poetic)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: град (grad) (archaic or poetic)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ono",
"2": "граде",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Novgorodian: граде (grade)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Novgorodian: граде (grade)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰerdʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gȏrdъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gȏrdъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*gárdas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *gárdas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʰordʰ-os"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰordʰ-os",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "yard"
},
"expansion": "English yard",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gárdas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰordʰ-os, from *gʰerdʰ-. Cognate with English yard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gradŭ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "градьць",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "градьнъ",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "градьскъ",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cu-decl-noun-o-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "градъ",
"roman": "gradŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "града",
"roman": "grada",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "гради",
"roman": "gradi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "града",
"roman": "grada",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градоу",
"roman": "gradu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "градъ",
"roman": "gradŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градоу",
"roman": "gradu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градома",
"roman": "gradoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "градомъ",
"roman": "gradomŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градъ",
"roman": "gradŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "града",
"roman": "grada",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "градꙑ",
"roman": "grady",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градомъ",
"roman": "gradomŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градома",
"roman": "gradoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "градꙑ",
"roman": "grady",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градѣ",
"roman": "gradě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градоу",
"roman": "gradu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "градѣхъ",
"roman": "graděxŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "граде",
"roman": "grade",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "града",
"roman": "grada",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "гради",
"roman": "gradi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "noun",
"3": "diminutive",
"4": "градьць",
"5": "related adjective",
"6": "градьнъ",
"7": "or",
"8": "градьскъ",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "градъ • (gradŭ) m (diminutive градьць, related adjective градьнъ or градьскъ)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"гра‧дъ"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "гра",
"2": "д"
},
"name": "cu-decl-noun-o-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "градъ",
"10": "градома",
"11": "града",
"12": "градома",
"13": "градоу",
"14": "града",
"15": "гради",
"16": "градъ",
"17": "градомъ",
"18": "градꙑ",
"19": "градꙑ",
"2": "града",
"20": "градѣхъ",
"21": "гради",
"3": "градоу",
"4": "градъ",
"5": "градомъ",
"6": "градѣ",
"7": "граде",
"8": "града",
"9": "градоу",
"type": "o-stem"
},
"name": "cu-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Church Slavonic terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(a man) without home",
"roman": "bez grada",
"text": "без града",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "village and town/city",
"roman": "vĭsĭ i gradŭ",
"text": "вьсь и градъ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "икониискъ градъ ― ikoniiskŭ gradŭ ― city of Konya/Iconium",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "исаѵрьскъ градъ ― isavrĭskŭ gradŭ ― city of Isauria",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "константин҄ь градъ ― konstantinʹĭ gradŭ ― city of Constantinople",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ник҄еискъ градъ ― nikʹeiskŭ gradŭ ― city of Nicaea",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Roman town/city",
"roman": "rimĭskŭ gradŭ",
"text": "римьскъ градъ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "abandoned town/city",
"roman": "pustŭ gradŭ",
"text": "поустъ градъ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "imperial seat",
"roman": "cěsarĭ gradŭ",
"text": "цѣсарь градъ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "And Jesus went through all the towns and villages",
"ref": "11th century, Codex Marianus (in Glagolitic), Gospel of Matthew 9:35:",
"roman": "῾I proxoždaše is:ŭ grady vĭsę i vĭsi ·",
"text": "῾Ⰺ ⱂⱃⱁⱈⱁⰶⰴⰰⱎⰵ ⰻⱄ҃ⱏ ⰳⱃⰰⰴⱏⰹ ⰲⱐⱄⱔ ⰻ ⰲⱐⱄⰻ ·",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "he led them by a straight way to an inhabited city",
"ref": "11th century, Psalterium Sinaiticum (in Glagolitic), Book of Psalms 106:7:",
"roman": "navede ję na pǫtŭ pravŭ • vŭniti vŭ gradŭ obitělĭny",
"text": "(please add the Glagolitic text of this quotation)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"town, city (settlement)"
],
"id": "en-градъ-cu-noun-VYFx7XPx",
"links": [
[
"town",
"town"
],
[
"city",
