"duch" meaning in język polski

See duch in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: dux, duχ [Slavic-alphabet] Audio: Pl-duch.ogg , LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-duch.wav
Forms: ducha [genitive, singular], duchowi [dative, singular], ducha [accusative, singular], duchem [instrumental, singular], duchu [locative, singular], duchu [vocative, singular], duchy [nominative, plural], duchów [genitive, plural], duchom [dative, plural], duchy [accusative, plural], duchami [instrumental, plural], duchach [locative, plural], duchy [vocative, plural], ducha [genitive, singular], duchowi [dative, singular], ducha [accusative, singular], duchem [instrumental, singular], duchu [locative, singular], duchu [vocative, singular]
  1. niematerialna postać, często obdarzona nienaturalną siłą lub zdolnościami
    Sense id: pl-duch-pl-noun-8MsFPbSp
  2. dusza ludzka
    Sense id: pl-duch-pl-noun-74ybloIJ
  3. zapał, entuzjazm
    Sense id: pl-duch-pl-noun-zp7yHgqg
  4. umysł, myśli ludzkie
    Sense id: pl-duch-pl-noun-rZ9lhCmV
  5. temperament, usposobienie
    Sense id: pl-duch-pl-noun-J6olQHLq
  6. istota, treść, charakter czegoś
    Sense id: pl-duch-pl-noun-ykYnwvPN
  7. odwaga Tags: Old-Polish
    Sense id: pl-duch-pl-noun-X~GqqCnl
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: dusza Meronyms: zjawa, widmo, upiór, zmora, fantom Translations: phantom (angielski), ghost (angielski), apparition (angielski), soul (angielski), spirit (angielski), mind (angielski), spirit (angielski), خلد (arabski), شبح (arabski), نفس [masculine] (arabski), نفس (arabski), روح (arabski), mamu (baskijski), arima (baskijski), призрак (bułgarski), фантом (bułgarski), душа (bułgarski), дух (bułgarski), 精神 (línghún) [Simplified, Traditional] (chiński standardowy), 精神 (jīngshén) [Simplified, Traditional] (chiński standardowy), duh (chorwacki), duša (chorwacki), duh (chorwacki), přízrak (czeski), duše (czeski), duch (czeski), duše (czeski), duch [masculine] (dolnołużycki), duch [masculine] (dolnołużycki), spøgelse [neuter] (duński), gejst [common] (duński), gejst [common] (duński), ånd [common] (duński), ånd [common] (duński), fantomo (esperanto), animo (esperanto), spirito (esperanto), spirito (esperanto), spirito (esperanto), spirito (esperanto), sielu (fiński), henki (fiński), fantôme [masculine] (francuski), âme [feminine] (francuski), esprit [masculine] (francuski), anersaaq (grenlandzki), tarnik (grenlandzki), ʻuhane (hawajski), ʻula (hawajski), makani (hawajski), ʻuhane (hawajski), fantasma (hiszpański), alma (hiszpański), espíritu (hiszpański), apparition (interlingua), andi [masculine] (islandzki), draugur [masculine] (islandzki), sál [feminine] (islandzki), andi [masculine] (islandzki), sál [feminine] (islandzki), andi [masculine] (islandzki), 幽霊 (japoński), ゆうれい (japoński), 精神 (japoński), せいしん (japoński), 魂 (japoński), たましい (japoński), 霊 (japoński), れい (japoński), 精神 (japoński), せいしん (japoński), 心 (japoński), こころ (japoński), 魂 (japoński), たましい (japoński), גײַסט (gajst) [masculine] (jidysz), רוח (ruech) [masculine] (jidysz), שד (szed) [masculine] (jidysz), מת (mes) [masculine, neuter] (jidysz), מוט (mut) [masculine] (jidysz), מוט (mut) [masculine] (jidysz), מוט (mut) [masculine] (jidysz), dëch (kaszubski), dësza (kaszubski), dëch (kaszubski), fantasma (kataloński), ànima (kataloński), esperit (kataloński), kǟm (liwski), kǟmõz (liwski), geest (niderlandzki), geest (niderlandzki), Phantom [neuter] (niemiecki), Geist [masculine] (niemiecki), Geist [masculine] (niemiecki), Gemüt [neuter] (niemiecki), Seele [feminine] (niemiecki), Geist [masculine] (niemiecki), Geist [masculine] (niemiecki), Gespenst [masculine] (niemiecki), spøkelse [neuter] (norweski (bokmål)), sjel [masculine, feminine] (norweski (bokmål)), sjel [masculine, feminine] (norweski (bokmål)), spøkjelse [neuter] (norweski (nynorsk)), spøkelse [neuter] (norweski (nynorsk)), πνεύμα [neuter] (nowogrecki), πνεύμα [neuter] (nowogrecki), πνεύμα [neuter] (nowogrecki), πνεύμα [neuter] (nowogrecki), πνεύμα [neuter] (nowogrecki), πνεύμα [neuter] (nowogrecki), fantasma (portugalski), aparição (portugalski), alma (portugalski), espírito (portugalski), alma (portugalski), espírito (portugalski), фантом [masculine] (rosyjski), привидение [neuter] (rosyjski), призрак [masculine] (rosyjski), душа [feminine] (rosyjski), дух [masculine] (rosyjski), duh [neuter] (rumuński), duh [neuter] (rumuński), परेत (sanskryt), gāst [masculine] (staroangielski), gāst [masculine] (staroangielski), spöke (szwedzki), själ (szwedzki), själ (szwedzki), anda [common] (szwedzki), fantóm (słowacki), duch (słowacki), duša (słowacki), duch (słowacki), agāga (tuvalu), feao (tuvalu), agāga (tuvalu), feao (tuvalu), дух [masculine] (ukraiński), gȧjst [masculine] (wilamowski), gȧjst [masculine] (wilamowski), gȧjst [masculine] (wilamowski), lélek (węgierski), fantasma (włoski), anima (włoski), spirito (włoski), spiritus [masculine] (łaciński)
Categories (other): Polski (indeks) Related terms: zobaczyć ducha, Duch Święty, wyzionąć ducha, duch walki, tracić, nabierać ducha, stan ducha, duchak [noun, masculine], duchacz [masculine], dusznik [masculine], Dusiołek [masculine], duszyca [feminine], dusza [feminine], duchowny [masculine], duchowość [feminine], duchowieństwo [neuter], duchota [feminine], duchowy [adjective], uduchowiony, duchowny, duchacki, duszny, duchowo [adverb]

Inflected forms

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1.2,4",
      "word": "ciało"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Polski (indeks)",
      "orig": "polski (indeks)",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_texts": [
    "prasł. *duxъ < praindoeur. *dʰou̯so- → podmuch, powiew wiatru, tchnienie, od praindoeur. *dʰeu̯s- → prószyć, wiać, parować"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ducha",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchowi",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ducha",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchem",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchu",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchu",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "vocative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchy",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchów",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchom",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchy",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchami",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchach",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchy",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "vocative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ducha",
