See Jacques on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Noms de famille en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Français",
"orig": "français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Doublet lexical de Jacob. (c. 1140) Jaque (« Jacob ») (Wace, La Conception de Notre Dame)."
],
"lang": "Français",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "name",
"pos_title": "Nom de famille",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Exemples en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "journal Sud Ouest, édition Charente-Maritime, 8 juillet 2023, page 24",
"text": "Dany Orion a conclu ainsi : « il est décidément regrettable de relever que depuis trois ans et demi, Mme Jacques n’a cessé de vouloir dénigrer les membres de la majorité sans jamais être force de proposition pour améliorer le bien-être de la commune et des Breuilletons, à l’instar de vos colistiers, M. Lambrot et Vauvelle »."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nom de famille."
],
"id": "fr-Jacques-fr-name-Wdkkzxrr"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "\\ʒɑk\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒak\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒak\\"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-Paris--Jacques.ogg",
"ipa": "ʒak",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/Fr-Paris--Jacques.ogg/Fr-Paris--Jacques.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fr-Paris--Jacques.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"France (Paris)"
]
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒɑk\\",
"raw_tags": [
"(Accents avec distinction /a/~/ɑ/)"
]
},
{
"ipa": "\\ˈʒa.kə\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒɑk\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒɑɔ̯k\\"
},
{
"audio": "Qc-Jacques.ogg",
"ipa": "ʒɑɔ̯k",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/Qc-Jacques.ogg/Qc-Jacques.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Qc-Jacques.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"Canada (Montréal)"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Arthur Crbz-Jacques.wav",
"ipa": "ʒak",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-Jacques.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-Jacques.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-Jacques.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-Jacques.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"France (Occitanie)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Arthur Crbz-Jacques.wav"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"Canada (Shawinigan)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"surename"
],
"word": "Jacques"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Prénoms masculins en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en afrikaans",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en allemand",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en anglais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en arabe",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en arménien",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en basque",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en breton",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en bulgare",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en catalan",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en cebuano",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en chinois",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en corse",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en coréen",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en croate",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en créole guadeloupéen",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en danois",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en espagnol",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en espéranto",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en estonien",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en finnois",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en frison",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en féroïen",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en galicien",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en gallo",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en gallois",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en gaélique irlandais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en gaélique écossais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en grec",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en grec ancien",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en géorgien",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en hawaïen",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en hongrois",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en hébreu",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en ido",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en islandais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en italien",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en japonais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en ladin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en letton",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en limbourgeois",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en lituanien",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en maltais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en mannois",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en mindong",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en monégasque",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en normand",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en norvégien",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en néerlandais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en occitan",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en picard",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en polonais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en portugais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en roumain",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en russe",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en scots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en serbe",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en slovaque",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en slovène",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en suédois",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en swahili",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en tagalog",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en tchèque",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en turc",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en ukrainien",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en waray (Philippines)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en zélandais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Français",
"orig": "français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Prénoms",
"word": "Christian-Jacques"
},
{
"sense": "Prénoms",
"word": "Jacqueline"
},
{
"sense": "Prénoms",
"word": "Jacques-Alexandre"
},
{
"sense": "Prénoms",
"word": "Jacques-Charles"
},
{
"sense": "Prénoms",
"word": "Jacques-Émile"
},
{
"sense": "Prénoms",
"word": "Jacques-François"
},
{
"sense": "Prénoms",
"word": "Jacques-Yves"
},
{
"sense": "Prénoms",
"word": "Jacquot"
},
{
"sense": "Prénoms",
"word": "Jean-Jacques"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "habillé comme la chienne à Jacques"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "Pierre, Paul ou Jacques"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "herbe de Jacques"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "jacquaire"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "jacquère"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "jacquerie"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "jacques"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "Jacques Bonhomme"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "jacquet"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "jaque"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "jaquette"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "maître Jacques"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Doublet lexical de Jacob. (c. 1140) Jaque (« Jacob ») (Wace, La Conception de Notre Dame)."
