See 鍛鍊 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSONL data for 鍛鍊 meaning in 漢語 (8.6kB)
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "吳語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "吳語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "官話動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "官話詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "客家語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "客家語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有國際音標的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有輕聲異讀的官話詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有音頻鏈接的官話詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "東干語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "東干語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "泉漳話動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "泉漳話詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語水平考試甲級詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "潮州話動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "潮州話詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "粵語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "粵語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "閩東語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "閩東語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "たんれん",
"sense": "\n",
"word": "→ 日語:鍛錬"
},
{
"roman": "鍛鍊",
"sense": "\n",
"word": "→ 朝鮮語: 단련"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "锻炼",
"tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛煉",
"tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
]
}
],
"lang": "漢語",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"將金屬塊反覆在火中燒煉、捶打及冷卻的步驟，來去除雜質。"
],
"id": "zh-鍛鍊-zh-verb-SN8MoUHy",
"raw_tags": [
"字面意思"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有使用例的官話詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"roman": "duànliàn shēntǐ",
"tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"text": "鍛鍊身體"
},
{
"roman": "duànliàn shēntǐ",
"tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"text": "锻炼身体"
}
],
"glosses": [
"不斷地實踐而使素質提高；錘鍊（身體、精神等）"
],
"id": "zh-鍛鍊-zh-verb-eTDDELNn"
},
{
"glosses": [
"使變健壯、堅強"
],
"id": "zh-鍛鍊-zh-verb-STCzMMsp"
},
{
"glosses": [
"不斷琢磨、推敲詩文"
],
"id": "zh-鍛鍊-zh-verb-V2X7zU06"
},
{
"glosses": [
"栽贓、嫁禍"
],
"id": "zh-鍛鍊-zh-verb-e43J12iG",
"tags": [
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "duànliàn"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"注音"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄉㄨㄢˋ ㄌㄧㄢˋ"
},
{
"audio": "zh-duànliàn.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/00/Zh-duànliàn.ogg/Zh-duànliàn.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/zh-duànliàn.ogg"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"東干語，西里爾字母和維基詞典轉寫"
],
"zh_pron": "дуанлян (duanli͡an, III-III)"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"粵拼"
],
"zh_pron": "dyun³ lin⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"客家語",
"四縣，白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "thon-lien"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩東語",
"平話字"
],
"zh_pron": "duáng-liêng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話，白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "toàn-liān / thoàn-liān"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"潮州話，潮州話拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "duêng³ liêng⁷ / duang³ liang⁷"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"上海，吳語學堂拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "⁵toe-li"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "duànliàn → duànlian （輕尾聲異讀）"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"注音"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄉㄨㄢˋ ㄌㄧㄢˋ → ㄉㄨㄢˋ ˙ㄌㄧㄢ"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"通用拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "duànliån"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"威妥瑪拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "tuan⁴-lien⁵"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"耶魯官話拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "dwàn-lyan"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"國語羅馬字"
],
"zh_pron": "duann.liann"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"西里爾字母轉寫"
],
"zh_pron": "дуаньлянь (duanʹljanʹ)"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ li̯ɛn⁵¹/ → /tu̯än⁵¹ li̯ɛn¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"漢語國際音標"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"東干語",
"西里爾字母，維基詞典"
],
"zh_pron": "дуанлян (duanli͡an, III-III)"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuæ̃⁴⁴ liæ̃⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"東干語",
"國際音標"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"粵拼"
],
"zh_pron": "dyun³ lin⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"耶魯粵拼"
],
"zh_pron": "dyun lihn"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"廣州話拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "dyn³ lin⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"廣東拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "dün³ lin⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/tyːn³³ liːn²²/",
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"國際音標"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"客家語",
"四縣話，包括苗栗和美濃",
"白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "thon-lien"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"客家語",
"四縣話，包括苗栗和美濃",
"客家語拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "ton lien"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"客家語",
"四縣話，包括苗栗和美濃",
