See krękъ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kręčь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kręčь",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kurkulai̇̃",
"3": "",
"4": "frog spawn",
"g": "p"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kurkulai̇̃ pl (“frog spawn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "kurkul̨i",
"3": "",
"4": "frog spawn",
"g": "p"
},
"expansion": "Latvian kurkul̨i pl (“frog spawn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hrugnaz",
"3": "",
"4": "roe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrugnaz (“roe”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "plangō",
"3": "",
"4": "to strike"
},
"expansion": "Latin plangō (“to strike”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "plāga",
"3": "",
"4": "stroke; plague"
},
"expansion": "Latin plāga (“stroke; plague”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*krekъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *krekъ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Disputed:\n* Berneker, Bezzenberger, Kroonen: Of etymological origin, akin to Proto-Slavic *kręčь, *kręky (“plank, rod”) and *kręgъ, *kręžь (“ridge, hump”); possibly further related to Lithuanian kurkulai̇̃ pl (“frog spawn”), Latvian kurkul̨i pl (“frog spawn”), Proto-Germanic *hrugnaz (“roe”). Perhaps from a nasal extension of Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-, *(s)kreh₁- (“to perturb, to pound, to swing”). For the semantic shift, compare analogous Latin plangō (“to strike”) → Latin plāga (“stroke; plague”), possibly planta (“plant”).\n* Machek, Trubačev: Of onomatopoeic origin, akin to Proto-Slavic *krekъ, *krěkъ, *krakъ (“squawk, quack”).\nESSJa formally distinguishes between meanings “spawn” (under *krękъ I) and “sprout” (under *krękъ II).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "krękъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kręka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kręci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kręka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kręku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krękъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kręku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krękoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krękomъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krękъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kręka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kręky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krękъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krękomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krękoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kręky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kręcě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kręku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kręcěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kręče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kręka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kręci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krękъ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "spawn, colony",
"word": "kręčina"
},
{
"english": "spawner",
"word": "krękosъ"
},
{
"english": "sedimentation",
"roman": "krakovína",
"sense": "East Slavic",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "⇒ Belarusian: кракові́на"
},
{
"english": "frog spawn",
"roman": "ukrják",
"sense": "Russian: кряк (krjak, “spawn; trunk”) (standard); крёк (krjok, “frog spawn”) (dialectal)",
"word": "⇒ Russian: укря́к"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "к"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "р"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "е̑"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "d"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "i"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "a"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "l"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "e"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "c"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "t"
},
{
"english": "duckweed",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "о̏кријек"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "k"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "r"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "ȇ"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "d"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "i"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "a"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "l"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "e"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "c"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "t"
},
{
"english": "duckweed",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "ȍkrijek"
},
{
"english": "frog spawn",
"sense": "Slovene: krẹ́k, krȃk (“spawn”) (dialectal)",
"word": "⇒ Slovene: žabokrẹ́čina"
},
{
"english": "frog spawn",
"sense": "Czech: skřek (obsolete)",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "⇒ Czech: žаbоkřеkу"
},
{
"sense": "West Slavic",
"tags": [
"Polish"
],
"word": "krzek"
},
{
"english": "amphibian spawn",
"sense": "West Slavic",
"tags": [
"Polish"
],
"word": "skrzek"
},
{
"english": "water plant",
"sense": "Sorbian",
"tags": [
"Lower-Sorbian"
],
"word": "kśek"
},
{
"english": "water plant",
"sense": "Sorbian",
"tags": [
"Upper-Sorbian"
],
"word": "křek"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "→ frog spawn (mainly in East Slavic, attested in derivatives within other branches)"
},
{
"text": "→ offshoot, bough, bole of plant (in South Slavic)"
},
{
"text": "→ turf of aquatic vegetation (in Serbo-Croatian, Sorbian)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spawn, sprout"
],
"id": "en-krękъ-sla-pro-noun-ld-MO8xr",
"links": [
[
"spawn",
"spawn"
],
[
"sprout",
"sprout"
]
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"root"
],
"word": "kory"
},
{
"word": "kręčь"
},
{
"english": "plank, rod",
"word": "kręky"
},
{
"english": "to curl, to change course",
"word": "krękati"
},
{
"english": "to move, to change position",
"word": "krętati"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*jьkra"
},
{
"word": "*bъtvo"
},
{
"word": "*bоturь"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "krękъ"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "spawn, colony",
"word": "kręčina"
},
{
"english": "spawner",
"word": "krękosъ"
},
{
"english": "sedimentation",