],
"lang": "Français",
"lang_code": "fr",
"notes": [
"Jack et les prénoms apparentés ne sont pas liés à Jacques → voir Jack."
],
"pos": "name",
"pos_title": "Prénom",
"related": [
{
"word": "Jac"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Exemples en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Frère Jacques",
"text": "Frère Jacques (bis)\nDormez-vous ? (bis)\nSonnez les matines ! (bis)\nDing ! Daing ! Dong ! (bis)"
},
{
"ref": "Jacques Brel, chanson « Grand Jacques », album Jacques Brel et ses chansons, 1954",
"text": "Et dis-toi donc Grand Jacques\n Dis-le-toi bien souvent\n C'est trop facile\n C'est trop facile\n De faire semblant."
},
{
"ref": "Erik Empatz, La Corse démasquée, dans Les dossiers du Canard enchaîné,nᵒ 60, page 5, juillet 1996",
"text": "Nous avons cherché à savoir pourquoi un peuple réputé rebelle vote à 64% pour Jacques Chirac."
},
{
"ref": "Normand Lester, Loi 96: Legault et la CAQ ont eu peur des Anglais, journaldequebec.com, 15 mai 2021",
"text": "Camille Laurin, René Lévesque, Bernard Landry et Jacques Parizeau doivent se retourner dans leur tombe."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Prénom masculin."
],
"id": "fr-Jacques-fr-name-qg7gT5tW"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Exemples en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lexique en français de l’Antiquité",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lexique en français du christianisme",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Après Jésus. L'invention du christianisme, sous la direction de Roselyne Dupont-Roc et Antoine Guggenheim, Albin Michel, 2020, page 307",
"text": "Jacques a joué un rôle de premier plan dans les premières décennies du christianisme, notamment parmi les chrétiens d'origine juive dont il est devenu la figure emblématique."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Personnage important des Actes des Apôtres, également appelé « Jacques, frère du Seigneur » ou « Jacques, frère de Jésus »."
],
"id": "fr-Jacques-fr-name-Iuzrjif-",
"tags": [
"Ancient",
"especially"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lexique en français de l’Antiquité",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Jacques le Majeur."
],
"id": "fr-Jacques-fr-name-NktObLCj",
"tags": [
"Ancient",
"especially"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lexique en français de l’Antiquité",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Jacques le Mineur, aussi appelé « Jacques d'Alphée »."
],
"id": "fr-Jacques-fr-name-BkjgWceT",
"tags": [
"Ancient",
"especially"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lexique en français de la religion",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Vingtième livre du Nouveau Testament, composé de cinq chapitres."
],
"id": "fr-Jacques-fr-name-LJgZVexY",
"topics": [
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "\\ʒɑk\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒak\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒak\\"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-Paris--Jacques.ogg",
"ipa": "ʒak",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/Fr-Paris--Jacques.ogg/Fr-Paris--Jacques.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fr-Paris--Jacques.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"France (Paris)"
]
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒɑk\\",
"raw_tags": [
"(Accents avec distinction /a/~/ɑ/)"
]
},
{
"ipa": "\\ˈʒa.kə\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒɑk\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒɑɔ̯k\\"
},
{
"audio": "Qc-Jacques.ogg",
"ipa": "ʒɑɔ̯k",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/Qc-Jacques.ogg/Qc-Jacques.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Qc-Jacques.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"Canada (Montréal)"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Arthur Crbz-Jacques.wav",
"ipa": "ʒak",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-Jacques.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-Jacques.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-Jacques.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-Jacques.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"France (Occitanie)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Arthur Crbz-Jacques.wav"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"Canada (Shawinigan)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav"
}
],
"tags": [
"first name",
"masculine"