      "sense_index": "1.3-7",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchowi",
      "sense_index": "1.3-7",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ducha",
      "sense_index": "1.3-7",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchem",
      "sense_index": "1.3-7",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchu",
      "sense_index": "1.3-7",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchu",
      "sense_index": "1.3-7",
      "tags": [
        "vocative",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "język polski",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "meronyms": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "zjawa"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "widmo"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "upiór"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "zmora"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "fantom"
    }
  ],
  "pos": "noun",
  "pos_text": "rzeczownik",
  "proverbs": [
    {
      "word": "Bogu ducha winien"
    },
    {
      "word": "być nieobecnym duchem"
    },
    {
      "word": "co duch"
    },
    {
      "word": "duch bojowy"
    },
    {
      "word": "duch czasu"
    },
    {
      "word": "iść z duchem czasu"
    },
    {
      "word": "podnieść na duchu"
    },
    {
      "word": "podnosić na duchu"
    },
    {
      "word": "tchnąć ducha (w coś)"
    },
    {
      "word": "tracić ducha"
    },
    {
      "word": "upadać na duchu"
    },
    {
      "word": "upaść na duchu"
    },
    {
      "word": "wyzionąć ducha"
    },
    {
      "word": "oddać ducha"
    },
    {
      "word": "oddać ducha Bogu"
    },
    {
      "word": "w głębi ducha"
    },
    {
      "word": "w skrytości ducha"
    },
    {
      "word": "złamać ducha"
    },
    {
      "word": "żywy duch"
    }
  ],
  "related": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "zobaczyć ducha"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "Duch Święty"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "wyzionąć ducha"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "word": "duch walki"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "word": "tracić"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "word": "nabierać ducha"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.5",
      "word": "stan ducha"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "noun",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "duchak"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "duchacz"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "dusznik"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Dusiołek"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "duszyca"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "dusza"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "duchowny"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "duchowość"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "duchowieństwo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "duchota"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "duchowy"
    },
    {
      "word": "uduchowiony"
    },
    {
      "word": "duchowny"
    },
    {
      "word": "duchacki"
    },
    {
      "word": "duszny"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ],
      "word": "duchowo"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Iwona utrzymuje się z wywoływania duchów podczas płatnych seansów spirytystycznych."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "niematerialna postać, często obdarzona nienaturalną siłą lub zdolnościami"
      ],
      "id": "pl-duch-pl-noun-8MsFPbSp",
      "sense_index": "1.1"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "dusza ludzka"
      ],
      "id": "pl-duch-pl-noun-74ybloIJ",
      "sense_index": "1.2"
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Nie trać ducha, na pewno wszystko dobrze się skończy."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "zapał, entuzjazm"
      ],
      "id": "pl-duch-pl-noun-zp7yHgqg",
      "sense_index": "1.3"
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "W tej trudnej chwili będę z tobą duchem!"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "umysł, myśli ludzkie"
      ],
      "id": "pl-duch-pl-noun-rZ9lhCmV",
      "sense_index": "1.4"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "temperament, usposobienie"
      ],
      "id": "pl-duch-pl-noun-J6olQHLq",
      "sense_index": "1.5"
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Spotkanie odbyło się w duchu pojednania i miłości."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "istota, treść, charakter czegoś"
      ],
      "id": "pl-duch-pl-noun-ykYnwvPN",
      "sense_index": "1.6"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "odwaga"
      ],
      "id": "pl-duch-pl-noun-X~GqqCnl",
      "sense_index": "1.7",
      "tags": [
        "Old-Polish"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "dux"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "duχ",
      "tags": [
        "Slavic-alphabet"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Pl-duch.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/Pl-duch.ogg/Pl-duch.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-duch.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-duch.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-duch.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-duch.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-duch.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-duch.wav.ogg",
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-duch.wav"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "dusza"
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "animate",
    "masculine"
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "phantom"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ghost"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "apparition"
    },
    {
      "lang": "arabski",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "خلد"
    },
    {
      "lang": "baskijski",
      "lang_code": "eu",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "mamu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bułgarski",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "призрак"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bułgarski",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "фантом"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chorwacki",
      "lang_code": "hr",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "duh"
    },
    {
      "lang": "czeski",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "přízrak"
    },
