See jūz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*jiʀ" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *jiʀ\nOld English: ġē, gī — Northumbrian\nMiddle English: ye, yee, ȝe, ȝee, yeȝ, yhe, ȝhe, ge, iye, yie, ȝie, gie, hye, hie, ȝeo, geo\nEnglish: ye, yee\nScots: ȝe, ye\nYola: ye\nOld Frisian: jī\nNorth Frisian: jam, i (Sylt)\nSaterland Frisian: jie\nWest Frisian: jim, jimme\nOld Saxon: gī\nMiddle Low German: gî, gê, î, y, ie, jê\nLow German: ji, jie\nPlautdietsch: jie\nOld Dutch: gī\nMiddle Dutch: gi\nDutch: gij, jij\nAfrikaans: jy\nBerbice Creole Dutch: ju\nJersey Dutch: jāi\nNegerhollands: joe, ju\nPetjo: jij\nLimburgish: geer\nOld High German: ir, ier, er, aer, gi\nMiddle High German: ir\nAlemannic German: ir\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: iar, iart (Luserna)\nMòcheno: ir\nCentral Franconian: ühr, ihr, dihr (d- from verb ending by rebracketing)\nHunsrik: deer\nLuxembourgish: dir\nGerman: ihr\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: dihr\nYiddish: איר (ir), איהר (ihr) — Daytshmerish", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *jiʀ\nOld English: ġē, gī — Northumbrian\nMiddle English: ye, yee, ȝe, ȝee, yeȝ, yhe, ȝhe, ge, iye, yie, ȝie, gie, hye, hie, ȝeo, geo\nEnglish: ye, yee\nScots: ȝe, ye\nYola: ye\nOld Frisian: jī\nNorth Frisian: jam, i (Sylt)\nSaterland Frisian: jie\nWest Frisian: jim, jimme\nOld Saxon: gī\nMiddle Low German: gî, gê, î, y, ie, jê\nLow German: ji, jie\nPlautdietsch: jie\nOld Dutch: gī\nMiddle Dutch: gi\nDutch: gij, jij\nAfrikaans: jy\nBerbice Creole Dutch: ju\nJersey Dutch: jāi\nNegerhollands: joe, ju\nPetjo: jij\nLimburgish: geer\nOld High German: ir, ier, er, aer, gi\nMiddle High German: ir\nAlemannic German: ir\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: iar, iart (Luserna)\nMòcheno: ir\nCentral Franconian: ühr, ihr, dihr (d- from verb ending by rebracketing)\nHunsrik: deer\nLuxembourgish: dir\nGerman: ihr\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: dihr\nYiddish: איר (ir), איהר (ihr) — Daytshmerish" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmq-pro", "2": "*ᛃᛁᛉ" }, "expansion": "Proto-Norse: *ᛃᛁᛉ (*jiʀ)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Norse: *ᛃᛁᛉ (*jiʀ)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non-own", "2": "ér", "noalts": "1" }, "expansion": "Old West Norse: ér\nIcelandic: ér\n⇒ Old West Norse: þér (← hafið ér)\nIcelandic: þér\nFaroese: tær\nOld Swedish: þær, þæ", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Old West Norse: ér\nIcelandic: ér\n⇒ Old West Norse: þér (← hafið ér)\nIcelandic: þér\nFaroese: tær\nOld Swedish: þær, þæ" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non-oen", "2": "*īʀ" }, "expansion": "Old East Norse: *īʀ", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "non-oen", "2": "*īʀ", "noparent": "1" }, "expansion": "Old Swedish: īr, ī, ᛁᚱ\nSwedish: I, ni (← hafven I)\nDanish: I\nNorwegian Bokmål: I", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Old East Norse: *īʀ\nOld Swedish: īr, ī, ᛁᚱ\nSwedish: I, ni (← hafven I)\nDanish: I\nNorwegian Bokmål: I" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmq-ogt", "2": "ir", "3": "ᛁᛦ", "ts2": "īʀ" }, "expansion": "Old Gutnish: ir, ᛁᛦ (/īʀ/)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Gutnish: ir, ᛁᛦ (/īʀ/)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "got", "2": "𐌾𐌿𐍃", "tr": "jūs" }, "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌾𐌿𐍃 (jūs)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Gothic: 𐌾𐌿𐍃 (jūs)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*yū́" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *yū́", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *yū́, plural of *túh₂.", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-decl-ppron", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "ek (unstr. *ik)", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "nominative", "personal", "pronoun", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "personal", "pronoun", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "*se-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "personal", "pronoun", "reflexive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "mek (unstr. *mik)", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "first-person", "personal", "pronoun", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þek (unstr. *þik)", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "personal", "pronoun", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "sek (unstr. *sik)", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "personal", "pronoun", "reflexive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "miz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "first-person", "instrumental", "personal", "pronoun", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "instrumental", "personal", "pronoun", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "siz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "instrumental", "personal", "pronoun", "reflexive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "mīnaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "personal", "possessive", "pronoun", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þīnaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "personal", "possessive", "pronoun", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "sīnaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "personal", "possessive", "pronoun", "reflexive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wet (unstr. *wit)", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "nominative", "personal", "pronoun" ] }, { "form": "jut", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative", "personal", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "jit", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative", "personal", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "*se-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative", "personal", "pronoun", "reflexive" ] }, { "form": "unk", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual", "first-person", "personal", "pronoun" ] }, { "form": "inkw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual", "personal", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "sek (unstr. *sik)", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual", "personal", "pronoun", "reflexive" ] }, { "form": "unkiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "first-person", "instrumental", "personal", "pronoun" ] }, { "form": "inkwiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "instrumental", "personal", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "siz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "instrumental", "personal", "pronoun", "reflexive" ] }, { "form": "unkeraz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "personal", "possessive", "pronoun" ] }, { "form": "inkweraz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "personal", "possessive", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "sīnaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "personal", "possessive", "pronoun", "reflexive" ] }, { "form": "wīz (unstr. *wiz)", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "nominative", "personal", "plural", "pronoun" ] }, { "form": "jūz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "personal", "plural", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "jīz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "personal", "plural", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "*se-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "personal", "plural", "pronoun", "reflexive" ] }, { "form": "uns", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "first-person", "personal", "plural", "pronoun" ] }, { "form": "izwiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "personal", "plural", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "sek (unstr. *sik)", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "personal", "plural", "pronoun", "reflexive" ] }, { "form": "unsiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "first-person", "instrumental", "personal", "plural", "pronoun" ] }, { "form": "izwiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "instrumental", "personal", "plural", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "siz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "instrumental", "personal", "plural", "pronoun", "reflexive" ] }, { "form": "unseraz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "personal", "plural", "possessive", "pronoun" ] }, { "form": "izweraz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "personal", "plural", "possessive", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "sīnaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "personal", "plural", "possessive", "pronoun", "reflexive" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "gem-decl-ppron" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/jūz", "pos": "pron", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Germanic personal pronouns", "parents": [ "Personal pronouns", "Pronouns", "Lemmas" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Germanic pronouns", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "you (plural)" ], "id": "en-jūz-gem-pro-pron-ili7Tmcw", "links": [ [ "you", "you" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "english": "North-West Germanic", "word": "jīz" } ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/juːz/" } ], "word": "jūz" }
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*jiʀ" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *jiʀ\nOld English: ġē, gī — Northumbrian\nMiddle English: ye, yee, ȝe, ȝee, yeȝ, yhe, ȝhe, ge, iye, yie, ȝie, gie, hye, hie, ȝeo, geo\nEnglish: ye, yee\nScots: ȝe, ye\nYola: ye\nOld Frisian: jī\nNorth Frisian: jam, i (Sylt)\nSaterland Frisian: jie\nWest Frisian: jim, jimme\nOld Saxon: gī\nMiddle Low German: gî, gê, î, y, ie, jê\nLow German: ji, jie\nPlautdietsch: jie\nOld Dutch: gī\nMiddle Dutch: gi\nDutch: gij, jij\nAfrikaans: jy\nBerbice Creole Dutch: ju\nJersey Dutch: jāi\nNegerhollands: joe, ju\nPetjo: jij\nLimburgish: geer\nOld High German: ir, ier, er, aer, gi\nMiddle High German: ir\nAlemannic German: ir\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: iar, iart (Luserna)\nMòcheno: ir\nCentral Franconian: ühr, ihr, dihr (d- from verb ending by rebracketing)\nHunsrik: deer\nLuxembourgish: dir\nGerman: ihr\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: dihr\nYiddish: איר (ir), איהר (ihr) — Daytshmerish", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *jiʀ\nOld English: ġē, gī — Northumbrian\nMiddle English: ye, yee, ȝe, ȝee, yeȝ, yhe, ȝhe, ge, iye, yie, ȝie, gie, hye, hie, ȝeo, geo\nEnglish: ye, yee\nScots: ȝe, ye\nYola: ye\nOld Frisian: jī\nNorth Frisian: jam, i (Sylt)\nSaterland Frisian: jie\nWest Frisian: jim, jimme\nOld Saxon: gī\nMiddle Low German: gî, gê, î, y, ie, jê\nLow German: ji, jie\nPlautdietsch: jie\nOld Dutch: gī\nMiddle Dutch: gi\nDutch: gij, jij\nAfrikaans: jy\nBerbice Creole Dutch: ju\nJersey Dutch: jāi\nNegerhollands: joe, ju\nPetjo: jij\nLimburgish: geer\nOld High German: ir, ier, er, aer, gi\nMiddle High German: ir\nAlemannic German: ir\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: iar, iart (Luserna)\nMòcheno: ir\nCentral Franconian: ühr, ihr, dihr (d- from verb ending by rebracketing)\nHunsrik: deer\nLuxembourgish: dir\nGerman: ihr\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: dihr\nYiddish: איר (ir), איהר (ihr) — Daytshmerish" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmq-pro", "2": "*ᛃᛁᛉ" }, "expansion": "Proto-Norse: *ᛃᛁᛉ (*jiʀ)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Proto-Norse: *ᛃᛁᛉ (*jiʀ)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non-own", "2": "ér", "noalts": "1" }, "expansion": "Old West Norse: ér\nIcelandic: ér\n⇒ Old West Norse: þér (← hafið ér)\nIcelandic: þér\nFaroese: tær\nOld Swedish: þær, þæ", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Old West Norse: ér\nIcelandic: ér\n⇒ Old West Norse: þér (← hafið ér)\nIcelandic: þér\nFaroese: tær\nOld Swedish: þær, þæ" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non-oen", "2": "*īʀ" }, "expansion": "Old East Norse: *īʀ", "name": "desc" }, { "args": { "1": "non-oen", "2": "*īʀ", "noparent": "1" }, "expansion": "Old Swedish: īr, ī, ᛁᚱ\nSwedish: I, ni (← hafven I)\nDanish: I\nNorwegian Bokmål: I", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Old East Norse: *īʀ\nOld Swedish: īr, ī, ᛁᚱ\nSwedish: I, ni (← hafven I)\nDanish: I\nNorwegian Bokmål: I" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmq-ogt", "2": "ir", "3": "ᛁᛦ", "ts2": "īʀ" }, "expansion": "Old Gutnish: ir, ᛁᛦ (/īʀ/)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Old Gutnish: ir, ᛁᛦ (/īʀ/)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "got", "2": "𐌾𐌿𐍃", "tr": "jūs" }, "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌾𐌿𐍃 (jūs)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Gothic: 𐌾𐌿𐍃 (jūs)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*yū́" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *yū́", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *yū́, plural of *túh₂.", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-decl-ppron", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "ek (unstr. *ik)", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "nominative", "personal", "pronoun", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "personal", "pronoun", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "*se-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "personal", "pronoun", "reflexive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "mek (unstr. *mik)", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "first-person", "personal", "pronoun", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þek (unstr. *þik)", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "personal", "pronoun", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "sek (unstr. *sik)", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "personal", "pronoun", "reflexive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "miz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "first-person", "instrumental", "personal", "pronoun", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "instrumental", "personal", "pronoun", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "siz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "instrumental", "personal", "pronoun", "reflexive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "mīnaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "personal", "possessive", "pronoun", "singular" ] }, { "form": "þīnaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "personal", "possessive", "pronoun", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "sīnaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "personal", "possessive", "pronoun", "reflexive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wet (unstr. *wit)", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "nominative", "personal", "pronoun" ] }, { "form": "jut", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative", "personal", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "jit", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative", "personal", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "*se-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative", "personal", "pronoun", "reflexive" ] }, { "form": "unk", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual", "first-person", "personal", "pronoun" ] }, { "form": "inkw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual", "personal", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "sek (unstr. *sik)", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual", "personal", "pronoun", "reflexive" ] }, { "form": "unkiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "first-person", "instrumental", "personal", "pronoun" ] }, { "form": "inkwiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "instrumental", "personal", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "siz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "dual", "instrumental", "personal", "pronoun", "reflexive" ] }, { "form": "unkeraz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "personal", "possessive", "pronoun" ] }, { "form": "inkweraz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "personal", "possessive", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "sīnaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "personal", "possessive", "pronoun", "reflexive" ] }, { "form": "wīz (unstr. *wiz)", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "nominative", "personal", "plural", "pronoun" ] }, { "form": "jūz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "personal", "plural", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "jīz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "personal", "plural", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "*se-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "nominative", "personal", "plural", "pronoun", "reflexive" ] }, { "form": "uns", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "first-person", "personal", "plural", "pronoun" ] }, { "form": "izwiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "personal", "plural", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "sek (unstr. *sik)", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "personal", "plural", "pronoun", "reflexive" ] }, { "form": "unsiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "first-person", "instrumental", "personal", "plural", "pronoun" ] }, { "form": "izwiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "instrumental", "personal", "plural", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "siz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "instrumental", "personal", "plural", "pronoun", "reflexive" ] }, { "form": "unseraz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "personal", "plural", "possessive", "pronoun" ] }, { "form": "izweraz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "personal", "plural", "possessive", "pronoun", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "sīnaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "personal", "plural", "possessive", "pronoun", "reflexive" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "gem-decl-ppron" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/jūz", "pos": "pron", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-Germanic lemmas", "Proto-Germanic personal pronouns", "Proto-Germanic pronouns", "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European" ], "glosses": [ "you (plural)" ], "links": [ [ "you", "you" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/juːz/" } ], "synonyms": [ { "english": "North-West Germanic", "word": "jīz" } ], "word": "jūz" }
Download raw JSONL data for jūz meaning in Proto-Germanic (8.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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