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "Jakobus"
},
{
"lang": "Allemand",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Jakob"
},
{
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "James"
},
{
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "Jacob"
},
{
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "Jack"
},
{
"lang": "Arabe",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "Yakoub, Yaqoub",
"word": "يعقوب"
},
{
"lang": "Arabe",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "Jākūb",
"word": "جَاكُوب"
},
{
"lang": "Arménien",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "Hakob",
"word": "Հակոբ"
},
{
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"word": "Jakes"
},
{
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"word": "Jagoba"
},
{
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"word": "Jakue"
},
{
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"word": "Jakue"
},
{
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"word": "Jakob"
},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"word": "Jakez"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgare",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "Jakov",
"word": "Яков"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "Jaume"
},
{
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"word": "Santiago"
},
{
"lang": "Chinois",
"lang_code": "zh",
"roman": "Yǎkè",
"word": "雅克"
},
{
"lang": "Coréen",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "Yagop",
"word": "야곱"
},
{
"lang": "Corse",
"lang_code": "co",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ghjàcumu"
},
{
"lang": "Créole guadeloupéen",
"lang_code": "gcf",
"word": "Jak"
},
{
"lang": "Croate",
"lang_code": "hr",
"word": "Jakov"
},
{
"lang": "Danois",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "Jakob"
},
{
"lang": "Espagnol",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "Diego"
},
{
"lang": "Espagnol",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "Jaime"
},
{
"lang": "Espagnol",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "Santiago"
},
{
"lang": "Espagnol",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "Jacobo"
},
{
"lang": "Espéranto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"word": "Jakobo"
},
{
"lang": "Estonien",
"lang_code": "et",
"word": "Jaak"
},
{
"lang": "Féroïen",
"lang_code": "fo",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Jákup"
},
{
"lang": "Finnois",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "Jaakko"
},
{
"lang": "Frison",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "Jakobus"
},
{
"lang": "Gaélique écossais",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "Seumas"
},
{
"lang": "Gaélique irlandais",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "Séamas"
},
{
"lang": "Gaélique irlandais",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "Séamus"
},
{
"lang": "Galicien",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "Xaime"
},
{
"lang": "Gallo",
"lang_code": "gallo",
"word": "Jacot"
},
{
"lang": "Gallois",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "Iago"
},
{
"lang": "Géorgien",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "Iakobi",
"word": "იაკობი"
},
{
"lang": "Grec",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "Iákovos",
"word": "Ιάκωβος"
},
{
"lang": "Grec ancien",
"lang_code": "grc",
"roman": "Iákōbos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ἰάκωβος"
},
{
"lang": "Hawaïen",
"lang_code": "haw",
"word": "Iakobo"
},
{
"lang": "Hébreu",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "Ya’aqov",
"word": "יעקב"
},
{
"lang": "Hongrois",
"lang_code": "hu",
"word": "Jakab"
},
{
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"word": "Iakobus"
},
{
"lang": "Islandais",
"lang_code": "is",
"word": "Jakob"
},
{
"lang": "Italien",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "Giacobbe"
},
{
"lang": "Italien",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "Giacomo"
},
{
"lang": "Japonais",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "Yakobu",
"word": "ヤコブ"
},
{
"lang": "Ladin",
"lang_code": "lld",
"word": "Iacun"
},
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"word": "Iacobus"
},
{
"lang": "Letton",
"lang_code": "lv",
"word": "Jēkabs"
},
{
"lang": "Limbourgeois",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "Jakobus"
},
{
"lang": "Lituanien",
"lang_code": "lt",
"word": "Jokūbas"
},
{
"lang": "Maltais",
"lang_code": "mt",
"word": "Ġakbu"
},
{