"客家話拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "ton⁴ lian⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰon⁵⁵ li̯en⁵⁵/",
"raw_tags": [
"客家語",
"四縣話，包括苗栗和美濃",
"國際音標"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩東語",
"福州話",
"平話字"
],
"zh_pron": "duáng-liêng"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuaŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ˡ⁻⁾nˡiɛŋ²⁴²/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩東語",
"福州話",
"國際音標"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州、臺灣話（常用）",
"白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "toàn-liān"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州、臺灣話（常用）",
"臺羅"
],
"zh_pron": "tuàn-liān"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州、臺灣話（常用）",
"普實台文"
],
"zh_pron": "doarnlien"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuan²¹⁻⁴¹ liɛn³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州、臺灣話（常用）",
"國際音標 (高雄"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tuan¹¹⁻⁵³ liɛn³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州、臺灣話（常用）",
"國際音標 (臺北"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tuan⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liɛn⁴¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州、臺灣話（常用）",
"國際音標 (泉州"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tuan²¹⁻⁵³ liɛn²²/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州、臺灣話（常用）",
"國際音標 (廈門, 漳州"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（異讀）",
"白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "thoàn-liān"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（異讀）",
"臺羅"
],
"zh_pron": "thuàn-liān"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（異讀）",
"普實台文"
],
"zh_pron": "toarnlien"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰuan²¹⁻⁴¹ liɛn³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（異讀）",
"國際音標 (高雄"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰuan¹¹⁻⁵³ liɛn³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（異讀）",
"國際音標 (臺北"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"潮州話",
"潮州話拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "duêng³ liêng⁷ / duang³ liang⁷"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"潮州話",
"模仿白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "tuèng liēng / tuàng liāng"
},
{
"ipa": "/tueŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ lieŋ¹¹/, /tuaŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ liaŋ¹¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"潮州話",
"國際音標"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"太湖片：上海",
"吳語學堂拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "⁵toe-li"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"太湖片：上海",
"吳音小字典"
],
"zh_pron": "toe^去 li"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"太湖片：上海",
"維基詞典羅馬化 (上海話"
],
"zh_pron": "²toe-li"
},
{
"ipa": "/tø³³ li⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"太湖片：上海",
"國際音標 (上海"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"language_variant": "zh-Hant",
"roman": "huódòng",
"sense": "錘鍊身體",
"word": "活動"
},
{
"language_variant": "zh-Hans",
"roman": "huódòng",
"sense": "錘鍊身體",
"word": "活动"
}
],
"word": "鍛鍊"
}
{
"categories": [
"吳語動詞",
"吳語詞元",
"官話動詞",
"官話詞元",
"客家語動詞",
"客家語詞元",
"有國際音標的漢語詞",
"有輕聲異讀的官話詞",
"有音頻鏈接的官話詞",
"東干語動詞",
"東干語詞元",
"泉漳話動詞",
"泉漳話詞元",
"漢語動詞",
"漢語水平考試甲級詞",
"漢語詞元",
"潮州話動詞",
"潮州話詞元",
"粵語動詞",
"粵語詞元",
"閩東語動詞",
"閩東語詞元"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "たんれん",
"sense": "\n",
"word": "→ 日語:鍛錬"
},
{
"roman": "鍛鍊",
"sense": "\n",
"word": "→ 朝鮮語: 단련"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "锻炼",
"tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "鍛煉",
"tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
]
}
],
"lang": "漢語",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"將金屬塊反覆在火中燒煉、捶打及冷卻的步驟，來去除雜質。"
],
"raw_tags": [
"字面意思"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"有使用例的官話詞"
],
"examples": [
{
"roman": "duànliàn shēntǐ",
"tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"text": "鍛鍊身體"
},
{
"roman": "duànliàn shēntǐ",
"tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"text": "锻炼身体"
}
],
"glosses": [
"不斷地實踐而使素質提高；錘鍊（身體、精神等）"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"使變健壯、堅強"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"不斷琢磨、推敲詩文"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"栽贓、嫁禍"
],
"tags": [
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "duànliàn"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"注音"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄉㄨㄢˋ ㄌㄧㄢˋ"
},
{
"audio": "zh-duànliàn.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/00/Zh-duànliàn.ogg/Zh-duànliàn.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/zh-duànliàn.ogg"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"東干語，西里爾字母和維基詞典轉寫"
],
"zh_pron": "дуанлян (duanli͡an, III-III)"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"粵拼"
],
"zh_pron": "dyun³ lin⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"客家語",
"四縣，白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "thon-lien"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩東語",
"平話字"
],