"city"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "остоꙗниѥ"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 14 40 2 38",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cu",
"name": "Ice",
"orig": "cu:Ice",
"parents": [
"Water",
"Liquids",
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then the whole town went out to meet Jesus",
"ref": "11th century, Codex Marianus (in Glagolitic), Gospel of Matthew 8:34:",
"roman": "i se vesĭ gradŭ izidǫ protivǫ is:vi",
"text": "ⰺ ⱄⰵ ⰲⰵⱄⱐ ⰳⱃⰰⰴⱏ ⰻⰸⰻⰴⱘ ⱂⱃⱁⱅⰻⰲⱘ ⰻⱄ҃ⰲⰻ ·",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"town, city (people living in town, city)"
],
"id": "en-градъ-cu-noun-dNaV9Tlm",
"links": [
[
"town",
"town"
],
[
"city",
"city"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 22 59 3 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Church Slavonic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 23 62 3 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Church Slavonic singularia tantum",
"parents": [
"Singularia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 24 60 3 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 23 66 2 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 14 40 2 38",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cu",
"name": "Ice",
"orig": "cu:Ice",
"parents": [
"Water",
"Liquids",
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 24 51 2 4",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "cu",
"name": "Cities",
"orig": "cu:Cities",
"parents": [
"Polities",
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 20 62 5 9",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "cu",
"name": "Places",
"orig": "cu:Places",
"parents": [
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 27 48 3 5",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "cu",
"name": "Towns",
"orig": "cu:Towns",
"parents": [
"Polities",
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "that Saturninus had a village outside of the city walls",
"ref": "11th century, Retko, Codex Suprasliensis (in Old Cyrillic), page 204, line 9:",
"roman": "satorninŭ že iměaše selo vĭně grada",
"text": "саторнинъ же имѣаше село вьнѣ града",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"city walls"
],
"id": "en-градъ-cu-noun--iaKCws5",
"links": [
[
"city wall",
"city wall"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Didn’t I see you in the garden?",
"ref": "11th century, Sava's book (in Old Cyrillic), Gospel of John 18:26:",
"roman": "ne azŭ li tę viděxŭ vŭ gradě",
"text": "не азъ ли тѧ видѣхъ въ градѣ",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "that in the garden there will be no figs or any trees because of the great heat and dryness",
"ref": "11th century, Retko, Codex Suprasliensis (in Old Cyrillic), page 301, line 11:",
"roman": "jakože vŭ gradě ni smoky bǫdetŭ· ni dǫbŭ nikakŭže mnogyę radi toploty i suxoty·",
"text": "ꙗкоже въ градѣ ни смокꙑ бѫдетъ· ни дѫбъ никакъже многꙑѧ ради топлотꙑ и соухотꙑ·",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"garden, park (outdoor area containing one or more types of plants)"
],
"id": "en-градъ-cu-noun-xotD3C6u",
"links": [
[
"garden",
"garden"
],
[
"park",
"park"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "врьтъ"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrɑdʊ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gradŭ",
"tags": [
"Glagolitic"
],
"word": "ⰳⱃⰰⰴⱏ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cu:градъ"
],
"word": "градъ"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "град"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: град (grad)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: град (grad)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "град"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: град (grad)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: град (grad)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gràdъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gràdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gràdъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gràdъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰreh₃d-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰreh₃d-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "grandō"
},
"expansion": "Latin grandō",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "grúodas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian grúodas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "կարկուտ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian կարկուտ (karkut)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gràdъ, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰreh₃d-. Cognate with Latin grandō, Lithuanian grúodas and Old Armenian կարկուտ (karkut).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gradŭ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cu-decl-noun-o-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "градъ",
"roman": "gradŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "града",
"roman": "grada",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градоу",
"roman": "gradu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градъ",
"roman": "gradŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градомъ",
"roman": "gradomŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градѣ",
"roman": "gradě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "граде",
"roman": "grade",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "градъ • (gradŭ) m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "градъ • (gradŭ) m",
"name": "cu-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"гра‧дъ"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "гра",