"lang": "Mannois",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "Jamys"
},
{
"lang": "Mindong",
"lang_code": "cdo",
"roman": "Ngā-gáuk Cṳ̆",
"word": "雅各書"
},
{
"lang": "Monégasque",
"lang_code": "lij-MC",
"word": "Gia̍cumu"
},
{
"lang": "Néerlandais",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "Jacob"
},
{
"lang": "Normand",
"lang_code": "normand",
"word": "Jaques"
},
{
"lang": "Norvégien",
"lang_code": "no",
"word": "Jakob"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "Jaume"
},
{
"lang": "Picard",
"lang_code": "pcd",
"word": "Jaques"
},
{
"lang": "Polonais",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "Jakub"
},
{
"lang": "Portugais",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "Tiago"
},
{
"lang": "Portugais",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "Diogo"
},
{
"lang": "Portugais",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "Thiago"
},
{
"lang": "Roumain",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "Iacob"
},
{
"lang": "Russe",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Jakov",
"word": "Яков"
},
{
"lang": "Russe",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Iakov",
"word": "Иаков"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "Hamish"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "James"
},
{
"lang": "Serbe",
"lang_code": "sr",
"roman": "Jakov",
"word": "Јаков"
},
{
"lang": "Slovaque",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "Jakub"
},
{
"lang": "Slovène",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "Jakob"
},
{
"lang": "Slovène",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "Jakov"
},
{
"lang": "Suédois",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "Jakob"
},
{
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"word": "Yakobo"
},
{
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"word": "Santiago"
},
{
"lang": "Tchèque",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "Jakub"
},
{
"lang": "Turc",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "Yakup"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainien",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Jakiv",
"word": "Яків"
},
{
"lang": "Waray (Philippines)",
"lang_code": "war",
"word": "Santiago"
},
{
"lang": "Zélandais",
"lang_code": "zea",
"word": "Jakobus"
}
],
"word": "Jacques"
}
{
"categories": [
"Noms de famille en français",
"français"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Doublet lexical de Jacob. (c. 1140) Jaque (« Jacob ») (Wace, La Conception de Notre Dame)."
],
"lang": "Français",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "name",
"pos_title": "Nom de famille",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Exemples en français"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "journal Sud Ouest, édition Charente-Maritime, 8 juillet 2023, page 24",
"text": "Dany Orion a conclu ainsi : « il est décidément regrettable de relever que depuis trois ans et demi, Mme Jacques n’a cessé de vouloir dénigrer les membres de la majorité sans jamais être force de proposition pour améliorer le bien-être de la commune et des Breuilletons, à l’instar de vos colistiers, M. Lambrot et Vauvelle »."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nom de famille."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "\\ʒɑk\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒak\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒak\\"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-Paris--Jacques.ogg",
"ipa": "ʒak",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/Fr-Paris--Jacques.ogg/Fr-Paris--Jacques.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fr-Paris--Jacques.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"France (Paris)"
]
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒɑk\\",
"raw_tags": [
"(Accents avec distinction /a/~/ɑ/)"
]
},
{
"ipa": "\\ˈʒa.kə\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒɑk\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒɑɔ̯k\\"
},
{
"audio": "Qc-Jacques.ogg",
"ipa": "ʒɑɔ̯k",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/Qc-Jacques.ogg/Qc-Jacques.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Qc-Jacques.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"Canada (Montréal)"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Arthur Crbz-Jacques.wav",