"zh_pron": "duáng-liêng"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話，白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "toàn-liān / thoàn-liān"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"潮州話，潮州話拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "duêng³ liêng⁷ / duang³ liang⁷"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"上海，吳語學堂拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "⁵toe-li"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "duànliàn → duànlian （輕尾聲異讀）"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"注音"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄉㄨㄢˋ ㄌㄧㄢˋ → ㄉㄨㄢˋ ˙ㄌㄧㄢ"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"通用拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "duànliån"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"威妥瑪拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "tuan⁴-lien⁵"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"耶魯官話拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "dwàn-lyan"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"國語羅馬字"
],
"zh_pron": "duann.liann"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"西里爾字母轉寫"
],
"zh_pron": "дуаньлянь (duanʹljanʹ)"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ li̯ɛn⁵¹/ → /tu̯än⁵¹ li̯ɛn¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"現代標準漢語",
"漢語國際音標"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"東干語",
"西里爾字母，維基詞典"
],
"zh_pron": "дуанлян (duanli͡an, III-III)"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuæ̃⁴⁴ liæ̃⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"官話",
"東干語",
"國際音標"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"粵拼"
],
"zh_pron": "dyun³ lin⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"耶魯粵拼"
],
"zh_pron": "dyun lihn"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"廣州話拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "dyn³ lin⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"廣東拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "dün³ lin⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/tyːn³³ liːn²²/",
"raw_tags": [
"粵語",
"標準粵語，廣州–香港話",
"國際音標"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"客家語",
"四縣話，包括苗栗和美濃",
"白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "thon-lien"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"客家語",
"四縣話，包括苗栗和美濃",
"客家語拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "ton lien"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"客家語",
"四縣話，包括苗栗和美濃",
"客家話拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "ton⁴ lian⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰon⁵⁵ li̯en⁵⁵/",
"raw_tags": [
"客家語",
"四縣話，包括苗栗和美濃",
"國際音標"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩東語",
"福州話",
"平話字"
],
"zh_pron": "duáng-liêng"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuaŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ˡ⁻⁾nˡiɛŋ²⁴²/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩東語",
"福州話",
"國際音標"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州、臺灣話（常用）",
"白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "toàn-liān"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州、臺灣話（常用）",
"臺羅"
],
"zh_pron": "tuàn-liān"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州、臺灣話（常用）",
"普實台文"
],
"zh_pron": "doarnlien"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuan²¹⁻⁴¹ liɛn³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州、臺灣話（常用）",
"國際音標 (高雄"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tuan¹¹⁻⁵³ liɛn³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州、臺灣話（常用）",
"國際音標 (臺北"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tuan⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liɛn⁴¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州、臺灣話（常用）",
"國際音標 (泉州"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tuan²¹⁻⁵³ liɛn²²/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：廈門、泉州、漳州、臺灣話（常用）",
"國際音標 (廈門, 漳州"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（異讀）",
"白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "thoàn-liān"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（異讀）",
"臺羅"
],
"zh_pron": "thuàn-liān"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（異讀）",
"普實台文"
],
"zh_pron": "toarnlien"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰuan²¹⁻⁴¹ liɛn³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（異讀）",
"國際音標 (高雄"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰuan¹¹⁻⁵³ liɛn³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"泉漳話：臺灣話（異讀）",
"國際音標 (臺北"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"潮州話",
"潮州話拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "duêng³ liêng⁷ / duang³ liang⁷"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"潮州話",
"模仿白話字"
],
"zh_pron": "tuèng liēng / tuàng liāng"
},
{
"ipa": "/tueŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ lieŋ¹¹/, /tuaŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ liaŋ¹¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"閩南語",
"潮州話",
"國際音標"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"太湖片：上海",
"吳語學堂拼音"
],
"zh_pron": "⁵toe-li"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"太湖片：上海",
"吳音小字典"
],
"zh_pron": "toe^去 li"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"太湖片：上海",
"維基詞典羅馬化 (上海話"
],
"zh_pron": "²toe-li"
},
{
"ipa": "/tø³³ li⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"吳語",
"太湖片：上海",
"國際音標 (上海"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"language_variant": "zh-Hant",
"roman": "huódòng",
"sense": "錘鍊身體",
"word": "活動"
},
{
"language_variant": "zh-Hans",
"roman": "huódòng",
"sense": "錘鍊身體",
"word": "活动"
}
],
"word": "鍛鍊"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
"path": [
"鍛鍊"
],
"section": "漢語",
"subsection": "發音",
"title": "鍛鍊",
"trace": "started on line 69, detected on line 75"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 漢語 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-07-04 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2024-07-01 using wiktextract (c690d5d and b5d1315). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.