"2": "д",
"n": "sg"
},
"name": "cu-decl-noun-o-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "градъ",
"10": "-",
"11": "-",
"12": "-",
"13": "-",
"14": "-",
"15": "-",
"16": "-",
"17": "-",
"18": "-",
"19": "-",
"2": "града",
"20": "-",
"21": "-",
"3": "градоу",
"4": "градъ",
"5": "градомъ",
"6": "градѣ",
"7": "граде",
"8": "-",
"9": "-",
"type": "o-stem"
},
"name": "cu-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cu",
"name": "Meteorology",
"orig": "cu:Meteorology",
"parents": [
"Atmosphere",
"Earth sciences",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 13 5 74",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cu",
"name": "Atmospheric phenomena",
"orig": "cu:Atmospheric phenomena",
"parents": [
"Atmosphere",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 14 40 2 38",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cu",
"name": "Ice",
"orig": "cu:Ice",
"parents": [
"Water",
"Liquids",
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 100",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cu",
"name": "Weather",
"orig": "cu:Weather",
"parents": [
"Atmosphere",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "he destroyed their vineyards with hail",
"ref": "11th century, Psalterium Sinaiticum (in Glagolitic), Book of Psalms 77:47:",
"roman": "izbi gradomĭ vina ixŭ",
"text": "(please add the Glagolitic text of this quotation)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hail (balls or pieces of ice falling as precipitation)"
],
"id": "en-градъ-cu-noun-A4qkOOD1",
"links": [
[
"meteorology",
"meteorology"
],
[
"hail",
"hail"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(meteorology) hail (balls or pieces of ice falling as precipitation)"
],
"topics": [
"climatology",
"meteorology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrɑdʊ/"
}
],
"word": "градъ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Church Slavonic entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Church Slavonic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Old Church Slavonic hard o-stem nouns",
"Old Church Slavonic lemmas",
"Old Church Slavonic masculine nouns",
"Old Church Slavonic nouns",
"Old Church Slavonic singularia tantum",
"Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Church Slavonic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰerdʰ-",
"Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"cu:Atmospheric phenomena",
"cu:Cities",
"cu:Ice",
"cu:Places",
"cu:Towns",
"cu:Weather"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "vŭzgraždenije",
"word": "възграждениѥ"
},
{
"roman": "gradĭnikŭ",
"word": "градьникъ"
},
{
"roman": "ograda",
"word": "ограда"
},
{
"roman": "prigradŭ",
"word": "приградъ"
},
{
"roman": "svętŭ gradŭ",
"word": "свѧтъ градъ"
},
{
"roman": "vŭzgraditi",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "възградити"
},
{
"roman": "vŭzgraždati",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "възграждати"
},
{
"roman": "graditi",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "градити"
},
{
"roman": "zagraditi",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "заградити"
},
{
"roman": "ograditi",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "оградити"
},
{
"roman": "zagradĭnŭ",
"word": "заградьнъ"
},
{
"roman": "gradĭsky",
"word": "градьскꙑ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "град"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: град (grad)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: град (grad)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "град"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: град (grad)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: град (grad)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "градъ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old East Slavic: градъ (gradŭ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old East Slavic: градъ (gradŭ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "градъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: градъ (hrad)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: градъ (hrad)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "град",
"qq": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: град (hrad) (obsolete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: град (hrad) (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rue",
"2": "град"
},
"expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: град (hrad)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Carpathian Rusyn: град (hrad)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "град",
"qq": "archaic or poetic"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: град (hrad) (archaic or poetic)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: град (hrad) (archaic or poetic)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "град",
"qq": "archaic or poetic"
},
"expansion": "Russian: град (grad) (archaic or poetic)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: град (grad) (archaic or poetic)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ono",
"2": "граде",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Novgorodian: граде (grade)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Novgorodian: граде (grade)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰerdʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gȏrdъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gȏrdъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*gárdas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *gárdas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʰordʰ-os"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰordʰ-os",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "yard"