    {
      "lang": "dolnołużycki",
      "lang_code": "dsb",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "duch"
    },
    {
      "lang": "duński",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "spøgelse"
    },
    {
      "lang": "duński",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "common"
      ],
      "word": "gejst"
    },
    {
      "lang": "esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "fantomo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "francuski",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "fantôme"
    },
    {
      "lang": "grenlandzki",
      "lang_code": "kl",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "anersaaq"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hawajski",
      "lang_code": "haw",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ʻuhane"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hawajski",
      "lang_code": "haw",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ʻula"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hawajski",
      "lang_code": "haw",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "makani"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hiszpański",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "fantasma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "islandzki",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "andi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "islandzki",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "draugur"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "幽霊"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ゆうれい"
    },
    {
      "lang": "jidysz",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "gajst",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "גײַסט"
    },
    {
      "lang": "jidysz",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "ruech",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "רוח"
    },
    {
      "lang": "jidysz",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "szed",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "שד"
    },
    {
      "lang": "jidysz",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "mes",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "מת"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kaszubski",
      "lang_code": "csb",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "dëch"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kataloński",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "fantasma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "liwski",
      "lang_code": "liv",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "kǟm"
    },
    {
      "lang": "liwski",
      "lang_code": "liv",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "kǟmõz"
    },
    {
      "lang": "łaciński",
      "lang_code": "la",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "spiritus"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niderlandzki",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "geest"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Phantom"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Geist"
    },
    {
      "lang": "norweski (bokmål)",
      "lang_code": "nb",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "spøkelse"
    },
    {
      "lang": "norweski (nynorsk)",
      "lang_code": "nn",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "spøkjelse"
    },
    {
      "lang": "norweski (nynorsk)",
      "lang_code": "nn",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "spøkelse"
    },
    {
      "lang": "nowogrecki",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "πνεύμα"
    },
    {
      "lang": "portugalski",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "fantasma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "portugalski",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "aparição"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rosyjski",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "фантом"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rosyjski",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "привидение"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rosyjski",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "призрак"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rumuński",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "duh"
    },
    {
      "lang": "sanskryt",
      "lang_code": "sa",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "परेत"
    },
    {
      "lang": "słowacki",
      "lang_code": "sk",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "fantóm"
    },
    {
      "lang": "słowacki",
      "lang_code": "sk",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "duch"
    },
    {
      "lang": "staroangielski",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gāst"
    },
    {
      "lang": "szwedzki",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "spöke"
    },
    {
      "lang": "tuvalu",
      "lang_code": "tvl",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "agāga"
    },
    {
      "lang": "tuvalu",
      "lang_code": "tvl",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "feao"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ukraiński",
      "lang_code": "uk",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "дух"
    },
    {
      "lang": "wilamowski",
      "lang_code": "wym",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gȧjst"
    },
    {
      "lang": "włoski",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "fantasma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "soul"
    },
    {
      "lang": "arabski",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "شبح"
    },
    {
      "lang": "arabski",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "نفس"
    },
    {
      "lang": "arabski",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "نفس"
    },
    {
      "lang": "arabski",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "روح"
    },
    {
      "lang": "baskijski",
      "lang_code": "eu",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "arima"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bułgarski",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "душа"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chiński standardowy",
      "lang_code": "zh",
      "roman": "línghún",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified",
        "Traditional"
      ],
      "word": "精神"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chorwacki",
      "lang_code": "hr",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "duša"
    },
    {