"ipa": "ʒak",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-Jacques.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-Jacques.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-Jacques.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-Jacques.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"France (Occitanie)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Arthur Crbz-Jacques.wav"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"Canada (Shawinigan)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"surename"
],
"word": "Jacques"
}
{
"categories": [
"Prénoms masculins en français",
"Traductions en afrikaans",
"Traductions en allemand",
"Traductions en anglais",
"Traductions en arabe",
"Traductions en arménien",
"Traductions en basque",
"Traductions en breton",
"Traductions en bulgare",
"Traductions en catalan",
"Traductions en cebuano",
"Traductions en chinois",
"Traductions en corse",
"Traductions en coréen",
"Traductions en croate",
"Traductions en créole guadeloupéen",
"Traductions en danois",
"Traductions en espagnol",
"Traductions en espéranto",
"Traductions en estonien",
"Traductions en finnois",
"Traductions en frison",
"Traductions en féroïen",
"Traductions en galicien",
"Traductions en gallo",
"Traductions en gallois",
"Traductions en gaélique irlandais",
"Traductions en gaélique écossais",
"Traductions en grec",
"Traductions en grec ancien",
"Traductions en géorgien",
"Traductions en hawaïen",
"Traductions en hongrois",
"Traductions en hébreu",
"Traductions en ido",
"Traductions en islandais",
"Traductions en italien",
"Traductions en japonais",
"Traductions en ladin",
"Traductions en latin",
"Traductions en letton",
"Traductions en limbourgeois",
"Traductions en lituanien",
"Traductions en maltais",
"Traductions en mannois",
"Traductions en mindong",
"Traductions en monégasque",
"Traductions en normand",
"Traductions en norvégien",
"Traductions en néerlandais",
"Traductions en occitan",
"Traductions en picard",
"Traductions en polonais",
"Traductions en portugais",
"Traductions en roumain",
"Traductions en russe",
"Traductions en scots",
"Traductions en serbe",
"Traductions en slovaque",
"Traductions en slovène",
"Traductions en suédois",
"Traductions en swahili",
"Traductions en tagalog",
"Traductions en tchèque",
"Traductions en turc",
"Traductions en ukrainien",
"Traductions en waray (Philippines)",
"Traductions en zélandais",
"français"
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Prénoms",
"word": "Christian-Jacques"
},
{
"sense": "Prénoms",
"word": "Jacqueline"
},
{
"sense": "Prénoms",
"word": "Jacques-Alexandre"
},
{
"sense": "Prénoms",
"word": "Jacques-Charles"
},
{
"sense": "Prénoms",
"word": "Jacques-Émile"
},
{
"sense": "Prénoms",
"word": "Jacques-François"
},
{
"sense": "Prénoms",
"word": "Jacques-Yves"
},
{
"sense": "Prénoms",
"word": "Jacquot"
},
{
"sense": "Prénoms",
"word": "Jean-Jacques"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "habillé comme la chienne à Jacques"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "Pierre, Paul ou Jacques"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "herbe de Jacques"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "jacquaire"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "jacquère"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "jacquerie"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "jacques"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "Jacques Bonhomme"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "jacquet"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "jaque"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "jaquette"
},
{
"sense": "Autres",
"word": "maître Jacques"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Doublet lexical de Jacob. (c. 1140) Jaque (« Jacob ») (Wace, La Conception de Notre Dame)."
],
"lang": "Français",
"lang_code": "fr",
"notes": [
"Jack et les prénoms apparentés ne sont pas liés à Jacques → voir Jack."
],
"pos": "name",
"pos_title": "Prénom",
"related": [
{
"word": "Jac"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Exemples en français"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Frère Jacques",
"text": "Frère Jacques (bis)\nDormez-vous ? (bis)\nSonnez les matines ! (bis)\nDing ! Daing ! Dong ! (bis)"
},
{
"ref": "Jacques Brel, chanson « Grand Jacques », album Jacques Brel et ses chansons, 1954",
"text": "Et dis-toi donc Grand Jacques\n Dis-le-toi bien souvent\n C'est trop facile\n C'est trop facile\n De faire semblant."
},
{
"ref": "Erik Empatz, La Corse démasquée, dans Les dossiers du Canard enchaîné,nᵒ 60, page 5, juillet 1996",
"text": "Nous avons cherché à savoir pourquoi un peuple réputé rebelle vote à 64% pour Jacques Chirac."