},
"expansion": "English yard",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gárdas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰordʰ-os, from *gʰerdʰ-. Cognate with English yard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gradŭ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "градьць",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "градьнъ",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "градьскъ",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cu-decl-noun-o-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "градъ",
"roman": "gradŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "града",
"roman": "grada",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "гради",
"roman": "gradi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "града",
"roman": "grada",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градоу",
"roman": "gradu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "градъ",
"roman": "gradŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градоу",
"roman": "gradu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градома",
"roman": "gradoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "градомъ",
"roman": "gradomŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градъ",
"roman": "gradŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "града",
"roman": "grada",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "градꙑ",
"roman": "grady",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градомъ",
"roman": "gradomŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градома",
"roman": "gradoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "градꙑ",
"roman": "grady",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градѣ",
"roman": "gradě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "градоу",
"roman": "gradu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "градѣхъ",
"roman": "graděxŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "граде",
"roman": "grade",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "града",
"roman": "grada",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "гради",
"roman": "gradi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "noun",
"3": "diminutive",
"4": "градьць",
"5": "related adjective",
"6": "градьнъ",
"7": "or",
"8": "градьскъ",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "градъ • (gradŭ) m (diminutive градьць, related adjective градьнъ or градьскъ)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"гра‧дъ"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "гра",
"2": "д"
},
"name": "cu-decl-noun-o-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "градъ",
"10": "градома",
"11": "града",
"12": "градома",
"13": "градоу",
"14": "града",
"15": "гради",
"16": "градъ",
"17": "градомъ",
"18": "градꙑ",
"19": "градꙑ",
"2": "града",
"20": "градѣхъ",
"21": "гради",
"3": "градоу",
"4": "градъ",
"5": "градомъ",
"6": "градѣ",
"7": "граде",
"8": "града",
"9": "градоу",
"type": "o-stem"
},
"name": "cu-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Church Slavonic terms with collocations",
"Old Church Slavonic terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(a man) without home",
"roman": "bez grada",
"text": "без града",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "village and town/city",
"roman": "vĭsĭ i gradŭ",
"text": "вьсь и градъ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "икониискъ градъ ― ikoniiskŭ gradŭ ― city of Konya/Iconium",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "исаѵрьскъ градъ ― isavrĭskŭ gradŭ ― city of Isauria",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "константин҄ь градъ ― konstantinʹĭ gradŭ ― city of Constantinople",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ник҄еискъ градъ ― nikʹeiskŭ gradŭ ― city of Nicaea",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Roman town/city",
"roman": "rimĭskŭ gradŭ",
"text": "римьскъ градъ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "abandoned town/city",
"roman": "pustŭ gradŭ",
"text": "поустъ градъ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "imperial seat",
"roman": "cěsarĭ gradŭ",
"text": "цѣсарь градъ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "And Jesus went through all the towns and villages",
"ref": "11th century, Codex Marianus (in Glagolitic), Gospel of Matthew 9:35:",
"roman": "῾I proxoždaše is:ŭ grady vĭsę i vĭsi ·",
"text": "῾Ⰺ ⱂⱃⱁⱈⱁⰶⰴⰰⱎⰵ ⰻⱄ҃ⱏ ⰳⱃⰰⰴⱏⰹ ⰲⱐⱄⱔ ⰻ ⰲⱐⱄⰻ ·",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "he led them by a straight way to an inhabited city",
"ref": "11th century, Psalterium Sinaiticum (in Glagolitic), Book of Psalms 106:7:",
"roman": "navede ję na pǫtŭ pravŭ • vŭniti vŭ gradŭ obitělĭny",
"text": "(please add the Glagolitic text of this quotation)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"town, city (settlement)"
],
"links": [
[
"town",
"town"
],
[
"city",
"city"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "остоꙗниѥ"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Church Slavonic terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then the whole town went out to meet Jesus",
"ref": "11th century, Codex Marianus (in Glagolitic), Gospel of Matthew 8:34:",
"roman": "i se vesĭ gradŭ izidǫ protivǫ is:vi",
"text": "ⰺ ⱄⰵ ⰲⰵⱄⱐ ⰳⱃⰰⰴⱏ ⰻⰸⰻⰴⱘ ⱂⱃⱁⱅⰻⰲⱘ ⰻⱄ҃ⰲⰻ ·",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"town, city (people living in town, city)"
],
"links": [
[
"town",
"town"
],
[
"city",
"city"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Church Slavonic terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "that Saturninus had a village outside of the city walls",