      "lang": "czeski",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "duše"
    },
    {
      "lang": "esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "animo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "fiński",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "sielu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "francuski",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "âme"
    },
    {
      "lang": "grenlandzki",
      "lang_code": "kl",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "tarnik"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hawajski",
      "lang_code": "haw",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "ʻuhane"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hiszpański",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "alma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "islandzki",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sál"
    },
    {
      "lang": "islandzki",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "andi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "精神"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "せいしん"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "魂"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "たましい"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "霊"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "れい"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kaszubski",
      "lang_code": "csb",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "dësza"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kataloński",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "ànima"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Geist"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Gemüt"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Seele"
    },
    {
      "lang": "norweski (bokmål)",
      "lang_code": "nb",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sjel"
    },
    {
      "lang": "nowogrecki",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "πνεύμα"
    },
    {
      "lang": "portugalski",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "alma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "portugalski",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "espírito"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rosyjski",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "душа"
    },
    {
      "lang": "słowacki",
      "lang_code": "sk",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "duša"
    },
    {
      "lang": "staroangielski",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gāst"
    },
    {
      "lang": "szwedzki",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "själ"
    },
    {
      "lang": "tuvalu",
      "lang_code": "tvl",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "agāga"
    },
    {
      "lang": "węgierski",
      "lang_code": "hu",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "lélek"
    },
    {
      "lang": "wilamowski",
      "lang_code": "wym",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gȧjst"
    },
    {
      "lang": "włoski",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "anima"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "word": "spirit"
    },
    {
      "lang": "duński",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "tags": [
        "common"
      ],
      "word": "gejst"
    },
    {
      "lang": "esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "word": "spirito"
    },
    {
      "lang": "jidysz",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "mut",
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "מוט"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Geist"
    },
    {
      "lang": "nowogrecki",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "πνεύμα"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "mind"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bułgarski",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "дух"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chiński standardowy",
      "lang_code": "zh",
      "roman": "jīngshén",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified",
        "Traditional"
      ],
      "word": "精神"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chorwacki",
      "lang_code": "hr",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "duh"
    },
    {
      "lang": "czeski",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "duch"
    },
    {
      "lang": "czeski",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "duše"
    },
    {
      "lang": "duński",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "common"
      ],
      "word": "ånd"
    },
    {
      "lang": "esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "spirito"
    },
    {
      "lang": "fiński",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "henki"
    },
    {
      "lang": "francuski",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "esprit"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hiszpański",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "espíritu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "islandzki",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sál"
    },
    {
      "lang": "islandzki",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "andi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "精神"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "せいしん"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "心"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "こころ"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "魂"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "たましい"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kaszubski",
      "lang_code": "csb",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "dëch"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kataloński",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "esperit"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niderlandzki",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "geest"
    },
    {
      "lang": "norweski (bokmål)",
      "lang_code": "nb",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sjel"
    },
    {
      "lang": "nowogrecki",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "πνεύμα"
    },
    {
      "lang": "portugalski",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "alma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "portugalski",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "espírito"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rosyjski",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "дух"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rumuński",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "duh"
    },
    {
      "lang": "słowacki",
      "lang_code": "sk",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "duch"
    },
    {
      "lang": "szwedzki",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "själ"
    },
    {
      "lang": "włoski",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "spirito"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.5",
      "word": "spirit"
    },
    {
      "lang": "esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense_index": "1.5",
      "word": "spirito"
    },
    {
      "lang": "jidysz",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "mut",
      "sense_index": "1.5",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "מוט"
    },
    {
      "lang": "nowogrecki",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "sense_index": "1.5",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "πνεύμα"
    },
    {
      "lang": "dolnołużycki",
      "lang_code": "dsb",
      "sense_index": "1.6",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "duch"
    },
    {
      "lang": "duński",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense_index": "1.6",
      "tags": [
        "common"
      ],
      "word": "ånd"
    },
    {
      "lang": "esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense_index": "1.6",
      "word": "spirito"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.6",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Geist"
    },
    {
      "lang": "nowogrecki",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "sense_index": "1.6",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "πνεύμα"
    },
    {
      "lang": "szwedzki",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "sense_index": "1.6",
      "tags": [
        "common"
      ],
      "word": "anda"
    },
    {
      "lang": "tuvalu",
      "lang_code": "tvl",
      "sense_index": "1.6",
      "word": "feao"
    },
    {
      "lang": "wilamowski",
      "lang_code": "wym",
      "sense_index": "1.6",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gȧjst"
    },
    {
      "lang": "jidysz",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "mut",
      "sense_index": "1.7",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "מוט"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.7",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Gespenst"
    },
    {
      "lang": "interlingua",
      "lang_code": "ia",
      "word": "apparition"
    }
  ],
  "word": "duch"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1.2,4",
      "word": "ciało"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "polski (indeks)"
  ],
  "etymology_texts": [
    "prasł. *duxъ < praindoeur. *dʰou̯so- → podmuch, powiew wiatru, tchnienie, od praindoeur. *dʰeu̯s- → prószyć, wiać, parować"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ducha",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchowi",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ducha",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchem",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchu",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchu",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "vocative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchy",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchów",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchom",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchy",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchami",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchach",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchy",
      "sense_index": "1.1-2",
      "tags": [
        "vocative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ducha",
      "sense_index": "1.3-7",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchowi",
      "sense_index": "1.3-7",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ducha",
      "sense_index": "1.3-7",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchem",
      "sense_index": "1.3-7",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchu",
      "sense_index": "1.3-7",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "duchu",
      "sense_index": "1.3-7",
      "tags": [
        "vocative",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "język polski",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "meronyms": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "zjawa"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "widmo"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "upiór"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "zmora"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "fantom"
    }
  ],
  "pos": "noun",
  "pos_text": "rzeczownik",
  "proverbs": [
    {
      "word": "Bogu ducha winien"
    },
    {
      "word": "być nieobecnym duchem"
    },
    {
      "word": "co duch"
    },
    {
      "word": "duch bojowy"
    },
    {
      "word": "duch czasu"
    },
    {
      "word": "iść z duchem czasu"
    },
    {
      "word": "podnieść na duchu"
    },
    {
      "word": "podnosić na duchu"
    },
    {
      "word": "tchnąć ducha (w coś)"
    },
    {
      "word": "tracić ducha"
    },
    {
      "word": "upadać na duchu"
    },
    {
      "word": "upaść na duchu"
    },
    {
      "word": "wyzionąć ducha"
    },
    {
      "word": "oddać ducha"
    },
    {
      "word": "oddać ducha Bogu"
    },
    {
      "word": "w głębi ducha"
    },
    {
      "word": "w skrytości ducha"
    },
    {
      "word": "złamać ducha"
    },
    {
      "word": "żywy duch"
    }
  ],
  "related": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "zobaczyć ducha"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "Duch Święty"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "wyzionąć ducha"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "word": "duch walki"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "word": "tracić"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "word": "nabierać ducha"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1.5",
      "word": "stan ducha"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "noun",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "duchak"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "duchacz"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "dusznik"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Dusiołek"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "duszyca"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "dusza"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "duchowny"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "duchowość"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "duchowieństwo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "duchota"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "duchowy"