"roman": "krakovína",
"sense": "East Slavic",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "⇒ Belarusian: кракові́на"
},
{
"english": "frog spawn",
"roman": "ukrják",
"sense": "Russian: кряк (krjak, “spawn; trunk”) (standard); крёк (krjok, “frog spawn”) (dialectal)",
"word": "⇒ Russian: укря́к"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "к"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "р"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "е̑"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "d"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "i"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "a"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "l"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "e"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "c"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "t"
},
{
"english": "duckweed",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"character"
],
"word": "о̏кријек"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "k"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "r"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "ȇ"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "d"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "i"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "a"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "l"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "e"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "c"
},
{
"english": "sprout, bole",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "t"
},
{
"english": "duckweed",
"sense": "Serbo-Croatian: (conflated with *krěkъ)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "ȍkrijek"
},
{
"english": "frog spawn",
"sense": "Slovene: krẹ́k, krȃk (“spawn”) (dialectal)",
"word": "⇒ Slovene: žabokrẹ́čina"
},
{
"english": "frog spawn",
"sense": "Czech: skřek (obsolete)",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "⇒ Czech: žаbоkřеkу"
},
{
"sense": "West Slavic",
"tags": [
"Polish"
],
"word": "krzek"
},
{
"english": "amphibian spawn",
"sense": "West Slavic",
"tags": [
"Polish"
],
"word": "skrzek"
},
{
"english": "water plant",
"sense": "Sorbian",
"tags": [
"Lower-Sorbian"
],
"word": "kśek"
},
{
"english": "water plant",
"sense": "Sorbian",
"tags": [
"Upper-Sorbian"
],
"word": "křek"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kręčь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kręčь",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kurkulai̇̃",
"3": "",
"4": "frog spawn",
"g": "p"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kurkulai̇̃ pl (“frog spawn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "kurkul̨i",
"3": "",
"4": "frog spawn",
"g": "p"
},
"expansion": "Latvian kurkul̨i pl (“frog spawn”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hrugnaz",
"3": "",
"4": "roe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrugnaz (“roe”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "plangō",
"3": "",
"4": "to strike"
},
"expansion": "Latin plangō (“to strike”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "plāga",
"3": "",
"4": "stroke; plague"
},
"expansion": "Latin plāga (“stroke; plague”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*krekъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *krekъ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Disputed:\n* Berneker, Bezzenberger, Kroonen: Of etymological origin, akin to Proto-Slavic *kręčь, *kręky (“plank, rod”) and *kręgъ, *kręžь (“ridge, hump”); possibly further related to Lithuanian kurkulai̇̃ pl (“frog spawn”), Latvian kurkul̨i pl (“frog spawn”), Proto-Germanic *hrugnaz (“roe”). Perhaps from a nasal extension of Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-, *(s)kreh₁- (“to perturb, to pound, to swing”). For the semantic shift, compare analogous Latin plangō (“to strike”) → Latin plāga (“stroke; plague”), possibly planta (“plant”).\n* Machek, Trubačev: Of onomatopoeic origin, akin to Proto-Slavic *krekъ, *krěkъ, *krakъ (“squawk, quack”).\nESSJa formally distinguishes between meanings “spawn” (under *krękъ I) and “sprout” (under *krękъ II).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "krękъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kręka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kręci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kręka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kręku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krękъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kręku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krękoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "krękomъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krękъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kręka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kręky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krękъmь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krękomь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krękoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kręky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kręcě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kręku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kręcěxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kręče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kręka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kręci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krękъ",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"root"
],
"word": "kory"
},
{
"word": "kręčь"
},
{
"english": "plank, rod",
"word": "kręky"
},
{
"english": "to curl, to change course",
"word": "krękati"
},
{
"english": "to move, to change position",
"word": "krętati"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"sla-pro:Baby animals",
"sla-pro:Collectives",
"sla-pro:Water plants"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "→ frog spawn (mainly in East Slavic, attested in derivatives within other branches)"
},
{
"text": "→ offshoot, bough, bole of plant (in South Slavic)"
},
{
"text": "→ turf of aquatic vegetation (in Serbo-Croatian, Sorbian)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spawn, sprout"
],
"links": [
[
"spawn",
"spawn"
],
[
"sprout",
"sprout"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*jьkra"
},
{
"word": "*bъtvo"
},
{
"word": "*bоturь"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "krękъ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for krękъ meaning in Proto-Slavic (8.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.