"ref": "11th century, Retko, Codex Suprasliensis (in Old Cyrillic), page 204, line 9:",
"roman": "satorninŭ že iměaše selo vĭně grada",
"text": "саторнинъ же имѣаше село вьнѣ града",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"city walls"
],
"links": [
[
"city wall",
"city wall"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Church Slavonic terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Didn’t I see you in the garden?",
"ref": "11th century, Sava's book (in Old Cyrillic), Gospel of John 18:26:",
"roman": "ne azŭ li tę viděxŭ vŭ gradě",
"text": "не азъ ли тѧ видѣхъ въ градѣ",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "that in the garden there will be no figs or any trees because of the great heat and dryness",
"ref": "11th century, Retko, Codex Suprasliensis (in Old Cyrillic), page 301, line 11:",
"roman": "jakože vŭ gradě ni smoky bǫdetŭ· ni dǫbŭ nikakŭže mnogyę radi toploty i suxoty·",
"text": "ꙗкоже въ градѣ ни смокꙑ бѫдетъ· ни дѫбъ никакъже многꙑѧ ради топлотꙑ и соухотꙑ·",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"garden, park (outdoor area containing one or more types of plants)"
],
"links": [
[
"garden",
"garden"
],
[
"park",
"park"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "врьтъ"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrɑdʊ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "gradŭ",
"tags": [
"Glagolitic"
],
"word": "ⰳⱃⰰⰴⱏ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cu:градъ"
],
"word": "градъ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Church Slavonic entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Church Slavonic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Old Church Slavonic hard o-stem nouns",
"Old Church Slavonic lemmas",
"Old Church Slavonic masculine nouns",
"Old Church Slavonic nouns",
"Old Church Slavonic singularia tantum",
"Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"cu:Atmospheric phenomena",
"cu:Cities",
"cu:Ice",
"cu:Places",
"cu:Towns",
"cu:Weather"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "град"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: град (grad)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: град (grad)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "град"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: град (grad)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: град (grad)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gràdъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gràdъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*gràdъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gràdъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰreh₃d-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰreh₃d-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "grandō"
},
"expansion": "Latin grandō",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "grúodas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian grúodas",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "կարկուտ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian կարկուտ (karkut)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gràdъ, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰreh₃d-. Cognate with Latin grandō, Lithuanian grúodas and Old Armenian կարկուտ (karkut).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gradŭ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cu-decl-noun-o-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "градъ",
"roman": "gradŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "града",
"roman": "grada",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градоу",
"roman": "gradu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градъ",
"roman": "gradŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градомъ",
"roman": "gradomŭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "градѣ",
"roman": "gradě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "граде",
"roman": "grade",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "градъ • (gradŭ) m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "градъ • (gradŭ) m",
"name": "cu-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"гра‧дъ"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "гра",
"2": "д",
"n": "sg"
},
"name": "cu-decl-noun-o-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "градъ",
"10": "-",
"11": "-",
"12": "-",
"13": "-",
"14": "-",
"15": "-",
"16": "-",
"17": "-",
"18": "-",
"19": "-",
"2": "града",
"20": "-",
"21": "-",
"3": "градоу",
"4": "градъ",
"5": "градомъ",
"6": "градѣ",
"7": "граде",
"8": "-",
"9": "-",
"type": "o-stem"
},
"name": "cu-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Church Slavonic terms with quotations",
"cu:Meteorology"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "he destroyed their vineyards with hail",
"ref": "11th century, Psalterium Sinaiticum (in Glagolitic), Book of Psalms 77:47:",
"roman": "izbi gradomĭ vina ixŭ",
"text": "(please add the Glagolitic text of this quotation)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hail (balls or pieces of ice falling as precipitation)"
],
"links": [
[
"meteorology",
"meteorology"
],
[
"hail",
"hail"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(meteorology) hail (balls or pieces of ice falling as precipitation)"
],
"topics": [
"climatology",
"meteorology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrɑdʊ/"
}
],
"word": "градъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for градъ meaning in All languages combined (17.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (e4a2c88 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.