    },
    {
      "word": "uduchowiony"
    },
    {
      "word": "duchowny"
    },
    {
      "word": "duchacki"
    },
    {
      "word": "duszny"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ],
      "word": "duchowo"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Iwona utrzymuje się z wywoływania duchów podczas płatnych seansów spirytystycznych."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "niematerialna postać, często obdarzona nienaturalną siłą lub zdolnościami"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.1"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "dusza ludzka"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.2"
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Nie trać ducha, na pewno wszystko dobrze się skończy."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "zapał, entuzjazm"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.3"
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "W tej trudnej chwili będę z tobą duchem!"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "umysł, myśli ludzkie"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.4"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "temperament, usposobienie"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.5"
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Spotkanie odbyło się w duchu pojednania i miłości."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "istota, treść, charakter czegoś"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.6"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "odwaga"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1.7",
      "tags": [
        "Old-Polish"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "dux"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "duχ",
      "tags": [
        "Slavic-alphabet"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Pl-duch.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/Pl-duch.ogg/Pl-duch.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-duch.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-duch.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-duch.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-duch.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-duch.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Olaf-duch.wav.ogg",
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-duch.wav"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "dusza"
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "animate",
    "masculine"
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "phantom"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ghost"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "apparition"
    },
    {
      "lang": "arabski",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "خلد"
    },
    {
      "lang": "baskijski",
      "lang_code": "eu",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "mamu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bułgarski",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "призрак"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bułgarski",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "фантом"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chorwacki",
      "lang_code": "hr",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "duh"
    },
    {
      "lang": "czeski",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "přízrak"
    },
    {
      "lang": "dolnołużycki",
      "lang_code": "dsb",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "duch"
    },
    {
      "lang": "duński",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "spøgelse"
    },
    {
      "lang": "duński",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "common"
      ],
      "word": "gejst"
    },
    {
      "lang": "esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "fantomo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "francuski",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "fantôme"
    },
    {
      "lang": "grenlandzki",
      "lang_code": "kl",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "anersaaq"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hawajski",
      "lang_code": "haw",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ʻuhane"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hawajski",
      "lang_code": "haw",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ʻula"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hawajski",
      "lang_code": "haw",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "makani"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hiszpański",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "fantasma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "islandzki",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "andi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "islandzki",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "draugur"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "幽霊"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "ゆうれい"
    },
    {
      "lang": "jidysz",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "gajst",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "גײַסט"
    },
    {
      "lang": "jidysz",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "ruech",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "רוח"
    },
    {
      "lang": "jidysz",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "szed",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "שד"
    },
    {
      "lang": "jidysz",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "mes",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "מת"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kaszubski",
      "lang_code": "csb",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "dëch"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kataloński",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "fantasma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "liwski",
      "lang_code": "liv",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "kǟm"
    },
    {
      "lang": "liwski",
      "lang_code": "liv",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "kǟmõz"
    },
    {
      "lang": "łaciński",
      "lang_code": "la",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "spiritus"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niderlandzki",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "geest"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Phantom"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Geist"