},
{
"ref": "Normand Lester, Loi 96: Legault et la CAQ ont eu peur des Anglais, journaldequebec.com, 15 mai 2021",
"text": "Camille Laurin, René Lévesque, Bernard Landry et Jacques Parizeau doivent se retourner dans leur tombe."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Prénom masculin."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Exemples en français",
"Lexique en français de l’Antiquité",
"Lexique en français du christianisme"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Après Jésus. L'invention du christianisme, sous la direction de Roselyne Dupont-Roc et Antoine Guggenheim, Albin Michel, 2020, page 307",
"text": "Jacques a joué un rôle de premier plan dans les premières décennies du christianisme, notamment parmi les chrétiens d'origine juive dont il est devenu la figure emblématique."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Personnage important des Actes des Apôtres, également appelé « Jacques, frère du Seigneur » ou « Jacques, frère de Jésus »."
],
"tags": [
"Ancient",
"especially"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lexique en français de l’Antiquité"
],
"glosses": [
"Jacques le Majeur."
],
"tags": [
"Ancient",
"especially"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lexique en français de l’Antiquité"
],
"glosses": [
"Jacques le Mineur, aussi appelé « Jacques d'Alphée »."
],
"tags": [
"Ancient",
"especially"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lexique en français de la religion"
],
"glosses": [
"Vingtième livre du Nouveau Testament, composé de cinq chapitres."
],
"topics": [
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "\\ʒɑk\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒak\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒak\\"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-Paris--Jacques.ogg",
"ipa": "ʒak",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/Fr-Paris--Jacques.ogg/Fr-Paris--Jacques.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fr-Paris--Jacques.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"France (Paris)"
]
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒɑk\\",
"raw_tags": [
"(Accents avec distinction /a/~/ɑ/)"
]
},
{
"ipa": "\\ˈʒa.kə\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒɑk\\"
},
{
"ipa": "\\ʒɑɔ̯k\\"
},
{
"audio": "Qc-Jacques.ogg",
"ipa": "ʒɑɔ̯k",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/Qc-Jacques.ogg/Qc-Jacques.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Qc-Jacques.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"Canada (Montréal)"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Arthur Crbz-Jacques.wav",
"ipa": "ʒak",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-Jacques.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-Jacques.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-Jacques.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-Jacques.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"France (Occitanie)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Arthur Crbz-Jacques.wav"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"Canada (Shawinigan)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-Jacques.wav"
}
],
"tags": [
"first name",
"masculine"
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "Jakobus"
},
{
"lang": "Allemand",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Jakob"
},
{
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "James"
},
{
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "Jacob"
},
{
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "Jack"
},
{
"lang": "Arabe",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "Yakoub, Yaqoub",
"word": "يعقوب"
},
{
"lang": "Arabe",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "Jākūb",
"word": "جَاكُوب"
},
{
"lang": "Arménien",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "Hakob",
"word": "Հակոբ"
},
{
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"word": "Jakes"
},
{
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"word": "Jagoba"
},
{
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"word": "Jakue"
},
{
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"word": "Jakue"
},
{
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"word": "Jakob"
},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"word": "Jakez"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgare",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "Jakov",
"word": "Яков"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "Jaume"
},
{
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"word": "Santiago"
},
{
"lang": "Chinois",
"lang_code": "zh",
"roman": "Yǎkè",
"word": "雅克"
},
{
"lang": "Coréen",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "Yagop",
"word": "야곱"
},
{
"lang": "Corse",
"lang_code": "co",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ghjàcumu"
},
{
"lang": "Créole guadeloupéen",
"lang_code": "gcf",
"word": "Jak"
},
{
"lang": "Croate",
"lang_code": "hr",
"word": "Jakov"
},
{
"lang": "Danois",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "Jakob"
},
{