    },
    {
      "lang": "norweski (bokmål)",
      "lang_code": "nb",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "spøkelse"
    },
    {
      "lang": "norweski (nynorsk)",
      "lang_code": "nn",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "spøkjelse"
    },
    {
      "lang": "norweski (nynorsk)",
      "lang_code": "nn",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "spøkelse"
    },
    {
      "lang": "nowogrecki",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "πνεύμα"
    },
    {
      "lang": "portugalski",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "fantasma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "portugalski",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "aparição"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rosyjski",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "фантом"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rosyjski",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "привидение"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rosyjski",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "призрак"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rumuński",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "duh"
    },
    {
      "lang": "sanskryt",
      "lang_code": "sa",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "परेत"
    },
    {
      "lang": "słowacki",
      "lang_code": "sk",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "fantóm"
    },
    {
      "lang": "słowacki",
      "lang_code": "sk",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "duch"
    },
    {
      "lang": "staroangielski",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gāst"
    },
    {
      "lang": "szwedzki",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "spöke"
    },
    {
      "lang": "tuvalu",
      "lang_code": "tvl",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "agāga"
    },
    {
      "lang": "tuvalu",
      "lang_code": "tvl",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "feao"
    },
    {
      "lang": "ukraiński",
      "lang_code": "uk",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "дух"
    },
    {
      "lang": "wilamowski",
      "lang_code": "wym",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gȧjst"
    },
    {
      "lang": "włoski",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense_index": "1.1",
      "word": "fantasma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "soul"
    },
    {
      "lang": "arabski",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "شبح"
    },
    {
      "lang": "arabski",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "نفس"
    },
    {
      "lang": "arabski",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "نفس"
    },
    {
      "lang": "arabski",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "روح"
    },
    {
      "lang": "baskijski",
      "lang_code": "eu",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "arima"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bułgarski",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "душа"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chiński standardowy",
      "lang_code": "zh",
      "roman": "línghún",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified",
        "Traditional"
      ],
      "word": "精神"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chorwacki",
      "lang_code": "hr",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "duša"
    },
    {
      "lang": "czeski",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "duše"
    },
    {
      "lang": "esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "animo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "fiński",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "sielu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "francuski",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "âme"
    },
    {
      "lang": "grenlandzki",
      "lang_code": "kl",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "tarnik"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hawajski",
      "lang_code": "haw",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "ʻuhane"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hiszpański",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "alma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "islandzki",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sál"
    },
    {
      "lang": "islandzki",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "andi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "精神"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "せいしん"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "魂"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "たましい"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "霊"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "れい"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kaszubski",
      "lang_code": "csb",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "dësza"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kataloński",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "ànima"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Geist"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Gemüt"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Seele"
    },
    {
      "lang": "norweski (bokmål)",
      "lang_code": "nb",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sjel"
    },
    {
      "lang": "nowogrecki",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "πνεύμα"
    },
    {
      "lang": "portugalski",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "alma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "portugalski",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "espírito"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rosyjski",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "душа"
    },
    {
      "lang": "słowacki",
      "lang_code": "sk",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "duša"
    },
    {
      "lang": "staroangielski",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gāst"
    },
    {
      "lang": "szwedzki",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "själ"
    },
    {
      "lang": "tuvalu",
      "lang_code": "tvl",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "agāga"
    },
    {
      "lang": "węgierski",
      "lang_code": "hu",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "lélek"
    },
    {
      "lang": "wilamowski",
      "lang_code": "wym",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gȧjst"
    },
    {
      "lang": "włoski",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense_index": "1.2",
      "word": "anima"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "word": "spirit"
    },
    {
      "lang": "duński",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "tags": [
        "common"
      ],
      "word": "gejst"
    },
    {
      "lang": "esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "word": "spirito"
    },
    {
      "lang": "jidysz",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "mut",
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "מוט"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Geist"
    },
    {
      "lang": "nowogrecki",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "sense_index": "1.3",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "πνεύμα"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "mind"
    },
    {
      "lang": "bułgarski",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "дух"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chiński standardowy",
      "lang_code": "zh",
      "roman": "jīngshén",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified",
        "Traditional"
      ],
      "word": "精神"
    },
    {
      "lang": "chorwacki",
      "lang_code": "hr",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "duh"
    },
    {
      "lang": "czeski",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "duch"
    },
    {
      "lang": "czeski",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "duše"
    },
    {
      "lang": "duński",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "common"
      ],
      "word": "ånd"
    },
    {
      "lang": "esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "spirito"
    },
    {
      "lang": "fiński",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "henki"
    },
    {
      "lang": "francuski",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "esprit"
    },
    {
      "lang": "hiszpański",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "espíritu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "islandzki",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sál"
    },
    {
      "lang": "islandzki",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "andi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "精神"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "せいしん"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "心"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "こころ"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "魂"
    },
    {
      "lang": "japoński",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "たましい"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kaszubski",
      "lang_code": "csb",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "dëch"
    },
    {
      "lang": "kataloński",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "esperit"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niderlandzki",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "geest"
    },
    {
      "lang": "norweski (bokmål)",
      "lang_code": "nb",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sjel"
    },
    {
      "lang": "nowogrecki",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "πνεύμα"
    },
    {
      "lang": "portugalski",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "alma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "portugalski",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "espírito"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rosyjski",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "дух"
    },
    {
      "lang": "rumuński",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "duh"
    },
    {
      "lang": "słowacki",
      "lang_code": "sk",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "duch"
    },
    {
      "lang": "szwedzki",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "själ"
    },
    {
      "lang": "włoski",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense_index": "1.4",
      "word": "spirito"
    },
    {
      "lang": "angielski",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense_index": "1.5",
      "word": "spirit"
    },
    {
      "lang": "esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense_index": "1.5",
      "word": "spirito"
    },
    {
      "lang": "jidysz",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "mut",
      "sense_index": "1.5",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "מוט"
    },
    {
      "lang": "nowogrecki",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "sense_index": "1.5",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "πνεύμα"
    },
    {
      "lang": "dolnołużycki",
      "lang_code": "dsb",
      "sense_index": "1.6",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "duch"
    },
    {
      "lang": "duński",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense_index": "1.6",
      "tags": [
        "common"
      ],
      "word": "ånd"
    },
    {
      "lang": "esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense_index": "1.6",
      "word": "spirito"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.6",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Geist"
    },
    {
      "lang": "nowogrecki",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "sense_index": "1.6",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "πνεύμα"
    },
    {
      "lang": "szwedzki",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "sense_index": "1.6",
      "tags": [
        "common"
      ],
      "word": "anda"
    },
    {
      "lang": "tuvalu",
      "lang_code": "tvl",
      "sense_index": "1.6",
      "word": "feao"
    },
    {
      "lang": "wilamowski",
      "lang_code": "wym",
      "sense_index": "1.6",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gȧjst"
    },
    {
      "lang": "jidysz",
      "lang_code": "yi",
      "roman": "mut",
      "sense_index": "1.7",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "מוט"
    },
    {
      "lang": "niemiecki",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense_index": "1.7",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Gespenst"
    },
    {
      "lang": "interlingua",
      "lang_code": "ia",
      "word": "apparition"
    }
  ],
  "word": "duch"
}

Download raw JSONL data for duch meaning in język polski (18.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable język polski dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-10-17 from the plwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (1fa2fea and a709d4b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.