"lang": "Espagnol",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "Diego"
},
{
"lang": "Espagnol",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "Jaime"
},
{
"lang": "Espagnol",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "Santiago"
},
{
"lang": "Espagnol",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "Jacobo"
},
{
"lang": "Espéranto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"word": "Jakobo"
},
{
"lang": "Estonien",
"lang_code": "et",
"word": "Jaak"
},
{
"lang": "Féroïen",
"lang_code": "fo",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Jákup"
},
{
"lang": "Finnois",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "Jaakko"
},
{
"lang": "Frison",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "Jakobus"
},
{
"lang": "Gaélique écossais",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "Seumas"
},
{
"lang": "Gaélique irlandais",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "Séamas"
},
{
"lang": "Gaélique irlandais",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "Séamus"
},
{
"lang": "Galicien",
"lang_code": "gl",
"word": "Xaime"
},
{
"lang": "Gallo",
"lang_code": "gallo",
"word": "Jacot"
},
{
"lang": "Gallois",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "Iago"
},
{
"lang": "Géorgien",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "Iakobi",
"word": "იაკობი"
},
{
"lang": "Grec",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "Iákovos",
"word": "Ιάκωβος"
},
{
"lang": "Grec ancien",
"lang_code": "grc",
"roman": "Iákōbos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ἰάκωβος"
},
{
"lang": "Hawaïen",
"lang_code": "haw",
"word": "Iakobo"
},
{
"lang": "Hébreu",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "Ya’aqov",
"word": "יעקב"
},
{
"lang": "Hongrois",
"lang_code": "hu",
"word": "Jakab"
},
{
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"word": "Iakobus"
},
{
"lang": "Islandais",
"lang_code": "is",
"word": "Jakob"
},
{
"lang": "Italien",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "Giacobbe"
},
{
"lang": "Italien",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "Giacomo"
},
{
"lang": "Japonais",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "Yakobu",
"word": "ヤコブ"
},
{
"lang": "Ladin",
"lang_code": "lld",
"word": "Iacun"
},
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"word": "Iacobus"
},
{
"lang": "Letton",
"lang_code": "lv",
"word": "Jēkabs"
},
{
"lang": "Limbourgeois",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "Jakobus"
},
{
"lang": "Lituanien",
"lang_code": "lt",
"word": "Jokūbas"
},
{
"lang": "Maltais",
"lang_code": "mt",
"word": "Ġakbu"
},
{
"lang": "Mannois",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "Jamys"
},
{
"lang": "Mindong",
"lang_code": "cdo",
"roman": "Ngā-gáuk Cṳ̆",
"word": "雅各書"
},
{
"lang": "Monégasque",
"lang_code": "lij-MC",
"word": "Gia̍cumu"
},
{
"lang": "Néerlandais",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "Jacob"
},
{
"lang": "Normand",
"lang_code": "normand",
"word": "Jaques"
},
{
"lang": "Norvégien",
"lang_code": "no",
"word": "Jakob"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"word": "Jaume"
},
{
"lang": "Picard",
"lang_code": "pcd",
"word": "Jaques"
},
{
"lang": "Polonais",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "Jakub"
},
{
"lang": "Portugais",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "Tiago"
},
{
"lang": "Portugais",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "Diogo"
},
{
"lang": "Portugais",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "Thiago"
},
{
"lang": "Roumain",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "Iacob"
},
{
"lang": "Russe",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Jakov",
"word": "Яков"
},
{
"lang": "Russe",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Iakov",
"word": "Иаков"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "Hamish"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "James"
},
{
"lang": "Serbe",
"lang_code": "sr",
"roman": "Jakov",
"word": "Јаков"
},
{
"lang": "Slovaque",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "Jakub"
},
{
"lang": "Slovène",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "Jakob"
},
{
"lang": "Slovène",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "Jakov"
},
{
"lang": "Suédois",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "Jakob"
},
{
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"word": "Yakobo"
},
{
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"word": "Santiago"
},
{
"lang": "Tchèque",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "Jakub"
},
{
"lang": "Turc",
"lang_code": "tr",
"word": "Yakup"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainien",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Jakiv",
"word": "Яків"
},
{
"lang": "Waray (Philippines)",
"lang_code": "war",
"word": "Santiago"
},
{
"lang": "Zélandais",
"lang_code": "zea",
"word": "Jakobus"
}
],
"word": "Jacques"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Jacques meaning in All languages combined (14.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-07 from the frwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.